CN116677436A - A multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmental grouting and its application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous yielding anchor rod device capable of grouting in a segmented mode and a use method thereof, and belongs to the field of underground engineering support of roadways, tunnels and the like. The device comprises an anchor rod and a sleeve, wherein plastic teeth are arranged in the sleeve, and the plastic teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve are extruded by utilizing a high-strength nut at the end part of the anchor rod, so that plastic damage is generated to realize the yielding characteristic of the anchor rod device; when the surrounding rock is deformed greatly, the device can synchronously realize constant resistance large deformation, and the anchor rod device is ensured not to be damaged; the device can also realize sectional grouting, and the sectional grouting reinforcement is realized by pulling the sectional grouting stop plug inside the anchor rod through the circular isolation disc and the steel wire which are inherent outside the anchor rod. The structure of the invention can realize the constant resistance yielding effect, can partially and sectionally grouting, and has the advantages of various functions, constant resistance, reasonable structure, economy and applicability.

Description

A multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmental grouting and its application method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of underground engineering support such as roadways, tunnels, tunnels, etc., and relates to a multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmented grouting and a method for using the same.

Background technique

With the rapid development of underground engineering construction such as railway and highway tunnels, mine roadways, water conservancy and hydropower and water transmission tunnels in my country, as the mining depth of solid minerals and the burial depth of tunnels and tunnels continue to increase, the mining environment and engineering geological conditions faced more and more complicated. Deep surrounding rock roadways are prone to deformation and failure due to the influence of "three highs and one disturbance". The support problem has become an important task for deep mining and tunnel engineering construction.

Bolt is a support form widely and efficiently used in the field of underground engineering support. In order to solve the support problem of large deformation of broken surrounding rock, it is required that the bolt can not only provide a constant support force, but also generate a large The elongation deformation meets the requirement of large deformation of the broken surrounding rock; in addition, in order to solve the problem of low strength of the broken surrounding rock, the existing method is to use the method of grouting to reinforce the broken surrounding rock to increase its strength. However, during on-site construction work, after grouting a large number of projects, it is often not known where the grout flows and where it flows, that is, it is impossible to accurately reinforce the partially broken surrounding rock, which makes the benefit of grouting repair and reinforcement of the surrounding rock poor; and, The commonly used end grouting reinforcement method on the construction site is limited by the grouting position and equipment. After the grouting, it is necessary to reserve a drill hole. After the grout solidifies, even a second drill is required before the anchor rod can be used to strengthen the anchorage to ensure the anchorage. The supporting effect of the rod on the surrounding rock is too long, the process is complicated and the work efficiency is low, which not only affects the anchoring effect but also has extremely low feasibility on site. In contrast, the resin anchoring agent has a shorter anchoring and curing time and better anchoring effect, which can overcome the above shortcomings. Based on the above problems, it is urgent to develop a method that can not only provide a constant support force to effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, but also allow segmental grouting to accurately repair the cracks in the surrounding rock and reinforce the broken surrounding rock. Slurry reinforcement, so that the anchor device can be operated at the same time, that is, a kind of anchor device that integrates multiple functions, constant resistance, reasonable structure, economical application, and deformation and compression functions to solve the existing engineering technical problems and achieve crushing. Surrounding rock "anchor-grouting" integrated operation.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device that can be grouted in sections and its use method, which can not only provide constant supporting force to effectively It can control the deformation of the surrounding rock, and can inject grouting in sections to accurately repair the cracks in the surrounding rock and reinforce the broken surrounding rock. It can also be combined with anchoring agent for anchoring and grouting reinforcement, so that the operations can be carried out at the same time.

