CN116642600A - Three-dimensional fire simulation test device and test method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional fire simulation test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116642600A CN116642600A CN202310615604.6A CN202310615604A CN116642600A CN 116642600 A CN116642600 A CN 116642600A CN 202310615604 A CN202310615604 A CN 202310615604A CN 116642600 A CN116642600 A CN 116642600A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021407 M-carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional fire simulation test device and a test method, wherein the three-dimensional fire simulation test device comprises a combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, an ignition device and a data acquisition device, wherein the ignition end of the ignition device is connected with a combustion part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, the data acquisition end of the data acquisition device is connected with each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, and the fire extinguishing agent output end of a tested fire extinguishing system is distributed on the periphery of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device. The invention can provide powerful support for researching fire characteristics of the stereoscopic warehouse, evaluating the performance of the fire extinguishing system and formulating corresponding safety measures. By the application of the intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouse, the safe operation of the intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouse can be better ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire test device, in particular to a three-dimensional fire simulation test device and a three-dimensional fire simulation test method.
Background
With the rapid development of the dangerous chemical storage logistics industry, an intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouse has become an effective means for improving the intrinsic safety of the dangerous chemical industry. However, the design of high-efficiency automatic fire extinguishing systems for intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouses still lacks standards. Most of the existing fire tests are aimed at plane fires and are not suitable for simulating fire conditions in a stereoscopic warehouse.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional fire simulation test device and a three-dimensional fire simulation test method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
the three-dimensional fire simulation test device comprises a combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, an ignition device and a data acquisition device, wherein the ignition end of the ignition device is connected with a combustion part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, the data acquisition end of the data acquisition device is connected with each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, and the fire extinguishing agent output end of a tested fire extinguishing system is distributed on the periphery of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device.
The combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device comprises a three-dimensional goods shelf, a combustible liquid storage container, a liquid fuel conveying pump, a storage container outlet ball valve, an open fuel combustion tank, a fuel supply flowmeter, a fuel supply electromagnetic valve, a combustible liquid vertical flowing carrier, a control system power supply and an experiment control system, wherein the open fuel combustion tank is arranged at the upper end of the three-dimensional goods shelf, an outlet of the combustible liquid storage container is connected with an inlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump through the storage container outlet ball valve, an outlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump is connected with an inlet of the open fuel combustion tank, a power output end of the control system power supply is connected with a power input end of the experiment control system, a signal output end of the fuel supply flowmeter is connected with a signal input end of the experiment control system, a control signal output end of the experiment control system is respectively connected with the liquid fuel conveying pump and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve, an outlet of the open fuel combustion tank is connected with an inlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump through the fuel supply electromagnetic valve, an outlet of the combustible liquid storage tank is connected with an inlet of the liquid fuel conveying carrier through the fuel supply flowmeter, an outlet of the fuel conveying pump is connected with an inlet of the fuel carrier, a fuel supply device is sequentially arranged at one side of the vertical flowing carrier, which is close to the fire extinguishing carrier, and the fire-extinguishing device is arranged at one side of the vertical flowing carrier, which is arranged on the vertical carrier and is arranged at one side of the vertical side of the fire-extinguishing device.
The lower end of the three-dimensional shelf is positioned below the combustible liquid vertical flowing carrier and is provided with a liquid receiving combustion disc. The combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device is arranged in the test platform.
The ignition device comprises an ignition control power supply assembly, an ignition head deconcentrator, a quick-connection type wire connector and an electronic ignition head, wherein an ignition signal output end of the ignition control power supply assembly is connected with the electronic ignition head through the quick-connection type wire connector and the electronic ignition head respectively, and the electronic ignition head is arranged at the upper end of the open fuel combustion tank and the lower end of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier respectively.
