CN116658215B - Penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel and construction and landfill method thereof - Google Patents
Penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel and construction and landfill method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116658215B CN116658215B CN202310604182.2A CN202310604182A CN116658215B CN 116658215 B CN116658215 B CN 116658215B CN 202310604182 A CN202310604182 A CN 202310604182A CN 116658215 B CN116658215 B CN 116658215B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006262 high density polyethylene film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C11/00—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways
- B66C11/02—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways with operating gear or operator's cabin suspended, or laterally offset, from runway or track
- B66C11/04—Underhung trolleys
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of solid garbage disposal, and particularly relates to a penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel which comprises a landfill chamber, a first roadway, a second roadway and a batching zone. The landfill chamber is used for landfill dangerous waste; the first roadway is arranged at one end of the landfill chamber and is communicated with the landfill chamber; the second roadway is arranged at the other end of the landfill chamber and is communicated with the landfill chamber; the batching area is used for storing dangerous wastes; the first tunnel and the second tunnel are mutually parallel, the landfill chamber is arranged between the first tunnel and the second tunnel, two ends of the landfill chamber are respectively communicated with the first tunnel and the second tunnel, the landfill chamber is arranged at intervals in parallel along the length direction of the first tunnel and the length direction of the second tunnel, and a circulating material conveying loop is arranged in the penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel and used for circulating material conveying. The rock tunnel disclosed by the application can save more rock space, increase the landfill area of unit rock, and simultaneously can be convenient for establishing a circulating material conveying loop in the rock tunnel, improve the landfill efficiency and reduce the landfill labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of solid garbage disposal, and particularly relates to a penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel and a construction and landfill method thereof.
Background
Landfill sites fall into three categories: hazardous waste landfills, innocuous waste landfills, and inert landfill. Along with the rapid development of the economy and the diversification of the industrial structure of China, the generation amount of dangerous wastes is rapidly increased, and the types are becoming more and more complex. The hazardous waste is more harmful than the common solid waste, and has the characteristics of difficult prediction of pollution results, large technical difficulty in disposal and the like, so that the hazardous waste is always the key point and the difficulty in the management of the solid waste in various countries of the world. Hazardous waste is generally burnt to become hazardous waste such as fly ash and incineration residues, and site selection of hazardous waste landfills is a social sensitivity problem for a long time, and is mainly the 'wall proximity effect' caused by fear psychology of the public on hazardous waste disposal sites.
The problem that the common land is difficult to sign in the hazardous waste disposal construction site is solved, the underground space is utilized for carrying out hazardous waste landfill, the underground is buried deeply, but the risk of polluting soil and underground water exists. There is thus currently a method for landfill of hazardous waste into a cave as mentioned in a construction method for a cave backfilling industrial hazardous waste of patent No. CN 111485941B.
However, in the CN111485941B patent, the widths of the landfill chamber and the partition public roadway are narrower, so that the bidirectional running track for transmitting dangerous wastes cannot be established, and the landfill chamber adopts a staggered arrangement due to the special structures of the landfill chamber and the partition public roadway, so that the transportation system capable of circularly transporting materials cannot be established in the landfill chamber and the partition public roadway, and the landfill efficiency is low and the landfill labor cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at solving the technical problems, and provides a penetrating type dangerous waste landfill cave and a construction and landfill method thereof, which achieve the effects of improving landfill efficiency and reducing landfill labor cost.
In view of this, the present application provides a through-type hazardous waste landfill rock tunnel comprising:
the landfill chamber is used for filling dangerous wastes;
the first roadway is arranged at one end of the landfill chamber and is communicated with the landfill chamber;
the second roadway is arranged at the other end of the landfill chamber and is communicated with the landfill chamber;
the batching area is used for storing dangerous wastes;
the first roadway and the second roadway are arranged in parallel, the landfill chamber is arranged between the first roadway and the second roadway, two ends of the landfill chamber are respectively communicated with the first roadway and the second roadway, a plurality of landfill chambers are arranged at intervals in parallel along the length direction of the first roadway and the length direction of the second roadway, and a circulating material conveying loop is arranged in the penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel and used for circulating material conveying.
