CN116681611A - Linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image geometric correction method and system - Google Patents
Linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image geometric correction method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geometric correction method and a system for a linear array swing-broom optical satellite image, which comprise the steps of constructing a geometric correction model of the linear array swing-broom optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of a linear array swing-broom optical satellite; calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on a satellite image by utilizing a satellite image imaging moment parameter, a satellite attitude parameter, a satellite orbit parameter, a satellite camera parameter and a digital elevation model according to a satellite image geometric correction model; based on the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and the latitude corresponding to the four corner points of the satellite image, and determining the longitude and the latitude of the left upper starting point of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image; and calculating to obtain the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, and completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array swing scanning optical satellite image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical remote sensing satellite data processing, and particularly relates to a geometric correction method and system for a linear array swaying type optical satellite image.
Background
The linear array swing scanning type optical remote sensing satellite generally arranges a plurality of linear array imaging devices along an orbit on an imaging plane of a satellite camera, and acquires an ultra-large-breadth optical satellite image in a vertical orbit swing scanning mode. For example, the spatial resolution of an atmospheric first satellite wide-range imager is 75 meters to 600 meters, and the imaging range is up to 2300 kilometers; the spatial resolution of the high-resolution five-star A wide thermal infrared imager is 100 meters, and the imaging breadth is 1500 kilometers. Linear array swept imaging satellites are receiving increasing national and institutional attention due to their ultra-wide imaging capabilities.
The coverage of the linear array swept satellite in the orbital direction tends to be small compared to the ultra-wide imaging capability in the orbital direction. For example, the single swing image of the first-size atmospheric satellite wide-width imager has a width of only 9 km along the orbit direction, which is far smaller than 2300 km along the orbit direction. In order to obtain satellite image products with ultra-large widths in both the along-orbit and vertical-orbit directions, geometric correction and geometric stitching processing are often required to be performed on a plurality of single pendulum images. However, compared with a linear array push-broom satellite, the imaging process of the linear array swing-broom satellite is more complex, and the device is usually required to rotate a scanning mirror and a scanning compensation mirror to realize the swing-broom imaging with ultra-large breadth. The ground target light needs to be reflected by the rotary scanning mirror and the scanning compensation mirror for multiple times to form an image on the focal plane of the camera, which makes the geometric correction of the linear array scanning satellite image more complex.
For the complex imaging process and the ultra-large imaging breadth of the linear array sweep type satellite, the traditional satellite image geometric correction method has two problems. Firstly, a general rational function model is difficult to accurately describe the imaging geometric relationship of a linear array scanning satellite; secondly, the satellite image geometric correction method based on the rigorous imaging model has complex projection transformation from ground point to image point. How to realize the accurate geometric correction of the linear array scanning satellite image is still one of the key problems to be solved in the high-precision geometric processing of the current linear array scanning satellite image.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a geometric correction scheme of a linear array swaying type optical satellite image, a satellite image geometric correction model is constructed according to a linear array swaying type satellite imaging mechanism, the longitude and latitude of each image point on the image are calculated and obtained, and the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image is obtained through a four-adjacent-domain image point interpolation mode, so that the accurate geometric correction of the linear array swaying type optical satellite image is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is a geometric correction method for a linear array sweep optical satellite image, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a geometric correction model of a linear array sweep optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of the linear array sweep optical satellite;
step 2, calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on the satellite image by utilizing the satellite image imaging moment parameters, the satellite attitude parameters, the satellite orbit parameters, the satellite camera parameters and the digital elevation model according to the satellite image geometric correction model;
step 3, taking the spatial resolution of the satellite image points below the satellite or the spatial resolution designated manually as the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and the latitude corresponding to the four corner points of the satellite image, and determining the longitude and the latitude of the starting point on the left of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image;
and 4, calculating to obtain the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, and completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array scanning optical satellite image.
Step 4.1, regarding a certain image point a on the satellite image, taking the image point and its right adjacent image point B, lower right adjacent image point C and lower adjacent image point D as a group of four adjacent domain image points { a, B, C, D };
step 4.2, constructing a quadrilateral ABCD according to the longitude and latitude of the image points of the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1;
step 4.3, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and latitude of the image point in the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1, and constructing a quadrilateral abcd;
step 4.4, calculating to obtain image points falling into the quadrilateral abcd on the geometric correction image according to the geographic range of the quadrilateral abcd, the longitude and latitude of the starting point of the geometric correction image and the spatial resolution;
step 4.5, for each image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD in step 4.4, determining whether the image point falls into the quadrilateral ABCD. If yes, interpolating to obtain the gray value of the image point according to the gray values of the image points in the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1; if not, continuing to judge the next image point;
step 4.6, traversing each image point on the satellite image, and repeating the steps 4.1 to 4.5.
And the geometric correction model of the linear array sweep type optical satellite image constructed in the step 1 is shown in the formula (1):
wherein, (X, Y, Z) is the space rectangular coordinate of the ground point under the WGS84 coordinate system; (X) S ,Y S ,Z S ) Space rectangular coordinates of the GNSS antenna phase center under a WGS84 coordinate system; lambda is a scale factor;a rotation matrix from a J2000 coordinate system to a WGS84 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a satellite orbit coordinate system to a J2000 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from the satellite body coordinate system to the satellite orbit coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a camera coordinate system to a satellite body coordinate system; />Is to swing the mirror coordinate system to the camera coordinate systemIs a rotation matrix of (a); />The orientation angle of the imaging probe element is corresponding to the ground point.
In addition, in the step 2, the computing of the longitude and latitude of the image point adopts multi-core parallel computing based on OpenMP.
In addition, in the step 4, the steps 4.1 to 4.5 adopt multi-core parallel computing based on OpenMP.
In step 4.5, the quadrilateral ABCD may be split into two triangles ABC and ACD, and then it may be determined whether a certain image point falls within triangle ABC or ACD. If the image point falls within triangle ABC or ACD, the image point is considered to fall within quadrilateral ABCD.
In step 4.5, for a certain image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD, the inverse of the spatial distance between the image point and the image point in the four neighboring domains is used as a weight, and a weighted average interpolation method is used to obtain the gray value of the image point.
Thus, the geometric correction work of the linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the method, a satellite image geometric correction model is constructed according to a linear array swaying type satellite imaging mechanism, the longitude and latitude of each image point on the image are calculated and obtained, and then the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image is obtained in a four-adjacent-domain image point interpolation mode, so that the accurate geometric correction of the linear array swaying type optical satellite image is realized, and technical support is provided for the production of high-precision image products of the linear array swaying type optical satellite.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the four-neighborhood image point interpolation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a geometric correction method for a linear array swaying type optical satellite image. And secondly, calculating and obtaining the longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on the satellite image by adopting an image point coordinate projection transformation method. Then, according to the set spatial resolution and satellite image coverage, the latitude and longitude of the upper left starting point of the geometrically corrected image and the width and height of the image are set. And finally, obtaining the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image by a four-adjacent-domain image point interpolation mode so as to realize the precise geometric correction of the linear array sweeping type optical satellite image.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the geometric correction method for the linear array sweep optical satellite image according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a geometric correction model of a linear array sweep optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of the linear array sweep optical satellite, wherein the geometric correction model is as follows:
wherein, (X, Y, Z) is the space rectangular coordinate of the ground point under the WGS84 coordinate system; (X) S ,Y S ,Z S ) Space rectangular coordinates of the GNSS antenna phase center under a WGS84 coordinate system; lambda is a scale factor;a rotation matrix from a J2000 coordinate system to a WGS84 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a satellite orbit coordinate system to a J2000 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from the satellite body coordinate system to the satellite orbit coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a camera coordinate system to a satellite body coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a mirror coordinate system to a camera coordinate system; />The orientation angle of the imaging probe element is corresponding to the ground point.
Step 2, calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on a satellite image by using satellite image imaging time parameters, satellite attitude parameters, satellite orbit parameters, satellite camera parameters and a digital elevation model and adopting a multi-core parallel calculation method based on OpenMP according to a satellite image geometric correction model;
the implementation manner of specifically calculating the longitude and latitude can adopt the prior art, and the invention is not repeated. The efficiency is improved by preferably adopting a multi-core parallel computing method based on OpenMP.
Step 3, taking the spatial resolution of the satellite image points below the satellite or the spatial resolution designated manually as the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and the latitude corresponding to the four corner points of the satellite image, and determining the longitude and the latitude of the starting point on the left of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image;
the calculation implementation modes such as the maximum value, the minimum value and the like of the longitude and the latitude can adopt the prior art, and the invention is not repeated.
And 4, calculating to obtain the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image by a four-adjacent-domain image point interpolation mode according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, and completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array swaying type optical satellite image.
