CN116618973B - Forming method for forming automobile axle housing by using steel plate - Google Patents
Forming method for forming automobile axle housing by using steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN116618973B CN116618973B CN202310853846.9A CN202310853846A CN116618973B CN 116618973 B CN116618973 B CN 116618973B CN 202310853846 A CN202310853846 A CN 202310853846A CN 116618973 B CN116618973 B CN 116618973B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method for forming an automobile axle housing by utilizing a steel plate, which comprises the steps of selecting materials, placing the steel plate raw materials into a preforming die, carrying out stretching deformation through the preforming die to form an axle housing precast slab, placing the axle housing precast slab into an axle housing pipe blank die, carrying out orderly extrusion through the axle housing pipe blank die to form an axle housing pipe blank, placing the axle housing pipe blank on automatic welding equipment, carrying out axial straight seam welding filling on the middle part of the axle housing pipe blank by the automatic welding equipment to obtain a special-shaped axle housing pipe blank, placing the welded special-shaped axle housing pipe blank into a plurality of station shrinkage dies, carrying out orderly extrusion on two ends of the special-shaped axle housing pipe blank for a plurality of times by the station shrinkage dies, and gradually deforming two ends of the special-shaped axle housing pipe blank into axle housing shaft heads to form an automobile axle housing product. According to the forming method, the steel plate raw material can be integrally formed into the automobile axle housing, so that the overall accuracy of the automobile axle housing is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile axle housings, in particular to a molding method for molding an automobile axle housing by using a steel plate
Background
The automobile axle is used as a main accessory of a bearing type automobile, the important functions of automobile load, power transmission and running safety are taken into consideration, the axle housing is used as a structural load main body of the automobile axle, and the quality of the axle housing also determines the performance quality of the automobile axle.
Currently, axle housings are generally classified into three types, namely, a multi-segment tailor-welded type, a three-segment tailor-welded type, and an integrally cast type. The multi-section tailor-welded axle housing and the three-section tailor-welded axle housing are all in a tailor-welded connection process, so that a plurality of welded parts exist, the welding area of a product is larger, a large amount of welding deformation is generated, and the unavoidable quality problems such as oil leakage, unstable welding, large whole deformation and the like, and the problems such as poor market feedback and the like can also occur. In addition, the welding process is a welding combination type, so that the manufactured formed axle housing tube blank is generally poor in bearing capacity, and the integral bearing capacity is limited.
The existing integral casting type axle housing can solve various quality problems of the splice welding type, but the existing casting type axle housing has the problems of higher integral manufacturing cost, higher production pollution, high cost input and the like due to process limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides the forming method which is used for forming the automobile axle housing by utilizing the steel plate, has high performance price, is formed by stamping the steel plate, has low overall cost, can integrally form the automobile axle housing, has high overall precision, well solves the quality defects of overall strength, oil leakage and the like, and greatly improves the bearing performance of the automobile axle housing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a molding method for molding an automotive axle housing by using a steel plate, the molding method comprising the steps of:
step 1) selecting materials: selecting a steel plate raw material with the length L1, the width L2 and the thickness H;
step 2) preforming of axle housing precast slabs: putting the steel plate raw material into a preforming die, and carrying out stretching deformation to obtain a bridge shell precast slab through the preforming die;
step 3) forming a axle housing tube blank: placing the axle housing precast slab obtained by the molding in the step 2) into an axle housing pipe blank mold, and orderly extruding through the axle housing pipe blank mold to change the axle housing precast slab into an axle housing pipe blank;
and 4) forming a special-shaped axle housing tube blank: placing the axle housing tube blank obtained by molding in the step 3) on automatic welding equipment, and filling the middle part of the axle housing tube blank by axial straight seam welding by the automatic welding equipment to obtain a special-shaped axle housing tube blank;
step 5) molding an automobile axle housing: and (3) placing the special-shaped axle housing tube blank welded in the step (4) into a plurality of station shrinkage tube molds, and orderly extruding the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank for a plurality of times by the plurality of station shrinkage tube molds to gradually deform the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank into axle housing shaft heads so as to form an automobile axle housing product.
