CN116656526B - 一株植物乳植杆菌jf4及其在制备降血糖和降胆固醇食品药品中的应用 - Google Patents
一株植物乳植杆菌jf4及其在制备降血糖和降胆固醇食品药品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于益生菌及其应用技术领域,具体涉及一株植物乳植杆菌JF4及其在制备降血糖和降胆固醇食品药品中的应用。为进一步开发利用植物乳植杆菌的益生功能,本发明从腌制的梅菜中分离出一株植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株,该菌株具有产蛋白酶、纤维素酶、3‑羟基丁酸、γ‑氨基丁酸、透明质酸,以及抑制α‑葡萄糖苷酶活性等多种益生功效。因此,JF4菌株具有可以促进对蛋白食物的消化吸收而改善蛋白过敏、促进对纤维素的吸收而改善便秘、抗炎和改善肠道菌群、抗抑郁和解酒、抗衰和抗皱、降糖等多种功能,可用于降糖和降脂等领域,具有重要的应用价值和经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于益生菌及其应用技术领域,具体涉及一株植物乳植杆菌JF4及其在制备降血糖和降胆固醇食品药品中的应用。
背景技术
植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum),又名植物乳杆菌,属于乳杆菌科乳杆菌属,革兰氏阳性菌,厌氧或兼性厌氧,最适培养pH为6.5,菌体呈直或弯的杆状,单个、有时成对或呈链状。植物乳杆菌是人体胃肠道中的益生菌,可以产生有机酸、细菌素、过氧化氢、双乙酞等多种天然抑菌物质,具有维持肠道菌群平衡,降低胆固醇水平,提高机体免疫力,促进营养物质吸收等多种功能。
植物乳杆菌是一种可食用的乳杆菌,与人类的生活密切相关,常见于乳制品、肉类及许多蔬菜的发酵制品中,其能通过胃部定植于肠道发挥有益作用,对肠道微生物有重要影响,无论是在食品发酵,还是工业乳酸发酵以及医疗保健等领域,都有着广泛的应用。众所周知,乳杆菌是人体正常菌群的一部分,作为肠道正常微生物体系的重要组成并终生伴随宿主,对于维持肠道微生态平衡有重要意义。而植物乳植杆菌作为可食用型的乳酸菌,也是一种重要的肠道益生菌,可以起到帮助肠道蠕动的作用,并且还可以增强人体的消化能力,并提高免疫力等。近些年来,植物乳植杆菌作为一种具有极大潜力的益生性乳杆菌已成为研究的热点,并且正在不断被制作成适用于人和动物的益生菌制剂。
目前,植物乳植杆菌的不同菌株已被报道具有不同的益生功能:(1)抗病原细菌:有研究发现,植物乳植杆菌对沙门氏菌具有强烈的抑制作用,且对幽门螺杆菌也有抑制作用。(2)调节免疫:有研究表明,植物乳植杆菌HK-LP对小鼠的IL-12具有很强诱导作用,饲喂HK-LP可抑制免疫球蛋白的产生,抵抗小鼠因自然饮食而引起的食物过敏,还可以抑制肿瘤的增长以及肿瘤细胞在小鼠体内的移植。(3)排镉作用:有研究表明,植物乳植杆菌CCFM8610具有耐酸性,在体外对镉离子有良好的耐受功能和吸附能力,能降低镉暴露小鼠肝脏和肾脏中的镉含量,并具有促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排镉的作用。(4)抑制大肠埃希氏菌:有研究表明,植物乳植杆菌N13具有耐酸性、耐胆盐的能力,对肠上皮细胞株HT-29细胞具有很高的黏附性,可以抑制肠侵袭性大肠埃希氏菌的生长,并防止器对HT-29发生侵袭。(5)具有蛋白水解活性:有研究表明,植物乳植杆菌CW006具有蛋白水解活性,并能将原料乳发酵生成血管紧张素转换酶抑制肽,进而达到抗高血压的作用。
植物乳植杆菌的来源多样性导致其具有基因的多样性和功能的多样性。然而,目前针对植物乳植杆菌的分离鉴定、益生特性和代谢机制的研究依然较少,这在一定程度上也影响了对植物乳植杆菌的开发利用。因此,有必要根据植物乳植杆菌的不同来源使其更好地发挥作用,如根据菌株的功能或者益生代谢产物确定其功效,明确其应用前景。综上所述,益生性植物乳植杆菌的研究及应用具有较为广阔的发展空间。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足,本发明从腌制的梅菜中分离出一株植物乳植杆菌LactiplantibacillusplantarumJF4菌株,所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有的多种益生功效,主要包括产3-羟基丁酸、产透明质酸、产纤维素酶等,具有巨大的潜在应用价值。
为实现上述目的,本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明第一方面提供了一株植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株,所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株于2022年09月27日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏号为:CCTCCNO:M20221496;所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株的16SrDNA全序列如SEQ ID No:1所示。
本发明第二方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在产3-羟基丁酸中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生3-羟基丁酸(3-HB),提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于生产3-HB,并通过产3-HB的这一特性用于为身体各种活动提供能量,抗骨质疏松,预防及治疗慢性综合征,改善脑部认知功能,改善脂代谢等领域。
本发明第三方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在产纤维素酶中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生纤维素酶,提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于生产纤维素酶,并通过产纤维素酶的这一特性用于促进膳食成分的消化吸收,改善便秘,降低胆固醇,预防并辅助治疗糖尿病等领域。
本发明第四方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在产透明质酸中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生透明质酸(HA),提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于生产HA,并通过产HA的这一特性用于抗炎,抗血管生成,抗衰老,促进伤口消炎及愈合等领域。
本发明第五方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在产蛋白酶中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生蛋白酶,提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于生产蛋白酶,并通过产蛋白酶的这一特性用于促进人体对食物中蛋白质的消化吸收,提高对小肽和氨基酸的吸收,抗过敏等领域。
本发明第六方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在产γ-氨基丁酸中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生γ-氨基丁酸(GABA),提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于生产GABA,并通过产GABA的这一特性用于改善机体睡眠质量,抗抑郁,抗焦虑,降血压,改善脂质代谢,增强记忆能力,提高脑活力等领域。
本发明第七方面提供了第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株在制备α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂中的应用。
经研究发现,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可有效抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,而a-葡萄糖苷酶与2型糖尿病有关,抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶是控制餐后高血糖的方法之一,提示植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株有望用于降血糖和抑制肥胖等领域。
本发明第八方面提供了一种用于具有益生功能的菌剂,其特征在于,所述菌剂包括第一方面所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株。
优选地,所述植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株为经发酵后的菌体混合物。发酵所用的培养基为MRS培养基。
优选地,在医药应用领域,所述菌剂还包括药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
更优选地,上述赋形剂是指可用于药学领域的稀释剂、黏合剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、助溶剂、稳定剂等以及一些药用基质。上述载体是药物领域中可得到的功能性药用辅料,包括表面活性剂、助悬剂、乳化剂以及一些新型药用高分子材料,如环糊精、壳聚糖、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚乙醇酸聚乳酸共聚物(PLGA)、透明质酸等。
优选地,在医药应用领域,所述菌剂的剂型包括注射剂、片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、缓释剂、口服液制剂。
更优选地,上述剂型是指临床上常用的剂型。药物制剂可以经口服或胃肠外方式(例如静脉、皮下、腹膜内或局部)给药,如果某些药物在胃部条件下是不稳定的,可将其制备成肠衣片剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明从腌制的梅菜中分离出一株植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株,所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有的多种益生功效,包括具有优越的蛋白酶活性,具有优越的纤维素酶活性,可产生和分泌3-羟基丁酸,可产生和分泌γ-氨基丁酸,可产生和分泌透明质酸,可抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。因此,植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有促进对蛋白食物的消化吸收,改善蛋白过敏;促进对纤维素的吸收,改善便秘;抗炎和改善肠道菌群;抗抑郁和解酒;抗衰和抗皱;降糖等多种功能。可见,本发明新分离得到的植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有多种益生功效,可用于降糖和降脂等领域,例如,制作成降血糖和降胆固醇食品药品,具有重要的应用价值和经济价值。