The data acquisition device comprises a data analysis computer, a plurality of multichannel data acquisition instruments and thermocouples, wherein the thermocouples are uniformly distributed in multiple layers of the three-dimensional shelf, the thermocouples are close to the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier, the signal output ends of the thermocouples are connected with the signal input ends of the multichannel data acquisition instruments, and the signal output ends of the multichannel data acquisition instruments are connected with the data analysis computer.
The test method of the three-dimensional fire simulation test device comprises the following steps:
s1: an electronic ignition head of an ignition device is arranged on the liquid receiving combustion disk and the open fuel combustion tank;
s2: starting a data acquisition device;
s3: opening a ball valve at an outlet of a storage container of the combustible liquid, starting a liquid fuel delivery pump through an experiment control system, and delivering the combustible liquid to an open fuel combustion tank at the top of a three-dimensional shelf;
s4: when the liquid level in the open fuel combustion tank reaches more than 2/3 of the height, starting a fuel supply electromagnetic valve through an experiment control system to enable the combustible liquid to flow downwards along a combustible liquid vertical flow carrier, and keeping the liquid level of the open fuel combustion tank basically stable during the period;
s5: when the liquid level of the liquid receiving combustion disk at the ground reaches more than 2/3 of the height, starting an ignition device to ignite combustible liquid, and rapidly forming a three-dimensional fire disaster;
s6: when the method is used for researching the three-dimensional fire characteristics of combustible liquid, the burning time is selected according to the requirement, when the test is finished, the liquid fuel delivery pump is closed through the experiment control system, the fuel supply is stopped, the flame is extinguished, the temperature-time curve and the heat flux-time curve are recorded, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated;
s7: when the method is used for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing system, the fire extinguishing system to be tested is started after the fire is burned for 30s-180s according to the test requirement, after the flame is extinguished, the liquid fuel delivery pump and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve are closed through the experiment control system, the temperature-time curve and the heat flux density-time curve are recorded, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable technical effects:
simulating a stereoscopic warehouse fire: the device provided by the invention can simulate the situation that the leakage of combustible liquid in the stereoscopic warehouse causes a fire disaster. By simulating the real fire scene, the characteristics of the stereoscopic warehouse fire can be better researched, the performance of the fire extinguishing system can be evaluated, and corresponding safety measures can be formulated.
Data acquisition and analysis: the device is provided with a data acquisition device, and can acquire the data of each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device in real time. The data can be used for analyzing key parameters such as fire processes, flame behaviors, combustion characteristics and the like, and provides basis for the design and optimization of a fire extinguishing system.
Fire extinguishing system evaluation: the fire extinguishing agent output end of the fire extinguishing system to be tested is distributed at each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device. Thus, the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing agent on the fire source can be observed in real time, and the performance and feasibility of the fire extinguishing system can be evaluated.
In summary, the invention provides a test device and a test method capable of simulating a stereoscopic warehouse fire, which can provide powerful support for researching the stereoscopic warehouse fire characteristics, evaluating the fire extinguishing system performance and formulating corresponding safety measures. By the application of the intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouse, the safe operation of the intelligent dangerous chemical stereoscopic warehouse can be better ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spray head arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a test warehouse of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional fire temperature change curve (fire extinguishing is performed after 60 seconds of combustion) according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plot of carbon dioxide concentration in a warehouse according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a three-dimensional fire temperature change curve according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: the fire extinguishing agent discharging device comprises a three-dimensional shelf 1, a combustible liquid storage container 2, a liquid fuel delivery pump 3, a storage container outlet ball valve 4, an open fuel combustion tank 5, a fuel supply flowmeter 6, a fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7, a combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8, an ignition control power supply assembly 9, an ignition head deconcentrator 10, a quick-connection wire connector 11, an electronic ignition head 12, a control system power supply 13, an experiment control system 14, a data analysis computer 15, a multi-channel data acquisition instrument 16, a test platform 17, a fire extinguishing agent supply device 18, a spray head 19, a thermocouple 20 and a liquid receiving combustion disc 21.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the invention are for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1-3: the three-dimensional fire simulation test device comprises a combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, an ignition device and a data acquisition device, wherein the ignition end of the ignition device is connected with a combustion part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, the data acquisition end of the data acquisition device is connected with each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, and the fire extinguishing agent output end of a tested fire extinguishing system is distributed on the periphery of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device.
The combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device comprises a three-dimensional goods shelf 1, a combustible liquid storage container 2, a liquid fuel conveying pump 3, a storage container outlet ball valve 4, an open fuel combustion tank 5, a fuel supply flowmeter 6, a fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7, a combustible liquid vertical flowing carrier 8, a control system power supply 13 and an experiment control system 14, wherein the open fuel combustion tank 5 is arranged at the upper end of the three-dimensional goods shelf 1, the outlet of the combustible liquid storage container 2 is connected with the inlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump 3 through the storage container outlet ball valve 4, the outlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump 3 is connected with the inlet of the open fuel combustion tank 5, the power output end of the control system power supply 13 is connected with the power input end of the experiment control system 14, the signal output end of the fuel supply flowmeter 6 is connected with the signal input end of the experiment control system 14, the control signal output end of the experiment control system 14 is respectively connected with the liquid fuel conveying pump 3 and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7, the outlet of the combustible liquid storage container 2 is sequentially connected with the fuel carrier 8 through the fuel supply flowmeter 6 and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7 at the position near the vertical flowing carrier 1, the vertical flowing carrier device is arranged at the position near the three-dimensional flowing carrier 8, the fire extinguishing agent output end of the fire extinguishing system to be tested is distributed above the open fuel combustion tank 5 and on one side of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8.
The lower end of the three-dimensional shelf 1 is positioned below the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8 and is provided with a liquid receiving combustion disc 21. The combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device is arranged in the test platform 17.
The ignition device comprises an ignition control power supply assembly 9, an ignition head deconcentrator 10, a quick-connection wire connector 11 and an electronic ignition head 12, wherein an ignition signal output end of the ignition control power supply assembly 9 is connected with the two electronic ignition heads 12 through the two quick-connection wire connectors 11 and the two electronic ignition heads 12 respectively, and the two electronic ignition heads 12 are arranged at the upper end of the open fuel combustion tank 5 and the lower end of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8 respectively.
The data acquisition device comprises a data analysis computer 15, a plurality of multi-channel data acquisition instruments 16 and thermocouples 20, wherein the thermocouples 20 are distributed on multiple layers of the three-dimensional shelf 1 uniformly, the thermocouples 20 are close to the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8, the signal output ends of the thermocouples 20 are connected with the signal input ends of the multi-channel data acquisition instruments 16, and the signal output ends of the multi-channel data acquisition instruments 16 are connected with the data analysis computer 15.
The fire extinguishing system to be tested is shown in fig. 3, and is composed of a fire extinguishing agent supply device 18 and spray heads 19, wherein the fire extinguishing agent output end of the fire extinguishing agent supply device 18 is connected with the spray heads 19, the spray heads 19 are multiple, the spray heads 19 are respectively arranged above the open fuel combustion tank 5, on the side face of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8 and above the liquid receiving combustion disc 21, and are used for spraying fire extinguishing agent, controlling the combustion scale or stopping combustion, and guaranteeing the safety of the test. The fire extinguishing system under test may also be other fire extinguishing systems.