Further, in step 2), an upper die of the pre-forming die is provided with an upper die floating pressing plate, a lower die of the pre-forming die is provided with a lower die floating pressing plate, a lifting structure and a lower die base are arranged below the lower die of the pre-forming die, the lifting structure is arranged in the lower die base, the lower die is arranged on the lower die base through the lifting structure, a lower die stretching male die is arranged on the lower die base, the lower die stretching male die is embedded in the lower die and is opposite to the upper die floating pressing plate, the upper die floating pressing plate is provided with a female die structure opposite to the lower die stretching male die up and down, a steel plate raw material is placed on the lower die of the pre-forming die, the upper die of the pre-forming die is driven to move downwards by a hydraulic machine, when the upper die and the lower die are matched, the lower die stretches and jacks into the female die structure of the upper die floating pressing plate, the steel plate raw material is stretched and deformed into a shell precast slab, the female die structure is a copying female die of the bridge shell rear cover bulge formed by stretching the steel plate raw material, and the middle part of the bridge shell precast slab is a bridge shell precast bridge shell bulge.
Further, in the step 3), the axle housing tube blank mold consists of a molding insert, a molding cavity and an upper molding punch, wherein a left inner core rod and a right inner core rod are respectively arranged at two ends of the molding cavity along the longitudinal direction, the right inner core rod and the left inner core rod are respectively connected with a first push rod structure and a second push rod structure, extrusion blocks are respectively arranged at two sides of the molding cavity along the transverse direction, the extrusion blocks at two sides are respectively connected with a first extrusion driving structure and a second extrusion driving structure, and an axle housing prefabricated slab for manufacturing the axle housing tube blank is placed into the molding cavity in the longitudinal posture along the longitudinal direction of the molding cavity and is driven by a hydraulic press to move downwards to perform die closing and pressing actions; after the die closing action is completed, the upper molding male die is driven to move upwards to open the die, the primary molded tube blank is molded, two sides of the primary molded tube blank are protruded upwards, the molding insert is placed into a middle cavity of the primary molded tube blank, a first push rod structure and a second push rod structure respectively drive a right inner core rod and a left inner core rod to move towards the middle, the right inner core rod and the left inner core rod are synchronously inserted into two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank along the axial direction, and then the extrusion blocks on two sides are synchronously driven by a first extrusion driving structure and a second extrusion driving structure to bidirectionally and inwards extrude the primary molded tube blank in the die, so that the protruded parts on two sides of the primary molded tube blank are bent towards the middle to wrap the two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank, and finally the molding insert is taken out from the inside of the axle housing to obtain the axle housing tube blank.
Further, in step 4), the automatic welding device comprises a welding workbench, two groups of positioning structures and a welding manipulator, the two groups of positioning structures are mutually installed on the welding workbench at intervals, the axle housing tube blank obtained by molding in step 3) is placed on the welding workbench of the automatic welding device, the axle housing tube blank is placed by the two groups of positioning structures to be clamped and positioned, and the welding manipulator is used for filling the straight seam of the axial opening in the middle of the axle housing tube blank to form the special-shaped axle housing tube blank.
Further, in step 5), a correction inner core is installed in each station shrinkage tube mold, each station shrinkage tube mold and each station shrinkage tube mold are distributed at intervals, two ends of a special-shaped axle housing tube blank are respectively inserted into each station shrinkage tube mold, two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank are gradually extruded and reduced through each station shrinkage tube mold in sequence, finally an axle housing round stepped shaft head is formed at two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank, and the axle housing round stepped shaft head is taken out of the shrinkage tube mold to obtain an automobile axle housing product.
Further, in step 5), the middle part of the automobile axle housing product is provided with an assembly platform and a round opening, two ends of the automobile axle housing product are provided with round stepped axle heads, and the rear cover bulge is in a bulge shape.