Technical solution: A multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmental grouting and its use method according to the present invention, including a bolt on which a sleeve is arranged; the bolt includes bolt threads with an integral structure and the same outer diameter section, the hollow section of the anchor and the solid section of the anchor, wherein the solid section of the anchor is set at the end of the hollow section of the anchor, the threaded section of the anchor is set at the tail of the hollow section of the anchor, and the threaded section of the anchor is provided with a and the thread of the anti-skid wire nut, the hollow section of the anchor rod is axially provided with a through hole through the threaded section of the anchor rod, and the through hole is provided with a segmented grout stopper and a stopper that can move in the through hole and block the through hole and grouting steel pipes, wherein the segmented grout stoppers and grouting steel pipes are respectively arranged at both ends of the limiter, the segmental grout stoppers are provided with steel wires extending to the outside of the through hole, and the hollow section of the anchor rod is provided with There are multiple grouting holes communicated by through holes, and three circular isolation discs are arranged on the outer side of the hollow section of the anchor rod. The size of the circular isolation discs matches the anchor hole, so that the space in the anchor hole is divided into area I and area II , area III and area IV, where area I is the space where the threaded section of the anchor rod is located, area II and area III are the space where the hollow section of the anchor rod is located, area IV is the space where the solid section of the anchor rod is located, and area II or area III Segmented grouting; the end of the solid section of the anchor rod is threaded with a high-strength nut, and the sleeve is sleeved on the entire solid section of the anchor rod. The inner side of the cylinder is provided with plastic teeth with multi-turns and high-strength nuts at intervals to achieve pressure relief.

Further, there are 8 to 12 grouting holes arranged on the hollow section of the anchor rod, which are equally spaced on the side wall of the hollow section of the anchor rod between the three circular insulating plates.

Further, the outer edge of the circular insulation is provided with an expansion agent or an annular plug to improve the sealing effect, and the expansion agent is wrapped with a high elastic film and provided with a delay expansion start device.

Further, 4 to 6 plastic teeth are uniformly arranged on each section of the inner wall of the sleeve, and the material of the plastic teeth has certain plasticity and deforms under the extrusion of the high-strength nut.

Further, among the three circular insulating discs, the circular insulating disc closest to the solid section of the anchor rod is set at the joint between the solid section of the anchor rod and the hollow section of the anchor rod, and the end surface of the circular insulating disc is provided with a ring for connecting and interlocking with the sleeve. Cylindrical protrusion, the cylindrical protrusion is stuck in the reserved hole of the circular isolation disc, which can ensure that the sleeve rotates together with the anchor rod.

Further, the limiter is a bolt arranged on the hollow section of the anchor rod at the junction of area II and area III. The bolt is radially inserted into the hollow section of the anchor rod and tightened with a nut, which can limit the segmented grout stopper and the grouted steel pipe. range of movement.

Further, an annular grout stopper is provided at the mouth of the grouting steel pipe, and the annular grout stopper can prevent the grout from flowing back during grouting.

A method for using a multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device that can be grouted in sections, the steps are as follows:

Drill the anchor hole in the pre-marked position of the surrounding rock, slide the solid section of the anchor rod into the sleeve, open the sealing disc at the end of the sleeve, and add high-strength nuts to the solid section of the anchor rod by thread on this side superior;

Surround the high elastic film wrapped with expansion agent in the outer peripheral groove of the circular insulating disc;

Use the grouted steel pipe to push the segmented grout plug connected with the steel wire to the bottom of the hollow section of the anchor rod, and then install the bolts and nuts;

Send the anchoring agent cement roll, curing agent roll and anchor rod into the anchor hole;

Start the agitator to drive the anchor rod to rotate and stir the anchoring agent cement roll and curing agent roll to form an anchoring agent cemented body. The sleeve is linked with the circular isolation plate through the cylindrical protrusion; The exposed threaded section of the anchor rod is fitted with a tray and an anti-slip wire nut in sequence, and the pre-tightening force is provided along the thread lead angle by pre-tightening the anti-slip wire nut;

