CN116679032A - Device and method for measuring soil evaporation range under influence of ground cracks - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring soil evaporation range under influence of ground cracks Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack, and relates to the fields of environmental science and hydrology research, comprising a box body, a ground crack simulation frame, a meteorological simulation system component and a moisture detection system component: the ground fracture simulation frame comprises a metal frame and a metal wire mesh; the meteorological simulation system component comprises a master controller, and a heater, a fan and an meteorological monitoring sensor which are respectively connected with the master controller; the master controller receives and displays the temperature information and the wind speed information transmitted by the weather monitoring sensor, can regulate and control the power of the heater until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature, and regulates and controls the power of the fan until the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed; the moisture detection system assembly includes a soil moisture sensor and a data collector. The invention can accurately measure the influence of the ground cracks on the soil moisture evaporation range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental science and hydrology research, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack.
Background
The ground fissure mainly refers to a fissure or fault occurring in the soil layer. One cause of ground fractures is created by construction activities, known as seismic fractures. In areas of intense shock, ground cracks often appear, the arrangement of which has a certain regularity, such as in the form of goose rows, straight lines, saw teeth, arcs and other geometric forms, or a ground crack consisting of a series of ground cracks. Another type of local geographically developed ground fissures may be independent of the construction action, such as ground fissures created by ground subsidence caused by over-mining of groundwater; ground cracks and the like can be generated on the ground surface due to roof falling or karst collapse of a mine goaf; the third type of ground fracture, although substantially controlled by structural fracture independent of the earthquake, is significantly aggravated by over-production of groundwater.
In arid and semiarid regions, the soil moisture often has the characteristics of low water content in shallow layers and high water content in deep layers, which is favorable for keeping the deep soil moisture, but the existence of ground cracks can penetrate through the soil layer, so that the deep soil moisture is directly evaporated into the atmosphere. Evaporation of deep soil moisture may form a drying zone around the ground fissures due to the presence of the ground fissures. Large-scale shallow-buried thick coal seam mining in arid and semiarid regions can form a large number of ground cracks on the ground surface, which can cause more soil moisture loss and have adverse effects on soil and water conservation and vegetation growth on the ground surface.
The main production areas of coal are mainly concentrated in arid and semiarid regions, the ecological environments of the regions are fragile, the regions are extremely easily affected by artificial interference and extreme natural environments, and large-scale vegetation degradation or soil desertification easily occurs. Ground subsidence and surface cracks caused by coal mines have a certain negative effect on the surface environment.
In the prior art, the field soil collection mode is adopted to measure the soil evaporation range of the ground cracks, but the soil evaporation range of the ground cracks cannot be accurately measured due to the fact that the soil evaporation range is greatly affected by weather factors such as precipitation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack, so as to accurately measure the influence of the ground crack on the soil moisture evaporation range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for measuring a soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack, including:
the box body comprises a peripheral wall, a bottom wall and an opening on the top surface;
the ground crack simulation frame comprises a metal frame and a metal wire mesh which surrounds and is fixedly connected with the metal frame, and the metal frame can be fixed in the box body and can change in shape so as to simulate a ground crack;
the meteorological simulation system component comprises a master controller, and a heater, a fan and an meteorological monitoring sensor which are respectively connected with the master controller; the heater is arranged at the upper end of the box body and used for heating the interior of the box body; the fan is arranged at the upper end of the box body and used for blowing air to the interior of the box body; the master controller receives and displays the temperature information and the wind speed information monitored by the weather monitoring sensor, can regulate and control the power of the heater until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature, and regulates and controls the power of the fan until the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
and a moisture detection system assembly including interconnected soil moisture sensors capable of detecting soil moisture content information and a data collector capable of receiving, storing and transmitting the soil moisture content information outwardly.
In an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, it is preferable that the heater is fixedly mounted on a bracket, and two ends of the bracket are mounted on a top surface of a peripheral wall of the case.
In an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, more preferably, the fan includes a left fan and a right fan, the left fan is installed in a left fan installation hole formed at an upper end of a left side wall of the case, and the right fan is installed in a right fan installation hole formed at an upper end of a right side wall of the case.
In a further alternative configuration: preferably, the front side surface of the peripheral wall is uniformly provided with a plurality of probe mounting holes for inserting the soil moisture sensor probes, and sealing plugs are respectively inserted into the probe mounting holes; preferably, the probe of the soil moisture sensor is a cylindrical probe, the probe mounting hole is a circular hole, and the probe seals the probe mounting hole when the probe is inserted into the probe mounting hole.