Further, each group of positioning structure is composed of a telescopic cylinder, two positioning clamps and a positioning seat, the positioning seat is arranged on a welding platform, the two positioning clamps are symmetrically arranged on the positioning seat, a gap is formed between the two positioning clamps so that a bridge shell tube blank is placed in, the telescopic cylinder is arranged on the front side of the positioning seat, a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder penetrates through the positioning seat to be connected with one of the positioning clamps, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder stretches out and draws back, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder drives the positioning clamp connected with the piston rod to move, so that the gap distance between the two positioning clamps is adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the forming method comprises the steps of selecting materials, placing steel plate raw materials into a pre-forming die, carrying out stretching deformation through the pre-forming die to form an axle housing precast slab, placing the axle housing precast slab into an axle housing pipe blank die, carrying out orderly extrusion through the axle housing pipe blank die to form an axle housing pipe blank, placing the axle housing pipe blank on automatic welding equipment, carrying out axial straight seam welding filling on the middle part of the axle housing pipe blank by the automatic welding equipment to obtain a special-shaped axle housing pipe blank, placing the welded special-shaped axle housing pipe blank into a plurality of station shrinkage tube dies, carrying out orderly extrusion on two ends of the special-shaped axle housing pipe blank for a plurality of times through the plurality of station shrinkage tube dies, and gradually deforming two ends of the special-shaped axle housing pipe blank into axle housing shaft heads to form an automobile axle housing product. The forming method can change the steel plate raw material into the integrally formed automobile axle housing, the integrally formed automobile axle housing product structure is high in integral precision, combination errors can be avoided, the integral precision is higher, the forming process steps are simplified, the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the production cost is greatly reduced, only one welding seam is needed in the forming method, the appearance of the formed product is simpler and more attractive, the welding area can be effectively reduced, the welding quality problem is greatly reduced, the automobile axle housing is integrally formed, the integral structure load resistance of the automobile axle housing is higher, the bearing performance of the automobile axle housing is greatly improved, all axle housing types can be effectively covered, and the standardized and unified development of the axle housing in the industry can be effectively promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for forming an automotive axle housing from a sheet steel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the steel sheet material of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the preform mold of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a forming process of the steel plate raw material deformation into the axle housing precast slab.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the axle housing preform slab of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the axle housing tube blank mold of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a forming process of the axle housing preform blank of the present invention formed into an axle housing tube blank by an axle housing tube blank mold.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the axle housing preform slab into an axle housing tube blank according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a forming process of the axle housing tube blank of the present invention changed into a special-shaped axle housing tube blank by an automatic welding device.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a forming process of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank of the invention into an automobile axle housing product through the deformation of a shrinkage tube die.
In the figure: the pre-forming die 1, the upper die 11, the upper die floating pressing plate 12, the lower die 13, the lower die floating pressing plate 14, the lifting structure 15, the lower top sliding plate 151, the lower top oil cylinder 152, the lower die base 16, the lower die stretching punch 17, the upper die spring guide column group 18, the lower die spring guide column group 19, the lower die guide block 120, the stretching guide column 121, the steel plate raw material 2, the axle housing precast slab 3, the axle housing tube blank die 4, the forming insert 41, the forming cavity 42, the upper forming punch 43, the left inner core rod 44, the right inner core rod 45, the first push rod structure 46, the second push rod structure 47, the pressing block 48, the first pressing driving structure 49, the second pressing driving structure 410, the axle housing tube blank 5, the primary forming tube blank 51, the automatic welding device 6, the welding workbench 61, the positioning structure 62, the positioning fixture 621, the positioning seat 622, the telescopic cylinder 623, the welding manipulator 63, the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7, the pipe die 8, the axle housing shaft 9, the automobile axle housing product 10 and the rear cover 101.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the principles of the invention by way of example, and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings to which reference is made, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a molding method for molding an automobile axle housing using a steel plate, the molding method comprising the steps of:
step 1) selecting materials: selecting a steel plate raw material 2 with the length L1, the width L2 and the thickness H;
step 2) preforming of the axle housing precast slab 3: putting a steel plate raw material 2 into a preforming die 1, and performing stretching deformation through the preforming die 1 to form an axle housing precast slab 3;
step 3) forming a axle housing tube blank 5: the axle housing precast slab 3 obtained by the molding in the step 2) is placed into an axle housing pipe blank mold 4, and is sequentially extruded through the axle housing pipe blank mold 4 to be deformed into an axle housing pipe blank 5;
step 4) forming a special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7: then placing the axle housing tube blank 5 obtained by molding in the step 3) on automatic welding equipment 6, and filling the middle part of the axle housing tube blank 5 by axial straight seam welding by the automatic welding equipment 6 to obtain a special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7;
step 5) molding an automobile axle housing: and (3) placing the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 welded in the step (4) into a plurality of station shrinkage dies 8, and orderly extruding the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 for a plurality of times by the plurality of station shrinkage dies 8, so that the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 are gradually deformed into axle housing shaft heads 9 to form an automobile axle housing product 10.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, in the implementation of the present invention, the forming of the axle housing precast slab 3 with respect to step 2) includes: the upper die 11 of the pre-forming die 1 is provided with an upper die floating pressure plate 12, the lower die 13 of the pre-forming die 1 is provided with a lower die floating pressure plate 14, when the upper die floating pressure plate 12 is subjected to the pressure of the lower die 13, the upper die floating pressure plate 12 can retract upwards, the lower die floating pressure plate 14 can retract downwards after being subjected to the pressure of the upper die 11, the lower die floating pressure plate 14 can retract downwards, a lifting structure 15 and a lower die base 16 are arranged below the lower die 13 of the pre-forming die 1, the lifting structure 15 is arranged in the lower die base 16, the lower die 13 is arranged on the lower die base 16 through the lifting structure 15, a lower die stretching punch 17 is arranged on the lower die base 16, the lower die 13 is embedded in the lower die 13 in a stretching punch 17 and is opposite to the upper die floating pressure plate 12, the steel plate raw material 2 is placed on the lower die 13 of the pre-forming die 1, the upper die 11 is driven to move downwards by a hydraulic press, the upper die 11 and the lower die 11 is bulged into a die bridge cover 11, the die 11 is stretched, the die is stretched into the die shell of the die plate blank 3, and the die is deformed into the die shell 3, and the die shell is stretched into the bridge cover 3 after the die is stretched into the die shell 3.
The upper die floating pressing plate 12 is arranged on the upper die 11 through the plurality of upper die spring guide pillar groups 18 to form a structure capable of floating up and down, and the lower die floating pressing plate 14 is arranged in the lower die 13 through the plurality of lower die spring guide pillar groups 19 to form a structure capable of floating up and down, so that sufficient pressing pressure of the upper die floating pressing plate 12 and the lower die floating pressing plate 14 is ensured, and the steel plate raw material 2 is better pressed.
A plurality of lower die guide blocks 120 are arranged on the lower die 13 at positions close to the edges, and a lower die floating pressing plate 14 is movably arranged on each lower die guide block 120, and the lower die guide blocks 120 play a role in movable guide, so that the lower die floating pressing plate 14 is more stable when moving up and down; a movable gap is formed between the top surface of the lower die guide block 120 and the lower die floating pressure plate 14, so that the lower die floating pressure plate 14 can move relative to the lower die guide block 120.
The lifting structure 15 of the preforming die 1 consists of a lower top sliding plate 151 and a lower top oil cylinder 152, the lower top sliding plate 151 is connected with a telescopic rod of the lower top oil cylinder 152 to form a structure capable of moving up and down, the lower die 13 is fixedly connected with the lower top sliding plate 151, a plurality of stretching guide posts 121 are arranged on the lower top sliding plate 151, the upper part of each stretching guide post 121 penetrates through the upper end of a lower die base 16, and the lower die 13 is fixed at the top end of the stretching guide post 121.