When it is detected that the area III part divided by the circular isolation plate has too many cracks or is in the interlaced zone of rock strata, it is judged that the area III part needs to be reinforced by grouting; push the grouted steel pipe into the hollow section of the anchor rod and set the bolt Due to the blocking of the bolts, the further pushing of the grouting steel pipe will be restricted. The exposed end of the grouting steel pipe is connected to the high-pressure grouting pump through a rubber conduit, and the high-pressure grouting pump is started. The grout is injected into the anchor hole area III through the grouting hole , will repair and strengthen part of the surrounding rock cracks in Area III;

In the same way as above, when the grouting of the region II part needs to be reinforced, the steel wire is pulled to pull the segmental grout stopper (26) to move, and the segmental grout stopper (26) is blocked by bolts in the hollow section of the bolt. 26) It will stop at the bolt. At this time, push the grouted steel pipe into the threaded section of the bolt and inject grout to ensure that only the cracks in the surrounding rock in the reinforcement area II will be repaired.

When the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation, the high-strength nut at the end of the solid section of the anchor squeezes the plastic teeth on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the plastic teeth produce plastic deformation. This is to realize the constant resistance and large deformation of the device.

Beneficial effects: due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention can provide constant supporting force, generate larger elongation deformation to meet the requirement of large deformation of surrounding rock and segmental grouting to accurately repair surrounding rock fissures and reinforce The function of breaking the surrounding rock makes up for the shortcomings of the existing traditional anchor bolts that cannot deform with the surrounding rock, and makes up for the shortcomings of the loss of grout after a large amount of grouting and the inability to accurately reinforce the surrounding rock. The extrusion deformation of the plastic tooth by the high-strength nut provides constant resistance, and then it can deform together with the surrounding rock within the allowable range to meet the requirements of large deformation of the surrounding rock; through the circular isolation disc, the grout can be used when the grout is injected into the anchor hole. The grout isolates and pulls the segmented stop plugs to achieve the effect of selective segmented grouting. The bolt device integrates multiple functions, solves the problem that ordinary bolts cannot meet the large deformation of surrounding rock, solves the problem of high cost of existing pressure bolts, and solves the problem that the existing grouting method is difficult to accurately reinforce The problems of surrounding rock and poor effect of repairing cracks and reinforcing surrounding rock have realized the integrated operation of "anchor-grouting" for breaking surrounding rock. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, stable function and simple process, which can greatly improve work efficiency, and the deformation and compression function of the anchor rod can effectively reduce the occurrence of accidents and ensure the safety of workers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the anchor hole schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of anchoring device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the installation of the anchoring device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of yielding pressure of the sleeve device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of grouting reinforcement of the surrounding rock area III part in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the grouting reinforcement of the surrounding rock area II part in the embodiment of the present invention;

