CN111175434A - Experimental device for combustible gas combustion characteristic integrated test - Google Patents
Experimental device for combustible gas combustion characteristic integrated test Download PDFInfo
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- CN111175434A CN111175434A CN201811347320.9A CN201811347320A CN111175434A CN 111175434 A CN111175434 A CN 111175434A CN 201811347320 A CN201811347320 A CN 201811347320A CN 111175434 A CN111175434 A CN 111175434A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
Abstract
An experimental device for comprehensive testing of combustion characteristics of combustible gas belongs to the technical field of chemical combustible gas safety. The system comprises a gas distribution and premixing system, a gas component analyzer, a constant-temperature preheating furnace, an ignition system, a data acquisition system, a high-speed camera, a visual combustion tube and an adjustable fixed base. The gas distribution and premixing system can realize the full premixing simulation of different gas systems. The visual combustion pipe can select different diameters and shapes as required, and the influence of the condition and the pipe diameter change of the chemical gas transmission pipeline on the propagation of combustion reaction is researched. The experimental device can be used for researching the combustion characteristics of the small-flow chemical premixed combustible gas under the influence of factors such as different chemical combustible gas components, different preheating temperatures, different ignition positions and the like. The device has the advantages of simple operation, safety, reliability and comprehensive parameter test, can realize single variable control and pipe diameter adjustment, and has fundamental significance for the chemical combustible gas premixed combustion characteristic test technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical combustible gas safety, and particularly relates to an experimental device for comprehensively testing the combustion characteristics of combustible gas.
Background
Combustible gas has very important application in chemical industry. When the combustible gas is improperly controlled (such as leakage or release) and mixed with a combustion improver (such as air or oxygen) in the processes of production, storage, transportation and application, the premixed combustible gas is formed. When the premixed combustible gas is excited by proper external energy (such as electric spark discharge and the like), the premixed combustible gas can be ignited and spread in the form of combustion waves until the premixed combustible gas is developed into deflagration or even detonation, so that a major explosion accident is caused, and the major loss of life and property is caused. From the combustion technology, the deflagration or detonation reaction of the premixed combustible gas needs to go through a series of reaction expansion processes, and usually occurs in a closed system (such as a chemical storage tank, a gas long-distance pipeline and the like), and the early combustion wave propagation characteristics have a certain indication effect on the reaction expansion, so that the research on the combustion characteristics of the premixed combustible gas is necessary. At present, researches on premixed combustible gas explosion reaction propagation in chemical gas transmission pipelines at home and abroad are mostly concentrated on laminar flow, turbulent flow flame and a process of converting combustion into explosion, and the influences of combustible gas concentration, equivalence ratio, obstacles and the like in an opening and closing system on flame propagation speed are more concerned, while related researches on the influences of the diameter and structural form of the gas transmission pipeline on early reaction combustion waves and laminar flow flame structures are rare. In addition, the existing combustible gas combustion experimental device is more than the structural improvement of a combustion chamber or a combustion pipe, and is lack of an auxiliary system and a matched test system. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive experimental apparatus which can comprehensively consider the diameter of the burner tube, the structure of the burner tube, the premixed combustion pressure, the temperature, the gas composition, the propagation process of the reaction wave, the measurement of the flame structure, and the like.
The invention provides an experimental device for comprehensively testing the combustion characteristics of combustible gas, which is suitable for visual combustion tubes with various specifications and structural forms and aims to overcome the defects of the conventional experimental device. The combustible gas fully premixed and preheated enters the visible combustion tube through the air inlet tube, is ignited by high-voltage electrode discharge, and is matched with real-time monitoring and recording of flow, components, pressure, temperature and reaction process. The method is simple to operate, safe, reliable, high in test comprehensiveness, capable of achieving single variable control, and suitable for laboratory research of premixed combustible gas combustion characteristic tests and chemical gas combustion safety process condition researches, and further provides reference for actual chemical combustible gas production, storage and transportation technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive experimental device and a method which are simple and convenient to operate, safe, reliable, good in stability, variable in pipe diameter, comprehensive in testing means and capable of realizing the testing of the combustion characteristics of premixed combustible gas.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following means.
An experimental device for comprehensive testing of combustion characteristics of combustible gas comprises a gas distribution and premixing system, a gas component analyzer, a constant-temperature preheating furnace, an ignition system, a data acquisition system, a high-speed camera, a visual combustion tube and an adjustable fixing base.
