CN116606248A - 一种尼可刹米的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种尼可刹米的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116606248A CN116606248A CN202310584229.3A CN202310584229A CN116606248A CN 116606248 A CN116606248 A CN 116606248A CN 202310584229 A CN202310584229 A CN 202310584229A CN 116606248 A CN116606248 A CN 116606248A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- toluene
- nicotinic acid
- organic phase
- added
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000199 molecular distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 206010009192 Circulatory collapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- -1 DMF) is added Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 208000004756 Respiratory Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZXOAHASJYIUCBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 ZXOAHASJYIUCBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001034 respiratory center Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000004193 respiratory failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010040560 shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本申请公开了一种尼可刹米的制备方法,其包括:(1)将烟酸和甲苯混匀,氮气保护下降温至‑30~‑20℃,加DMF;滴加氯化亚砜,60~65℃下保温反应2~5hr,在35~55℃减压浓缩至无明显液滴;烟酸和氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:1.2~2.5;(2)加甲苯,降温至0~5℃,滴加二乙胺混合溶液,60~65℃下保温反应1~3hr至反应完全;烟酸和二乙胺混合溶液中的二乙胺的摩尔比为1:1.5~4.0;具有提高反应活性的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种尼可刹米的制备方法。
背景技术
尼可刹米学名为烟酰乙胺,是呼吸中枢兴奋药,可供注射,也可口服,用于呼吸和循环衰竭。尼可刹米生产主要采用易得的烟酸和二乙胺为原料进行制备,但从化学上二者直接反应的活性较差,因此需要提高反应活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种尼可刹米的制备方法,具有提高反应活性的优点。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:
一种尼可刹米的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)向反应容器中加入烟酸和甲苯,混合均匀,在氮气保护下将反应体系降温至-30~-20℃,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰氨;向反应体系中滴加氯化亚砜,在60~65℃下保温反应2~5hr至反应完全,反应结束后在35~55℃减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰氨的质量比1:1.5~4.0:0.07~0.09;
烟酸和氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:1.2~2.5;
(2)向反应体系中加入甲苯,降温至0~5℃,滴加二乙胺混合溶液,在60~65℃下保温反应1~3hr至反应完全;
烟酸和甲苯的质量比为1:6~8;
二乙胺混合溶液包括质量比为1:2~3的二乙胺和甲苯;
烟酸和二乙胺混合溶液中的二乙胺的摩尔比为1:1.5~4.0。
优选的,还包括以下步骤:
(3)向反应体系中加入15~25wt%的碳酸氢钠水溶液,降温至25~35℃下搅拌,静置10~60min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相I;向下层水相中加入甲苯萃取,取有机相II;合并有机相I和有机相II,加入饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤至下层水相pH至7~12,静置10~60min,分液取上层有机相,在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;再加入甲苯继续在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、碳酸氢钠水溶液、向下层水相中加入的甲苯、再次加入进行浓缩的甲苯的质量比为1:0.8~1.5:1.8~3.0:1.8~3.0。
优选的,还包括以下步骤:
(4)避光条件下,向反应体系中加入甲苯和高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液,于25~35℃下搅拌洗涤,静置10~60min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相III;向下层水相中加入甲苯和活性炭萃取,取有机相IV;合并有机相III和有机相IV,避光条件下在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、初始加入的甲苯、高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液、向下层水相中加入的甲苯、活性炭的质量比为1:1.8~3.0:1.3~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.08~0.12;
高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液包括质量比为1:75~80:200~220的高锰酸钾、氯化钠和水。
优选的,还包括以下步骤:
(5)将反应体系转移至分子蒸馏中,抽真空至-0.098MPa以上,110~120℃下避光减压蒸馏,收集70~74℃馏分,充氮密封避光保存。
本发明技术效果主要体现在以下方面:
首先,采用烟酸和二乙胺为原料制备尼可刹米,但从化学上二者直接反应的活性较差,本申请以氯化亚砜为活化试剂,在反应过程中将烟酸在体系中变为活泼的中间体而与二乙胺进一步反应,大大提高反应活性;
其次,采用本申请的提纯方法,可有效除去副产物,提高产品含量。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种尼可刹米的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)向反应釜中加入400kg甲苯和191.2kg烟酸(即反应式的IN01),搅拌混合均匀;在氮气保护下将反应体系降温至-25℃,加入15.7kg的N,N-二甲基甲酰氨(即DMF),再滴加300kg氯化亚砜(即SOCl2),在60℃下保温反应3hr至反应完全,反应结束后在50℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
(2)向反应体系中加入1340kg甲苯,降温至2℃,滴加150kg二乙胺和382kg甲苯的混合溶液,在60℃下保温反应2hr至反应完全;
(3)向反应体系中加入碳酸氢钠水溶液(19.2kg碳酸氢钠和172kg水),降温至30℃下搅拌,静置30min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相I;向下层水相中加入382kg甲苯萃取,取有机相II;合并有机相I和有机相II,加入饱和氯化钠水溶液(24.8kg氯化钠和67kg水)洗涤至下层水相pH至7~12,若pH不合格则补加污水碳酸氢钠至合格;水洗合格后静置30min,分液取上层有机相,在50℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;再加入382kg甲苯继续在50℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
