CN116626263B - Heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system and method - Google Patents
Heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116626263B CN116626263B CN202310889397.3A CN202310889397A CN116626263B CN 116626263 B CN116626263 B CN 116626263B CN 202310889397 A CN202310889397 A CN 202310889397A CN 116626263 B CN116626263 B CN 116626263B
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000175995 Dichondra Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system and method, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen leakage explosion risk testing. The test system includes an antiknock chamber, a leak control subsystem, a data recording subsystem, and an ignition subsystem. One side of the antiknock cabin is a transparent observation side. The leakage control subsystem is used for providing hydrogen forming nonuniform hydrogen cloud for the antiknock cabin and comprises a hydrogen cylinder group, a buffer tank, a pressure monitoring module, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve. The data recording subsystem comprises an image acquisition module and a plurality of groups of pressure acquisition modules. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring images in the antiknock cabin through the transparent observation side. Each group of pressure acquisition modules are arranged on the side wall surface of the anti-explosion cabin along the height direction and are used for acquiring a second pressure value at each acquisition point in the cabin. The ignition subsystem is used to ignite the heterogeneous hydrogen cloud. The test system can test the non-uniform hydrogen-air combustible explosion characteristics induced by hydrogen leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen leakage explosion hazard tests, in particular to a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test system and a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test method using the test system.
Background
The hydrogen has the characteristics of no pollution, wide sources, high heat value and the like, and the combustion product is water, so that the aim of zero carbon emission can be fulfilled. Hydrogen energy is becoming a significant component of modern energy structures and is becoming a major concern in the transportation industry.
Meanwhile, the hydrogen has the characteristics of large diffusion rate, wide combustion limit range, low ignition energy and high laminar flow combustion rate. In industrial links such as hydrogen energy utilization, storage, transportation and the like, unexpected ignition sources can induce extremely dangerous hydrogen explosion accidents. Most of these hydrogen fire explosion accidents are caused by leakage of hydrogen in a limited space involving hydrogen, and the hydrogen is accumulated at the top of the limited space due to low density to form non-uniform hydrogen-air clouds, namely non-uniform hydrogen. When unexpected hydrogen explosion occurs in a limited space where hydrogen leakage continuously occurs, the structure is subjected to explosion overpressure and the coupling disaster effect of double flames formed by hydrogen jet flames and hydrogen deflagration flames.
Therefore, research on hydrogen explosion characteristic test is carried out, and an induction mechanism of explosion overpressure peak value and a coupling mechanism of flame and pressure are revealed, so that the method has important practical significance for preventing hydrogen explosion disasters and guiding safety design of hydrogen-related structures.
However, the current research on the explosion characteristics of hydrogen gas is concentrated on the experimental research on the explosion characteristics of the uniformly premixed hydrogen-air mixture, and the test research on the non-uniform hydrogen explosion characteristics and flame behavior considering the background of real accidents is very deficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the prior art lacks in testing the explosion characteristics of heterogeneous hydrogen-air combustible substances caused by hydrogen leakage, the invention provides a heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system and method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame test system, comprising: an antiknock chamber, a leak control subsystem, a data recording subsystem, and an ignition subsystem.
One side of the antiknock cabin is a transparent observation side.
The leak control subsystem is configured to provide hydrogen to the antiknock chamber that is required to form a non-uniform hydrogen cloud. The leakage control subsystem comprises a hydrogen cylinder group, a buffer tank, a pressure monitoring module, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve. The air supply end of the hydrogen cylinder group is communicated with the air inlet of the buffer tank, and the air supply end is provided with an air supply valve for adjusting the flow. The pressure monitoring module is used for collecting a first pressure value in the buffer tank. The gas outlet of the buffer tank is respectively connected with the first nozzle and the second nozzle through two branches. The first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are respectively arranged on the two branches and are respectively used for adjusting the communication state of the first nozzle and the second nozzle with the buffer tank. The first nozzle is located inside the explosion-proof chamber. The second nozzle is located outside the explosion-proof chamber. The structures of the first nozzle and the second nozzle and the structures of the corresponding branches are consistent.