The gas distribution and premixing system comprises a high-pressure gas storage bottle, a pressure reducing valve, a needle valve, a pressure gauge, a gas mass flowmeter, a one-way valve, a pressure sensor, a safety valve and a gas premixing tank; the high-pressure gas storage cylinder of each gas is connected with a pressure reducing valve, and a needle valve, a gas mass flowmeter and a one-way valve are sequentially connected behind the pressure reducing valve; different gases flow into a gas premixing tank through a one-way valve to be fully premixed, and the front end of the gas premixing tank is connected with a pressure sensor and a safety valve to monitor the system pressure in real time for safety protection; the outlet of the gas premixing tank is connected with a gas component analyzer through a needle valve, and gas components are analyzed on line; the outlet of the gas component analyzer is connected with a constant temperature preheating furnace, and the outlet of the constant temperature preheating furnace is connected with an air inlet pipe at the lower part of the visible combustion pipe through a needle valve and a wet flowmeter.
The air inlet pipe is connected from the bottom of the visible combustion pipe, so that the fully premixed and preheated mixed gas enters the combustion pipe for reaction; the visual combustion tube is of a vertically arranged cylindrical or square structure, the top of the visual combustion tube is a reaction flame outlet, and the bottom of the visual combustion tube is fixed through an adjustable fixing base; the adjustable fixed base consists of two clamping seats, the visible combustion pipe is fastened through a compression bolt, and the adjustable fixed base is fixed on a bottom plate of the fume hood; the wall surfaces of the visual combustion tube near the lower part, the middle part and the upper part are respectively connected with a discharge electrode, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
The ignition system consists of a high-voltage igniter, a discharge electrode and a synchronous controller; the discharge electrode is arranged on the wall surface of the lower portion of the visible combustion tube and used for igniting premixed gas, the ignition position is located on the center line of the visible combustion tube, and the position of the ignition source can be changed along the center line according to requirements.
The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the high-speed camera and the data acquisition system form an experimental test system, and a plurality of measuring points are arranged at the wall surface of the middle part and the upper part of the visible combustion tube, are used for installing the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, are connected with the data acquisition system and acquire and record temperature and pressure test data in real time; the high-voltage igniter, the data acquisition system and the high-speed camera are synchronously controlled by the synchronous controller; the combustible gas components and the concentration in the premixed gas are controlled by the mass flow meter and the gas component analyzer, and the premixed combustible gas with different components can be configured in a simulated mode through the gas distribution and premixing system.
The front end of the gas premixing tank is connected with a pressure sensor and a safety valve, so that the pressure of the system is monitored in real time, and the safety protection is enhanced.
The visual combustion pipe is of a cylindrical or square straight pipe structure, the wall surface is made of high-temperature-resistant organic glass, the visual combustion pipes with different diameters and shapes can be selected according to requirements, and the visual combustion pipe is used for simulating the conditions of different gas transmission pipelines and researching the influence of pipe diameters on combustion reaction propagation.
The constant-temperature preheating furnace can be a heating furnace or a water bath furnace, and heat preservation cotton is wrapped outside pipelines from an outlet of the constant-temperature preheating furnace to a gas delivery pipe and a gas inlet pipe at the bottom of the visible combustion pipe so as to ensure that preheated premixed gas smoothly enters the visible combustion pipe to react at a set temperature.
The bottom of the visual combustion pipe is fixed in an adjustable fixing base, the adjustable fixing base is composed of L-shaped double clamping seats, two bolt holes are formed in the vertical surface of each L-shaped clamping seat and used for arranging compression bolts to fasten the visual combustion pipe, the distance between the two compression bolt holes is larger than the maximum pipe diameter of the experimental visual combustion pipe, T-shaped grooves are formed in two sides of the horizontal bottom surface of each L-shaped clamping seat and fixed on an I-shaped sliding rail, the distance between the L-shaped clamping seats is adjusted according to the pipe diameter of the visual combustion pipe, a sealing rubber sheet is arranged at the contact position of the visual combustion pipe and the L-shaped clamping seats, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the bottom of the visual combustion; the bottom of the visual combustion pipe is connected with the air inlet pipe through a pipeline connecting hole on the operating platform.
