CN116640769B - 花生AhGATA11基因及其在提高植物抗逆性中的应用 - Google Patents
花生AhGATA11基因及其在提高植物抗逆性中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种花生AhGATA11基因及其在提高植物抗逆性中的应用,属于生物技术领域。本发明花生AhGATA11基因,所述基因编码的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示,所述基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。将该基因构建植物表达载体,转化植物,能够提高植物的耐盐性和耐旱性,在植物的抗逆性育种中具有较好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,具体涉及一种花生AhGATA11基因及其在提高植物抗逆性中的应用。
背景技术
生物在自然环境中经常要面对各种不利条件(如干旱、高盐、低温等)胁迫;这些不利条件能够抑制生物的生长,甚至导致生物体死亡。随着环境的不断恶化,高盐和干旱等逆境胁迫已经成为世界性的问题,培育具有多种抗逆性的生物新品种已成为广大育种家研究的主要目标之一。
花生属中度抗旱耐盐类作物,但不同生育时期抗旱耐盐能力存在差异,干旱和盐胁迫会一定程度抑制花生生长,造成产量降低。当前发展迅速的基因工程技术为生物遗传改良提供了新的途径,利用在干旱和盐胁迫应答中起重要作用的基因进行遗传转化是获得抗旱耐盐新种质的重要手段。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种花生AhGATA11基因及其在提高植物抗逆性中的应用。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
花生AhGATA11基因,所述基因编码的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
在一个具体的实施例中,所述基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
上述花生AhGATA11基因在提高植物抗逆性中的应用。
在一个具体的实施例中,所述的抗逆性为耐盐性、耐旱性中的至少一种。
一种用于提高植物抗逆性的重组载体、表达盒,含有花生AhGATA11基因的编码区序列,所述花生AhGATA11基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
一种用于提高植物抗逆性的重组菌,含有花生AhGATA11基因的编码区序列,所述花生AhGATA11基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
一种提高植物抗逆性的方法,将花生AhGATA11基因的编码区序列构建到植物表达载体中,转化植物,使其在植物中表达,以提高植物抗逆性;所述花生AhGATA11基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
在一个具体的实施例中,所述的抗逆性为耐盐性、耐旱性中的至少一种。
在一个具体的实施例中,所述植物为拟南芥。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明从花生中克隆到一条抗逆性基因,测序结果表明该基因编码序列包含891个核苷酸,其编码的蛋白质包含296个氨基酸,将其命名为AhGATA11。
2、构建AhGATA11基因的植物表达载体,并转化拟南芥;结果表明:转入AhGATA11基因的拟南芥植株形态发育正常,转AhGATA11基因拟南芥苗至少可以抗125mM NaCl的高盐胁迫或200mM的甘露醇胁迫;AhGATA11基因在拟南芥中表达可显著提高其耐高盐性和耐干旱性。
附图说明
图1AhGATA11转录激活活性分析(左图为右图平板不同区域所对应的菌株转化的载体的名称);
图2AhGATA11在花生逆境胁迫处理后的表达情况;
图3转AhGATA11基因拟南芥植株萌发期的耐盐性及耐旱性(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系;A为拟南芥的萌发情况,B为拟南芥的子叶展开率统计);
图4转基因植株幼苗期的耐盐性及耐旱性(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系;A为耐盐抗旱性离体鉴定表型,B为根长和鲜重统计分析);
图5转基因植株土培条件下的耐盐性及耐旱性(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系);
图6哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥和AhGATA11转基因拟南芥不同条件下抗逆相关基因表达分析(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系);