The data recording subsystem comprises an image acquisition module and a plurality of groups of pressure acquisition modules. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring images in the antiknock cabin through the transparent observation side. Each group of pressure acquisition modules are sequentially arranged on the side wall surface of the anti-explosion cabin along the height direction and are respectively used for acquiring pressure values II at each acquisition point in the anti-explosion cabin.
The ignition subsystem is used to ignite the heterogeneous hydrogen cloud.
As a further improvement of the above, the leakage control subsystem further comprises a three-way joint, a first stainless steel pipe, and a second stainless steel pipe. One end of the three-way joint is connected with the air outlet of the buffer tank, and the other two ends of the three-way joint are respectively connected with the first stainless steel pipe and the second stainless steel pipe, so that two branches are formed. The tail ends of the first stainless steel pipe and the second stainless steel pipe are respectively connected with a first nozzle and a second nozzle.
As a further improvement of the above, the leakage control subsystem further comprises a first mass flow meter and a second mass flow meter. The first mass flowmeter and the second mass flowmeter are respectively arranged on the two branches and respectively correspond to the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. Along the hydrogen transmission direction on each branch, each mass flow meter is located downstream of the corresponding solenoid valve.
As a further improvement of the above, the leakage control subsystem further comprises a time relay. The time relay is respectively and electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so as to respectively switch the power-on states of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve.
As a further improvement of the above, the ignition subsystem comprises an ignition electrode and a pulse igniter. The ignition electrode is electrically connected with the pulse igniter, and the pulse igniter is electrically connected with the time relay and is used for controlling the ignition electrode to be electrified so as to ignite non-uniform hydrogen cloud.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the anti-explosion cabin adopts a cube structure, and the center of the top surface of the anti-explosion cabin is provided with a discharge port which is used for discharging explosion overpressure generated by non-uniform hydrogen cloud. The blast resistant enclosure includes at least a first side, a second side, and a third side. The first side is a transparent plexiglass, i.e. a transparent viewing side. And a plurality of threaded holes corresponding to the pressure acquisition modules are formed in the second side surface, and the threaded holes are used for installing the pressure acquisition modules in each group. And the third side surface is provided with an explosion door. A circular hole is formed in the center of the bottom surface of the antiknock cabin and used for the first nozzle and the corresponding branch to pass through.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the pressure acquisition module employs a pressure sensor. The image acquisition module adopts a high-speed camera.
The data recording subsystem further comprises a signal conditioning instrument, an oscilloscope and a synchronous trigger. Each group of pressure acquisition modules are connected with the signal conditioning instrument. The signal conditioning instrument is connected with the oscilloscope. The image acquisition module and the oscilloscope are respectively connected to the synchronous trigger.
As a further improvement of the above solution, the distance between the first nozzle and the bottom surface of the anti-knock chamber is adjustable.
The invention also discloses a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing method which is applied to the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system. The test method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a distance H between a first nozzle and the bottom surface of an antiknock cabin.
S2, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic valve, opening the second electromagnetic valve and the gas supply valve, so that hydrogen enters the buffer tank and leaks from the second nozzle into an open space environment outside the antiknock cabin, and monitoring a pressure value P in the buffer tank in real time.
S3, determining the category of the currently-developed test research project. If a hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study of constant pressure leakage is performed, S31 is performed. If a hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study of non-constant pressure leakage is performed, S32 is performed.
S31, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value Pc, the flow rate of the hydrogen entering the buffer tank is increased by controlling the gas supply valve. When p=pc, the supply valve is kept open, and the flow of hydrogen into the buffer tank is regulated by controlling the supply valve to maintain p=pc until the test is completed.
When a trigger signal is obtained, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, the second electromagnetic valve is closed, the non-uniform hydrogen cloud is ignited at a delay time T1, the first electromagnetic valve is closed at a delay time T2, and namely, the interval between the ignition time of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud and the closing time of the first electromagnetic valve is T2-T1. Wherein T1 is less than T2.
S32, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value II Pic, the flow of the hydrogen entering the buffer tank is increased by controlling the gas supply valve. When p=pic, the gas supply valve and the second solenoid valve are simultaneously closed, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the non-uniform hydrogen gas cloud is ignited at a delay time T1 thereafter, and the delay time T2 closes the first solenoid valve.