The test method of the three-dimensional fire simulation test device comprises the following steps:
s1: an electronic ignition head 12 of an ignition device is arranged on the liquid receiving combustion disk 21 and the open fuel combustion tank 5;
s2: starting a data acquisition device;
s3: opening a ball valve 4 at the outlet of the combustible liquid storage container 2, starting a liquid fuel delivery pump 3 through an experiment control system 14, and delivering the combustible liquid to an open fuel combustion tank 5 at the top of the three-dimensional shelf 1;
s4: when the liquid level in the open fuel combustion tank 5 reaches more than 2/3 of the height, the fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7 is started by the experiment control system 14, so that the combustible liquid flows downwards along the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8, and the liquid level of the open fuel combustion tank 5 is kept basically stable during the period;
s5: when the liquid level of the liquid receiving combustion disc 21 at the ground reaches more than 2/3 of the height, starting an ignition device to ignite combustible liquid, and rapidly forming a three-dimensional fire disaster;
s6: when the method is used for researching the three-dimensional fire characteristics of combustible liquid, the burning time is selected according to the requirement, when the test is finished, the liquid fuel delivery pump 3 is closed through the experiment control system 14, the fuel supply is stopped, the temperature-time curve and the heat flux-time curve are recorded after the combustion is finished, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated;
s7: when the method is used for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing system, the fire extinguishing system to be tested is started after burning for 30s-180s according to test requirements, after the flame is extinguished, the liquid fuel delivery pump 3 and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7 are closed through the experiment control system 14, a temperature-time curve and a heat flux density-time curve are recorded, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated.
In the test, the liquid fuel delivery pump 3 is started by the test control system 14, the combustible liquid in the combustible liquid storage container 2 is delivered to the open fuel combustion tank 5 on the three-dimensional shelf 1, and when the liquid level reaches a certain height, the fuel supply electromagnetic valve 7 at the outlet of the open fuel combustion tank 5 is started by the test control system 14, so that the combustible liquid flows along the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8 to the liquid receiving combustion disk 21 arranged on the ground. The combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8 can have two structures, namely, aluminum silicate fiber cotton is uniformly bundled on the surface of a round steel pipe, and the other structure is a bare and flat steel plate, and the experiment control system 14 can display the combustible liquid conveying flow in real time according to the data of the fuel supply flowmeter 6.
When the ignition device is tested, the electronic ignition head 12 is arranged on the liquid surface of the liquid receiving combustion disc 21 and the open fuel combustion tank 5, and the ignition control power supply assembly 9 is started to ignite the combustible liquid, so that the combustible liquid spreads and a three-dimensional fire disaster is formed rapidly. The electronic ignition head 12 can be a disposable article and is connected by adopting the quick-connection type wire connector 11, so that the quick-connection type wire connector is convenient to replace quickly.
When the data acquisition device is used for testing the flame temperature of the three-dimensional fire, the thermocouple 20 is arranged on the surfaces of the open fuel combustion tank 5, the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier 8, the liquid receiving combustion disk 21 and the like, the flame spreading speed is calculated according to a plurality of temperature measuring points with known intervals, and the combustion intensity of the three-dimensional fire is measured by the heat flow densimeter.
Examples: and evaluating the fire extinguishing effect of the tested fire extinguishing system adopting carbon dioxide on the combustible liquid fire of the stereoscopic warehouse by using the stereoscopic fire simulation test device.
Test warehouse model:
the plan view of the test warehouse is shown in fig. 5, the size of the test warehouse is 12100mm multiplied by 6500mm multiplied by 20000mm, the outer wall of the warehouse adopts a calcium silicate board, the roof adopts a rock wool color steel sandwich board, and the four side outer walls are respectively provided with an automatic pressure relief device at 17m away from the ground.
The system pipe network arrangement scheme comprises the following steps:
the design and selection of the pipe network and the spray heads of the fire extinguishing system to be tested by adopting the carbon dioxide are comprehensively considered according to the spatial characteristics of a warehouse, the design and the fire extinguishing concentration of stored articles and the like.
(1) Design consumption of fire extinguishing system to be tested by adopting carbon dioxide and pipe network calculation
According to the specification of national standard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system design Specification GB 50193-93 (2010 edition), the design consumption of a fire extinguishing system to be tested adopting carbon dioxide and pipe network calculation should be calculated according to the following formula:
1) Carbon dioxide total flooding design dosage:
M＝K b (K 1 A+K 2 V)
A＝A v +30A 0
V＝V v -V g
in which M-carbon dioxide is used in an amount (kg)
K b Substance coefficient
K 1 Area coefficient (kg/m) 2 ) 0.2kg/m 2
K 2 Volume coefficient (kg/m) 3 ) 0.7kg/m 3
A-reduced area (m) 2 )
A v The total area (m) of the inner side, bottom, top (including the openings therein) of the guard region 2 )
A 0 Total area of openings (m 2 )
Net volume of V-guard zone (m 3 )
V v -guard zone volume (m 3 )
V g Total volume of non-combustible and refractory bodies in the guard zone (m 3 )
2) Area of pressure relief vent
Wherein: a is that x Relief vent area (m 2 )
Q t Carbon dioxide injection Rate (kg/min)
P t -allowable pressure of envelope (P a )
3) Injection rate per unit volume of carbon dioxide:
wherein: q v Injection rate per unit volume [ kg/(min/m) 3 )]
A t -assumed enclosure side enclosure cover area (m 2 )
A p The area (m) of the actual enclosure cover, such as a solid wall, present in the hypothetical enclosure 2 )
4) Design flow rate of main pipe
Q＝M/t
Wherein: design flow of Q-pipe (kg/min)
5) Branch pipe design flow:
wherein: n (N) g -number of nozzles installed downstream of the calculation branch flow
Q i Design flow rate (kg/min) of the individual nozzle
6) Inner diameter of pipeline
Wherein: d-inner diameter of pipeline (mm)
K d -pipe diameter coefficient, value range 1.41-3.78
7) Pipeline pressure drop
Wherein: d-inner diameter of pipeline (mm)
L-pipe section calculation Length (m)
Y-pressure coefficient (MPa kg/m 3)
Z-density coefficient
8) Delay time
Wherein: t is t d Delay time(s)
M g -pipeline quality (kg)
C p Specific heat of pipe metal material [ kJ/(kg. Degree centigrade)]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The steel pipe can be 0.46 kJ/(kg. DEG C)
T 1 -average temperature of the pipeline before carbon dioxide injection (c);
T 2 -carbon dioxide average temperature (°c); taking at-20.6deg.C
V d -pipe volume (m 3 )
9) Equivalent orifice area of spray head
F＝Q i /q 0
Wherein: f-spray equivalent orifice area (mm) 2 )
q 0 Injection rate per unit area of equivalent orifice [ kg/(min.mm) 2 )]
10 Storage amount of carbon dioxide
M c ＝K m M+M v +M s +M r
M r ＝∑V i ρ i (Low pressure System)
Wherein: m is M c Carbon dioxide inventory (kg)
K m -a margin coefficient; taking 1 for a total flooding system; applying coefficients to the local; 1.4 is taken from a high-pressure system, 1.1 is taken from a low pressure system
M v -the amount of carbon dioxide evaporated (kg) in the pipeline; the high-voltage total flooding system takes 0 value
T 2 -carbon dioxide average temperature (°c); the high pressure system takes 15.6 (DEG C) and the low pressure system takes-20.6 (DEG C)
H-latent heat of carbon dioxide evaporation (kJ/kg); 150.7kJ/kg for the high-pressure system and 276.3kJ/kg for the low-pressure system
M s -remaining amount of carbon dioxide (kg) in the storage vessel
M r -a residual quantity of carbon dioxide (kg) inside the pipeline; the high-voltage system takes 0 value
V i Volume (m) of the i-th section of tubing in the network of tubing 3 )
ρ i -average density of carbon dioxide in the ith pipeline (kg/m) 3 )
P i Average pressure (MPa) in the section i
P j-1 -node pressure (MPa) of the first section of the i-th section of pipe
P j -node pressure (MPa) at the end of the section I pipe
11 Number of high pressure system storage vessels
Wherein: n (N) p High-pressure system storage capacity quantity
Alpha-filling factor (kg/L)
V 0 -volume of single storage container (L)
(2) Test pipe network arrangement scheme
According to the specification of annex A of national standard carbon dioxide fire extinguishing System design Specification GB 50193-93 (2010 edition), the carbon dioxide design fire extinguishing concentration of hydrogen is highest in known combustibles, and the fire extinguishing System design is carried out on a warehouse according to the parameters of hydrogen under conservative consideration.