The invention provides an experimental device and method for comprehensive testing of combustion characteristics of combustible gas, wherein the composition and concentration of premixed combustible gas can be adjusted according to requirements, and experimental test research can be carried out on the combustion characteristics and safe application process parameters of combustible gas in the chemical industry; the visible combustion tube realizes the whole-process visibility of the combustion reaction propagation process, and is beneficial to observing the structural change in the reaction expansion process and the reaction flame propagation process in real time; the adjustable fixing base realizes the fixation of combustion pipes with different pipe diameters and different shapes, and the research on the influence of the change of the pipe diameters and the combustion pipe structures on the combustion reaction characteristics of premixed combustible gas is realized; the single variable control is realized, and the influence of preheating temperature, component gas content, pipe diameter change, ignition position change, combustion pipe structure change and other factors on combustion characteristics can be analyzed respectively.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for comprehensive testing of combustion characteristics of combustible gas.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable fixing base.
FIG. 3 is O2CH at varying volume concentration4-CO2-O2And (4) a curve diagram of the change of the premixed combustion speed.
In the figure: 1 is a high-pressure gas storage cylinder; 2 is a pressure reducing valve; 3. 9, 12 are needle valves; 4. 13 is a gas mass flow meter; 5 is a one-way valve; 6. 18 is a pressure sensor; 7 is a safety valve; 8 is a gas premixing tank; 10 is a gas component analyzer; 11 is a constant temperature preheating furnace; 14 is a visual combustion tube; 15 is an air inlet pipe; 16 is an adjustable fixed base; 17 is a discharge electrode; 19 is a temperature sensor; 20 is a high voltage discharger; 21 is a synchronous controller; 22 is a high-speed camera; 23 is a data collector; 161 is an I-shaped sliding rail; 162 is an L-shaped clamping seat; 163 are hold-down bolts.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention, which will be described below.
The specific operation method of the combustion characteristic test experiment comprises the following steps: installing and debugging an experimental system to ensure that a gas distribution and premixing system, a gas component analyzer, a constant-temperature preheating furnace, an ignition system, a data acquisition system and a high-speed camera are in good states, and a visual combustion tube is connected and fastened with an adjustable fixed base and is well sealed with a supporting surface; the required premixed combustible gas is configured through a gas distribution and premixing system, gas A, gas B and gas C flow out through a high-pressure gas storage bottle 1, the outflow pressure is adjusted through a pressure reducing valve 2, the gas flow is adjusted through a needle valve 3, the gas flow is measured through a mass flow meter 4, and then the gas enters a gas premixing tank 8 through a one-way valve 5 to be fully premixed; opening the needle valve 9, and allowing the premixed combustible gas to enter a gas component analyzer 10 for component analysis of the premixed combustible gas; the analyzed premixed combustible gas enters a constant-temperature preheating furnace 11 to form premixed combustible gas with stable reaction temperature, and heat-insulating cotton is wrapped outside a gas pipeline through which the preheated premixed combustible gas flows so as to maintain a stable initial temperature condition; opening the needle valve 12, measuring the flow of the preheated premixed combustible gas through the gas mass flowmeter 13, entering the visible combustion tube 14 through the air inlet pipe 15, and continuing the air distribution and premixing process for 1min to ensure that the premixed combustible gas is uniformly distributed in the visible combustion tube 14 to form a state similar to a static state; starting the high-voltage discharger 20 to raise the output voltage to a preset ignition voltage; starting the synchronous controller 21, the high-speed camera 22 and the data acquisition system 23 to be in a waiting state; starting a synchronous controller 21, sequentially triggering a high-voltage discharger 20, a discharge electrode 17, a high-speed camera 22 and a data acquisition system 23 according to preset time, and measuring and recording test data in the combustion reaction propagation process in real time; after the first combustion characteristic test experiment is completed, storing image data of the high-speed camera 22 and signal data such as pressure and temperature recorded by the data acquisition system 23; shutting down the high voltage discharger 20; closing the needle valve 9 and the needle valve 3 in sequence, and cutting off the air supply source; the visual burner tube 14 is cleaned and then ready for the next experimental procedure.
The experimental device can realize the combustion characteristic test of gas premixing systems of different types and different quantities by changing the types and the quantities of the high-pressure gas storage cylinders 1, at least 1 gas in the premixing gas system should be combustible gas, the concentration of the combustible gas is not lower than the lower limit of the ignition concentration of the combustible gas, and the concentration of each component in the premixed combustible gas is changed by adjusting the front needle type valve 3 of the high-pressure gas storage cylinder.