And synchronously acquiring images in the antiknock cabin and data of a pressure value II while igniting the non-uniform hydrogen cloud in S31 and S32.
As a further improvement of the above, the leakage control subsystem of the test system further comprises a time relay. The time relay is respectively and electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so as to respectively switch the power-on states of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The first electromagnetic valve adopts a normally closed hydrogen electromagnetic valve, and the second electromagnetic valve adopts a normally open hydrogen electromagnetic valve. The ignition subsystem of the test system also includes an ignition electrode and a pulse igniter. The ignition electrode is electrically connected with the pulse igniter, and the pulse igniter is electrically connected with the time relay and is used for controlling the ignition electrode to be electrified so as to ignite non-uniform hydrogen cloud.
After the distance H is set in S1, a delay time T1 for energizing the ignition electrode is also set in the time relay, a delay time T2 for de-energizing the first electromagnetic valve is set, T1 is less than T2, and the second electromagnetic valve is set to be energized without delay time. In S31, the trigger signal is obtained by pressing the switch of the time relay. In S32, when p=pic, the switch of the time relay is also pressed at the same time.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system provided by the invention supplies hydrogen into the anti-explosion cabin through the leakage control subsystem, and the ignition subsystem is used for igniting after the non-uniform hydrogen cloud is formed in the anti-explosion cabin, so that the fire explosion accident caused by actual hydrogen leakage is simulated, and the explosion overpressure and flame images are acquired in real time by utilizing the data recording subsystem, so that the non-uniform hydrogen-air combustible explosion characteristics induced by the hydrogen leakage can be tested, and the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing system has important practical significance for guiding the structural safety design of buildings or structures related to hydrogen energy utilization.
(2) The leakage control subsystem provided by the invention not only can realize the hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test research based on constant pressure leakage, but also can realize the hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test research based on non-constant pressure leakage, and solves the problem that the hydrogen leakage time and the hydrogen release pressure are difficult to accurately control in the prior art by designing the two hydrogen delivery branches where the first nozzle and the second nozzle are positioned into identical structures, thereby ensuring the scientificity and the rigor of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test result.
(3) The invention adopts the single time relay to realize the remote automatic control of the switching of the hydrogen transmission pipeline, the hydrogen leakage time and the timing of the ignition time, thereby not only ensuring the accuracy of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame test result, but also improving the safety of the flammable gas explosion test process.
(4) According to the invention, the distance between the first nozzle and the bottom surface of the antiknock cabin is adjustable, so that the test scene of hydrogen leakage at different heights is realized, and meanwhile, the coupling and diversity of test working conditions are increased by combining the technical scheme that the leakage time based on the time relay is adjustable and the hydrogen leakage pressure based on the leakage control subsystem is adjustable.
(5) According to the invention, through adopting a cooperative working technical scheme of the signal conditioning instrument, the oscilloscope and the synchronous trigger, the synchronous recording of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion overpressure data and the flame behavior picture is realized, and the technical advantage of explosion overpressure and flame behavior coupling analysis is realized.