图7哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥和AhGATA11转基因拟南芥不同条件下抗逆生理生化指标分析(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系);
图8哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥和AhGATA11转基因拟南芥叶片不同条件下活性氧积累量分析(WT指的是野生型,OE-1、OE-2指的是转基因拟南芥的两个株系)。
具体实施方式
在本发明中所使用的术语,除非有另外说明,一般具有本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义。
下面结合具体实施例,并参照数据进一步详细的描述本发明。以下实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
花生品种“花育22号”为国内广泛种植花生品种;
pGBKT7载体由中国农业大学甘薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室提供;
Y2H酵母细胞购自上海唯地生物技术有限公司;
植物表达载体Super1300由中国农业大学甘薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室提供;
农杆菌菌株GV3101购自上海唯地生物技术有限公司;
拟南芥哥伦比亚野生型品种由青岛农业大学花生研究中心提供。
实施例1花生AhGATA11基因的克隆
以花生(花育22号)的RNA反转录获得的cDNA为模板,以引物对P1、P2扩增花生AhGATA11基因,其基因序列如SEQ ID No.1所示;测序结果表明该基因编码序列包含891个核苷酸,其编码的蛋白质包含296个氨基酸(SEQ ID No.2)。
SEQ ID No.1(5’→3’)
ATGAAGGATTGTTGGTTTTTGGACAACAATTTGAATGGGGTATCGGATGAAGCTTTTGAT
GTGGTGGGGTTTTTTGATTTCCCAATAGAAGATGTGGAAGATGATGCTGTGGAGGAGGA
TTGGGGTGCTCAGTTTAAACAACTTGAAGAGCCATCTCTTGGTGTGTTTTCGGTATCACC
ATCCGGACTGAGTGATAAAACTGAGAATGAGAATCCGAAACTTGGGAGGAGTATCTCTA
CTCCTGTGGCCGATCCTGCTCGACCTACATACGGCAATACTATTCGGAACCAGAATGTCT
CTTTTAATGGGAAAAGGGTGCCCAAGTTCCAAACCTACAGCCCTGTGTCTGTCTTTGAA
AGCAGTAGTTCCTCCTCGGTCGAGAACTCCAACTTTGATCTACCTGTCATCCCGGTAAAG
CGTCCTCGAGGCAAACGCCGGCCTCTCTCAAGCTTCAGCTTGCTATTATCTGTTCCATTC
GTCTCTAACTCCCCAAAAGGTGAGGCAAATGATTTATCTGAATCAAATTTACAAACACAA
GCTGATGGTAAATTAATAAGCAGTCTCAAAAAGAAGCAGAGGAGTAAGGATCTACCTTT
GCTTTCAGATCATACTGAGAAGAAGGGATCTGCATTGCAAGGATCAGTTACCCACCGAA
AATGCATGCATTGTGAGGTGACATCTACGCCGCAGTGGAGAGAAGGACCCATGGGTCCA
AAGACACTTTGCAATGCTTGTGGGGTTCGGTATAGGTCCGGCCGGCTCTTCCCTGAATAC
CGGCCTGCAGCTAGCCCTACGTTTGTACCATCATTGCACTCGAACTCTCACAGGAAGGT
CATCGAAATGAGGAGCCGAACTGCGACAGAGACTCTTAAGGGTTCTTCTATGTTGTAA
SEQ ID No.2
MKDCWFLDNNLNGVSDEAFDVVGFFDFPIEDVEDDAVEEDWGAQFKQLEEPSLGVFSVSP
SGLSDKTENENPKLGRSISTPVADPARPTYGNTIRNQNVSFNGKRVPKFQTYSPVSVFESSSS
SSVENSNFDLPVIPVKRPRGKRRPLSSFSLLLSVPFVSNSPKGEANDLSESNLQTQADGKLIS
SLKKKQRSKDLPLLSDHTEKKGSALQGSVTHRKCMHCEVTSTPQWREGPMGPKTLCNAC
GVRYRSGRLFPEYRPAASPTFVPSLHSNSHRKVIEMRSRTATETLKGSSML
所述引物对P1、P2的核酸序列如下:
P1:5'-ATGAAGGATTGTTGGTTTTTGGAC-3'(SEQ ID No.3);