附图说明
图1为植物乳植杆菌JF4与其他同源菌株的系统发育树;
图2为植物乳植杆菌JF4对牛奶平板的降解实验(左边,空白对照组;右边,实验组);
图3为植物乳植杆菌JF4对纤维素平板的降解实验(左边,空白对照组;右边,实验组);
图4为植物乳植杆菌JF4可以产生和分泌3-羟基丁酸;
图5为植物乳植杆菌JF4可以产生和分泌γ-氨基丁酸;
图6为植物乳植杆菌JF4可以产生和分泌透明质酸;
图7为植物乳植杆菌JF4发酵液可分泌物质显著抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是,对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为可通过常规的商业途径购买得到。
下列实施例涉及的实验材料如下:
(1)植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4菌株,由中山大学生命科学学院肠道微生物组研究润泽实验室分离自中国广东地区腌制的梅菜中,保存于甘油管内-80℃低温冷冻保藏。一般情况下,将其接种于MRS固体培养基平板表面并在37℃恒温厌氧培养箱中倒置培养24h以获得菌落,或在37℃恒温厌氧培养箱内于MRS液体培养基中振荡培养24-48h以获得发酵液。
(2)试剂盒:3-羟基丁酸(3-HB)检测试剂盒(Cloud-CloneCorp.,Cat:CEB022Ge),γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)检测试剂盒(Cloud-CloneCorp.,Cat:CEA900Ge),透明质酸(又名玻尿酸,HA)检测试剂盒(Cloud-CloneCorp.,Cat:CEA182Ge),α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂筛选试剂盒(abcam,Cat:ab284520)。
(3)MRS平板:牛肉膏10g,蛋白胨10g,酵母膏5g,柠檬酸三铵2g,乙酸钠5g,葡萄糖20g,磷酸氢二钾2g,吐温80 1mL,硫酸镁0.58g,硫酸锰0.25g,琼脂15g,ddH2O补齐至1L,调pH至6.2-6.6,121℃高压灭菌20min,配置成MRS平板。
(4)MRS液体培养基:牛肉膏10g,蛋白胨10g,酵母膏5g,柠檬酸三铵2g,乙酸钠5g,葡萄糖20g,磷酸氢二钾2g,吐温80 1mL,硫酸镁0.58g,硫酸锰0.25g,ddH2O补齐至1L,调pH至6.2-6.6,121℃高压灭菌20min,配置成MRS液体培养基。
(5)MP平板:脱脂奶粉10g,氯化钠1g,牛肉膏10g,蛋白胨10g,酵母膏5g,葡萄糖20g,柠檬酸三铵2g,乙酸钠5g,磷酸氢二钾2g,吐温80 0.5mL,硫酸镁0.58g,硫酸锰0.25g,琼脂15g,ddH2O补齐至1L,调pH至6.2-6.6,121℃高压灭菌20min,配置成MP平板。
(6)CMC平板:羧甲基纤维素钠10g,硫酸铵1.5g,硫酸锰0.3g,氯化钙0.2g,氯化钠5g,尿素0.3g,牛肉膏10g,蛋白胨10g,酵母膏5g,葡萄糖20g,柠檬酸三铵2g,乙酸钠5g,磷酸氢二钾2g,吐温80 0.5mL,硫酸镁0.58g,硫酸锰0.25g,琼脂15g,ddH2O补齐至1L,调pH至6.2-6.6,121℃高压灭菌20min,配置成CMC平板。
实施例1植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4的分离鉴定
植物乳植杆菌LactiplantibacillusplantarumJF4菌株从中国广州市海珠区新凤凰综合肉菜市场购买的腌制一个月的梅菜中分离得到,具体如下:
用无菌水将粪便样品反复清洗3次,置于研钵中,加入无菌水(v/m=1:10),彻底研磨成匀浆,然后用移液器吸取适量研磨液,涂布于MRS平板上,室温培养3天。用记号笔将分离实验平板中待划线纯化的菌落编号,并相应地在平板上标明菌株编号。挑取菌落接种到MRS平板上,用平板划线法纯化菌株。若此法不能将菌株分离则需要从富集平板上挑取菌落,经MRS液体培养基梯度稀释后,涂布于MRS平板上。参考《伯杰细菌鉴定手册》(第八版)和《真菌分类鉴定手册》,首先分辨属于细菌的菌株。初步分离得到一株纯化菌株,菌株编号为JF4,培养24小时后观察其菌落呈白色圆形、中央凸起,菌落表面细密而光滑。
接着,通过16SrDNA通用引物(27F:AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG,1492R:TACGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT)进行分子鉴定后,由北京百迈客生物科技有限公司对分离得到的L.plantarumJF4菌株进行全基因组测序。将得到的序列16SrDNAsequence(SEQ ID No:1)在NCBI的Genome数据库进行BLAST比对,结果表明,JF4菌株与已知的植物乳植杆菌16SrDNA序列的同源性>99%(图1);并与同源菌株进行进化分析,确认JF4菌株是同种不同株的植物乳植杆菌。
最后,对菌株JF4进行保藏,保藏信息如下:保藏时间:2022年09月27日;保藏单位名称:中国典型培养物保藏中心(CCTCC);保藏号:CCTCCNO:M20221496;保藏单位地址:中国.武汉.武汉大学;分类命名:Lactiplantibacillusplantarum。