6 is an enlarged schematic view of a grouted steel pipe and a rubber conduit in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 (a) is the schematic diagram of the cross section where the bolt is located in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 (b) is the schematic diagram of the cross section where the grouting hole is located in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of where the plastic teeth in the sleeve are located in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8(a) is a schematic front view of a circular insulating disk in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8(b) is a perspective view of a circular insulating disk in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-surrounding rock, 2-bolt, 3-anti-slip wire nut, 4-tray, 5-crack, 6-threaded section of bolt, 7-hollow section of bolt, 8-solid section of bolt, 9- High-strength nut, 10-circular isolation disc, 11-expansion agent, 12-sleeve, 13-cylindrical protrusion, 14-plastic tooth, 15-anchor cement, 16-sealing disc, 17-grouting hole , 18-steel wire, 19-bolt, 20-nut, 21-grouting steel pipe, 22-rubber conduit, 23-anchor hole, 24-high elastic film, 25-annular grout stopper, 26-segmented grout stopper .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment in the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a multi-hole yielding anchor device that can be grouted in sections includes an anchor 2 and a sleeve 12, and the anchor 2 is divided into an anchor threaded section 6, an anchor hollow section 7 and anchor rod solid section 8. The bolt threaded section 6 is provided with a thread, and the tray 4 and the anti-skid wire nut 3 are arranged in sequence on the thread; the hollow section 7 of the anchor bolt has a circular isolation plate 10, and the surrounding rock 1 can be divided into regions through the circular isolation plate 10. I, area II, area III and area IV; the solid section 8 of the anchor rod goes deep into the middle of the sleeve 12 . The threaded section 6 of the anchor rod, the hollow section 7 of the anchor rod and the solid section 8 of the anchor rod have an integral structure and the same outer diameter; each section of the hollow section of the anchor rod 7 is provided with four grouting holes 17 at intervals along the circumference, as shown in the figure As shown in Fig. 7(b), the spacing of each section is reasonable. During grouting, the grout can be injected into the anchor hole 23 from the grouting hole 17, thereby repairing the crack 5 and strengthening the surrounding rock 1; 8. Segmented grout stopper 26 is provided at the junction to block the slurry. Steel wire 18 is connected to the segmented grout stopper 26. Pull the steel wire 18 outside the anchor hole 23 to pull the segmented grout stopper 26 to move. . Bolts 19 and nuts 20 are provided in the hollow section 7 of the anchor rod near the junction of area II and area III. When the segmented grout stopper 26 is pulled by the steel wire 18, the segmented grout stopper 26 slides to the bolt 19 and will It is stuck; the hollow section 7 of the anchor rod is also provided with a circular insulating disc 10, which surrounds the expansion agent 11, and the expansion agent 11 is wrapped with a high elastic film 24. The circular isolation disc 10 can isolate the grout when the grout is injected into the anchor hole 23, so as to realize the effect of selective segmental grouting. Strength nut 9, the strength and rigidity of selected high-strength nut 9 should be large enough. The pressure relief function is realized by the high-strength nut 9 crushing and destroying the plastic teeth 14 provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the anchoring agent mastic roll, the curing agent roll and the anchor rod 2 are sent into the anchor hole 23 . Start the agitator to drive the anchor rod 2 to rotate and stir the anchoring agent glue roll and the curing agent roll to fully stir to form the anchoring agent colloid, and the sleeve 12 is linked with the circular isolation plate 10 through the cylindrical protrusion 13; after the anchoring agent is solidified, the The anchor rod threaded section 6 exposed in the anchor hole 23 is sequentially set with the tray 4 and the anti-skid wire nut 3, and the pre-tightening force is provided along the thread lead angle by pre-tightening the anti-skid wire nut 3.

As shown in Figure 4, 4 to 6 plastic teeth 14 are evenly arranged on each section of the inner wall of the sleeve 12, and the selected plastic teeth 14 materials should have certain plasticity and can be deformed under the extrusion of the high-strength nut 9, such as Figure 7c shows. The sleeve 12 is provided with a sealing disc 16 on one side near the bottom of the anchor hole 23 to prevent the entry of rock debris and dust; the other side is provided with a cylindrical protrusion 13, which is stuck in the circular In the reserved hole of the insulating disc 10, the sleeve 12 can be guaranteed to rotate together with the anchor rod 2; when the surrounding rock 1 is deformed, the high-strength nut 9 at the end of the solid section 8 of the anchor rod squeezes the nut 9 on the inner wall of the sleeve 12. Plastic tooth 14, the plastic tooth 14 produces plastic deformation, at this time, the high-strength nut 9 slides to contact the plastic tooth 14 of the next section, so as to realize the constant resistance and large deformation of the device;