(4)避光条件下,向反应体系中加入高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液(避光制备和保存,205kg水、1kg高锰酸钾和76.4kg氯化钠)和382kg甲苯,于30℃下搅拌洗涤,静置30min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相III;向下层水相中加入382kg甲苯和19kg活性炭萃取,取有机相IV;合并有机相III和有机相IV,避光条件下在50℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
(5)将反应体系转移至分子蒸馏中,抽真空至-0.10MPa,115℃下避光减压蒸馏,收集70~74℃馏分,收率75%,HPLC测试含量为99.5%,充氮密封避光保存。
当然,以上只是本发明的典型实例,除此之外,本发明还可以有其它多种具体实施方式,凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种尼可刹米的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
(1)向反应容器中加入烟酸和甲苯,混合均匀,在氮气保护下将反应体系降温至-30~-20℃,加入N,N-二甲基甲酰氨;向反应体系中滴加氯化亚砜,在60~65℃下保温反应2~5hr至反应完全,反应结束后在35~55℃减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰氨的质量比1:1.5~4.0:0.07~0.09;
烟酸和氯化亚砜的摩尔比为1:1.2~2.5;
(2)向反应体系中加入甲苯,降温至0~5℃,滴加二乙胺混合溶液,在60~65℃下保温反应1~3hr至反应完全;
烟酸和甲苯的质量比为1:6~8;
二乙胺混合溶液包括质量比为1:2~3的二乙胺和甲苯;
烟酸和二乙胺混合溶液中的二乙胺的摩尔比为1:1.5~4.0。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种尼可刹米的制备方法,其特征是,还包括以下步骤:
(3)向反应体系中加入15~25wt%的碳酸氢钠水溶液,降温至25~35℃下搅拌,静置10~60min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相I;向下层水相中加入甲苯萃取,取有机相II;合并有机相I和有机相II,加入饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤至下层水相pH至7~12,静置10~60min,分液取上层有机相,在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;再加入甲苯继续在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、碳酸氢钠水溶液、向下层水相中加入的甲苯、再次加入进行浓缩的甲苯的质量比为1:0.8~1.5:1.8~3.0:1.8~3.0。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种尼可刹米的制备方法,其特征是,还包括以下步骤:
(4)避光条件下,向反应体系中加入甲苯和高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液,于25~35℃下搅拌洗涤,静置10~60min,分液,得到下层水相和上层有机相III;向下层水相中加入甲苯和活性炭萃取,取有机相IV;合并有机相III和有机相IV,避光条件下在40~60℃下减压浓缩至无明显液滴;
烟酸、初始加入的甲苯、高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液、向下层水相中加入的甲苯、活性炭的质量比为1:1.8~3.0:1.3~1.5:1.8~3.0:0.08~0.12;
高锰酸钾·氯化钠溶液包括质量比为1:75~80:200~220的高锰酸钾、氯化钠和水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种尼可刹米的制备方法,其特征是,还包括以下步骤:
(5)将反应体系转移至分子蒸馏中,抽真空至-0.098MPa以上,110~120℃下避光减压蒸馏,收集70~74℃馏分,充氮密封避光保存。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310584229.3A CN116606248A (zh) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | 一种尼可刹米的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310584229.3A CN116606248A (zh) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | 一种尼可刹米的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116606248A true CN116606248A (zh) | 2023-08-18 |
Family
ID=87681278
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310584229.3A Pending CN116606248A (zh) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | 一种尼可刹米的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116606248A (zh) |
-
2023
- 2023-05-23 CN CN202310584229.3A patent/CN116606248A/zh active Pending
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN114573560A (zh) | 一种富马酸伏诺拉生的制备方法 | |
CN112457266A (zh) | 一种缬沙坦母液回收方法 | |
CN101607892B (zh) | 枸橼酸钠的生产方法 | |
CN108341804A (zh) | 高纯度奥美沙坦酯的制备方法 | |
CN117447427A (zh) | 一种呋塞米的制备方法 | |
US4321237A (en) | Treating hydrolysis residues from preparation of titanium dioxide | |
CN116606248A (zh) | 一种尼可刹米的制备方法 | |
CN113667006B (zh) | 一种索马鲁肽二肽侧链的制备方法 | |
CN103539745A (zh) | 一种塞克硝唑的制备方法 | |
CN114671859A (zh) | 一种瑞舒伐他汀钙及其中间体的制备方法 | |
CN112225720A (zh) | 一种噻吩-2-乙酰氯的生产方法 | |
CN111004184A (zh) | 一种4,6-二氯嘧啶的合成工艺 | |
CN108484505B (zh) | 一种2-甲基咪唑的制备方法 | |
CN111233651A (zh) | 一种从多巴类生产废水中回收制备l(+)-2,3-二羟基丁二酸的方法 | |
CN112480021A (zh) | 一种5-(氯甲基)-2-(三氟甲基)-1,3,4噁二唑的制备方法 | |
CN111303045A (zh) | 2-乙氧基-4,6-二氟嘧啶的生产工艺 | |
CN111233835A (zh) | 5-(2-氟苯基)-1-(吡啶-3-基磺酰基)-1h-吡咯-3-甲醛制备纯化方法 | |
CN115819298A (zh) | 一种对甲苯磺酰甲基异腈的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN115572747B (zh) | 托匹司他的制备方法 | |
CN108383720A (zh) | 一种邻取代苯甲酸间位氯化方法 | |
CN116903528A (zh) | 一种2-氨基磺酰基-n,n-二甲基烟酰胺的合成方法 | |
CN115850244B (zh) | 一种托吡司他的制备方法 | |
CN114907348B (zh) | 一种4-氯-5-碘-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备方法 | |
CN117658856A (zh) | 一种合成高纯氟代沙坦联苯的方法 | |
WO2024082175A1 (zh) | 一种三氯蔗糖精品的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |