CN116650682B - Sterilizer meeting biological requirements and control method thereof - Google Patents
Sterilizer meeting biological requirements and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116650682B CN116650682B CN202310493486.6A CN202310493486A CN116650682B CN 116650682 B CN116650682 B CN 116650682B CN 202310493486 A CN202310493486 A CN 202310493486A CN 116650682 B CN116650682 B CN 116650682B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
- A61L2/06—Hot gas
- A61L2/07—Steam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/26—Accessories or devices or components used for biocidal treatment
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sterilizer meeting biological requirements and a control method thereof. The sterilizer comprises a steam generator, a shell with an inner chamber and an interlayer cavity, a tank body and a pipeline system, wherein a cooling device is arranged in the tank body, and the pipeline system comprises an interlayer steam inlet pipe used for communicating the steam generator with the interlayer cavity, an inner chamber steam inlet pipe used for communicating the steam generator or the interlayer cavity with the inner chamber, an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe used for communicating the inner chamber with the tank body, an interlayer water inlet pipe used for introducing cooling water into the interlayer cavity and a cooling device water inlet pipe used for introducing cooling water into the cooling device. According to the invention, through the design of the tank body, the cooling device and the like, steam is not discharged outwards in the cooling stage, and cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the tank body to cool the inner chamber, so that steam in the inner chamber is cooled and converted into water, and the pressure of the inner chamber is slowly reduced. Meanwhile, water in the inner chamber can flow into the tank body through the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, and the problem of water accumulation in the inner chamber can not be caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sterilizer meeting biological requirements and a control method thereof.
Background
In the fields of medicine, bioengineering and the like, sterilization of articles including biological products is often required by using a sterilizer, and the sterilizer mainly has two requirements in terms of biological requirements: the gas and/or steam discharged from the atmosphere should be treated aseptically, and the water discharged from the atmosphere should be treated aseptically.
The existing common sterilizer comprises a pulsating vacuum pressure steam high-temperature sterilizer, which comprises an inner chamber and an interlayer, wherein articles are placed in the inner chamber, steam is introduced into the inner chamber, so that the inner chamber is filled with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the articles are sterilized by utilizing the high-temperature and high-pressure steam and latent heat released by the high-temperature and high-pressure steam. After sterilization, the pressure release valve on the steam exhaust pipeline is opened to discharge steam outwards, so that the aim of cooling is fulfilled.
In order to meet biological requirements, the sterilizer generally adopts an outer air discharge pipeline connected with a sterile filter element, so that gas and/or water vapor is discharged after being filtered and sterilized. In addition, the condensed water of the sterilizer is not discharged outside in the sterilization stage, and is stored at the bottom of the inner chamber. The sterilizer mainly has the following problems: firstly, because the steam volume is big, lead to filter core life to be short, need often change. Secondly, the condensed water kept at the bottom of the inner chamber can cause low temperature of articles close to the upper part of the condensed water, and hidden danger of incomplete sterilization of the articles exists. Thirdly, because of the limitation of the sterilizer, dead angles exist in the inner chamber or a pipeline connected with the sterilizer, condensate water at the dead angles cannot achieve the effect of aseptic treatment, and hidden danger of incomplete sterilization of external drainage exists.
In addition, as the inner chamber is in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, after the pressure release valve is opened, water vapor in the inner chamber can quickly gush out, so that the pressure in the inner chamber is reduced too quickly, and the pressure in the inner chamber is reduced too quickly, which can lead to (1) boiling and overflowing of liquid for liquid objects, thereby causing loss of the objects and pollution of the inner chamber; (2) For the reagent bottle loaded with liquid, as the bottle cap is screwed on the bottle body, the pressure and the temperature outside the bottle drop rapidly under the condition that the pressure and the temperature in the bottle cannot drop, and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the bottle is large, so that the reagent bottle is easy to burst.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sterilizer which meets biological requirements and has good sterilization effect and a control method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the sterilizer comprises a steam generator, a shell, a tank body, a pipeline system and a cooling device, wherein an inner chamber capable of containing sterilized objects is arranged in the shell, an interlayer cavity is arranged between the inner chamber and the shell, and the tank body is internally provided with the cooling device;
the pipeline system comprises an interlayer steam inlet pipe which is used for communicating the steam generator and the interlayer cavity;
An inner chamber steam inlet pipe for communicating the steam generator or the interlayer cavity with the inner chamber;
An inner chamber exhaust pipe for communicating the inner chamber with the tank;
the interlayer water inlet pipe is used for introducing cooling water into the interlayer cavity;
The cooling device water inlet pipe is used for introducing cooling water into the cooling device;
The sterilizer further comprises an interlayer water inlet control valve arranged on the interlayer water inlet pipe and a cooling device water inlet control valve arranged on the cooling device water inlet pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the interlayer water inlet control valve and the cooling device water inlet control valve are in a closed state; when the sterilizer is in a cooling stage, the interlayer water inlet control valve and the cooling device water inlet control valve are in an open state, and cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the cooling device to cool the inner chamber, so that the pressure of the inner chamber is gradually reduced.
When the sterilizer in the prior art is cooled, the exhaust valve connected to the exhaust pipeline of the inner chamber is opened, and the temperature is reduced by exhausting steam outwards, so that the pressure of the inner chamber is reduced too quickly in the cooling stage of the sterilizer in the prior art because the inner chamber is in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment once the exhaust valve is opened, and steam can flow out greatly. In addition, a large burst of steam can also place a burden on the filter on the exhaust line. According to the invention, through the design of the tank body, the cooling device and the like, steam is not discharged outwards in the cooling stage, the cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the tank body, the inner chamber is cooled through heat exchange of the cooling water, when the steam in the inner chamber is cooled, the steam is gradually converted into water, and when the steam is converted into water, the pressure is slowly reduced, so that the condition that the reagent bottle bursts or the liquid product boils and overflows due to too fast pressure reduction is avoided. Meanwhile, water in the inner chamber can flow into the tank body through the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, so that on one hand, the problem of water accumulation in the inner chamber is avoided, hidden danger of incomplete sterilization of articles is eliminated, and the sterilization effect is improved; on the other hand, the steam is converted into water to be stored in the tank body, so that the steam is very convenient to process, the loss of the filter on the discharge pipeline caused by the fact that the steam is directly discharged into the air is avoided, and the service life of the filter is prolonged.
Preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a compressed gas inlet pipe for communicating a compressed gas source with the inner chamber and a compressed gas control valve arranged on the compressed gas inlet pipe, and the compressed gas control valve is selectively opened when the sterilizer is in a cooling stage so as to keep the inner chamber pressure above a liquid evaporation critical point all the time. By introducing compressed gas into the inner chamber, the pressure in the inner chamber can be always kept within a certain range, and the conditions of bottle explosion and boiling overflow of liquid products caused by too fast pressure drop in the inner chamber are further avoided.
Further preferably, a first filter for sterilizing and filtering is arranged on the compressed gas inlet pipe.
Preferably, the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the inner chamber, and an inner chamber steam exhaust control valve is arranged on the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve is in an open state, so that water generated in the inner chamber automatically flows into the tank body.
In the heating sterilization stage, part of steam in the inner chamber is converted into water, and in the sterilizer in the prior art, water is usually not discharged outwards in the heating sterilization stage, and the generated water is always deposited at the bottom of the inner chamber. This can result in a low temperature of the sterilized items near the top of the bottom water, which can be a potential hazard for incomplete sterilization. According to the invention, the bottom of the inner chamber is connected with the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, so that the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is always in an open state in a sterilization stage, the inner chamber is free of water storage and temperature dead angles while the pressure and the temperature of the inner chamber are maintained, and the sterilization effect is improved.
Still preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a tank steam inlet pipe for communicating the steam generator and the tank, a tank steam inlet control valve is arranged on the tank steam inlet pipe, when the temperature reduction of the sterilizer is finished, the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve is in a closed state and the tank steam inlet control valve is in an open state, and steam is introduced into the tank for secondary sterilization.
When the sterilized articles have biological requirements, the sterilized articles cannot be discharged randomly, and harmless treatment needs to be ensured. According to the invention, steam is introduced into the tank body to inactivate the emissions in the tank body for the second time, so that the safety of the emissions is ensured.
Preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a vacuumizing pipe communicated with the tank body, a second filter, a vacuumizing control valve and a vacuum pump are sequentially arranged on the vacuumizing pipe along the air outlet direction of the vacuumizing pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage and a cooling stage, the vacuumizing control valve is in a closed state.
Preferably, a first booster pump is arranged on the interlayer water inlet pipe and/or the cooling device water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the cooling device is a condensing coil, a water inlet of the condensing coil is connected with a water inlet pipe of the cooling device, and a water outlet of the condensing coil is connected with a condensing device drain pipe for draining water.
Preferably, the pipeline system further comprises a steam generator water inlet pipe for communicating a water source with the steam generator, and a water filter, a second booster pump and a steam generator water inlet control valve are sequentially arranged on the steam generator water inlet pipe along the water inlet direction of the steam generator water inlet pipe.
In some preferred embodiments, the vacuum pump is a water circulation vacuum pump.
Preferably, the steam generator is located below the sandwich chamber. The arrangement is convenient for the high-temperature condensed water in the interlayer cavity to flow back to the steam generator in the preheating stage and the sterilization stage, and the water and the energy are saved.
Preferably, an inner chamber steam inlet control valve is arranged on the inner chamber steam inlet pipe, an interlayer steam inlet control valve is arranged on the interlayer steam inlet pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the inner chamber steam inlet control valve and the interlayer steam inlet control valve are intermittently opened so as to keep the pressure and the temperature of the inner chamber within a set range; when the sterilizer is in a cooling stage, the inner chamber steam inlet control valve and the interlayer steam inlet control valve are in a closed state.
Preferably, the sterilizer further comprises a drain tank which is communicated with the tank body through a tank body drain pipe.
Preferably, the sterilizer further comprises a cold water tank in communication with the interlayer water inlet pipe and the cooling device water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the sterilizer further comprises a pure water tank communicated with the water inlet pipe of the steam generator.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a control method of a sterilizer, based on the sterilizer as described above, the control method comprising the steps of:
s1, in a heating stage, starting a steam generator, opening an interlayer steam inlet pipe and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, and introducing steam into the inner chamber and an interlayer cavity to enable the inner chamber to rise to a set temperature and a set pressure;
S2, in a sterilization stage, controlling the on-off of an interlayer steam inlet pipe and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, keeping the temperature and the pressure of the inner chamber within a set range, opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, and introducing water generated in the inner chamber into a tank body, so that no water accumulation exists at the bottom of the inner chamber;
S3, in the cooling stage, the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is kept open, the interlayer steam inlet pipe and the inner chamber steam inlet pipe are disconnected, the steam is stopped to be introduced into the inner chamber and the interlayer cavity, the interlayer water inlet pipe and the cooling device water inlet pipe are opened, cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the cooling device, so that the steam in the inner chamber is gradually cooled and converted into water, and the pressure of the inner chamber is gradually reduced.
Preferably, in step S3, the control method further includes selectively opening a compressed gas inlet pipe, and introducing gas into the inner chamber, so as to keep the pressure of the inner chamber above the liquid evaporation critical point.
Preferably, the control method further comprises disconnecting the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, the interlayer water inlet pipe and the cooling device water inlet pipe after the cooling stage is finished, opening the tank body steam inlet pipe, introducing steam into the tank body, and performing secondary sterilization on the tank body.
Preferably, the control method further comprises opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe and a vacuumizing pipe before the temperature rising stage starts, vacuumizing the inner chamber and the tank body to a lower limit value or a limit value, opening an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, introducing steam into the inner chamber, and boosting the inner chamber to a pulsation upper limit value; this step was repeated several times.
Preferably, the control method further comprises opening an inner chamber exhaust pipe and a vacuumizing pipe after the cooling stage is finished, and vacuumizing the inner chamber and the tank body to dry the inner chamber; and after the drying is finished, the vacuumizing control valve is closed, the compressed gas inlet pipe is opened, and gas is introduced into the inner chamber until the pressure of the inner chamber reaches zero pressure.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
According to the invention, through the design of the tank body, the cooling device and the like, steam is not discharged outwards in the cooling stage, and cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the tank body to cool the inner chamber, so that steam in the inner chamber is cooled and converted into water, the pressure in the inner chamber is slowly reduced, and the conditions of bursting of the reagent bottle or boiling and overflowing of a liquid product are avoided. Meanwhile, water in the inner chamber can flow into the tank body through the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, so that on one hand, the problem of water accumulation in the inner chamber is avoided, hidden danger of incomplete sterilization of articles is eliminated, and the sterilization effect is improved; on the other hand, for the articles with biological requirements, the steam is converted into water to be stored in the tank body, so that the treatment is very convenient, the loss of the filter for the pipeline when the steam is directly discharged into the air is avoided, and the service life of the filter is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sterilizer of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, an inner chamber; 11. an inner chamber steam inlet pipe; 12. an inner chamber exhaust pipe; 13. an inner chamber exhaust control valve; 14. an inner chamber steam admission control valve; 15. a compressed gas inlet pipe; 16. a compressed gas control valve; 17. a first filter;
2. An interlayer cavity; 21. an interlayer steam inlet pipe; 22. an interlayer water inlet pipe; 23. an interlayer water inlet control valve; 24. an interlayer steam admission control valve; 25. a first booster pump;
3. a tank body; 31. a tank steam inlet pipe; 32. a tank steam inlet control valve; 33. vacuumizing the tube; 34. a second filter; 35. a vacuum-pumping control valve; 36. a vacuum pump;
4. a cooling device; 41. a water inlet pipe of the cooling device; 42. a drain pipe of the cooling device; 43. a cooling device water inlet control valve;
5. a steam generator; 51. a steam generator inlet pipe; 52. a water filter; 53. a second booster pump; 54. a steam generator water inlet control valve;
6. A drain tank;
7. a cold water tank;
8. A pure water tank;
A. a compressed air source; B. a cooling water source; C. a source of pure water; D. a main exhaust port; E. draining the steam generator;
T1, an interlayer temperature sensor; t2, an inner chamber temperature sensor; t3, a tank temperature sensor; t4, a drainage tank temperature sensor; t5, an inner chamber movable temperature sensor;
P1, sandwiching a pressure sensor; p2, an inner chamber pressure sensor; p3, a tank pressure sensor; p4, a steam generator pressure sensor;
Y1, a steam generator pressure gauge; y2, an inner chamber pressure gauge;
QF1, water outlet valve of pure water tank; QF2, drain valve of pure water tank; QF3, a water outlet valve of the cold water tank; QF4, drain valve of cold water tank; QF5, steam generator bleed valve;
AQF1, steam generator relief valve; AQF2, internal chamber safety valve;
SGL1, pure water tank filter; SGL2, cold water tank filter;
FQF1, a pure water tank float valve; FQF2, cold water tank float valve;
SW1, a high water level switch of the steam generator; SW2, steam generator low water level switch; SW3, a high water level switch of the drainage tank; SW4, a low water level switch of the pure water tank; SW5, a low water level switch of the cold water tank;
F2, a water inlet control valve of the vacuum pump; f3, a water inlet valve of the drainage tank;
v3, an interlayer exhaust control valve; v8, exhaust valve of the tank body; v10, an interlayer drain valve.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those of skill in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in numerous different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that parameters such as "set temperature", "set pressure", "upper pulsation limit" and the like are specified or defined with reference to the related art, and the present invention is not limited in particular.
The terms "upper", "lower", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 1, with the position of the inner chamber 1 being up and the position of the steam generator 5 being down. The above orientation or positional relationship is merely for convenience in describing embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include both the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In order to simplify the disclosure of embodiments of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed.
Example 1
A sterilizer meeting biological requirements, see fig. 1, comprises a steam generator 5, a shell, a tank 3 and a pipeline system.
The housing is preferably of a horizontal circular jacketed construction. Specifically, an inner chamber 1 capable of containing sterilized articles is arranged in the shell, a sandwich cavity 2 is arranged between the inner chamber 1 and the shell, and the shell and the inner chamber 1 are preferably made of 316L stainless steel. In order to preserve heat and avoid high-temperature scalding caused by contact with the shell, the outer surface of the shell is also provided with a heat-preserving material, which can be aluminum silicate cotton, for example. The thickness of the heat insulating material is not particularly required, and the surface temperature of the shell is not more than 60 ℃. In this example, the thickness of the insulating material was 20mm. An interlayer temperature sensor T1 and an interlayer pressure sensor P1 are provided in the interlayer cavity 2. The inner chamber 1 is provided with an inner chamber pressure sensor P2, an inner chamber temperature sensor T2, an inner chamber movable temperature sensor T5, an inner chamber pressure gauge Y2 and an inner chamber safety valve AQF2, wherein the inner chamber temperature sensor T2 is positioned at an outlet at the bottom of the inner chamber 1.
The tank 3 has a hollow cavity in which a cooling device 4 is arranged, the cooling device 4 preferably being a condensing coil. The tank 3 is cooled by passing cooling water through the condensing coil. A tank temperature sensor T3 and a tank pressure sensor P3 are also arranged in the tank 3.
The pipe system comprises an interlayer steam inlet pipe 21 for communicating the steam generator 5 with the interlayer cavity 2, an inner chamber steam inlet pipe 11 for communicating the interlayer cavity 2 with the inner chamber 1, an inner chamber steam outlet pipe 12 for communicating the inner chamber 1 with the tank 3, an interlayer water inlet pipe 22 for introducing cooling water into the interlayer cavity 2, a cooling device water inlet pipe 41 for introducing cooling water into the cooling device 4 and a cooling device water outlet pipe 42 for discharging water in the condensing device. In other embodiments, the inner chamber steam inlet 11 may also be connected to the steam generator 5 and the inner chamber 1. Wherein, the interlayer steam inlet pipe 21 is provided with an interlayer steam inlet control valve 24, the inner chamber steam inlet pipe 11 is provided with an inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14, the inner chamber steam outlet pipe 12 is provided with an inner chamber steam outlet control valve 13, the interlayer water inlet pipe 22 is provided with an interlayer water inlet control valve 23, and the cooling device water inlet pipe 41 is provided with a cooling device water inlet control valve 43. When the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the interlayer water inlet control valve 23 and the cooling device water inlet control valve 43 are in a closed state, the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve 13 is in an open state, the interlayer steam inlet control valve 24 and the inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14 are intermittently opened, steam is introduced into the interlayer cavity 2, the inner chamber 1 and the tank body 3, so that the inner chamber is kept within a set temperature and a set pressure range, and articles to be sterilized are sterilized; when the sterilizer is in the cooling stage, the interlayer steam inlet control valve 24 and the inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14 are in a closed state, and the interlayer water inlet control valve 23, the cooling device water inlet control valve 43 and the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve 13 are in an open state, and cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity 2 and the cooling device 4, so that the inner chamber 1 is slowly cooled.
According to the design of the sterilization tank, in the first aspect, the cooling stage does not need to exhaust steam outwards, and the cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity 2 and the cooling device 4 to reduce the temperature of the inner chamber 1 and the tank body 3, so that the steam is converted into water, the pressure in the inner chamber 1 and the tank body 3 is slowly reduced, and the risk that the pressure is reduced too quickly due to direct outward steam exhaust, and then the liquid product boils and overflows or bursts is avoided. In the second aspect, the steam is converted into water to be stored in the tank body 3 after being cooled, so that the steam is very convenient to process for articles with biological requirements, the loss of the filter on the vacuumizing tube 33 caused by direct discharge is avoided, the service life of the filter is prolonged, and the use cost of the sterilizer is reduced. In the third aspect, in the sterilization stage, by enabling the inner chamber 1 to be communicated with the tank body 3, and meanwhile, the high-temperature condensed water generated in the inner chamber 1 is discharged into the tank body 3, the temperature and the pressure of the inner chamber 1 can be maintained, so that no water exists in the inner chamber 1 and no temperature dead angle exists, and the sterilization effect is improved.
Further, an inner chamber exhaust pipe 12 is connected to an outlet at the bottom of the inner chamber 1. So arranged, when water is produced in the internal chamber 1, the water can flow under gravity directly into the tank 3 through the internal chamber exhaust pipe 12.
To further avoid the situation that the pressure drop in the inner chamber 1 is too fast, which would lead to boiling-over of the liquid product, the pipe system further comprises a compressed gas inlet pipe 15 for communicating the compressed gas source a with the inner chamber 1. In the cooling stage, compressed gas is introduced into the inner chamber 1 by opening the compressed gas inlet pipe 15, so that the pressure of the inner chamber 1 is always kept above the liquid evaporation critical point. Specifically, the compressed gas intake pipe 15 is provided with a compressed gas control valve 16, and a certain amount of compressed gas is introduced into the inner chamber 1 by controlling the opening or closing of the compressed gas control valve 16. Compressed gas includes, but is not limited to, compressed air.
In order to ensure sterility of the incoming compressed gas, the inlet end of the compressed gas inlet pipe 15 is further provided with a first filter 17 for aseptic filtration. The first filter 17 is an air filter, and can filter out bacteria and impurities in the compressed gas. The filter element adopts a hydrophobic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microporous filter membrane, and the filter precision is not less than 0.2 mu m. In this example, the filtration accuracy was 0.2. Mu.m.
The pipe system further comprises a tank steam inlet pipe 31 for communicating the steam generator 5 with the tank 3. After the cooling is finished, steam is introduced into the tank 3 by opening the tank steam inlet pipe 31, so that the tank 3 can be subjected to secondary sterilization. Thus, when the sterilized article has biological requirements, the sterilized article can be directly discharged through secondary sterilization without using a filter. Further, the tank steam inlet pipe 31 is provided with a tank steam inlet control valve 32, and when the temperature is reduced, the tank 3 can be sterilized secondarily by making the inner chamber steam outlet control valve 13, the interlayer water inlet control valve 23 and the cooling device water inlet control valve 43 in a closed state and the tank steam inlet control valve 32 in an open state.
The pipeline system further comprises a vacuumizing tube 33 communicated with the tank body 3, and a second filter 34, a vacuumizing control valve 35 and a vacuum pump 36 are sequentially arranged on the vacuumizing tube 33 along the air outlet direction of the vacuumizing tube 33. The second filter 34 is an air filter, which is the same as the first filter 17 and is not described in detail herein. The vacuum pump 36 is preferably a water ring vacuum pump which is communicated with the cooling water source B through a vacuum pump water inlet pipe, a vacuum pump water inlet control valve F2 is arranged on the vacuum pump water inlet pipe, and the vacuum pump water inlet control valve F2 is preferably an electromagnetic valve.