TABLE 1 combustible parameters
| Combustible name: | hydrogen gas |
| Substance coefficient: | 3.3 |
| design concentration (%): | 75 |
| injection time (min): | 1 |
| fire type: | surface fire disaster |
In the vertical direction, the pipe network of the fire extinguishing system to be tested is arranged according to 3 layers, and the concrete steps are as follows:
reference is made to the specifications of the national standard "gas fire extinguishing System design Specification", GB 50370-2005, clause 3.1.12: "the protective height and the protective radius of the spray head should meet the following regulations: the maximum protection height of 1 is not more than 6.5m 4, and the protection radius is not more than 7.5m when the installation height of the spray head is not less than 1.5 m. ", determining a technical carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system installation pipe network as follows:
as shown in FIG. 4, a 5T constant pressure storage type high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device is adopted, fire extinguishing agent is conveyed to a spraying pipe network through a main control valve, the spraying pipe network is divided into three layers, wherein one layer (6.60 m) of spraying heads are 2 DN50 (32#), two layers (13.30 m) of spraying heads are 2 DN50 (32#), and three layers (19.50 m) of spraying heads are 2 DN50 (32#).
TABLE 2 pipe network system parameters
| Total number of spray heads: | 6 |
| total number of nodes: | 24 |
| total number of pipe sections (with nozzle): | 30 |
| ambient temperature of the protected zone (c): | 20 |
| allowed pressure of envelope (kPa): | 1.2 |
TABLE 3 carbon dioxide usage and storage vessel data sheet
| Carbon dioxide design amount M (kg): | 4027.32 |
| total carbon dioxide demand (kg) [ M ]]: | 4027.32 |
| Single container CO 2 The remaining amount Ms (kg): | 0 |
| theoretical storage capacity Mc (kg) [ M+Np ] Ms of fire extinguishing agent]: | 4027.32 |
| Volume V0 (L) of the single storage container: | 70 |
| single bottle drug storage (kg): | 42 |
| filling factor α (kg/L): | 0.6 |
| number of storage containers Np [>＝Mc/(α*V0)]: | 96 |
| Actual storage capacity (kg) of fire extinguishing agent [ Np.v0.alpha ]]: | 4032 |
Table 4 spray head parameter table
TABLE 5 pressure relief vent area
| The area of the pressure relief opening which is required to be additionally arranged is not smaller than (m 2): | 0.88 |
the fuel is ethanol, the fire extinguishing system to be tested is a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, and experimental data are shown in fig. 6 and 7;
the fuel is ethanol and n-heptane, the fire extinguishing system to be tested is a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, and experimental data are shown in fig. 8.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional fire simulation test device is characterized in that: the fire extinguishing agent monitoring device comprises a combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, an ignition device and a data acquisition device, wherein the ignition end of the ignition device is connected with a combustion part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, the data acquisition end of the data acquisition device is connected with each part of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device, and the fire extinguishing agent output end of a tested fire extinguishing system is distributed on the periphery of the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device.