In this technical scheme, the rock cave of this structure can practice thrift more rock spaces, increases the landfill area of unit rock, can also be convenient for establish circulation fortune material return circuit in the rock cave simultaneously, improves landfill efficiency, reduces the landfill cost of labor.
Further, the cyclic material conveying loop comprises:
the lifting assembly is arranged at the top of the landfill chamber and is used for lifting dangerous wastes, and comprises a lifting track and a lifting gripper which can slide along the lifting track;
the first guide rail is arranged in the first roadway and used for enabling a tray to slide, and the tray is used for transporting dangerous wastes;
the second guide rail is arranged in the second roadway, the second guide rail is used for enabling a tray to slide, and the tray is used for transporting dangerous wastes;
the batching guide rail is arranged in the batching zone;
the lifting grippers are used for grabbing a tray filled with dangerous wastes on the first guide rail to landfill the dangerous wastes into the landfill chamber and placing the tray back onto the second guide rail.
In this technical scheme, circulation fortune material return circuit can compensate the rock tunnel excavation space little, can't establish the orbital defect of two-way travelling, can realize automatic circulation fortune material under the same rock tunnel excavation space, simultaneously, can a plurality of trays simultaneous working to the landfill hazardous waste in the landfill chamber of difference, greatly improved the efficiency of landfill.
Further, a rigid landfill pool for containing dangerous wastes is arranged in the landfill chamber, and the rigid landfill pool comprises:
the pool body comprises a pool bottom and an upper structure, wherein the pool bottom is made of reinforced concrete, the upper structure is a non-clay solid brick wall, and the pool bottom is provided with an anti-seepage structure;
and the subbottom is arranged on the rock foundation of the landfill chamber and is used for suspending the pool body above the rock foundation.
In the technical scheme, the rigid landfill pool is arranged and the base is arranged below the pool body, so that the rigid landfill pool is not directly contacted with the rock base of the landfill chamber, dangerous waste can be further isolated from the outside, meanwhile, seepage of dangerous waste into the rock base of the landfill chamber is reduced, and the surrounding environment of a cave can be better protected.
Further, the batching district is provided with a plurality of storage areas that are used for storing different active hazardous waste, and every storage area all is provided with batching manipulator, and batching manipulator is used for making up the dangerous waste combination batching of different activities and radioactivity to same tray.
In the technical scheme, by arranging different active hazardous wastes on one tray, the hazardous wastes with different activities can be ensured to be mutually combined and mixed together when the hazardous wastes are dumped in a desired landfill chamber, the hazardous wastes with high activities can be prevented from being concentrated in local areas, the seepage pollution in the local areas is serious, and the integral landfill quality and the later environmental change of the whole cave can be ensured to reach the standard of environmental requirements.
Further, the storage area comprises a low-activity storage area, a high-activity storage area and a medium-activity storage area, wherein the medium-activity storage area, the high-activity storage area and the low-activity storage area are arranged along the transmission direction of the tray.
Further, the construction and landfill method of the penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
step S1, excavating a first roadway and a second roadway which are parallel to each other;
s2, excavating a landfill chamber with two ends respectively communicated with the first roadway and the second roadway between the first roadway and the second roadway;
s3, manufacturing a rigid landfill pool;
s4, excavating a batching area, conveying dangerous wastes with different activities to the batching area, and installing a batching manipulator in the batching area;
step S5, establishing an in-hole circulation material conveying loop: paving guide rails in the first roadway, the second roadway and the batching area, installing a lifting assembly at the top in the landfill chamber to enable the guide rails of the first roadway, the second roadway and the batching area and the lifting assembly to form a circulating material conveying loop, and enabling a plurality of trays to run on the guide rails;
step S6, compounding ingredients: in the process that a plurality of trays are sequentially conveyed along the guide rail, the guide rail passes through the batching area, and medium-activity hazardous waste, high-activity hazardous waste and low-activity hazardous waste are stacked on the trays in sequence from bottom to top through the batching manipulator;
step S7, transporting and burying: each tray filled with dangerous waste is transmitted to inlets of different landfill chambers along a guide rail in a first roadway, a lifting gripper of a lifting assembly in the landfill chamber grabs the tray to enable the tray to move to the upper portion of a rigid landfill pool along a lifting track, dangerous waste on the tray is poured into the rigid landfill pool, then an empty tray is lifted to move to an outlet of the landfill chamber along the lifting track, and the tray is arranged on the guide rail in a second roadway;
and S8, disassembling and recycling the guide rail and the lifting assembly, installing the disassembled guide rail into the newly excavated first tunnel and the newly excavated second tunnel according to the method of the step S5, and installing the disassembled lifting assembly into the landfill chamber which is not filled with the guide rail and the lifting assembly according to the method of the step S5.