As shown in Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b), the surrounding rock 1 and the anchor hole 23 can be divided into area I, area II, area III and area IV according to the position of the circular insulating disk 10. When it is detected that there are many cracks in the area III part or the part is in the interlaced zone of the rock formation, that is, when the part of the area III needs to be grouted and reinforced, the grouted steel pipe 21 can be pushed into the position where the bolt 19 is provided in the hollow section 7 of the anchor rod, because The blocking of the bolt 19 will limit the further pushing of the grouted steel pipe 21, as shown in Figure 7(a); when it is necessary to grout the area II and reinforce it, the steel wire 18 can be pulled and then the segmented grout stopper 26 can be pulled to move , because the hollow section 7 of the bolt is provided with the blocking of the bolt 19, the segmented grout stopper 26 will stop at the bolt 19. At this time, push the grouting steel pipe 21 into the threaded section 6 of the anchor rod and inject grout to reinforce the surrounding rock fissure 5 in the region II; As shown in Fig. 6, an annular grout stopper 25 is provided at the mouth of the grouting steel pipe 21, and the annular grout stopper 25 can prevent the grout from flowing back during grouting.

As shown in Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b), the hollow section 7 of the anchor rod is also provided with a circular insulating disk 10, which is surrounded by an expansion agent 11, and the expansion agent 11 is wrapped with a high elastic film 24. The outer diameter of the circular insulating disc 10 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the anchor hole 23. When the surrounding expansion agent 11 expands, the grout can be isolated when the grout is injected into the anchor hole 23, so as to achieve the effect of selective segmental grouting.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-hole pressure-yielding bolt device capable of segmented grouting, characterized in that: it comprises a bolt (2), and the bolt (2) is provided with a sleeve (12); the bolt (2) includes an integral structure Anchor rod threaded section (6), anchor rod hollow section (7) and anchor rod solid section (8) with the same outer diameter, wherein the anchor rod solid section (8) is arranged at the end of the anchor rod hollow section (7), The anchor rod threaded section (6) is arranged on the afterbody of the anchor rod hollow section (7), and the anchor rod threaded section (6) is provided with threads for installing the tray (4) and the anti-skid wire nut (3), and the anchor rod hollow section ( 7) There is a through hole through the threaded section (6) of the anchor rod in the inner axial direction, and a segmented grout stopper (26), stopper and grouting plug (26) capable of moving in the through hole and sealing the through hole are arranged in the through hole. Steel pipes (21), wherein the segmented grout stoppers (26) and the grouting steel pipes (21) are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the limiter, and the segmental grout stoppers (26) are provided with steel wires extending to the outside of the through hole ( 18), a plurality of grouting holes (17) communicating with the through holes are arranged at intervals on the hollow section of the anchor rod (7), and three circular isolation discs (10) are arranged at intervals on the outer side of the hollow section of the anchor rod (7). The size of the shaped insulating disc (10) matches the anchor hole (23), thereby dividing the space in the anchor hole (23) into area I, area II, area III and area IV, wherein in area I is the threaded section of the anchor rod ( 6) Space, area II and area III are the space where the hollow section of the anchor rod (7) is located, area IV is the space where the solid section of the anchor rod (8) is located, and the area II or area III is segmented grouting according to the needs; the solid anchor rod The end of the section (8) is threaded with a high-strength nut (9), the sleeve (12) is sleeved on the entire solid section (8) of the anchor rod, and the front end of the sleeve (12) is provided with an anti-rock and soil slag and dust The sealing disc (16) that enters is provided with multi-turn plastic teeth (14) that cooperate with high-strength nuts (9) to realize pressure-releasing at the inner side of the sleeve (12). 2. The multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmented grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are 8 to 12 grouting holes (17) arranged on the hollow section (7) of the bolt, with equal intervals It is arranged on the side wall of the anchor rod hollow section (7) between the three circular insulating discs (10). 3. The multi-hole pressure-yield bolt device capable of segmented grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer edge of the circular insulation is provided with an expansion agent (11) or an annular plug to improve the sealing effect, and the expansion The agent (11) is wrapped with a high-elastic film (24) and is provided with a delayed expansion starting device. 4. The multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmented grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4 to 6 plastic teeth (14) are evenly arranged on each section of the inner wall of the sleeve (12), and the plastic teeth (14 ) material has a certain degree of plasticity and is deformed under the extrusion of the high-strength nut (9). 5. The multi-hole yielding pressure bolt device capable of segmented grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: among the three circular insulating disks (10), the circular insulating disk closest to the solid section of the anchor rod (8) (10) is arranged at the connection between the solid section (8) of the anchor rod and the hollow section (7) of the anchor rod, and the end surface of the circular insulating disc (10) is provided with a cylindrical protrusion for connecting and interlocking with the sleeve (12) ( 13), the cylindrical protrusion (13) is stuck in the reserved hole of the circular insulating disc (10), which can ensure that the sleeve (12) rotates together with the anchor rod (2). 6. The segmental grouting multi-hole yielding anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiter is a bolt arranged on the hollow section (7) of the anchor rod at the junction of area II and area III (19), bolts (19) are radially inserted into the anchor rod hollow section (7) and tightened with nuts (20), which can limit the range of movement of the segmented grout stopper (26) and the grouted steel pipe (21). 7. The multi-hole pressure-yielding bolt device capable of segmented grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: an annular grout stopper (25) is provided at the mouth of the grouting steel pipe (21), and the annular grout stopper (25 ) can prevent grout backflow during grouting. 8. A method for using the segmented grouting porous yielding anchor device described in claims 1 to 7 above, characterized in that the steps are as follows: Drill the anchor hole (23) at the pre-marked position of the surrounding rock (1), slide the anchor rod solid section (8) of the anchor rod (2) into the sleeve (12), and open the end of the sleeve (12) A sealing disc (16), on which side a high-strength nut (9) is threaded onto the solid section (8) of the bolt; Surround the high elastic film (24) of the expansion agent (11) in the peripheral groove of the circular insulating disc (10); Use the grouting steel pipe (21) to push the segmented grout stopper (26) connected with the steel wire (18) to the bottom of the anchor rod hollow section (7), and then install the bolt (19) and nut (20); Send the anchoring agent mastic roll, curing agent roll and anchor rod (2) into the anchor hole (23); Start the agitator to drive the anchor rod (2) to rotate and stir the anchoring agent cement roll and curing agent roll to form an anchoring agent cement (15), and the sleeve (12) passes through the cylindrical protrusion (13) and the circular isolation plate (10) linkage; after waiting for the anchoring agent to solidify, set the tray (4) and the anti-slip wire nut (3) on the exposed anchor rod threaded section (6) of the anchor hole (23) in sequence, and pre-tighten the anti-slip wire nut (3) ) provides pre-tightening force along the thread lead angle; When it is detected that the area III part divided by the circular isolation disc (10) has too many cracks (5) or is in the interlaced zone of rock formations, it is judged that the area III part needs to be reinforced by grouting; the grouting steel pipe (21) is pushed into The position of the bolt (19) is set in the hollow section (7) of the anchor rod. Due to the obstruction of the bolt (19), the further pushing of the grouted steel pipe (21) will be restricted, and the exposed end of the grouted steel pipe (21) will pass through the rubber conduit (22) Connect with the high-pressure grouting pump, start the high-pressure grouting pump, and inject the grout into the III part of the anchor hole (23) area through the grouting hole (17), and repair and reinforce the surrounding rock fissure (5) of the area III part; In the same way as above, when it is necessary to grout reinforcement to the area II part, the steel wire (18) is pulled to pull the segmented grout stopper (26) to move, because the bolt (19) is provided in the hollow section (7) of the bolt block, the segmented grout stopper (26) will stop at the bolt (19), and at this time, push the grouted steel pipe (21) into the threaded section of the anchor rod (6) and inject grout to ensure that only the reinforcement area II will be repaired Part of the surrounding rock fissures (5). 9. The use method according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the surrounding rock (1) undergoes large deformation, the high-strength nut (9) at the end of the solid section (8) of the anchor rod squeezes the sleeve (12) The plastic tooth (14) on the inner wall produces plastic deformation. At this time, the high-strength nut (9) slides to contact the plastic tooth (14) of the next section, so as to realize the constant resistance and large deformation of the device .