2. The stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulation device comprises a three-dimensional goods shelf (1), a combustible liquid storage container (2), a liquid fuel conveying pump (3), a storage container outlet ball valve (4), an open fuel combustion tank (5), a fuel supply flowmeter (6), a fuel supply electromagnetic valve (7), a combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), a control system power supply (13) and an experiment control system (14), wherein the open fuel combustion tank (5) is arranged at the upper end of the three-dimensional goods shelf (1), the outlet of the combustible liquid storage container (2) is connected with the inlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump (3) through the storage container outlet ball valve (4), the outlet of the liquid fuel conveying pump (3) is connected with the inlet of the open fuel combustion tank (5), the power output end of the control system power supply (13) is connected with the power input end of the experiment control system (14), the signal output end of the fuel supply flowmeter (6) is connected with the signal input end of the experiment control system (14), the control system (14) is connected with the fuel output end of the experiment control system (14) and the liquid fuel conveying pump (7) respectively, the outlet of the open fuel combustion tank (5) sequentially passes through the fuel supply flowmeter (6) and the fuel supply electromagnetic valve (7) to be connected with the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), the ignition end of the ignition device is positioned above the open fuel combustion tank (5) and at the lower end of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), the acquisition end of the data acquisition device is distributed at the positions of multiple layers of the three-dimensional shelf (1) and close to the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), and the fire extinguishing agent output end of the fire extinguishing system to be tested is distributed at one side of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8) above the open fuel combustion tank (5).
3. The stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the three-dimensional goods shelf (1) is positioned below the combustible liquid vertical flowing carrier (8) and is provided with a liquid receiving combustion disc (21).
4. The stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the ignition device comprises an ignition control power supply assembly (9), an ignition head deconcentrator (10), a quick-connection type wire connector (11) and an electronic ignition head (12), wherein an ignition signal output end of the ignition control power supply assembly (9) is connected with the electronic ignition head (12) through the quick-connection type wire connector (11) and the two ignition signal output ends of the ignition head deconcentrator (10) respectively, and the two electronic ignition heads (12) are arranged at the upper end of the open fuel combustion tank (5) and the lower end of the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8) respectively.
5. The stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the data acquisition device comprises a data analysis computer (15), a multi-channel data acquisition instrument (16) and thermocouples (20), wherein the thermocouples (20) are multiple, the thermocouples (20) are uniformly distributed in multiple layers of the three-dimensional shelf (1), the thermocouples (20) are close to the combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), the signal output ends of the thermocouples (20) are connected with the multiple signal input ends of the multi-channel data acquisition instrument (16), and the signal output ends of the multi-channel data acquisition instrument (16) are connected with the data analysis computer (15).
6. The stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the combustible liquid conveying and leakage simulating device is arranged in the test platform (17).
7. A method of testing a stereoscopic fire simulation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1: an electronic ignition head (12) of an ignition device is arranged on the liquid receiving combustion disk (21) and the open fuel combustion tank (5);
s2: starting a data acquisition device;
s3: opening a ball valve (4) at the outlet of a combustible liquid storage container (2), starting a liquid fuel delivery pump (3) through an experiment control system (14), and delivering combustible liquid to an open fuel combustion tank (5) at the top of a three-dimensional shelf (1);
s4: when the liquid level in the open fuel combustion tank (5) reaches more than 2/3 of the height, starting a fuel supply electromagnetic valve (7) through an experiment control system (14) to enable combustible liquid to flow downwards along a combustible liquid vertical flow carrier (8), and keeping the liquid level of the open fuel combustion tank (5) basically stable during the period;
s5: when the liquid level of the liquid receiving combustion disc (21) at the ground reaches more than 2/3 height, starting an ignition device to ignite combustible liquid, and rapidly forming a three-dimensional fire disaster;
s6: when the method is used for researching the three-dimensional fire characteristics of combustible liquid, the burning time is selected according to the requirement, when the test is finished, the liquid fuel delivery pump (3) is closed through the experiment control system (14), the fuel supply is stopped, the flame is extinguished, the temperature-time curve and the heat flux-time curve are recorded, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated;
s7: when the device is used for evaluating the fire extinguishing performance of a fire extinguishing system, the fire extinguishing system to be tested is started after burning for 30s-180s according to test requirements, after the flame is extinguished, a liquid fuel delivery pump (3) and a fuel supply electromagnetic valve (7) are closed through an experiment control system (14), a temperature-time curve and a heat flux density-time curve are recorded, and the flame spreading speed and the fire heat release rate are calculated.
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| CN202310615604.6A CN116642600A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Three-dimensional fire simulation test device and test method |
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