In an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, more preferably, in the ground fracture simulation frame, the metal frame is a stainless steel frame, and the metal wire mesh is a stainless steel wire mesh.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground fracture, and the apparatus according to any one of the preceding embodiments is applied.
The measurement method comprises a preparation step and a test step, in particular:
the preparation step comprises the following steps:
a soil treatment step, namely drying a soil sample, sieving the dried soil sample, analyzing a particle size curve of the soil sample, and taking the soil with the particle size of d in the soil sample as a soil sample, wherein d satisfies the following conditions: in the soil sample, the mass of the soil sample with the particle diameter smaller than d accounts for 5% of the total mass of the soil sample; according to the test requirement, preparing the soil sample into an initial water content value;
a ground crack simulating step, namely selecting a ground crack simulating device with the wire mesh aperture smaller than d, changing the shape of the metal frame according to test requirements to simulate ground cracks, and fixing the metal frame in the box body;
a soil filling step, after the simulated ground cracking step, of filling the soil sample processed in the soil processing step into the box body, wherein the filling height satisfies that the upper surface of the soil sample is flush with the upper end of the metal frame;
installing a meteorological simulation system component; a heater, a fan and a weather monitoring sensor are arranged at the upper end of the peripheral wall of the box body;
a step of arranging a moisture detection system component: the soil moisture sensors are respectively arranged at the longitudinal multi-point positions and/or the transverse multi-point positions;
the test steps include:
starting the master controller, the heater, the fan and the weather monitoring sensor, so that the heater heats the soil sample, the fan blows air to the soil sample, the weather monitoring sensor monitors the temperature and the wind speed applied to the surface of the soil sample, and the master controller displays the monitored temperature information and the monitored wind speed information;
regulating and controlling the power of the heater and the fan through the master controller according to the temperature information and the wind speed information displayed by the master controller until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature and the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
starting the data acquisition device and each soil moisture sensor, and receiving, storing and sending out soil moisture content information detected by the soil moisture sensors at each point position through the data acquisition device;
data processing and analysis: and sending the data information stored by the data collector to an internet terminal, and analyzing the data information to obtain the influence on soil moisture evaporation under the simulated shape and size of the ground cracks.
In this measurement method, preferably, in the preparing step, for the step of disposing the moisture detection system component, it includes: a plurality of soil moisture sensors are longitudinally arranged at intervals on two sides of the metal frame and are used for researching the influence of ground cracks on soil moisture evaporation in the horizontal direction; and a plurality of soil moisture sensors are longitudinally arranged at intervals below the metal frame and are used for researching the influence of ground cracks on the soil moisture at the deep part below the ground cracks.
In this measurement method, preferably, the front side surface of the peripheral wall is uniformly distributed with a plurality of probe mounting holes for inserting the soil moisture sensor probes, and a sealing plug is inserted into each probe mounting hole;
in the preparing step, for the step of arranging the moisture detection system component, it includes: and removing the plugging plug to be inserted into the probe mounting hole of the soil moisture sensor probe, and correspondingly inserting the probe.
In this measurement method, preferably, the soil moisture sensor is a three-probe soil moisture sensor, and the insertion method of the three probes of each soil moisture sensor into the soil sample in the tank through the probe mounting holes in the tank at least includes: the three probes are inserted in a lateral arrangement and the three probes are inserted in a longitudinal arrangement.
The device and the method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground cracks can be applied to the surface hydrology process of the ground cracks in a laboratory or field research, and at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
the ground crack simulation frames with different sizes and shapes can be arranged and used for researching the soil moisture evaporation conditions around the ground cracks with different shapes and simulating the soil moisture evaporation conditions around the ground cracks under different climatic conditions by changing the wind speed and the temperature, so that the influence range of the ground cracks on the soil moisture evaporation can be accurately obtained by finely describing and measuring the soil moisture distribution conditions around the ground cracks with various forms under drought and semi-drought environments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground crack simulation frame placed in a box body in a device for measuring a soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plug for a probe mounting hole of the case of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground crack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing a distribution pattern of the ground fracture simulation frame in the case and a corresponding distribution state of the soil moisture sensor according to another measurement method.