(6) The non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double-flame testing method provided by the invention is applied to the testing system, so that the technical effect generated by the testing system is the same as the beneficial effect of the testing system, and the description is omitted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame test system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the explosion-proof chamber of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a second side schematic view of the explosion resistant compartment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third side structure of the explosion proof chamber of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom surface structure of the explosion-proof chamber of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the buffer tank in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a three-way joint according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a piping connection structure of the leak control subsystem of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for testing a dual flame of a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion in example 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a buffer tank; 2. a support; 3. a pressure gauge; 4. a pressure display; 5. a three-way joint; 6. a first stainless steel tube; 7. a second stainless steel tube; 8. a first nozzle; 9. a second nozzle; 10. a first mass flow meter; 11. a second mass flow meter; 12. a first electromagnetic valve; 13. a second electromagnetic valve; 14. a time relay; 15. a first wire; 16. a hydrogen-transporting explosion-proof pipe; 17. a hydrogen cylinder group; 18. an antiknock cabin; 19. a top surface; 20. a first side; 21. a second side; 22. a first threaded hole; 23. a second threaded hole; 24. a third threaded hole; 25. a fourth threaded hole; 26. a fifth threaded hole; 27. a third side; 28. a bottom surface; 29. a first pressure sensor; 30. a second pressure sensor; 31. a third pressure sensor; 32. a fourth pressure sensor; 33. a fifth pressure sensor; 34. a signal conditioning instrument; 35. an oscilloscope; 36. a synchronous trigger; 37. a high-speed camera; 38. a signal line; 39. an ignition electrode; 40. a pulse igniter; 41. a second wire; 42. an explosion door; 43. a bleed port; 44. a circular hole; 45. a sixth threaded hole; 46. a seventh threaded hole; 47. an eighth threaded hole; 48. a third joint; 49. a first joint; 50. and a second joint.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual-flame testing system for testing the non-uniform hydrogen-air combustible explosion characteristics induced by hydrogen leakage. The test system includes: an antiknock chamber 18, a leak control subsystem, a data recording subsystem, and an ignition subsystem.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the antiknock chamber 18 may be a cube structure. A relief opening 43 is provided in the center of the top surface 19 of the antiknock compartment 18 for venting the explosion overpressure created by the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame. The first side 20 of the blast resistant enclosure 18 may be a transparent plexiglass that serves as the transparent viewing side for image acquisition. The second side 21 of the explosion-proof chamber 18 may be provided with a plurality of screw holes having a screw specification of m20×1.5, i.e., a first screw hole 22, a second screw hole 23, a third screw hole 24, a fourth screw hole 25, and a fifth screw hole 26, in order in the height direction. The third side 27 of the explosion proof compartment 18 may be provided with an explosion vent 42 for access to the compartment by an associated tester for commissioning or maintenance. A circular opening 44 of 12mm diameter is reserved in the center of the bottom surface 28 of the blast resistant enclosure 18.
Referring to fig. 6-8, the leak control subsystem is used to provide the hydrogen gas required to form a non-uniform hydrogen gas cloud to the anti-knock chamber 18. The leakage control subsystem comprises a hydrogen cylinder group 17, a buffer tank 1, a pressure monitoring module, a first nozzle 8, a second nozzle 9, a first electromagnetic valve 12 and a second electromagnetic valve 13, and can also comprise a three-way joint 5, a first stainless steel pipe 6, a second stainless steel pipe 7, a first mass flowmeter 10, a second mass flowmeter 11 and a time relay 14.
The buffer vessel 1 can be fastened to the support 2 by means of bolts with a thread size M10. Three threaded holes, namely a sixth threaded hole 45, a seventh threaded hole 46 and an eighth threaded hole 47, can be formed in the surge tank 1 for communication and installation with external pipes or components. The gas supply end of the hydrogen cylinder group 17 communicates with the gas inlet (i.e., eighth screw hole 47) of the buffer tank 1, and the gas supply end is provided with a gas supply valve for adjusting the flow rate. In this embodiment, the gas supply end of the hydrogen cylinder group 17 may be connected to the eighth screw hole 47 through the hydrogen delivery explosion-proof pipe 16.
The pressure monitoring module is used for collecting a first pressure value in the buffer tank 1. In this embodiment, the pressure monitoring module may use the pressure gauge 3, and the sixth threaded hole 45 may be mounted on the buffer tank 1, and the sixth threaded hole 45 may be a four-inch pipe threaded hole. The pressure gauge 3 can be connected with the pressure display instrument 4 through a wire, so that a tester can intuitively acquire the pressure data of the buffer tank 1.