And S9, sealing the landfill chamber.
Furthermore, the first roadway, the second roadway and the landfill chamber are provided with facilities such as seepage prevention, illumination, ventilation, liquid discharge and the like after excavation is completed.
Further, the rigid landfill pool manufacturing step of the step S3 is to firstly concreting the subbase, and manufacturing a pool body on the foundation after the subbase is cured.
Further, after the rigid landfill pool is buried to the top, the HDPE impermeable film is covered, and then the concrete is poured for capping.
Further, six months are required before the landfill chamber is sealed in the step S9, so that after the landfill blocks in the landfill chamber are stable and the percolate is discharged normally, the gates at the two ends of the landfill chamber are sealed by using asbestos plates or steel and wood.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the rock cavern of this structure can practice thrift more rock spaces, increases the landfill area of unit rock, can also be convenient for simultaneously establish circulation fortune material return circuit in the rock cavern, improves landfill efficiency, reduces the landfill cost of labor.
2. The circulating material conveying loop can make up the defect that the rock tunnel excavation space is small and the bidirectional running track cannot be established, can realize automatic circulating material conveying under the same rock tunnel excavation space, and simultaneously, a plurality of trays can work simultaneously to landfill dangerous wastes in different landfill chambers, so that the landfill efficiency is greatly improved.
3. Through setting up the rigidity landfill pond and setting up the base in the cell body below and make the rigidity landfill pond not directly contact with landfill chamber rock base, can further make dangerous waste and external isolation, reduce dangerous waste's seepage liquid infiltration landfill chamber rock base simultaneously, can protect the environment around the karst cave better.
4. By arranging different active hazardous wastes on one tray, the hazardous wastes with different activities can be ensured to be mutually combined and mixed together when the hazardous wastes are dumped in a desired landfill chamber, the hazardous wastes with high activities can be prevented from being concentrated in local areas, the seepage pollution in the local areas is serious, and the integral landfill quality and the later environmental change of the whole cave can be ensured to reach the standard of environmental requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a through-type hazardous waste landfill hole;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a through-type hazardous waste landfill rock tunnel establishing a cyclic material transport loop;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rigid landfill;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a construction and landfill method for a through-type hazardous waste landfill hole;
FIG. 7 is a photograph of a physical object of the rigid landfill;
the label in the figure is:
1. burying a chamber; 2. a first roadway; 3. a second roadway; 4. a batching zone; 5. lifting the assembly; 6. a first guide rail; 7. a second guide rail; 8. a batching guide rail; 9. lifting the track; 10. lifting the gripper; 11. a tray; 12. a rigid landfill pool; 13. a pool body; 14. a base; 15. a low activity storage area; 16. a high activity storage area; 17. a medium activity storage area; 18. hazardous waste; 19. a rock base.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application, fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various features shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged, as appropriate, such that embodiments of the present application may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the objects identified by "first," "second," etc. are generally of a type, and are not limited to the number of objects, such as the first object may be one or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms like "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc. generally refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing the functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in an opposite order depending on the functions involved, e.g., the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel comprises a landfill chamber 1, a first roadway 2, a second roadway 3 and a batching zone 4. The landfill chamber 1 is used for landfill dangerous waste 18; the first roadway 2 is arranged at one end of the landfill chamber 1 and is communicated with the landfill chamber 1; the second roadway 3 is arranged at the other end of the landfill chamber 1 and is communicated with the landfill chamber 1; the batching zone 4 is used for storing hazardous waste 18; the batching area 4 is communicated with external traffic, and the batching area 4 can be excavated in a rock tunnel or arranged outside the rock tunnel. The first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3 are arranged in parallel, the landfill chamber 1 is arranged between the first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3, two ends of