P2:5'-TTACAACATAGAAGAACCCTTAAG-3'(SEQ ID No.4);
实施例2AhGATA11转录激活活性分析
(1)根据AhGATA11序列和保守结构域设计引物,在引物两端加入酶切位点(EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ)和保护碱基,分别扩增全长(AhGATA11)及分段的基因序列(C-AhGATA11),扩增后回收目的片段插入pGBKT7载体(Kan抗性)的多克隆位点,获得重组载体pGBKT7+AhGATA11、pGBKT7+C-AhGATA11。
扩增AhGATA11基因不同片段的引物序列如下(下划线表示酶切位点和保护碱基):
P3:5'-ATGGCCATGGAGGCCGAATTCATGAAGGATTGTTGGTTTTTGGA-3'(EcoRⅠ)(SEQ IDNo.5);
P4:5'-CCGCTGCAGGTCGACGGATCCTTACAACATAGAAGAACCCTTAAGAGTCT-3'(BamHⅠ)(SEQ ID No.6);
P5:5'-ATGGCCATGGAGGCCGAATTCCGAAAATGCATGCATTGTGAG-3'(EcoRⅠ)(SEQ IDNo.7)。
其中,扩增全长AhGATA11所采用的引物对为P3和P4,扩增C-AhGATA11所采用的引物对为P5和P4。
(2)将上述获得的重组载体分别转入Y2H酵母细胞,酵母Y2H Gold在YPDA固体培养基上活化,挑取单克隆酵母菌斑,置于离心管中加入YPDA液体培养基震荡培养,取1mL菌液,离心机5 000rpm离心1min,弃上清。500mL ddH2O悬浮沉淀,离心机5000rpm离心1min,弃上清。顺序向离心管中加入:50μL LiAc(1M)、20μL DTT(1M)、6.75μL Carrier DNA、1μg重组质粒,混匀,加入160μL 50%PEG4000。置于42℃水浴锅,水浴30min。置于离心机5 000rpm离心1min,弃上清。500mL ddH2O悬浮沉淀,离心机中5000rpm离心1min,弃上清。离心管中加入150μL ddH2O悬浮沉淀,将悬浮细胞划在SD/-Trp/-His/X-α-Gal的固体培养基上,30℃恒温培养箱培养3-5d,观察菌落生长情况。以转化pGBKT7空载体(pGBKT7-empty)的酵母作为阴性对照,转化pGBKT7-pGAL4载体的酵母作为阳性对照,结果如图1所示,只有AhGATA11基因编码蛋白全长具有转录激活活性。
实施例3 AhGATA11在花生逆境胁迫处理后的表达情况
(1)用包含正常、含30% PEG6000、含300mM NaCl或含100μM ABA的霍格兰溶液处理“花育22号”幼苗,在处理后0h、1h、3h、6h、12h、24h分别取样,液氮速冻并研磨成粉末状,用RNA提取试剂盒提取RNA。抽提后的总RNA用DNase I处理,并进行纯化后反转录成cDNA,作为模板用于荧光定量PCR检测。
(2)上述样品在QuantStudio 3型荧光定量PCR仪上进行反应。20μL反应体系包括:10μL 2×SybrGreen qPCR Master Mix,20μmol/L正反向引物各0.25μL,20ng反转录产物。扩增程序为:先94℃预变性2min;接着进入40个循环反应,每个循环中94℃变性30s,58℃复性30s,72℃延伸30s;循环结束后,缓慢升至94℃,制备熔解曲线。每个反应设3个复孔。结果如图2。
其中,所采用的AhGATA11基因定量PCR引物为:
P6:5'-ACTCCCCAAAAGGTGAGGCAA-3'(SEQ ID No.8);
P7:5'-CCTCTGCTTCTTTTTGAGACTGCT-3'(SEQ ID No.9)。
内标基因Actin引物序列为:
P8:5'-TCTTCCAGCCATCCATGATCGGG-3'(SEQ ID No.10);
P9:5'-GCTACTCGGTGCCAATGCTGT-3'(SEQ ID No.11)。
由图2可知,在30% PEG6000和300mM NaCl胁迫处理后均显著上调表达且受100μMABA诱导表达,表明AhGATA11基因作为转录激活因子参与ABA介导的花生对干旱和盐胁迫的响应。
实施例4 AhGATA11基因植物表达载体的构建
以花生品种“花育22号”的cDNA为模板,扩增含有SacI和XbaI酶切位点的AhGATA11基因编码区片段,在扩增时分别在上下游引物中加入SacI和XbaI酶切位点。回收PCR产物,用SacI和XbaI进行酶切植物表达载体Super1300,将上述扩增的含有SacI和XbaI酶切位点的AhGATA11基因编码序列克隆到植物表达载体Super1300的对应酶切位点中,获得该基因的植物表达载体Super1300-AhGATA11。
其中,扩增含有SacI和XbaI酶切位点的AhGATA11基因编码序列时,所采用的引物对如下:
P10:5'-CTGCAGGGGCCCGGGGTCGACATGAAGGATTGTTGGTTTTTGGA-3'(SacI)(SEQ IDNo.12);
P11:5'-GCCCTTGCTCACCATGGTACCCAACATAGAAGAACCCTTAAGAGTCT-3'(XbaI)(SEQID No.13);
实施例5转基因拟南芥的获得
(1)农杆菌重组菌株的制备、活化及菌液制备:将Super1300-AhGATA11重组质粒利用液氮冻融法转化农杆菌菌株GV3101感受态细胞,筛选出含有重组质粒的重组菌株。挑取重组菌株单菌落,接种到LB(利福平50mg/L,卡那霉素50mg/L)液体培养基中,28℃、180rpm培养至OD600=0.5~0.8时,取2mL菌液转移到50mL LB(利福平50mg/L,卡那霉素50mg/L)培养基中,培养到OD600=0.6~0.8。将菌液于5000rpm离心15min后,用相同体积的液体1/2MS(0.02%silwet L-77)悬浮备用。
(2)拟南芥的种植:选取合适的的拟南芥种子,在1% NaClO中浸泡5min,无菌水冲洗4-6次。点种到基质土上。
(3)农杆菌介导的遗传转化:选取初果期的健壮植株,带盆钵一起倒扣于盛有上述步骤(1)制备的农杆菌悬浮液的容器上方,将整个花序浸入上述农杆菌悬浮液中约20-30秒,注意叶片尽量不与浸染液接触。将盆钵取下,横放于暗箱中约24小时。注意保持一定的湿度。24小时后将处理过的拟南芥植株放于22~25℃的光照条件下使其正常生长。大约3w后收取成熟种子。
将转基因拟南芥种子接种到20mL MS(潮霉素50mg/L)培养基中,22℃培养1w左右,选取鲜绿健壮的拟南芥幼苗,移植于基质土,筛选转基因阳性植株,并将转基因植株纯化至T3代。
其中,转基因植株的PCR检测方法为:提取待测植株的基因组DNA,利用上述载体序列设计引物进行PCR扩增。PCR反应程序为:95℃、5min;95℃、50s,55℃、50s,72℃、1min,32个循环;72℃、10min。
转基因植株鉴定引物为:
P12:5'-CGCCATTTCGCCTTTTCAGAAATGG-3'(SEQ ID No.14);
P13:5'-TGGTACAAACGTAGGGCTAGCTG-3'(SEQ ID No.15)。
实施例6转基因拟南芥植株的抗旱耐盐性
(1)转基因植株萌发期的耐盐性及耐旱性,
将实施例5得到的转AhGATA11基因拟南芥与哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥种子分别接种于正常、含150mM NaCl或含300mM甘露醇的1/2MS培养基。22℃培养1周左右,观察拟南芥种子的萌发情况和子叶的展开率,结果如图3所示:在高盐或者甘露醇胁迫条件下转AhGATA11基因拟南芥植株的发芽率及子叶展开情况优于哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥,所以转AhGATA11基因拟南芥种子的抗盐浓度为150mM或以上,抗旱浓度为300mM甘露醇或以上。
(2)转基因植株幼苗期的耐盐性及耐旱性
将实施例5得到的转AhGATA11基因拟南芥与哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥种子接种于1/2MS培养基发芽,1周后将幼苗转移至含125mM NaCl或200mM甘露醇的1/2MS培养基。22℃培养2周左右,观察转AhGATA11基因拟南芥与哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥幼苗的抗旱性和耐盐性,结果如图4所示:在高盐或者甘露醇胁迫条件下转AhGATA11基因拟南芥幼苗生长及生根情况优于哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥幼苗,所以转AhGATA11基因拟南芥幼苗的抗盐浓度为125mM或以上,抗旱浓度为200mM甘露醇或以上。
(3)转基因植株土培条件下的耐盐性及耐旱性
将实施例5得到的转AhGATA11基因拟南芥与哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥种子接种于1/2MS培养基发芽,1周后将幼苗转移到培养土中继续培养10天后处理,盐处理植株3天浇灌一次300mM NaCl的水溶液,共浇灌5次,自然干旱处理植株不予浇灌,自然干旱2周后,复水处理3天,观察植株的耐盐性和耐旱性,结果如图5所示:在高盐或者自然干旱胁迫条件下转AhGATA11基因拟南芥幼苗生长及生根情况优于哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥幼苗。
实施例7转基因拟南芥植株的抗旱耐盐机理
1、抗逆基因表达分析
测定了正常、盐水灌溉和自然干旱(处理方法同实施例6)条件下AhGATA11基因拟南芥和哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥的抗逆基因诱导表达情况。分别取不同处理条件下的AhGATA11基因拟南芥和哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥植株样品,用RNA提取试剂盒提取RNA。抽提后的总RNA用DNase I处理,进行纯化并反转录成cDNA作为荧光定量PCR的模板,根据拟南芥抗逆性基因特异性序列设计荧光定量引物,样品在QuantStudio 3型荧光定量PCR仪上进行反应,反应体系同实施例3,并对数据进行分析(如图6所示)。