The air outlet of the buffer vessel 1, namely the seventh threaded hole 46, is connected to the first nozzle 8 and the second nozzle 9 by two branches, respectively. Specifically, the seventh screw hole 46 may be a dichondra screw hole, which mounts the three-way joint 5. As shown in fig. 7, the three-way joint 5 has three joints: the first joint 49, the second joint 50, and the third joint 48, arrows in fig. 7 indicate the deliverable direction of the hydrogen gas. In the present embodiment, the third joint 48 of the three-way joint 5 is mounted on the seventh screw hole 46 of the surge tank 1. While the first joint 49 is connected to the first stainless steel pipe 6 and the second joint 50 is connected to the second stainless steel pipe 7, thus constituting two branches. The ends of both the first stainless steel pipe 6 and the second stainless steel pipe 7 are connected to a first nozzle 8 and a second nozzle 9, respectively. The first stainless steel pipe 6 and the first nozzle 8 can pass through a circular hole 44 formed in the bottom surface 28 of the anti-explosion chamber 18, so that hydrogen gas leaks and diffuses from the first nozzle 8 to the anti-explosion chamber 18 to form nonuniform hydrogen gas cloud, and sealing elements such as rubber rings can be arranged in a gap between the circular hole 44 and the first stainless steel pipe 6, so that the hydrogen gas entering the anti-explosion chamber 18 is prevented from escaping from the gap. The nozzle and the stainless steel pipe can be in threaded connection, and the thread size is the pipe thread of the dioxin minute.
In addition, the distance between the first nozzle 8 and the bottom surface 28 of the blast resistant enclosure 18 is adjustable. Specifically, the support 2 may adopt a liftable support structure, which may be manual or may be controlled by electric power, such as a linear actuator, e.g. a cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. By setting the distance between the first nozzle 8 and the bottom surface 28 of the antiknock cabin 18 to be adjustable, the test scene of hydrogen leakage at different heights is realized, and meanwhile, the coupling and diversity of the test working conditions are increased by combining the technical scheme that the leakage time based on the time relay 14 is adjustable and the hydrogen leakage pressure based on the leakage control subsystem is adjustable.
The first solenoid valve 12 and the second solenoid valve 13 are provided on two branches, i.e., the first stainless steel pipe 6 and the second stainless steel pipe 7, respectively, and are used to adjust the communication state of both the first nozzle 8 and the second nozzle 9 with the surge tank 1, respectively. The first nozzle 8 is located inside the antiknock chamber 18. The second nozzle 9 is located outside the antiknock chamber 18. Wherein, the structural design of the first nozzle 8 and the second nozzle 9 are completely consistent, and the structural design of the first stainless steel pipe 6 and the second stainless steel pipe 7 are completely consistent. Wherein, the first electromagnetic valve 12 adopts a normally closed hydrogen electromagnetic valve, and the second electromagnetic valve 13 adopts a normally open hydrogen electromagnetic valve.
The time relay 14 may be electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 12 and the second solenoid valve 13 through a plurality of first wires 15, respectively, to switch the energized states of the first solenoid valve 12 and the second solenoid valve 13, respectively. In this embodiment, the time relay 14 may be a commercially available time relay 14 with multiple controls, so as to realize that the leakage control subsystem can accurately control the time of hydrogen leakage. Of course, in other embodiments, the time relay 14 may be replaced by other control elements, so long as the state of the solenoid valve can be accurately adjusted in time or after a preset delay time, which will not be described herein.
The first and second mass flowmeters 10 and 11 are provided on the first and second stainless steel pipes 6 and 7, respectively, and correspond to the first and second solenoid valves 12 and 13, respectively. Along the hydrogen transmission direction of each stainless steel pipe, each mass flowmeter is positioned at the downstream of the corresponding electromagnetic valve, so that the hydrogen flow passing through the electromagnetic valve can be detected, and data support is provided for test research.
The data recording subsystem includes an image acquisition module and a plurality of groups of pressure acquisition modules, and can also include a signal conditioning instrument 34, an oscilloscope 35 and a synchronization trigger 36.
The image acquisition module is used to acquire images of the interior of the antiknock chamber 18 through the transparent viewing side. In this embodiment, the image acquisition module may employ a high-speed camera 37, which may be disposed directly in front of the glass surface of the antiknock chamber 18, capable of capturing a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame.