the landfill chamber are respectively communicated with the first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3, the landfill chamber 1 is provided with a plurality of landfill chambers along the length direction parallel interval of the first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3, and a circulating material conveying loop is arranged in the penetrating type dangerous and useless landfill rock tunnel and is used for circulating material conveying. This run-through type danger is useless to be buried in karst cave structure can practice thrift more rock spaces, increases the landfill area of unit rock, can also be convenient for simultaneously establish circulation fortune material return circuit in the karst cave, improves landfill efficiency, reduces the landfill cost of labor.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2-4, the endless material handling circuit comprises a handling assembly 5, a first rail 6, a second rail 7 and a dosing rail 8. The lifting assembly 5 is arranged at the top in the landfill chamber 1 and is used for lifting dangerous wastes 18, the lifting assembly 5 comprises a lifting track 9 and a lifting gripper 10, and the lifting gripper 10 can slide along the lifting track 9; the first guide rail 6 is arranged in the first roadway 2, the first guide rail 6 is used for sliding a tray 11, and the tray 11 is used for transporting dangerous wastes 18; the second guide rail 7 is arranged in the second roadway 3, the second guide rail 7 is used for sliding a tray 11, and the tray 11 is used for transporting dangerous wastes 18; the batching guide rail 8 is arranged in the batching zone 4; the two ends of the lifting rail 9 of the lifting assembly 5 extend to the upper parts of the first guide rail 6 and the second guide rail 7, the batching guide rail 8 and the first guide rail 6 are connected in sequence, and the lifting gripper 10 is used for grabbing a tray 11 filled with dangerous wastes 18 on the first guide rail 6 to fill the dangerous wastes 18 into the landfill chamber 1 and placing the tray 11 back on the second guide rail 7. The circulating material conveying loop can make up the defect that the rock tunnel excavation space is small and the bidirectional running track cannot be established, can realize automatic circulating material conveying under the same rock tunnel excavation space, and simultaneously, a plurality of trays 11 can work simultaneously to landfill dangerous wastes 18 in different landfill chambers 1, so that the landfill efficiency is greatly improved.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5 and 7, a rigid landfill pool 12 for containing hazardous waste 18 is provided in the landfill chamber 1, and the rigid landfill pool 12 includes a pool body 13 and a base 14. The tank body 13 comprises a tank bottom and an upper structure, wherein the tank bottom is made of reinforced concrete, the upper structure is a non-clay solid brick wall, and the tank bottom is provided with an impermeable structure; the footbed 14 is arranged on the rock foundation 19 of the landfill chamber 1, and the footbed 14 is used for suspending the pool body 13 above the rock foundation 19. By providing the rigid landfill pool 12 and providing the base 14 below the pool body 13 such that the rigid landfill pool 12 is not in direct contact with the rock base 19 of the landfill chamber 1, the hazardous waste 18 can be further isolated from the outside, and meanwhile, seepage of the hazardous waste 18 into the rock base 19 of the landfill chamber 1 is reduced, so that the environment around the rock cave can be better protected.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 5, the batching zone 4 is provided with a plurality of storage zones for storing different active hazardous wastes 18, including a low active storage zone 15, a high active storage zone 16 and a medium active storage zone 17, the high active storage zone 16 and the low active storage zone 15 being arranged along the conveying direction of the pallet 11. Each storage area is provided with a dosing manipulator for dosing different active and radioactive hazardous waste 18 combinations onto the same tray 11. By arranging different active hazardous wastes 18 on one tray 11, the hazardous wastes 18 with different activities can be ensured to be mutually combined and mixed together when the hazardous wastes 18 are dumped in the underground chamber 1, the hazardous wastes 18 with high activities can be prevented from being concentrated in local areas, the serious seepage pollution of local areas is generated, and the integral landfill quality and the later environmental change of the whole cave can be ensured to meet the standard of environmental requirements.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 6, the construction and landfill method of the through type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel comprises the following steps:
step S1, excavating a first roadway 2 and a second roadway 3 which are parallel to each other;
and S2, excavating a landfill chamber 1 with two ends respectively communicated with the first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3 between the first roadway 2 and the second roadway 3.