植物乳植杆菌是国家批准可用于食品的益生菌菌株,具有广泛的益生功效,如抗炎、抗高血压和抗病原细菌等,但不同来源的菌株其功效不同,说明本发明从广东地区梅菜中分离得到的新植物乳植杆菌JF4可以作为益生菌使用,并可能具有新的功效和功能。
L.plantarumJF4的16SrDNAsequence(1441bp):
TATACTGCAGTCGACGAACTCTGGTATTGATTGGTGCTTGCATCATGATTTACATTTGAGTGAGTGGCGAACTGGTGAGTAACACGTGGGAAACCTGCCCAGAAGCGGGGGATAACACCTGGAAACAGATGCTAATACCGCATAACAACTTGGACCGCATGGTCCGAGTTTGAAAGATGGCTTCGGCTATCACTTTTGGATGGTCCCGCGGCGTATTAGCTAGATGGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCATGGCAATGATACGTAGCCGACCTGAGAGGGTAATCGGCCACATTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAAACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCACAATGGACGAAAGTCTGATGGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGGTTTCGGCTCGTAAAACTCTGTTGTTAAAGAAGAACATATCTGAGAGTAACTGTTCAGGTATTGACGGTATTTAACCAGAAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGTAGGTGGCAAGCGTTGTCCGGATTTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGAGCGCAGGCGGTTTTTTAAGTCTGATGTGAAAGCCTTCGGCTCAACCGAAGAAGTGCATCGGAAACTGGGAAACTTGAGTGCAGAAGAGGACAGTGGAACTCCATGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATATGGAAGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTGTCTGGTCTGTAACTGACGCTGAGGCTCGAAAGTATGGGTAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCATACCGTAAACGATGAATGCTAAGTGTTGGAGGGTTTCCGCCCTTCAGTGCTGCAGCTAACGCATTAAGCATTCCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGCTGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAAGCTACGCGAAGAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATACTATGCAAATCTAAGAGATTAGACGTTCCCTTCGGGGACATGGATACAGGTGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATTATCAGTTGCCAGCATTAAGTTGGGCACTCTGGTGAGACTGCCGGTGACAAACCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCCCTTATGACCTGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGATGGTACAACGAGTTGCGAACTCGCGAGAGTAAGCTAATCTCTTAAAGCCATTCTCAGTTCGGATTGTAGGCTGCAACTCGCCTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGGATCAGCATGCCGCGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGAGAGTTTGTAACACCCAAAGTCGGTGGGGTAACCTTTAGAACCAGCCGCCTAAG。
实施例2植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillusplantarum)JF4的功能及其应用
(1)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产降解牛奶蛋白的蛋白酶
植物乳植杆菌JF4分泌蛋白酶水解蛋白能力的鉴定和测量是根据琼脂孔扩散试验进行的,使用的培养基为脱脂牛奶平板培养基(MP平板)。试验时,往实验组滴加3uL浓度为10Abs的植物乳植杆菌JF4菌液,对照组则滴加3uL空白MRS培养基。在37℃恒温厌氧培养箱中倒置培养3天。结果表明,与滴加空白培养基的对照相比,JF4可以显著的降解蛋白,并形成明显的降解圈(图2),说明植物乳植杆菌JF4可产蛋白酶。