Each set of pressure acquisition modules is mounted in the height direction on a side wall surface of the antiknock chamber 18 and is used for acquiring a second pressure value at each acquisition point inside the antiknock chamber 18. In this embodiment, the pressure acquisition module may employ a pressure sensor. The number of the pressure sensors may be set to five groups, i.e., a first pressure sensor 29, a second pressure sensor 30, a third pressure sensor 31, a fourth pressure sensor 32 and a fifth pressure sensor 33, respectively mounted on five reserved threaded holes of the second side 21 of the antiknock chamber 18 for measuring the explosion overpressure of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure sensors may be provided in other numbers depending on the test requirements. The five groups of pressure sensors can be respectively connected with the signal conditioning instrument 34 through a plurality of signal wires 38, the signal conditioning instrument 34 can be connected with the oscilloscope 35 through a single signal wire 38, and the high-speed camera 37 and the oscilloscope 35 can be connected to the synchronous trigger 36 through a single signal wire 38.
The ignition subsystem is used to ignite the heterogeneous hydrogen cloud. In this embodiment, the ignition subsystem may include an ignition electrode 39, a pulse igniter 40, and may also include a second wire 41. The ignition electrode 39 and the pulse igniter 40 can be connected through a second wire 41, the pulse igniter 40 and the time relay 14 can also be connected through another second wire 41, so that delayed ignition can be realized by pressing the switch of the time relay 14, and the explosion can be performed after the non-uniform hydrogen cloud is formed in the explosion-proof cabin 18.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test method, which can be applied to the non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test system in embodiment 1. As shown in fig. 9, the test method includes the steps of:
s1, setting a distance H between the first nozzle 8 and the bottom surface 28 of the antiknock cabin 18.
The time relay 14 is provided with a delay time t1=100 s for energizing the ignition electrode 39, a delay time t2=120 s for de-energizing the first solenoid valve 12 (i.e., a distance between the energizing time of the ignition electrode 39 and the de-energizing time of the first solenoid valve 12 is 20 s), and the second solenoid valve 13 is set to be energized without a delay time.
S2, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic valve 12, opening the second electromagnetic valve 13 and the gas supply valve, so that hydrogen enters the buffer tank 1 and leaks from the second nozzle 9 into the open space environment outside the antiknock cabin 18, and monitoring the pressure value P in the buffer tank 1 in real time.
S3, determining the category of the currently-developed test research project. If a hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study of constant pressure leakage is performed, S31 is performed. If a hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study of non-constant pressure leakage is performed, S32 is performed.
S31, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value Pc, the flow rate of the hydrogen entering the buffer tank 1 is increased by controlling the gas supply valve. When p=pc, the opening of the supply valve is maintained, and the flow rate of hydrogen into the buffer tank 1 is adjusted by controlling the supply valve to maintain p=pc until the test is ended. In this embodiment, the preset pressure threshold Pc is 2.0MPa.
When a trigger signal is obtained, the first solenoid valve 12 is simultaneously opened, the second solenoid valve 13 is closed, and the non-uniform hydrogen gas cloud is ignited at a delay time T1 thereafter, and the delay time T2 closes the first solenoid valve 12.
Since the time relay 14 is also set in advance after the distance H is set, when the switch of the time relay 14 is pressed: the second electromagnetic valve 13 is energized to immediately close the hydrogen flow of the second stainless steel pipe 7, and the first electromagnetic valve 12 is also energized to immediately open the hydrogen flow of the first stainless steel pipe 6. The first solenoid valve 12 is automatically de-energized and the hydrogen flow through the first stainless steel tube 6 is closed at the subsequent 120s, and the supply of hydrogen to the explosion-proof chamber 18 is stopped. 100s after the time relay 14 is pressed down, the ignition ignites the non-uniform hydrogen gas cloud to generate explosion.
In this embodiment, the time relay 14 is used to switch and control the solenoid valve and the igniter, and the trigger signal is generated by pressing the switch of the time relay 14. In other embodiments, the opening and closing time sequences may be set according to the test method, and each execution step may be directly implemented by the controller.
S32, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value II Pic, the flow of the hydrogen entering the buffer tank 1 is increased by controlling the gas supply valve. When p=pic, the gas supply valve and the second solenoid valve 13 are simultaneously closed, the first solenoid valve 12 is opened, and the non-uniform hydrogen gas cloud is ignited at a delay time T1 thereafter, and the delay time T2 closes the first solenoid valve 12. In this embodiment, the preset pressure threshold value, two Pic, is 10.0MPa.