And S3, manufacturing the rigid landfill pool 12, wherein the manufacturing step of the rigid landfill pool 12 is to firstly concreting the foundation 14, and manufacturing the pool body 13 on the foundation after the foundation 14 is cured.
S4, excavating a batching area 4, conveying dangerous wastes 18 with different activities to the batching area 4, and installing a batching manipulator in the batching area 4;
step S5, establishing an in-hole circulation material conveying loop: the method comprises the steps that guide rails are paved in a first roadway 2, a second roadway 3 and a batching zone 4, a lifting assembly 5 is installed at the top in a landfill chamber 1, so that the guide rails of the first roadway 2, the second roadway 3 and the batching zone 4 and the lifting assembly 5 form a circulating material conveying loop, and a plurality of trays 11 run on the guide rails;
step S6, compounding ingredients: in the process that a plurality of trays 11 are sequentially conveyed along the guide rail, the guide rail passes through the batching area 4, and the medium-activity hazardous waste 18, the high-activity hazardous waste 18 and the low-activity hazardous waste 18 are stacked on the trays 11 from bottom to top through a batching manipulator;
step S7, transporting and burying: each tray 11 filled with hazardous waste 18 is transported to the inlets of different landfill chambers 1 along the guide rails in the first roadway 2, the lifting grippers 10 of the lifting assembly 5 in the landfill chamber 1 grab the tray 11 to enable the tray 11 to move to the upper side of the rigid landfill pool 12 along the lifting rails 9, the hazardous waste 18 on the tray 11 is poured into the rigid landfill pool 12, then the empty tray 11 is lifted to move to the outlets of the inlets of the landfill chambers 1 along the lifting rails 9, the tray 11 is arranged on the guide rails in the second roadway 3, and after the rigid landfill pool 12 is filled to the top, the HDPE impermeable film is required to be covered, and then concrete capping is performed.
And S8, disassembling and recycling the guide rail and the lifting assembly 5, installing the disassembled guide rail into the newly excavated first roadway 2 and the newly excavated second roadway 3 according to the method of the step S5, and installing the disassembled lifting assembly 5 into the landfill chamber 1 which is not buried according to the method of the step S5.
And S9, sealing the landfill chamber 1, observing six months before sealing the landfill chamber 1, and sealing gates at two ends of the landfill chamber 1 by using asbestos plates or steel wood after ensuring that the landfill blocks in the landfill chamber 1 are stable and the percolate is discharged normally.