Icon: 1-a box body; 101-left fan mounting holes; 102-right fan mounting holes; 103-a probe mounting hole; 104-plugging; 2-a ground crack simulation frame; 3-meteorological simulation system components; 31-a master controller; 32-a heater; 321-a bracket; 331-left side fan; 332-right side fan; 34-weather monitoring sensors; 4-a moisture detection system component; 41-a soil moisture sensor; 42-data collector.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters designate like items in the drawings, and thus once an item is defined in one drawing, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the subsequent drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in place when the inventive product is used, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The first aspect of the present embodiment provides an apparatus for measuring a soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground fault, and referring to fig. 1 to 4, and particularly to fig. 3, the apparatus for measuring a soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground fault includes a case 1, a ground fault simulation frame 2, a weather simulation system component 3, and a moisture detection system component 4. Specifically:
the case 1 includes a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, and has an opening on its top surface; the ground crack simulation frame 2 includes a metal frame made of stainless steel or other metal and a wire net surrounding and fixedly connected to the metal frame, which can be fixed inside the case 1 and can be changed in shape to simulate a ground crack, and it is specifically noted that: in the related drawings, only the metal frame is shown, but the metal wire mesh is not shown, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the metal wire mesh covers the metal frame, the shape of the metal frame is correspondingly changed along with the shape of the metal frame, and the shape of the metal frame can be changed by bending the metal frame so as to simulate ground cracks with different shapes, the metal frame of the ground crack simulation frame and the metal wire mesh have higher strength, can resist the action of soil pressure, effectively support and fix soil, establish and effectively maintain the size and shape of the ground crack required by experiments for a long time in the box body 1, and have good air permeability and heat conductivity without changing the evaporation effect of soil moisture around the ground crack; the fixing manner of the metal frame of the ground fracture simulation frame to the inside of the case 1 includes, but is not limited to: the metal frame is adhered or hooked in the case 1 by means of an auxiliary fixing member such as an adhesive tape or a hook which is hung upside down, soil is filled, and the auxiliary fixing member is taken out of the case 1 after the soil is filled in the case to be stabilized.
The weather simulation system component 3 comprises a main controller 31, a heater 32, a fan and a weather monitoring sensor 34 which are respectively connected with the main controller 31; the heater 32 is arranged at the upper end of the box body 1 and used for heating the interior of the box body 1; the fan is arranged at the upper end of the box body 1 and used for blowing air to the interior of the box body 1; the main controller 31 receives and displays the temperature information and the wind speed information monitored by the weather monitoring sensor 34, and can regulate and control the power of the heater 32 until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature, and regulate and control the power of the fan until the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
the moisture detection system component 4 comprises a soil moisture sensor 41 and a data collector 42 which are connected with each other, wherein the soil moisture sensor 41 can detect the soil moisture content information, and the data collector 42 can receive, store and send the soil moisture content information outwards; the soil moisture sensor 41 is based on the frequency domain reflection principle, and can directly and accurately reflect the actual moisture content of various kinds of soil by measuring the dielectric constant of the soil.
The invention can accurately measure the influence of the ground crack on the soil moisture evaporation range, and the specific measuring method can refer to the measuring method provided by the second aspect of the embodiment of the invention, and the measuring method is specifically applied to the device and comprises the steps of preparation and test, wherein:
(1) The preparation step includes a soil treatment step, a simulated ground fissure step, a soil loading step, a step of installing the weather simulation system component 3, and a step of arranging the moisture detection system component 4, in detail:
the soil treatment steps mainly comprise: and (3) drying a soil sample, sieving, analyzing a particle size curve of the soil sample, and taking the soil with the particle size d in the soil sample as a soil sample, wherein d satisfies the following conditions: in the soil sample, the mass of the soil sample with the particle size smaller than d accounts for 5% of the total mass of the soil sample; according to the test requirement, preparing a soil sample into an initial water content value;
the step of simulating ground cracks mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of selecting a ground crack simulating device with the aperture smaller than d of a wire mesh, changing the shape of a metal frame according to test requirements to simulate the shape of a ground crack, fixing the metal frame in a box body 1 to simulate the ground crack, wherein the metal frame of the ground crack simulating frame and the wire mesh have higher strength, can resist the action of soil pressure, effectively support and fix soil, effectively maintain the size and the shape of the ground crack required by the test in the box body 1 for a long time, have good air permeability and thermal conductivity, and can not change the evaporation effect of soil moisture around the ground crack; the fixing means for fixing the metal frame of the ground fracture simulation frame to the inside of the case 1 include, but are not limited to: the metal frame is adhered or hooked in the box body 1 by auxiliary fixing parts such as adhesive tape or a reverse hook, soil filling is carried out, and the auxiliary fixing parts are taken out of the fixing mode outside the box body 1 after the metal frame is stably filled;
the soil filling step is arranged after the simulated ground cracking step, and mainly comprises the following steps: filling the soil sample treated in the soil treatment step into the box body 1, wherein the filling height meets the condition that the upper surface of the soil sample is flush with the upper end of the metal frame;
the steps of installing the weather simulation system component 3 are mainly; a heater 32, a fan and a weather monitoring sensor 34 are arranged at the upper end of the peripheral wall of the box body 1;
the steps of arranging the moisture detection system assembly 4 are mainly: the soil moisture sensors 41 are respectively arranged at the longitudinal multi-point positions and/or the transverse multi-point positions, and the soil moisture sensors 41 can directly and accurately reflect the real moisture content of various kinds of soil by measuring the dielectric constant of the soil based on the frequency domain reflection principle;
the soil filling step is necessarily arranged after the simulated ground fissure step, and other sub-steps can be randomly regulated according to habits of testers.