For S32, when p=pic, the switch of the time relay 14 can be pressed.
Wherein, while S31 and S32 ignite the nonuniform hydrogen cloud, the image in the antiknock cabin 18 and the data of the pressure value two are synchronously collected. In this embodiment, the switch of the synchronous trigger 36 may be pressed immediately after the switch of the time relay 14 is pressed, so as to complete one test.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but includes other specific forms of the same or similar structures that may be embodied without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing system, comprising:
an antiknock chamber (18) having a transparent viewing side;
a leak control subsystem for providing hydrogen to the antiknock chamber (18) required to form a non-uniform hydrogen cloud; the leakage control subsystem comprises a hydrogen cylinder group (17), a buffer tank (1), a pressure monitoring module, a first nozzle (8), a second nozzle (9), a first electromagnetic valve (12) and a second electromagnetic valve (13); the air supply end of the hydrogen cylinder group (17) is communicated with the air inlet of the buffer tank (1), and the air supply end is provided with an air supply valve for adjusting the flow; the pressure monitoring module is used for collecting a first pressure value in the buffer tank (1); the air outlet of the buffer tank (1) is respectively connected with the first nozzle (8) and the second nozzle (9) through two branches; the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13) are respectively arranged on the two branches and are respectively used for adjusting the communication state of the first nozzle (8) and the second nozzle (9) and the buffer tank (1); the first nozzle (8) is positioned inside the antiknock cabin (18); the second nozzle (9) is positioned outside the antiknock cabin (18);
the data recording subsystem comprises an image acquisition module and a plurality of groups of pressure acquisition modules; the image acquisition module is used for acquiring images in the anti-explosion cabin (18) through the transparent observation side; each group of pressure acquisition modules are sequentially arranged on the side wall surface of the antiknock cabin (18) along the height direction and are respectively used for acquiring a second pressure value at each acquisition point in the antiknock cabin (18); and
an ignition subsystem for igniting the non-uniform hydrogen cloud;
wherein, the structures of the first nozzle (8) and the second nozzle (9) and the structures of the corresponding branches are kept consistent; the leakage control subsystem further comprises a three-way joint (5), a first stainless steel pipe (6) and a second stainless steel pipe (7); one end of the three-way joint (5) is connected with the air outlet of the buffer tank (1), and the other two ends of the three-way joint are respectively connected with the first stainless steel pipe (6) and the second stainless steel pipe (7), so that two branches are formed; the tail ends of the first stainless steel pipe (6) and the second stainless steel pipe (7) are respectively connected with a first nozzle (8) and a second nozzle (9); the structural design of the first stainless steel tube (6) and the structural design of the second stainless steel tube (7) are completely consistent.
2. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing system according to claim 1, wherein said leak control subsystem further comprises a first mass flow meter (10) and a second mass flow meter (11); the first mass flowmeter (10) and the second mass flowmeter (11) are respectively arranged on the two branches and respectively correspond to the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13); along the hydrogen transmission direction on each branch, each mass flow meter is positioned downstream of the corresponding solenoid valve.
3. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing system according to claim 1, wherein said leakage control subsystem further comprises a time relay (14); the time relay (14) is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13) respectively so as to switch the energizing states of the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13) respectively.
4. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing system according to claim 3, wherein said ignition subsystem comprises an ignition electrode (39) and a pulse igniter (40); the ignition electrode (39) is electrically connected with the pulse igniter (40), and the pulse igniter (40) is electrically connected with the time relay (14) and is used for controlling the ignition electrode (39) to be electrified so as to ignite the non-uniform hydrogen cloud.
5. A heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion double flame testing system according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof cabin (18) adopts a cubic structure, and a discharge port (43) is arranged at the center of the top surface (19) of the explosion-proof cabin, and the discharge port (43) is used for discharging explosion overpressure generated by the heterogeneous hydrogen cloud; the antiknock compartment (18) comprises at least a first side (20), a second side (21) and a third side (27); the first side (20) is transparent plexiglass, the transparent viewing side; the second side surface (21) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes corresponding to a plurality of groups of pressure acquisition modules respectively, and the threaded holes are used for installing the pressure acquisition modules of each group; an explosion door (42) is arranged on the third side surface (27); a circular opening (44) is formed in the center of the bottom surface (28) of the antiknock cabin (18) and is used for the first nozzle (8) and the corresponding branch to pass through.