The invention can also carry out trimming operation on the steel plate raw material 2 by downwards compressing the lower die floating pressing plate 14 through the upper die 11, and the trimming process for the steel material comprises the following steps: the hydraulic press drives the upper die 11 of the preformed die 1 to move downwards, when the upper die 11 descends to be attached to the steel plate raw material 2, as the upper die 11 continuously presses down the die 13 under pressure, the upper die floating pressing plate 12 starts to retract upwards after being acted by the pressure of the lower die 13, meanwhile, the lower die floating pressing plate 14 starts to retract downwards under pressure, at the moment, the upper die 11 upwards retracts to form a female die cutting edge because of the upper die floating pressing plate 12, the lower die 13 downwards retracts to form a male die cutting edge because of the lower die floating pressing plate 14, the steel plate raw material 2 gradually completes profiling cutting action under continuous closing pressing of the female die cutting edge and the male die cutting edge, and the blanking plate edge is cut off to form a plate with a required shape.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the process of forming the axle housing preform slab 3 according to the present invention further includes: the hydraulic press drives the upper die 11 to continuously lower the lower die 13, drives the stretching guide pillar 121 on the lower die 13 to press the lower top sliding plate 151 and the lower top oil cylinder 152 to move downwards until the upper die 11, the lower die 13 and the die are closed, and the trimmed steel plate raw material 2 finishes the bulge profiling stretching of the axle housing rear cover 101 under the action of the lower die stretching punch 17, so that the axle housing precast slab 3 is obtained. Under the control of the hydraulic press, the upper die 11 is lifted upwards to return to a proper position, then the lower top oil cylinder 152 starts to drive the lower top sliding plate 151 to push the lower die stretching guide pillar 121, the lower die 13 and the axle housing precast slab 3 upwards to move, and after the lower die and the axle housing precast slab 3 move to a proper position to stop, the material returning action is completed, the axle housing precast slab 3 is taken out, and the forming and manufacturing of the axle housing precast slab 3 are completed.
The axle housing precast slab 3 molding process provided by the invention can realize one-time molding of the steel plate raw material 2 by stretching and trimming, not only is the precision higher, but also the processing efficiency is greatly improved, the process can be suitable for mold molding of the steel plate raw material 2 with different thickness, stretching and trimming are completed by the same preforming mold 1, the preforming mold 1 does not need to be replaced, a product is not required to be transported, the molding operation is more convenient, and the cost of the preforming mold 1 is lower.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, in the concrete implementation of the present invention, the forming process of the axle housing tube blank 5 in step 3) further includes: the axle housing tube blank die 4 consists of a forming insert 41, a forming cavity 42 and an upper forming male die 43, wherein a left inner core rod 44 and a right inner core rod 45 are respectively arranged at two ends of the forming cavity 42 along the longitudinal direction, the right inner core rod 45 and the left inner core rod 44 are respectively connected with a first push rod structure 46 and a second push rod structure 47, two sides of the forming cavity 42 are respectively provided with an extrusion block 48 along the transverse direction, the extrusion blocks 48 at two sides are respectively connected with a first extrusion driving structure 49 and a second extrusion driving structure 410, and an axle housing prefabricated blank 3 for manufacturing the axle housing tube blank 5 is placed into the forming cavity 42 in a longitudinal posture along the longitudinal direction of the forming cavity 42 and is driven by a hydraulic press to move downwards so as to perform die assembly pressing actions; after the die closing operation is completed, the upper molding male die 43 is driven by a hydraulic press to move upwards to open the die, so as to obtain a primary molded tube blank 51, two sides of the primary molded tube blank 51 are protruded upwards, then the molding insert 41 is placed into a middle cavity of the primary molded tube blank 51, the right inner core rod 45 and the left inner core rod 44 are respectively driven by the first push rod structure 46 and the second push rod structure 47 to move towards the middle, and are synchronously inserted into two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank 51 along the axial direction, then the primary molded tube blank 51 in the die is bidirectionally and inwards extruded by the first extrusion driving structure 49 and the second extrusion driving structure 410 through the extrusion blocks 48 on two sides which are synchronously driven by the first extrusion driving structure 49 and the second extrusion driving structure 410, two sides of the primary molded tube blank 51 are bent towards the middle, two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank 51 are wrapped, and finally the molding insert 41 is taken out from the inside of an axle housing so as to obtain an axle housing tube blank 5.