(2) The test steps comprise:
the main controller 31, the heater 32, the fan and the weather monitoring sensor 34 are started, so that the heater 32 heats the soil sample, the fan blows air to the soil sample, the weather monitoring sensor 34 monitors the temperature and the wind speed applied to the surface of the soil sample, and the monitored temperature information and the wind speed information are displayed through the main controller 31;
regulating and controlling the power of the heater 32 and the fan through the total controller 31 according to the temperature information and the wind speed information displayed by the total controller 31 until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature and the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
starting the data collector 42 and each soil moisture sensor 41, and receiving, storing and sending out the soil moisture information detected by the soil moisture sensor 41 at each point through the data collector 42;
data processing and analysis: the data information stored by the data collector 42 is sent to the internet terminal, and the data information is analyzed to obtain the influence on soil moisture evaporation under the simulated shape and size of the ground cracks.
In the measurement method, there are various alternative arrangements of the steps of arranging the moisture detection system assembly 4, for example, as shown in fig. 3, or as shown in fig. 4, among the preparation steps, illustrated in the arrangement of fig. 4, including: a plurality of soil moisture sensors 41 are longitudinally arranged at intervals on both sides of the metal frame for researching the influence of ground cracks on the evaporation of soil moisture in the horizontal direction; and a plurality of soil moisture sensors 41 are longitudinally arranged at intervals below the metal frame for studying the influence of the ground cracks on the soil moisture in the deep portion below the ground cracks.
The device for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground cracks provided in the first aspect of the embodiment and the method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground cracks provided in the second aspect of the embodiment can be applied to the surface hydrological process of laboratory or field research ground cracks, and at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
the ground crack simulation frames with different sizes and shapes can be arranged and used for researching the soil moisture evaporation conditions around the ground cracks with different shapes and simulating the soil moisture evaporation conditions around the ground cracks under different climatic conditions by changing the wind speed and the temperature, so that the influence range of the ground cracks on the soil moisture evaporation can be accurately obtained by finely describing and measuring the soil moisture distribution conditions around the ground cracks with various forms under drought and semi-drought environments.
Further, the apparatus for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground fault provided in the first aspect of the present embodiment and the method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground fault provided in the second aspect have respective more preferred embodiments.
First, for the device for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground fissure provided in the first aspect of the present embodiment, a more specific structure thereof has various alternative embodiments, and the specific structure is as follows:
with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and in particular to fig. 3, the device for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a crack in a soil is provided with:
alternatively and preferably, the heater 32 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 321, and both ends of the bracket 321 are mounted on the top surface of the peripheral wall of the case 1.
Alternatively and more preferably, the fans include a left fan 331 and a right fan 332, the left fan 331 is installed in a left fan installation hole 101 formed at an upper end of a left side wall of the case 1, and the right fan 332 is installed in a right fan installation hole 102 formed at an upper end of a right side wall of the case 1.