结果显示,正常生长情况下,转基因株系与野生型株系抗逆相关基因的表达水平没有显著差异。在盐或干旱胁迫下,ABA信号途径相关基因AtNCED和AtABA1,活性氧清除系统相关基因AtPOD和AtSOD,脯氨酸合成途径相关基因AtP5CR和AtP5CDH在转基因拟南芥中的表达量显著高于野生型植株。表明AhGATA11在盐或干旱胁迫下激活了抗逆基因的表达。
其中,上述AtNCED(对应引物为P14、P15)、AtABA1(对应引物为P16、P17)、AtPOD(对应引物为P18、P19)、AtSOD(对应引物为P20、P21)、AtP5CR(对应引物为P22、P23)和AtP5CDH(对应引物为P24、P25)基因定量PCR引物的核酸序列分别为:
P14:5'-CGCCGGTTTAGTTTATTTCAATGGT-3'(SEQ ID No.16);
P15:5'-AATCGTACCGACCCGAAGTTTCTAA-3'(SEQ ID No.17);
P16:5'-TACTTGGGGTAAAGGGCGTG-3'(SEQ ID No.18);
P17:5'-CCAAGGACCCAGTCAAGCAT-3'(SEQ ID No.19);
P18:5'-TCCGGGAGCCACACCATTGG-3'(SEQ ID No.20);
P19:5'-TGGTCGGAATTCAACAG-3'(SEQ ID No.21);
P20:5'-ATGAGAAGTTCTATGAAGAG-3'(SEQ ID No.22);
P21:5'-GTCTTTATGTAATCTGGT-3'(SEQ ID No.23);
P22:5'-AGTTTAGCTTCACAGACCGTTC-3'(SEQ ID No.24);
P23:5'-GCTCTGTGAGAGCTCGCGGCTTC-3'(SEQ ID No.25);
P24:5'-GCTTCCATCATCACCCTTATCTT-3'(SEQ ID No.26);
P25:5'-CTTCAAGGTTAATGCACTGATTCTT-3'(SEQ ID No.27)。
内标基因AtActin引物序列为:
P26:5'-GCACCCTGTTCTTCTTACCGA-3'(SEQ ID No.28);
P27:5'-AGTAAGGTCACGTCCAGCAAGG-3'(SEQ ID No.29)。
2、抗逆相关生理生化指标
(1)分别取正常、盐水灌溉和自然干旱(处理方法同实施例6)条件下的AhGATA11基因拟南芥和哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥植株样品,测定拟南芥植株在不同条件下丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量及活性氧清除系统关键酶SOD、POD的酶活性(如图7所示)。正常生长的AhGATA11转基因株系与野生型株系的相关指标并未表现明显差异,在盐或干旱胁迫处理下AhGATA11转基因株系MDA含量显著低于野生型株系,Pro含量及SOD、POD的酶活性显著高于野生型植株。结果表明,AhGATA11的过表达能够在干旱或盐胁迫下激活转基因植株的活性氧清除系统,增强转基因植株的渗透调剂能力,减少胁迫对于膜系统的损伤。
(2)分别取正常、盐水灌溉和自然干旱(处理方法同实施例6)条件下的AhGATA11基因拟南芥和哥伦比亚野生型拟南芥叶片,进行NBT染色和DAB染色,分析叶片O2- 2和H2O的积累情况(如图8所示)。逆境胁迫下,过表达AhGATA11拟南芥转基因植株O2-和H2O2积累量显著少于野生型拟南芥。AhGATA11基因的过表达减少了干旱和高盐胁迫下过量的活性氧积累,减轻了高盐和旱胁迫对拟南芥生理活动的损伤。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.花生AhGATA11基因在提高植物抗逆性中的应用,其特征在于,所述花生AhGATA11基因编码的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示;所述的抗逆性为耐盐性、耐旱性中的至少一种;所述植物为拟南芥。
2.一种提高植物抗逆性的方法,其特征在于,将花生AhGATA11基因的编码区序列构建到植物表达载体中,转化植物,使其在植物中表达,以提高植物抗逆性;所述花生AhGATA11基因的核酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示;所述的抗逆性为耐盐性、耐旱性中的至少一种;所述植物为拟南芥。
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