As shown in fig. 9, in step 4), the automatic welding apparatus 6 includes a welding table 61, two sets of positioning structures 62, and a welding manipulator 63, the two sets of positioning structures 62 are mounted on the welding table 61 at intervals, the axle housing tube blank 5 formed in step 3) is placed on the welding table 61 of the automatic welding apparatus 6, the two sets of positioning structures 62 clamp and position the axle housing tube blank 5, and the welding manipulator 63 fills the axial opening in the middle of the axle housing tube blank 5 to form the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7. In particular, when each set of positioning structure 62 is implemented by a telescopic cylinder 623, two positioning clamps 621 and a positioning seat 622, the positioning seat 622 is mounted on a welding platform, the two positioning clamps 621 are symmetrically mounted on the positioning seat 622, a gap is formed between the two positioning clamps 621, so that a bridge shell tube blank 5 is placed in, the telescopic cylinder 623 is mounted on the front side of the positioning seat 622, a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 623 penetrates through the positioning seat 622 to be connected with one of the positioning clamps 621, the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 623 stretches and contracts, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 623 drives the positioning clamp 621 connected with the piston rod to move, so that the gap distance between the two positioning clamps 621 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 10, in the concrete implementation of the present invention, a correction inner core is installed in each station shrinking mold 8, each station shrinking mold 8 and each station shrinking mold 8 are distributed at intervals, two ends of a special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 are respectively inserted into each station shrinking mold 8, two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 are sequentially extruded and reduced step by step through each station shrinking mold 8, finally, two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank 7 are formed with axle housing circular stepped shaft heads, and then are taken out from the shrinking molds 8 to obtain an automobile axle housing product 10, in the concrete implementation, the middle part of the formed automobile axle housing product 10 is an assembly platform and a circular opening, two ends are axle housing circular stepped shaft heads, and the rear cover 101 is bulged to be in a bulge shape.
The present invention has been described in detail in the foregoing description with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, and the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but is intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A molding method for molding an automobile axle housing by using a steel plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the molding method comprises the following steps:
step 1) selecting materials: selecting a steel plate raw material with the length L1, the width L2 and the thickness H;
step 2) preforming of axle housing precast slabs: putting the steel plate raw material into a preforming die, and carrying out stretching deformation to obtain a bridge shell precast slab through the preforming die;
the upper die of the preforming die is provided with an upper die floating pressing plate, the lower die of the preforming die is provided with a lower die floating pressing plate, a lifting structure and a lower die base are arranged below the lower die of the preforming die, the lifting structure is arranged in the lower die base, the lower die is arranged on the lower die base through the lifting structure, a lower die stretching male die is arranged on the lower die base and is embedded in the lower die and is opposite to the upper die floating pressing plate, the upper die floating pressing plate is provided with a female die structure which is opposite to the lower die stretching male die up and down, a steel plate raw material is placed on the lower die of the preforming die, the upper die of the preforming die is driven by a hydraulic press to move downwards to realize the die closing movement of the upper die and the lower die, when the upper die and the lower die are closed, the lower die stretching male die is pushed into the female die structure of the upper die floating pressing plate, the steel plate raw material is stretched and deformed to form a bridge shell precast slab, and the female die structure is a copying female die of the bridge shell rear cover bulge which enables the middle part of the bridge shell precast slab;
step 3) forming a axle housing tube blank: placing the axle housing precast slab obtained by the molding in the step 2) into an axle housing pipe blank mold, and orderly extruding through the axle housing pipe blank mold to change the axle housing precast slab into an axle housing pipe blank;
and 4) forming a special-shaped axle housing tube blank: placing the axle housing tube blank obtained by molding in the step 3) on automatic welding equipment, and filling the middle part of the axle housing tube blank by axial straight seam welding by the automatic welding equipment to obtain a special-shaped axle housing tube blank;
step 5) molding an automobile axle housing: and (3) placing the special-shaped axle housing tube blank welded in the step (4) into a plurality of station shrinkage tube molds, and orderly extruding the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank for a plurality of times by the plurality of station shrinkage tube molds to gradually deform the two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank into axle housing shaft heads so as to form an automobile axle housing product.