Optionally and preferably, the front side surface of the peripheral wall is uniformly distributed with a plurality of probe mounting holes 103 for inserting probes of the soil moisture sensor 41, and each probe mounting hole 103 is internally inserted with a sealing plug 104, so that soil and soil moisture in the box 1 are prevented from leaking along the probe mounting holes 103 without inserting probes by the sealing plugs 104; preferably, the probe of the soil moisture sensor 41 is a cylindrical probe, the probe mounting hole 103 is a circular hole, and in the case where the probe is inserted into the probe mounting hole 103, the probe closes the probe mounting hole 103.
Alternatively and more preferably, in the ground fracture simulation frame 2, the metal frame is a stainless steel frame, and the wire mesh is a stainless steel wire mesh.
For the method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of the ground cracks provided in the second aspect of the present embodiment, more specifically:
referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4: as for the manner of arranging the moisture detection system assembly 4 to the corresponding position inside the casing 1, the corresponding soil moisture sensor 41 may be supported inside the casing or fixed to the inner wall of the casing by a support, a fixing member, or the like before filling, or the soil moisture sensor 41 may be placed at the corresponding position while filling, and the placement position of the soil moisture sensor 41 may be positioned by the soil, but it is more preferable that: as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a plurality of probe mounting holes 103 for inserting probes of the soil moisture sensor 41 are uniformly distributed on the front side surface of the peripheral wall of the case 1, and a plug 104 is inserted into each of the probe mounting holes 103; in the preparation step, for the step of disposing the moisture detection system component 4, it includes: the plug 104 to be inserted into the probe mounting hole 103 of the probe of the soil moisture sensor 41 is removed, corresponding to the insertion probe. The arrangement mode can flexibly set the probes of the soil moisture sensor 41, and can perform transformation of multiple groups of measurement data on the same ground fracture simulation frame 2 without pouring out soil, so that the soil moisture distribution condition with high resolution is obtained in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, more research data are obtained, and the research accuracy is further improved.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, in the measurement method, it is preferable that the soil moisture sensor 41 is a three-probe soil moisture sensor, and the three probes of each soil moisture sensor 41 are inserted into the soil sample in the case 1 through the probe mounting holes 103 in the case 1 in such a manner that at least the insertion method includes the steps as shown in fig. 3 and 4: the three probes are inserted in a lateral arrangement and the three probes are inserted in a longitudinal arrangement. For example, but not limited to, three probes are placed in longitudinal alignment at depths of 5cm, 16cm, 27cm and 38cm respectively for monitoring the effect of ground cracks on soil moisture lateral evaporation, while three probes are placed in lateral alignment at depths of 3cm, 9cm, 15cm, 21cm, 27cm, 33cm and 39cm for monitoring the effect of soil surface evaporation on soil moisture, respectively, for the soil moisture sensor 41.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are only required to be seen with each other; the above embodiments in the present specification are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a measure device of soil evaporation scope under ground crack influence which characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the box body (1) comprises a peripheral wall, a bottom wall and an opening on the top surface;
a ground fracture simulation frame (2) comprising a metal frame and a metal wire mesh surrounding and fixedly connected to the metal frame, the metal frame being fixable within the tank (1) and being capable of changing shape to simulate a ground fracture;
the weather simulation system component (3) comprises a master controller (31), a heater (32), a fan and a weather monitoring sensor (34), wherein the heater (32), the fan and the weather monitoring sensor (34) are respectively connected with the master controller (31); the heater (32) is arranged at the upper end of the box body (1) and used for heating the interior of the box body (1); the fan is arranged at the upper end of the box body (1) and used for blowing air into the box body (1); the master controller (31) receives and displays temperature information and wind speed information monitored by the weather monitoring sensor (34), can regulate and control the power of the heater (32) until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature, and regulates and controls the power of the fan until the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
and a moisture detection system assembly (4) comprising a soil moisture sensor (41) and a data collector (42) which are connected to each other, wherein the soil moisture sensor (41) is capable of detecting soil moisture content information, and the data collector (42) is capable of receiving, storing and transmitting the soil moisture content information outwards.
2. The apparatus for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 1, wherein: the heater (32) is fixedly arranged on the support (321), and two ends of the support (321) are arranged on the top surface of the peripheral wall of the box body (1).
3. The apparatus for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 1, wherein: the fan comprises a left fan (331) and a right fan (332), wherein the left fan (331) is arranged in a left fan mounting hole (101) formed in the upper end of the left side wall of the box body (1), and the right fan (332) is arranged in a right fan mounting hole (102) formed in the upper end of the right side wall of the box body (1).