In an embodiment, it is further preferred to provide the realization of the gray value for each image point on the obtained geometrically corrected image as follows,
step 4.1, as shown in fig. 2, for a certain image point a on the satellite image, the image point and its right adjacent image point B, lower right adjacent image point C and lower adjacent image point D are used as a set of four adjacent domain image points { a, B, C, D };
step 4.2, constructing a quadrilateral ABCD according to the longitude and latitude of the image points of the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1;
step 4.3, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and latitude of the image point in the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1, and constructing a quadrilateral abcd;
in specific implementation, the maximum value and the minimum value of longitude of each pixel in the four adjacent domains are respectively Lmax and Lmin, the maximum value and the minimum value of latitude are respectively Bmax and Bmin, so that longitude and latitude coordinates of points a, b, c and d are respectively (Lmin, bmax), (Lmax, bmin) and (Lmin, bmin), and four points a, b, c and d can form a quadrilateral abcd;
step 4.4, calculating to obtain image points falling into the quadrilateral abcd on the geometric correction image according to the geographic range of the quadrilateral abcd, the longitude and latitude of the starting point of the geometric correction image and the spatial resolution;
step 4.5, for each image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD in step 4.4, determining whether the image point falls into the quadrilateral ABCD. If yes, interpolating to obtain the gray value of the image point according to the gray values of the image points in the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1; if not, continuing to judge the next image point.
In practice, it is preferable to split the quadrilateral ABCD into two triangles ABC and ACD and determine whether an image point falls within triangle ABC or ACD. If the image point falls within triangle ABC or ACD, the image point is considered to fall within quadrilateral ABCD. For a certain image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD, taking the reciprocal of the spatial distance between the image point and the image point in the four adjacent domains as a weight, and adopting a weighted average interpolation method to obtain the gray value of the image point, wherein the gray value is shown in the following formula:
wherein G is A 、G B 、G C And G D The gray values of points A, B, C and D, respectively, G being the gray value of an image point falling within the quadrilateral ABCD, W A 、W B 、W C And W is D The inverse of the spatial distance of the image point from the point A, B, C and D, respectively.
And 4.6, in implementation, traversing each image point on the satellite image by adopting an OpenMP-based multi-core parallel computing method, and repeating the steps 4.1 to 4.5.
In specific implementation, if the computer has N kernels and M image points are on the satellite image, the M image points can be divided into [ M/N ] +1 image point groups, then N image points in each image point group are respectively allocated to one computer kernel by adopting the multi-kernel parallel computing method based on OpenMP, and the steps 4.1 to 4.5 are repeated until the computing work of all the image point groups is completed.
Thus, the geometric correction work of the linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image is completed.
In particular, the method according to the technical solution of the present invention may be implemented by those skilled in the art using computer software technology to implement an automatic operation flow, and a system apparatus for implementing the method, such as a computer readable storage medium storing a corresponding computer program according to the technical solution of the present invention, and a computer device including the operation of the corresponding computer program, should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In some possible embodiments, a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction system is provided, comprising the following modules,
the first module is used for constructing a geometric correction model of the linear array scanning optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of the linear array scanning optical satellite;
the second module is used for calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on the satellite image by utilizing the satellite image imaging moment parameters, the satellite attitude parameters, the satellite orbit parameters, the satellite camera parameters and the digital elevation model according to the satellite image geometric correction model;
the third module is used for calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and the latitude corresponding to the four corner points of the satellite image based on the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, and determining the longitude and the latitude of the starting point at the upper left of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image;
and the fourth module is used for calculating and obtaining the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, and completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array scanning optical satellite image.
In specific implementation, the implementation of each module can refer to the above related steps, and the disclosure is not repeated.
In some possible embodiments, a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction system is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory for storing program instructions, the processor for invoking the stored instructions in the memory to perform a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction method as described above.
In some possible embodiments, a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction system is provided, which includes a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed, implements a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction method as described above.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A geometric correction method for a linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, constructing a geometric correction model of a linear array sweep optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of the linear array sweep optical satellite;
step 2, calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on the satellite image by utilizing the satellite image imaging moment parameters, the satellite attitude parameters, the satellite orbit parameters, the satellite camera parameters and the digital elevation model according to the satellite image geometric correction model;
step 3, calculating maximum values and minimum values of longitudes and latitudes corresponding to four corner points of the satellite image based on the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, and determining the longitudes and latitudes of the starting point at the upper left of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image;
step 4, calculating and obtaining the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array scanning optical satellite image, wherein the implementation mode comprises the following substeps,
step 4.1, regarding a certain image point a on the satellite image, taking the image point and its right adjacent image point B, lower right adjacent image point C and lower adjacent image point D as a group of four adjacent domain image points { a, B, C, D };
step 4.2, constructing a quadrilateral ABCD according to the longitude and latitude of the image points of the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1;
step 4.3, calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and latitude of the image point in the four adjacent domains in the step 4.1, and constructing a quadrilateral abcd;
step 4.4, calculating to obtain image points falling into the quadrilateral abcd on the geometric correction image according to the geographic range of the quadrilateral abcd, the longitude and latitude of the starting point of the geometric correction image and the spatial resolution;
step 4.5, judging whether each image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD in step 4.4 falls into the quadrilateral ABCD, if so, interpolating to obtain the gray value of the image point according to the gray value of the image point in the four adjacent domains in step 4.1; if not, continuing to judge the next image point;
step 4.6, traversing each image point on the satellite image, and repeating the steps 4.1 to 4.5.
2. The method for correcting geometry of linear array scanning optical satellite image according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the constructed geometric correction model of linear array scanning optical satellite image is as follows,
wherein, (X, Y, Z) is the space rectangular coordinate of the ground point under the WGS84 coordinate system; (X) S ,Y S ,Z S ) Space rectangular coordinates of the GNSS antenna phase center under a WGS84 coordinate system; lambda is a scale factor;a rotation matrix from a J2000 coordinate system to a WGS84 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a satellite orbit coordinate system to a J2000 coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from the satellite body coordinate system to the satellite orbit coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a camera coordinate system to a satellite body coordinate system; />A rotation matrix from a mirror coordinate system to a camera coordinate system; />The orientation angle of the imaging probe element is corresponding to the ground point.
3. The geometric correction method for the linear array swing scanning optical satellite image according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the calculation of the longitude and latitude of the image point adopts multi-core parallel calculation based on OpenMP.
4. The method for correcting geometry of linear array sweep optical satellite image according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, steps 4.1 to 4.5 adopt multi-core parallel computing based on OpenMP.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4.5, the quadrilateral ABCD is split into two triangles ABC and ACD, and then it is determined whether an image point falls into triangle ABC or ACD, and if the image point falls into triangle ABC or ACD, the image point is considered to fall into quadrilateral ABCD.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4.5, for a certain image point falling into the quadrilateral ABCD, the gray value of the image point is obtained by using the inverse of the spatial distance between the image point and the image point in the four neighboring domains as a weight and adopting a weighted average interpolation method.
7. A geometric correction system for a linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image is characterized in that: a method for implementing geometric correction of a linear array sweep optical satellite image as defined in any one of claims 1-6.
8. The linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image geometry correction system according to claim 7, wherein: comprising the following modules, wherein the modules are arranged in a row,
the first module is used for constructing a geometric correction model of the linear array scanning optical satellite image according to an imaging geometric mechanism of the linear array scanning optical satellite;
the second module is used for calculating and obtaining longitude and latitude corresponding to each image point on the satellite image by utilizing the satellite image imaging moment parameters, the satellite attitude parameters, the satellite orbit parameters, the satellite camera parameters and the digital elevation model according to the satellite image geometric correction model;
the third module is used for calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the longitude and the latitude corresponding to the four corner points of the satellite image based on the spatial resolution of the geometric correction image, and determining the longitude and the latitude of the starting point at the upper left of the geometric correction image and the width and the height of the image;
and the fourth module is used for calculating and obtaining the gray value of each image point on the geometric correction image according to the gray value and longitude and latitude of the image point on the satellite image and the longitude and latitude and spatial resolution of the starting point of the geometric correction image, and completing the geometric correction processing of the linear array scanning optical satellite image.
9. The linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image geometry correction system according to claim 7, wherein: the linear array sweep type optical satellite image geometric correction method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used for storing program instructions, and the processor is used for calling the stored instructions in the memory to execute the linear array sweep type optical satellite image geometric correction method according to any one of claims 1-6.
10. The linear array swing scanning type optical satellite image geometry correction system according to claim 7, wherein: comprising a readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements a linear array swipe optical satellite image geometry correction method according to any one of claims 1-6.
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