可见,植物乳植杆菌JF4作为益生菌菌株使用可以促进人体对食物中蛋白质的消化吸收,提高对小肽和氨基酸的吸收。同时,也可用于抗过敏(改善蛋白消化不良或不吸收导致的食物过敏)。此外,也可以用于蛋白酶的提取,应用于食品工业或洗涤工业等蛋白酶领域的生产;也可用于微生物饲料中以帮助动物消化吸收营养,提高对饲料的利用率。
(2)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产纤维素酶
植物乳植杆菌JF4纤维素降解能力的鉴定和测定是根据琼脂孔扩散法进行的,并稍作修改,使用的纤维素板培养基为MP培养基。试验时,往实验组滴加3uL浓度为10Abs的植物乳植杆菌JF4菌液,对照组则滴加3uL空白MRS培养基。在37℃恒温厌氧培养箱中倒置培养3天后进行刚果红染色。结果表明,与滴加空白培养基的对照相比,JF4可以显著的降解纤维素,并形成明显的降解圈(图3),说明植物乳植杆菌JF4可产纤维素酶。
可见,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可通过产生纤维素酶的功效发挥多个用途:(1)有助于促进膳食成分的消化吸收;(2)改善便秘,益生菌在肠道内分解纤维素产生一定的水分具有软化大便的作用;(3)降低胆固醇是纤维素最重要的功效,因为可溶性纤维在被人体吸收后,能抑制人体对胆固醇的吸收,并能在肠道中与胆固醇结合,加快身体内胆固醇的代谢,防止人体因胆固醇过高而诱发高血脂,也能降低动脉硬化与冠心病的发病率;(4)纤维素这种不甜的“糖”能够减缓血液对葡萄糖的吸收,平衡血糖浓度,促进肌肉和脂肪细胞对胰岛素的敏感性,从而预防并辅助治疗糖尿病。
此外,植物乳植杆菌JF4还可以用于纤维素酶的发酵提取,在食品行业和环境行业均有广泛应用;可以应用于降解病原真菌的细胞壁,控制病害;可以应用于堆肥中纤维素的分解;也可用于制备畜禽养殖饲料,如猪、鸡等单胃动物饲料,以克服其不能利用纤维素的缺陷。
(3)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生和分泌3-羟基丁酸(3-HB)
将用MRS液体培养基培养至稳定期的植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株以1:30的稀释倍数扩培至新的MRS液体培养基中,在培养至稳定期24h时收取菌悬液,10,000×g、4℃离心10min后收取发酵液上清,通过3-HB特定ELISA试剂盒(CEB022Ge)测定发酵液上清的3-HB浓度。结果显示,与空白培养基MRS中不存在3-HB相比,JF4的上清液中3-HB的浓度为1.81μg/mL,说明植物乳植杆菌JF4可以在稳定期产生并分泌3-羟基丁酸(图4)。
3-HB可以为身体各种活动提供能量,是潜在的能量/功能型食物,已被添加到运动员饮料中,因此益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可作为能量型食品的添加剂。同时,鉴于3-HB还可以有效的抗骨质疏松,预防及治疗慢性综合征(高血压,酒精性脂肪肝,肠炎,肠癌等),改善脑部认知功能(提高学习记忆的能力,保护神经胶质细胞,改善阿尔兹海默症等),改善脂代谢。因此,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可通过产生3-羟基丁酸的功效发挥以上多个用途。
此外,3-羟基丁酸是是机体天然产生的一种内源性小分子物质,对于维持结肠直肠组织完整性具有重要作用,并且具有维持肠道健康、防止结肠疾病和消炎产能的作用。通过3-HB处理可以促进肠道有益菌的增殖,缓解多发性硬化的症状,在调节菌群和改善健康方面具有巨大的潜力。因此,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株也有助于改善肠道菌群,缓解肠道炎症。
(4)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生和分泌γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)
将用MRS液体培养基培养至稳定期的植物乳植杆菌JF4以1:30的稀释倍数扩培至新的MRS液体培养基中,在培养至稳定期24h时收取菌悬液,10,000×g、4℃离心10min后收取发酵液上清,通过GABA特定ELISA试剂盒(CEA900Ge)测定发酵液上清的GABA浓度。结果显示,与空白培养基MRS中的低浓度GABA相比,JF4的发酵上清液中GABA的浓度显著性增加,可积累量为213.6pg/mL,说明植物乳植杆菌JF4可以在稳定期产生并分泌γ-氨基丁酸(图5)。
γ-氨基丁酸是一种重要的中枢神经系统抑制性神经递质,广泛存在于动植物、微生物体内。现已证实,作为小分子量非蛋白质氨基酸的GABA具备食用安全性,可作为食品添加剂。研究表明,摄入一定量的GABA具有改善机体睡眠质量、抗抑郁、抗焦虑、降血压、改善脂质代谢、增强记忆能力并提高脑活力、加快大脑新陈代谢、健肝利肾、促进乙醇代谢(解酒)、改善更年期综合症等生理功效。
因此,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可通过产生γ-氨基丁酸的功效发挥以上多个用途。
(5)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可产生和分泌透明质酸(HA)
将用MRS液体培养基培养至稳定期的植物乳植杆菌JF4以1:30的稀释倍数扩培至新的MRS液体培养基中,在培养至稳定期24h时收取菌悬液,10,000×g、4℃离心10min后收取发酵液上清,通过透明质酸(又名玻尿酸,HA)特定ELISA试剂盒(CEA182Ge)测定发酵液上清的HA浓度。结果显示,与空白培养基MRS中的低浓度HA相比,JF4的发酵上清液中HA的浓度显著性增加,可积累量为166.2ng/mL,说明植物乳植杆菌JF4可以在稳定期产生并分泌透明质酸(图6)。