4. A device for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 3, wherein: the front side of the peripheral wall is uniformly provided with a plurality of probe mounting holes (103) for inserting probes of the soil moisture sensor (41), and sealing plugs (104) are respectively inserted into the probe mounting holes (103).
5. The apparatus for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 4, wherein: the probe of the soil moisture sensor (41) is a cylindrical probe, the probe mounting hole (103) is a circular hole, and the probe seals the probe mounting hole (103) under the condition that the probe is inserted into the probe mounting hole (103).
6. The apparatus for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 1, wherein: in the ground crack simulation frame (2), the metal frame is a stainless steel frame, and the metal wire mesh is a stainless steel wire mesh.
7. A measuring method for measuring soil evaporation range under the influence of ground cracks is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of a device according to any one of claims 1-6 for measuring the extent of evaporation of soil under the influence of a ground split; the measuring method comprises a preparation step and a test step;
the preparation step comprises the following steps:
a soil treatment step, namely drying a soil sample, sieving the dried soil sample, analyzing a particle size curve of the soil sample, and taking the soil with the particle size of d in the soil sample as a soil sample, wherein d satisfies the following conditions: in the soil sample, the mass of the soil sample with the particle diameter smaller than d accounts for 5% of the total mass of the soil sample; according to the test requirement, preparing the soil sample into an initial water content value;
a ground crack simulating step, namely selecting a ground crack simulating device with the wire mesh aperture smaller than d, changing the shape of the metal frame according to test requirements to simulate ground cracks, and fixing the metal frame in the box body (1);
a soil filling step, after the simulated ground cracking step, of filling the soil sample treated in the soil treatment step into the box body (1), wherein the filling height is such that the upper surface of the soil sample is flush with the upper end of the metal frame;
a step of installing a meteorological simulation system component (3); a heater (32), a fan and a weather monitoring sensor (34) are arranged at the upper end of the peripheral wall of the box body (1);
and a step of arranging a moisture detection system component (4): -arranging said soil moisture sensors (41) respectively in longitudinal and/or transverse multi-spots;
the test steps include:
activating the master controller (31), the heater (32), the fan and the weather monitoring sensor (34) to enable the heater (32) to heat the soil sample, enable the fan to blow the soil sample, enable the weather monitoring sensor (34) to monitor the temperature and the wind speed applied to the surface of the soil sample, and enable the master controller (31) to display the monitored temperature information and the monitored wind speed information;
regulating and controlling the power of the heater (32) and the fan through the total controller (31) according to the temperature information and the wind speed information displayed by the total controller (31) until the temperature information is displayed as a set temperature and the wind speed information is displayed as a set wind speed;
starting the data collector (42) and each soil moisture sensor (41), and receiving, storing and sending out the soil moisture information detected by the soil moisture sensor (41) at each point through the data collector (42);
data processing and analysis: and sending the data information stored by the data collector (42) to an Internet terminal, and analyzing the data information to obtain the influence on soil moisture evaporation under the simulated shape and size of the ground cracks.
8. The method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 7, wherein: in the preparing step, for the step of arranging the moisture detection system component (4), it includes: a plurality of soil moisture sensors (41) are longitudinally arranged at intervals on two sides of the metal frame and are used for researching the influence of ground cracks on soil moisture evaporation in the horizontal direction; and a plurality of soil moisture sensors (41) are longitudinally arranged at intervals below the metal frame and are used for researching the influence of ground cracks on the soil moisture at the deep part below the ground cracks.
9. The method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 7, wherein: the front side surface of the peripheral wall is uniformly provided with a plurality of probe mounting holes (103) for inserting probes of the soil moisture sensor (41), and sealing plugs (104) are respectively inserted into the probe mounting holes (103);
in the preparing step, for the step of arranging the moisture detection system component (4), it includes: and removing a plug (104) to be inserted into a probe mounting hole (103) of the probe of the soil moisture sensor (41) to correspond to the insertion probe.
10. The method for measuring the soil evaporation range under the influence of a ground split according to claim 9, wherein: the soil moisture sensor (41) is a three-probe soil moisture sensor (41), and the insertion mode of three probes of each soil moisture sensor (41) into a soil sample in the box body (1) through the probe mounting holes (103) on the box body (1) at least comprises the following steps: the three probes are inserted in a lateral arrangement and the three probes are inserted in a longitudinal arrangement.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117309506A (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2023-12-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device for collecting water vapor of sunk cracks and method for identifying water vapor source |
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