Wherein, the first roadway 2, the second roadway 3 and the landfill chamber 1 are provided with facilities such as seepage prevention, illumination, ventilation, liquid discharge and the like after excavation is completed; in order to prevent the accumulation of harmful gas in the landfill chamber 1, a special gas guide pipeline is arranged to be discharged to the ground surface safety place. The rock tunnel adopts full-face ventilation and local ventilation combined mode, and the whole ventilation of rock tunnel adopts full-face ventilation, increases the local fan ventilation when landfill chamber 1 carries out the operation, ensures landfill process air safety, and after landfill chamber 1 seals, the periodic inspection should carry out air guide ventilation operation earlier, and the gas that guarantees in the region gets into after safety up to standard. Temporary lighting equipment is adopted in landfill of the landfill chamber 1, and lighting lines are erected in the first roadway 2, the second roadway 3 and the batching zone 4. The anti-seepage structure at the bottom of the landfill chamber 1 is sequentially as follows: the anti-seepage reinforced concrete composite geotechnical net comprises a rock substrate, an anti-seepage reinforced concrete 250mm, a concrete slope finding layer 100mm, an observation layer composite geotechnical net 6mm, a protective layer geotechnical cloth 1000g/m < 2 >, an HDPE impermeable layer 2.5mm, a protective layer geotechnical cloth 1000g/m < 2 >, a percolate diversion layer pebble thickness 200mm, an anti-blocking filter layer geotechnical cloth 400g/m < 2 > and a dangerous waste ton bag. The side wall seepage-proofing system sequentially comprises the following components from outside to inside: bedrock, 100mm or 250mm of structural support (determined according to stability of surrounding rock), 150mm of isolation space, 0.6m of lower foundation, 240mm of impervious reinforced concrete, 10mm of waterproof mortar, 1000g/m2 of protective layer geotextile, 2.5mm of HDPE impermeable layer and 1000g/m2 of protective layer geotextile. All layers function from bottom to top: the concrete anti-seepage protective layer is used for protecting bedrock and is also an observation layer after the upper HDPE film is damaged. Concrete slope layer 100mm: the percolate sticks, and the quick flow of the percolate is ensured by setting a slope for 2 percent. Observing the layer composite geotechnical net: forming a space for rapid flow of percolate. Geotextile: the HDPE film is protected from damage up and down. HDPE film: isolating the percolate and collecting and draining the percolate.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative, not restrictive, of the present application, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are protected by the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A through-type hazardous waste landfill cave, comprising:
a landfill chamber (1), wherein the landfill chamber (1) is used for landfill of dangerous waste (18);
the first roadway (2) is arranged at one end of the landfill chamber (1) and is communicated with the landfill chamber (1);
the second roadway (3) is arranged at the other end of the landfill chamber (1) and is communicated with the landfill chamber (1);
the batching area (4), batching area (4) is used for storing dangerous waste (18);
the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3) are arranged in parallel, the landfill chamber (1) is arranged between the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3) and two ends of the landfill chamber are respectively communicated with the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3), a plurality of landfill chambers (1) are arranged at intervals in parallel along the length direction of the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3), and a circulating material conveying loop is arranged in the penetrating dangerous waste landfill rock hole and used for circulating material conveying;
the cyclic material conveying loop comprises:
the lifting assembly (5) is arranged at the inner top of the landfill chamber (1) and is used for lifting dangerous wastes (18), the lifting assembly (5) comprises a lifting track (9) and a lifting gripper (10), and the lifting gripper (10) can slide along the lifting track (9);
the first guide rail (6), the first guide rail (6) is arranged in the first roadway (2), the first guide rail (6) is used for sliding a tray (11), and the tray (11) is used for transporting dangerous wastes (18);
the second guide rail (7), the second guide rail (7) is arranged in the second roadway (3), the second guide rail (7) is used for enabling the tray (11) to slide, and the tray (11) is used for transporting dangerous wastes (18);
a dosing guide rail (8), the dosing guide rail (8) being arranged in the dosing zone (4);
wherein, the overhead hoist track (9) both ends of overhead hoist subassembly (5) extend to the top of first guide rail (6) and second guide rail (7), batching guide rail (8) and first guide rail (6) are connected in order, and overhead hoist tongs (10) are used for snatching tray (11) that are equipped with hazardous waste (18) on first guide rail (6) and landfill hazardous waste (18) to landfill chamber (1) in and put back tray (11) on second guide rail (7).
2. A through-going hazardous waste landfill rock cavern according to claim 1, characterized in that a rigid landfill pool (12) for containing hazardous waste (18) is provided in the landfill chamber (1), the rigid landfill pool (12) comprising:
the pool body (13), the pool body (13) comprises a pool bottom and an upper structure, the pool bottom is made of reinforced concrete, the upper structure is a non-clay solid brick wall, and the pool bottom is provided with an anti-seepage structure;
the base (14) is arranged on the rock foundation (19) of the landfill chamber (1), and the base (14) is used for enabling the pool body (13) to be suspended above the rock foundation (19).