6. The heterogeneous hydrogen cloud explosion dual-flame testing system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure acquisition module employs a pressure sensor; the image acquisition module adopts a high-speed camera;
wherein the data recording subsystem further comprises a signal conditioning instrument (34), an oscilloscope (35) and a synchronous trigger (36); each group of pressure acquisition modules is connected with a signal conditioning instrument (34); the signal conditioning instrument (34) is connected with the oscilloscope (35); the image acquisition module and the oscilloscope (35) are respectively connected to the synchronous trigger (36).
7. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing system according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the first nozzle (8) and the bottom surface (28) of the anti-detonation chamber (18) is adjustable.
8. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame testing method, which is characterized in that the method is applied to a non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion double flame testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the test method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting a distance H between a first nozzle (8) and the bottom surface (28) of an antiknock cabin (18);
s2, simultaneously closing the first electromagnetic valve (12), opening the second electromagnetic valve (13) and the gas supply valve to enable hydrogen to enter the buffer tank (1) and leak from the second nozzle (9) into an open space environment outside the antiknock cabin (18), and monitoring a pressure value P in the buffer tank (1) in real time;
s3, determining the category of a currently developed test research project; if a constant pressure leakage hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study is performed, S31 is executed; if a hydrogen cloud explosion double flame test study of non-constant pressure leakage is performed, S32 is executed;
s31, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value Pc, increasing the flow of hydrogen entering the buffer tank (1) by controlling the gas supply valve; when p=pc, maintaining the opening of the supply valve, regulating the flow of hydrogen into the buffer tank (1) by controlling the supply valve to maintain p=pc until the end of the test;
when a trigger signal is acquired, simultaneously opening a first electromagnetic valve (12), closing a second electromagnetic valve (13), igniting the non-uniform hydrogen cloud in a delay time T1, and closing the first electromagnetic valve (12) in a delay time T2, wherein the interval between the ignition time of the non-uniform hydrogen cloud and the closing time of the first electromagnetic valve (12) is T2-T1; wherein T1 is less than T2;
s32, when the pressure value P is smaller than a preset pressure threshold value II Pic, increasing the flow of hydrogen entering the buffer tank (1) by controlling the gas supply valve; when p=pic, closing the gas supply valve and the second solenoid valve (13) simultaneously, opening the first solenoid valve (12), and igniting the non-uniform hydrogen cloud at a delay time T1 thereafter, the delay time T2 closing the first solenoid valve (12);
wherein, while S31 and S32 ignite the heterogeneous hydrogen cloud, synchronously acquiring images in the antiknock cabin (18) and data of the pressure value two.
9. A non-uniform hydrogen cloud explosion dual flame testing method according to claim 8, wherein said leak control subsystem of said testing system further comprises a time relay (14); the time relay (14) is respectively and electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13) so as to respectively switch the energizing states of the first electromagnetic valve (12) and the second electromagnetic valve (13); wherein, the first electromagnetic valve (12) adopts a normally closed hydrogen electromagnetic valve, and the second electromagnetic valve (13) adopts a normally open hydrogen electromagnetic valve; the ignition subsystem of the test system further comprises an ignition electrode (39) and a pulse igniter (40); the ignition electrode (39) is electrically connected with the pulse igniter (40), and the pulse igniter (40) is electrically connected with the time relay (14) and is used for controlling the ignition electrode (39) to be electrified so as to ignite the nonuniform hydrogen cloud;
after the distance H is set in S1, delay time T1 for energizing an ignition electrode (39) is set on a time relay (14), delay time T2 for powering off a first electromagnetic valve (12) is set, T1 is smaller than T2, and a second electromagnetic valve (13) is set to be energized without delay time; in S31, the trigger signal is obtained by pressing a switch of a time relay (14); in S32, when p=pic, the switch of the time relay (14) is also pressed at the same time.
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