The pipeline system further comprises a steam generator water inlet pipe 51 for communicating a water source with the steam generator 5, and a water filter 52, a second booster pump 53 and a steam generator water inlet control valve 54 are sequentially arranged on the steam generator water inlet pipe 51 along the water inlet direction of the steam generator water inlet pipe 51.
The steam generator 5 is located below the sandwich chamber 2. By arranging the steam generator 5 below the interlayer cavity 2, high-temperature condensate water in the interlayer cavity 2 can flow back to the steam generator 5 conveniently, and water and energy are saved. The steam generator 5 is provided with a steam generator high water level switch SW1, a steam generator low water level switch SW2, a steam generator pressure sensor P4, a steam generator pressure gauge Y1, a steam generator safety valve AQF1, a steam generator air release valve QF5 and a steam generator drain pipe, wherein the steam generator drain pipe is used for steam generator drain E, and a steam generator drain valve is arranged on the steam generator drain pipe.
The sterilizer further comprises a pure water tank 8, the inlet of the pure water tank 8 is communicated with a pure water source C, a pure water tank water outlet valve QF1 and a pure water tank filter SGL1 are sequentially arranged on a lateral outlet pipeline of the pure water tank 8, and a steam generator water inlet pipe 51 is connected to the lateral outlet pipeline of the pure water tank 8. The bottom outlet of the pure water tank 8 is provided with a pure water tank drain valve QF2. The pure water tank 8 is internally provided with a pure water tank ball float valve FQF1 and a pure water tank low water level switch SW4.
The sterilizer further comprises a cold water tank 7, a cold water tank filter SGL2 is arranged at the inlet of the cold water tank 7, the cold water tank filter SGL2 is communicated with a cooling water source B, and a cold water tank water outlet valve QF3 and a first booster pump 25 are sequentially arranged on a lateral outlet pipeline of the cold water tank 7. The interlayer water inlet pipe 22 and the cooling device water outlet pipe 42 are connected to the outlet ends of the side outlet pipes of the cold water tank 7, respectively. The bottom of the cold water tank 7 is provided with a cold water tank drain valve QF4, and the cold water tank 7 is internally provided with a cold water tank float valve FQF2 and a cold water tank low water level switch SW5.
The sterilizer further comprises a drainage tank 6, a drainage tank temperature sensor T4 and a drainage tank high water level switch SW3 are arranged on the drainage tank 6, and a total drainage port D of the drainage tank 6 can be connected with a drainage system. In this embodiment, the drain tank 6 has an open structure.
Further, the tank body 3 is respectively communicated with the drainage tank 6 through a tank body drain pipe and a tank body exhaust pipe, after the tank body 3 is sterilized for the second time, water and gas in the tank body 3 can be respectively discharged to the drainage tank 6 through the tank body drain pipe and the tank body exhaust pipe, wherein a tank body exhaust valve V8 is arranged on the tank body exhaust pipe. The interlayer cavity 2 is respectively communicated with the drainage box 6 through an interlayer drainage pipe and an interlayer exhaust pipe, an interlayer drainage valve V10 is arranged on the interlayer drainage pipe, and an interlayer exhaust control valve V3 is arranged on the interlayer exhaust pipe. In order to avoid overhigh temperature of the drainage box 6, the invention also provides a drainage box water inlet pipe for communicating the cooling water source B with the drainage box 6, the drainage box water inlet pipe is provided with a drainage box water inlet valve F3, and the drainage box water inlet valve F3 is an electromagnetic valve.
In this embodiment, the steam generator water inlet control valve 54, the interlayer steam inlet control valve 24, the interlayer exhaust control valve V3, the inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14, the inner chamber exhaust control valve 13, the vacuum pumping control valve 35, the tank steam inlet control valve 32, the tank exhaust valve, the interlayer water inlet control valve 23, the interlayer drain valve V10 and the compressed gas control valve 16 are all pneumatic angle seat valves and are respectively connected with the compressed gas inlet pipe 15.
A control method of a sterilizer, comprising the steps of:
s1, in a heating stage, starting a steam generator 5, opening an interlayer steam inlet pipe 21 and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe 11, and introducing steam into the inner chamber 1 and the interlayer cavity 2 to enable the inner chamber 1 to rise to a set temperature and a set pressure;
S2, in a sterilization stage, controlling the on-off of an interlayer steam inlet pipe 21 and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe 11 to keep the temperature and the pressure of the inner chamber 1 within a set range, opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe 12, and introducing water generated in the inner chamber 1 into a tank body 3 to ensure that no water accumulation exists at the bottom of the inner chamber 1;
S3, in the cooling stage, the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe 12 is kept open, the interlayer steam inlet pipe 21 and the inner chamber steam inlet pipe 11 are disconnected, the steam is stopped from being introduced into the inner chamber 1 and the interlayer cavity 2, the interlayer water inlet pipe 22 and the cooling device water inlet pipe 41 are opened, cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity 2 and the cooling device 4, the steam in the inner chamber 1 is gradually cooled and converted into water, and the pressure of the inner chamber 1 is slowly reduced.