透明质酸,又名玻尿酸,是一种可生物降解、生物相容性、无毒、无致敏性的聚合物,具有多种生物学功能。既具有抗炎和抗血管生成作用,又具有较强的抗衰老、水润、抚平皱纹的能力。由于其有助于皮肤抗皱,促进伤口消炎及愈合,可作为抗皱剂,具有开发皮肤化妆品的潜力。此外,由于HA具有很高的润滑、吸水和保水能力,可以影响多种细胞功能,如迁移、粘附和增殖等,使得HA也被广泛应用于眼科手术,关节炎治疗,伤口愈合支架,组织工程,以及植入材料等生物医学领域。
因此,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株可通过产生透明质酸的功效发挥以上多个用途。
(6)植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株发酵液可有效抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性
将用MRS液体培养基培养至稳定期的植物乳植杆菌JF4以1:30的稀释倍数扩培至新的MRS液体培养基中,在培养至稳定期24h时收取菌悬液,10,000×g、4℃离心10min后收取发酵液上清,通过α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂筛选试剂盒(ab284520)测定发酵液上清对α-葡萄糖苷酶水解葡萄糖的酶活性能力的影响。结果显示,与空白培养基MRS的无抑制作用相比,JF4的发酵上清液显著抑制了α-葡萄糖苷酶水解葡萄糖的能力,其抑制率约为70.78%,说明植物乳植杆菌JF4的发酵液可以有效的抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性(图7)。
α-葡萄糖苷酶是一种在碳水化合物分解中起作用的酶,与2型糖尿病有关,抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶是控制餐后高血糖的方法之一,从而有助于糖尿病的治疗。因此,α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂有助于维持血糖水平,能够改善糖尿病并发症。此外,抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性可以控制肥胖。
因此,益生菌植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,这使它成为潜在的降血糖和抑制肥胖的益生菌。
综上可见,本发明新分离的植物乳植杆菌JF4具有的多种益生功效:(1)具有优越的蛋白酶活性;(2)具有优越的纤维素酶活性;(3)可产生和分泌3-羟基丁酸;(4)可产生和分泌γ-氨基丁酸;(5)可产生和分泌透明质酸;(6)可抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。可见,植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株具有重要的应用价值和经济价值。
以上对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下,对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,仍落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一株植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株,其特征在于,所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株于2022年09月27日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏号为:CCTCC NO:M 20221496;所述植物乳植杆菌JF4菌株的16S rDNA全序列如SEQ ID No:1所示。
2.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在产3-羟基丁酸中的应用。
3.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在产纤维素酶中的应用。
4.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在产透明质酸中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在产蛋白酶中的应用。
6.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在产γ-氨基丁酸中的应用。
7.权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株在制备α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂中的应用。
8.一种用于具有益生功能的菌剂,其特征在于,所述菌剂包括权利要求1所述的植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种用于具有益生功能的菌剂,其特征在于,所述植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)JF4菌株为经发酵后的菌体混合物。
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