2. The molding method of molding an automotive axle housing from a steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3), an axle housing tube blank mold consists of a molding insert, a molding cavity and an upper molding male die, wherein a left inner core rod and a right inner core rod are respectively arranged at two ends of the molding cavity along the longitudinal direction, a first pushing rod structure and a second pushing rod structure are respectively connected with the right inner core rod and the left inner core rod, extrusion blocks are respectively arranged at two sides of the molding cavity along the transverse direction, a first extrusion driving structure and a second extrusion driving structure are respectively connected with the extrusion blocks at two sides, an axle housing prefabricated slab for manufacturing the axle housing tube blank is placed into the molding cavity in the longitudinal posture along the longitudinal direction of the molding cavity, and the upper molding male die is driven by a hydraulic press to move downwards to perform die closing and pressing actions; after the die closing action is completed, the upper molding male die is driven to move upwards to open the die, the primary molded tube blank is molded, two sides of the primary molded tube blank are protruded upwards, the molding insert is placed into a middle cavity of the primary molded tube blank, a first push rod structure and a second push rod structure respectively drive a right inner core rod and a left inner core rod to move towards the middle, the right inner core rod and the left inner core rod are synchronously inserted into two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank along the axial direction, and then the extrusion blocks on two sides are synchronously driven by a first extrusion driving structure and a second extrusion driving structure to bidirectionally and inwards extrude the primary molded tube blank in the die, so that the protruded parts on two sides of the primary molded tube blank are bent towards the middle to wrap the two side cavities of the primary molded tube blank, and finally the molding insert is taken out from the inside of the axle housing to obtain the axle housing tube blank.
3. The molding method of molding an automotive axle housing from a steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 4), the automatic welding equipment comprises a welding workbench, two groups of positioning structures and a welding manipulator, wherein the two groups of positioning structures are mutually arranged on the welding workbench at intervals, the axle housing tube blank obtained by molding in step 3) is placed on the welding workbench of the automatic welding equipment, the axle housing tube blank is placed by the two groups of positioning structures to be clamped and positioned, and the welding manipulator is used for filling the straight seam of the axial opening in the middle of the axle housing tube blank to form the special-shaped axle housing tube blank.
4. The molding method of molding an automotive axle housing from a steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 5), a correction inner core is arranged in each station shrinkage tube die, each station shrinkage tube die and each station shrinkage tube die are distributed at intervals, two ends of a special-shaped axle housing tube blank are respectively inserted into each station shrinkage tube die, two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank are gradually extruded and reduced through each station shrinkage tube die in sequence, finally, two ends of the special-shaped axle housing tube blank are provided with axle housing circular stepped shaft heads, and the axle housing circular stepped shaft heads are taken out from the shrinkage tube dies to obtain an automobile axle housing product.
5. The molding method of molding an automotive axle housing from a steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the middle part of the automobile axle housing product is provided with an assembly platform and a round opening, two ends of the automobile axle housing product are provided with round stepped axle heads of the automobile axle housing, and the rear cover bulge is in a bulge shape.
6. A molding method for molding an automotive axle housing using a steel sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: every group location structure is by flexible cylinder, two positioning fixture, positioning seat, and the positioning seat is installed on welded platform, and two positioning fixture symmetry are installed on the positioning seat, and the space that forms between two positioning fixture to the axle shell pipe is put into, flexible cylinder installs the front side at the positioning seat, flexible cylinder's piston rod passes the positioning seat and links to each other with one of them positioning fixture, stretches out and draws back through flexible cylinder's piston rod, and flexible cylinder's piston rod can drive the one positioning fixture that links to each other rather than moving to adjust the clearance distance between two positioning fixture.
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| CN202310853846.9A CN116618973B (en) | 2023-07-12 | 2023-07-12 | Forming method for forming automobile axle housing by using steel plate |
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| CN202310853846.9A CN116618973B (en) | 2023-07-12 | 2023-07-12 | Forming method for forming automobile axle housing by using steel plate |
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|---|---|
| CN116618973A (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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