In some specific and preferred embodiments, the control method of the sterilizer comprises the steps of:
(1) Preheating: starting a steam generator 5, opening an interlayer steam admission control valve 24, and introducing steam into the interlayer cavity 2 until the pressure in the interlayer cavity 2 reaches a set range;
(2) Pulsating vacuum phase: starting a vacuum pump 36, opening an inner chamber steam exhaust control valve 13 and a vacuumizing control valve 35, vacuumizing the inner chamber 1 and the tank 3 to a lower limit value or a limit value, opening an inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14, introducing steam into the inner chamber 1, and boosting the inner chamber 1 to a pulsation upper limit; repeating the steps for several times until reaching the set value, and closing the vacuumizing control valve 35 and the vacuum pump 36;
(3) And (3) a temperature and pressure raising stage: the inner chamber steam admission control valve 14, the interlayer steam admission control valve 24 and the inner chamber exhaust control valve 13 are kept open, so that the inner chamber 1 is raised to a set temperature and a set pressure;
(4) And (3) sterilization stage: the inner chamber steam admission control valve 14 and the interlayer steam admission control valve 24 are selectively opened to sterilize at a set temperature and a set pressure;
(5) And (3) a cooling stage: closing the inner chamber steam inlet control valve 14 and the interlayer steam inlet control valve 24, opening the interlayer water inlet control valve 23 and the cooling device water inlet control valve 43 to cool the inner chamber 1, opening the compressed gas control valve 16 if necessary, and introducing compressed gas into the inner chamber 1;
(6) And (3) a secondary sterilization stage: closing the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve 13, the interlayer water inlet control valve 23 and the cooling device water inlet control valve 43, opening the tank steam inlet control valve 32, introducing steam into the tank 3, raising the temperature and the pressure of the tank 3 to a specific temperature and a specific pressure, and performing secondary sterilization at the temperature and the pressure;
(7) And (3) cooling and draining: closing the tank steam inlet control valve 32, opening the cooling device water inlet control valve 43, introducing cooling water into the cooling device 4, closing the cooling device water inlet control valve 43 after the tank 3 is cooled to a certain temperature, opening the interlayer gas exhaust control valve V3 and the interlayer drain valve V10 until water in the tank 3 is discharged, and closing the interlayer gas exhaust control valve V3 and the interlayer drain valve V10;
(8) And (3) vacuum drying: starting a vacuum pump 36, opening an inner chamber exhaust control valve 13 and a vacuumizing control valve 35, vacuumizing the inner chamber 1 to the limit, keeping until the drying time is up, and closing the vacuum pump 36 and the vacuumizing control valve 35;
(9) And (3) a return air stage: the compressed gas control valve 16 is opened to supply compressed gas to the inner chamber 1, thereby allowing the pressure in the inner chamber 1 to reach zero.
The present invention has been described in detail with the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the same, but not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a sterilizer, includes steam generator and casing, be equipped with the inner chamber that can hold sterilization article in the casing, the inner chamber with be equipped with intermediate layer chamber between the casing, its characterized in that: the sterilizer further comprises a tank body and a pipeline system, wherein a cooling device is arranged in the tank body;
the pipeline system comprises an interlayer steam inlet pipe which is used for communicating the steam generator and the interlayer cavity;
An inner chamber steam inlet pipe for communicating the steam generator or the interlayer cavity with the inner chamber;
the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is used for communicating the inner chamber with the tank body, the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the inner chamber, an inner chamber steam exhaust control valve is arranged on the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the inner chamber steam exhaust control valve is in an open state, so that water generated in the inner chamber automatically flows into the tank body;
the interlayer water inlet pipe is used for introducing cooling water into the interlayer cavity;
The cooling device water inlet pipe is used for introducing cooling water into the cooling device;
The compressed gas inlet pipe is used for communicating a compressed gas source with the inner chamber;
The sterilizer further comprises an interlayer water inlet control valve arranged on the interlayer water inlet pipe, a cooling device water inlet control valve arranged on the cooling device water inlet pipe and a compressed gas control valve arranged on the compressed gas inlet pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the interlayer water inlet control valve and the cooling device water inlet control valve are in a closed state; when the sterilizer is in a cooling stage, steam is not discharged outwards, the interlayer water inlet control valve and the cooling device water inlet control valve are in an open state, cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the cooling device to cool the inner chamber, so that the pressure of the inner chamber is gradually reduced, the temperature of the inner chamber and the tank body is reduced, steam in the inner chamber is converted into water, and the compressed gas control valve is selectively opened, so that the pressure of the inner chamber is always kept above a liquid evaporation critical point.
2. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the compressed gas inlet pipe is provided with a first filter for sterilization and filtration.
3. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline system further comprises a tank steam inlet pipe used for communicating the steam generator and the tank, a tank steam inlet control valve is arranged on the tank steam inlet pipe, when the temperature reduction of the sterilizer is finished, an inner chamber steam exhaust control valve on the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is in a closed state and the tank steam inlet control valve is in an open state, and steam is introduced into the tank for secondary sterilization.
4. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline system further comprises a vacuumizing pipe communicated with the tank body, a second filter, a vacuumizing control valve and a vacuum pump are sequentially arranged on the vacuumizing pipe along the air outlet direction of the vacuumizing pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage or a cooling stage, the vacuumizing control valve is in a closed state.
5. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: and a first booster pump is arranged on the interlayer water inlet pipe and/or the cooling device water inlet pipe.
6. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the cooling device is a condensing coil, a water inlet of the condensing coil is connected with a water inlet pipe of the cooling device, and a water outlet of the condensing coil is connected with a condensing device drain pipe for draining water.
7. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline system further comprises a steam generator water inlet pipe used for communicating a water source with the steam generator, and a water filter, a second booster pump and a steam generator water inlet control valve are sequentially arranged on the steam generator water inlet pipe along the water inlet direction of the steam generator water inlet pipe; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The steam generator is positioned below the interlayer cavity.
8. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: an inner chamber steam inlet control valve is arranged on the inner chamber steam inlet pipe, an interlayer steam inlet control valve is arranged on the interlayer steam inlet pipe, and when the sterilizer is in a sterilization stage, the inner chamber steam inlet control valve and the interlayer steam inlet control valve are intermittently opened so as to keep the pressure and the temperature of the inner chamber within a set range; when the sterilizer is in a cooling stage, the inner chamber steam inlet control valve and the interlayer steam inlet control valve are in a closed state.
9. The sterilizer of claim 1, wherein: the sterilizer further comprises a drainage box, and the drainage box is communicated with the tank body through a tank body drainage pipe.
10. A method for controlling a sterilizer, comprising the steps of: the sterilizer of any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method comprising the steps of:
s1, in a heating stage, starting a steam generator, opening an interlayer steam inlet pipe and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, and introducing steam into the inner chamber and an interlayer cavity to enable the inner chamber to rise to a set temperature and a set pressure;
S2, in a sterilization stage, controlling the on-off of an interlayer steam inlet pipe and an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, keeping the temperature and the pressure of the inner chamber within a set range, opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, and introducing water generated in the inner chamber into a tank body, so that no water accumulation exists at the bottom of the inner chamber;
S3, in the cooling stage, the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe is kept open, the interlayer steam inlet pipe and the inner chamber steam inlet pipe are disconnected, the steam is stopped to be introduced into the inner chamber and the interlayer cavity, the interlayer water inlet pipe and the cooling device water inlet pipe are opened, cooling water is introduced into the interlayer cavity and the cooling device, so that the steam in the inner chamber is gradually cooled and converted into water, and the pressure of the inner chamber is gradually reduced.
11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: the control method further comprises the step of selectively opening a compressed gas inlet pipe in step S3, and introducing gas into the inner chamber so as to keep the pressure of the inner chamber above a liquid evaporation critical point.
12. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: the control method further comprises the steps of disconnecting the inner chamber steam exhaust pipe, the interlayer water inlet pipe and the cooling device water inlet pipe after the cooling stage is finished, opening the tank steam inlet pipe, introducing steam into the tank, and performing secondary sterilization on the tank.
13. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: the control method further comprises the steps of opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe and a vacuumizing pipe before the heating stage starts, vacuumizing the inner chamber and the tank body to a lower limit value or a limit value, opening an inner chamber steam inlet pipe, introducing steam into the inner chamber, and boosting the inner chamber to a pulsation upper limit value; repeating the steps for a plurality of times; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The control method further comprises the steps of opening an inner chamber steam exhaust pipe and a vacuumizing pipe after the cooling stage is finished, and vacuumizing the inner chamber and the tank body to dry the inner chamber; and after the drying is finished, the vacuumizing control valve is closed, the compressed gas inlet pipe is opened, and gas is introduced into the inner chamber until the pressure of the inner chamber reaches zero pressure.
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