3. A through-going hazardous waste landfill rock opening according to claim 1, characterized in that the batching zone (4) is provided with a plurality of storage zones for storing different active hazardous waste (18), each storage zone being provided with a batching manipulator for batching different active and radioactive hazardous waste (18) combinations onto the same tray (11).
4. A through-type hazardous waste landfill rock according to claim 3, wherein the storage areas comprise a low-activity storage area (15), a high-activity storage area (16) and a medium-activity storage area (17), the high-activity storage area (16) and the low-activity storage area (15) being arranged along the transport direction of the pallet (11).
5. The construction and landfill method of the penetrating type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, excavating a first roadway (2) and a second roadway (3) which are parallel to each other;
s2, excavating a landfill chamber (1) with two ends respectively communicated with the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3) between the first roadway (2) and the second roadway (3);
s3, manufacturing a rigid landfill pool (12);
s4, excavating a batching area (4), conveying dangerous wastes (18) with different activities to the batching area (4), and installing a batching manipulator in the batching area (4);
step S5, establishing an in-hole circulation material conveying loop: paving guide rails in the first roadway (2), the second roadway (3) and the batching area (4), installing a lifting assembly (5) at the top in the landfill chamber (1) to enable the guide rails of the first roadway (2), the second roadway (3) and the batching area (4) and the lifting assembly (5) to form a circulating material conveying loop, and enabling a plurality of trays (11) to run on the guide rails;
step S6, compounding ingredients: in the process that a plurality of trays (11) are sequentially conveyed along the guide rail, the guide rail passes through the batching area (4), and the medium-activity hazardous waste (18), the high-activity hazardous waste (18) and the low-activity hazardous waste (18) are stacked on the trays (11) from bottom to top through a batching manipulator;
step S7, transporting and burying: each tray (11) filled with dangerous waste (18) is conveyed to the inlets of the openings of different landfill chambers (1) along the guide rail in the first roadway (2), the lifting grippers (10) of the lifting assembly (5) in the landfill chamber (1) grab the tray (11) to enable the tray (11) to move to the upper part of the rigid landfill pool (12) along the lifting rail (9), the dangerous waste (18) on the tray (11) is poured into the rigid landfill pool (12), then the empty tray (11) is lifted to move to the outlets of the openings of the landfill chambers (1) along the lifting rail (9), and the tray (11) is arranged on the guide rail in the second roadway (3);
s8, disassembling and recycling the guide rail and the lifting assembly (5), installing the disassembled guide rail into a newly excavated first roadway (2) and a newly excavated second roadway (3) according to the method of the step S5, and installing the disassembled lifting assembly (5) into an unfused landfill chamber (1) according to the method of the step S5;
and S9, sealing the landfill chamber (1).
6. The construction and landfill method of the through type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the first roadway (2), the second roadway (3) and the landfill chamber (1) are provided with facilities for seepage prevention, illumination, ventilation, liquid drainage and the like after excavation is completed.
7. The construction and landfill method of a through-type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the rigid landfill pool (12) of the step S3 is manufactured by casting the foundation (14) with concrete, and manufacturing the pool body (13) on the foundation after curing the foundation (14).
8. The construction and landfill method of a through-type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel according to claim 5, wherein the rigid landfill pool (12) is covered with an HDPE impermeable film after being filled to the top, and then concrete is poured for capping.
9. The construction and landfill method of the through type dangerous waste landfill rock tunnel according to claim 5, wherein six months are required to be observed before the landfill chamber (1) is closed in the step S9, and after the landfill blocks in the landfill chamber (1) are stable and percolate is discharged normally, the gates at the two ends of the landfill chamber (1) are sealed by asbestos plates or steel wood.
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| CN107119710A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-01 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of underground city building method based on abandoned mine |
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| CN116658215A (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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