The experimental device for the comprehensive test of the combustion characteristics of the combustible gas is simple to operate and can realize single variable control.
The preheating temperature range of the constant-temperature preheating furnace 11 is 0-100 ℃, the requirements of production, storage and transportation processes of combustible gas are met, and the influence of the preheating temperature on the combustion characteristics of the premixed combustible gas can be analyzed; the needle valve 3 and the needle valve 17 can be adjusted to control the flow of the premixed combustible gas entering the visible combustion pipe, so that the influence of the gas flow on the combustion characteristic of the premixed combustible gas is analyzed; adjusting a front needle valve 3 of the high-pressure gas storage cylinder to change the concentration of each component in the premixed combustible gas and analyzing the influence of the concentration of a certain component on the combustion characteristic of the premixed combustible gas; by replacing the visible burner tube 14, the influence of the tube diameter and the structure shape of the burner tube on the combustion characteristics of the premixed combustible gas can be analyzed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the adjustable stationary base 16 of the present invention. The visual combustion tube 14 is arranged between the two L-shaped bases 162, the visual combustion tube 14 is fastened through the two fixing compression bolts 163, the L-shaped bases 162 and the side wall of the visual combustion tube 14 are fastened through films, and meanwhile, the visual combustion tube 14 is protected; t-shaped grooves are reserved on two sides of the bottom of the L-shaped base 162 and fixed on the I-shaped sliding rails 161, and the I-shaped sliding rails 161 are fixed on the operating platform; the bottom of the visible combustion tube 14 is pressed on the operation table through a sealing ring.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1.
Examples with CH4-CO2-O2For the subject, O in the premixed combustible gas was added at a stoichiometric ratio of 1.02Respectively at 25.5%, 28.9%, 31.0% and 33.5%, preheating at constant temperature of 25 deg.C, selecting a circular visual combustion tube with inner diameter of 8mm and length of 360mm, and performing O with the combustion characteristic test experimental apparatus shown in figure 12The results of experiments on the influence of volume concentration on the combustion speed of premixed combustible gas are shown in figure 3, and the results are shown along with O2Increase in volume concentration, CH4-CO2-O2The premixed combustion reaction rate increases significantly.
Portions of the invention not disclosed in detail are well within the skill of the art.
Claims (6)
1. An experimental device for comprehensively testing the combustion characteristics of combustible gas comprises a gas distribution and premixing system, a gas component analyzer, a constant-temperature preheating furnace, an ignition system, a data acquisition system, a high-speed camera, a visual combustion tube and an adjustable fixed base; the gas distribution and premixing system is characterized by comprising a high-pressure gas storage bottle (1), a pressure reducing valve (2), a needle valve (3), a gas mass flow meter (4), a one-way valve (5), a pressure sensor (6), a safety valve (7) and a gas premixing tank (8); the high-pressure gas storage bottle (1) of each gas is connected with a pressure reducing valve (2), and a needle valve (3), a gas mass flow meter (4) and a one-way valve (5) are sequentially connected behind the pressure reducing valve (2); different gases flow into a gas premixing tank (8) through a one-way valve (5) to be fully premixed, the front end of the gas premixing tank (8) is connected with a pressure sensor (6) and a safety valve (7), the pressure of the system is monitored in real time, and safety protection is carried out; the outlet of the gas premixing tank (8) is connected with a gas component analyzer (10) through a needle valve (9), and gas components are analyzed on line; the outlet of the gas component analyzer (10) is connected with a constant-temperature preheating furnace (11), and the outlet of the constant-temperature preheating furnace (11) is connected with an air inlet pipe (15) at the lower part of a visible combustion pipe (14) through a needle valve (12) and a gas mass flowmeter (13); the air inlet pipe (15) is connected from the bottom of the visible combustion pipe (14), so that the fully premixed and preheated mixed gas enters the combustion pipe for reaction; the visual combustion tube (14) is of a vertically placed cylindrical or square structure, the top of the visual combustion tube (14) is a reaction flame outlet, the bottom of the visual combustion tube (14) is fixed on an I-shaped sliding rail (161) through an adjustable fixing base (16), and the I-shaped sliding rail (161) is fixed on an operation table; the adjustable fixed base (16) consists of double clamping seats, and the visible combustion pipe (14) is fastened through a compression bolt (163); the wall surfaces of the visual combustion pipe (14) near the lower part, the middle part and the upper part are respectively connected with a discharge electrode (17), a pressure sensor (18) and a temperature sensor (19); the ignition system consists of a high-voltage igniter (20), a discharge electrode (17) and a synchronous controller (21); the discharge electrode (17) is arranged on the wall surface of the lower part of the visible combustion tube (14) and is used for igniting premixed gas, the ignition position is positioned on the central line of the visible combustion tube (14), and the position of the ignition position can be changed along the central line according to requirements; the pressure sensor (18), the temperature sensor (19), the high-speed camera (22) and the data collector (23) form an experimental test system, a plurality of test points are arranged at the wall surface of the middle part and the upper part of the visible combustion pipe (14) and used for mounting the pressure sensor (18) and the temperature sensor (19) and connected with the data collector (23) to collect and record temperature and pressure test data in real time; the high-voltage igniter (20), the data collector (23) and the high-speed camera (22) are synchronously controlled by the synchronous controller (21); the combustible gas components and the concentration in the premixed gas are controlled by the mass flow meters (4, 13) and the gas component analyzer (10), and the premixed combustible gas with different components can be configured in a simulated mode through the gas distribution and premixing system.
2. The experimental facility according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution and premixing system comprises a high pressure gas cylinder (1), a pressure reducing valve (2), a needle valve (3), a gas mass flow meter (4), a one-way valve (5), a pressure sensor (6), a safety valve (7) and a gas premixing tank (8); the high-pressure gas storage bottle (1) of each gas is connected with a pressure reducing valve (2), and a needle valve (3), a gas mass flow meter (4) and a one-way valve (5) are sequentially connected behind the pressure reducing valve (2); a plurality of gases (the gas type n is more than or equal to 2) flow into the gas premixing tank (8) through the one-way valve (5) to be fully premixed.
3. The experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front end of the gas premixing tank (8) is connected with a pressure sensor (6) and a safety valve (7) to monitor the system pressure in real time and enhance the safety protection.
4. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visual combustion tube (14) is a cylindrical or square straight tube structure, the wall surface is made of high-temperature-resistant organic glass, and the visual combustion tube (14) with different diameters and shapes can be selected as required to simulate the conditions of different gas transmission pipelines and study the influence of the tube diameter on the propagation of combustion reaction.
5. The experimental facility according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the constant temperature preheating furnace (11) can be a heating furnace or a water bath furnace, and the pipeline from the outlet of the constant temperature preheating furnace (11) to the air inlet pipe (15) at the bottom of the visible combustion pipe (14) is wrapped with heat insulation cotton to ensure that the preheated premixed gas smoothly enters the visible combustion pipe (14) to react at a predetermined temperature.
6. The experimental device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the bottom of the visual combustion tube (14) is fixed in an adjustable fixing base (16), the adjustable fixing base (16) is composed of L-shaped double clamping seats, two bolt holes are arranged on the vertical surface of the L-shaped clamping seat (162) and used for arranging compression bolts (163) to fasten the visual combustion tube (14), the distance between the two compression bolts (163) is larger than the maximum pipe diameter of the visual combustion tube (14) for experiment, and a T-shaped groove is arranged below the horizontal bottom surface of the L-shaped clamping seat (162) and fixed on an I-shaped sliding rail (161) so as to be adjusted according to the pipe diameter of the visual combustion tube (14); the I-shaped sliding rail (161) is fixed on the operating platform; a sealing rubber sheet is arranged at the contact position of the visual combustion pipe (14) and the L-shaped clamping seat (162), and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the bottom of the visual combustion pipe (14) to play the roles of fastening, protecting and sealing; the bottom opening of the visible combustion pipe (14) is butted with a pipeline connecting hole of an air inlet pipe (15) on the operating platform.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811347320.9A CN111175434A (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Experimental device for combustible gas combustion characteristic integrated test |
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| CN201811347320.9A CN111175434A (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Experimental device for combustible gas combustion characteristic integrated test |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114813137A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Constant volume bomb air inlet and exhaust controllable air exchange bottle system |
| CN114910600A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Combustion behavior visualization test device and method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-13 CN CN201811347320.9A patent/CN111175434A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114910600A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Combustion behavior visualization test device and method |
| CN114813137A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Constant volume bomb air inlet and exhaust controllable air exchange bottle system |
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Application publication date: 20200519 |