CN116590487A - Device and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore - Google Patents
Device and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN116590487A CN116590487A CN202310562273.4A CN202310562273A CN116590487A CN 116590487 A CN116590487 A CN 116590487A CN 202310562273 A CN202310562273 A CN 202310562273A CN 116590487 A CN116590487 A CN 116590487A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 172
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidyneiron Chemical compound [Fe]#P DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses equipment and a method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore, relates to the technical field of iron ore processing and ironmaking, and aims to solve the problem that the process for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from a shaft furnace and an electric furnace needs to be improved; the invention comprises a gas-based shaft furnace and an electric furnace, wherein a supporting net is arranged in the middle of the gas-based shaft furnace and used for bearing materials, one side of the supporting net is in positioning and rotating connection with the gas-based shaft furnace, the supporting net has two working states, the first working state is horizontal, the second working state is inclined, and one side of the supporting net, which is far away from a rotating connection part, is positioned at a discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace when the supporting net is inclined; a material conveying pipe communicated with each other is arranged between the discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace and the feed hole of the electric furnace, the two ends of the material conveying pipe are respectively provided with an outlet valve and an inlet valve, the material conveying pipe is obliquely arranged, and the height of the material conveying pipe, which is close to one end of the gas-based shaft furnace, is higher than the other end of the material conveying pipe and is lower than the joint of the supporting net and the gas-based shaft furnace; the invention can complete the whole-flow continuous production of dephosphorization and iron extraction, has high thermal efficiency and production efficiency, and can greatly save energy and time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of iron ore processing and iron making, in particular to equipment and a method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore.
Background
The iron ore reduction reaction is a process of reducing iron oxide into metallic iron by reacting iron ore with elemental carbon or a reducing gas such as CO or H2. The oolitic phosphorus-containing iron ore in China is more, and the reserves of about 70 hundred million tons are proved only in the Western areas of the jaw. However, because the high-phosphorus iron ore has high phosphorus content and low iron grade, the high-phosphorus iron ore is directly matched with pellets or sintered ore to be used for iron making by a blast furnace, the slag amount is large, and the input yield is low. If the steel is directly added into a converter or an electric furnace for steelmaking, the dephosphorization load is large, and the method is uneconomical. How to efficiently and economically separate phosphorus and iron in iron ores and realize comprehensive utilization of lean ore resources is a subject worthy of research.
Regarding dephosphorization and iron extraction of high-phosphorus iron ores, the prior art mainly comprises the following steps: microorganism dephosphorization, acid leaching dephosphorization, reduction roasting magnetic purification, "gas-based shaft furnace+high temperature melting and water quenching technology", and the like. However, the mineral composition and gangue structure of the high-phosphorus iron ore are extremely complex, and it is difficult to obtain a method which can simultaneously satisfy high dephosphorization rate, high iron recovery rate, high operation rate, low cost and environmental protection.
The dephosphorization period of the biological dephosphorization method needs 3-6 months, and is difficult to apply on a large scale; inorganic strong acid such as sulfuric acid is adopted to carry out acid leaching dephosphorization on ores, the dosage of chemical reagents is large, the cost is high, and the problem that the waste acid pollutes the environment exists; the iron concentrate with the iron grade of more than 60% can be obtained by adopting the process of reduction roasting and magnetic separation, and the phosphorus content is reduced from 0.65% to 0.2%, but the iron concentrate is still not ideal; patent 201010269488.X and 201110108641.5 disclose a technology of gas-based shaft furnace, high-temperature melting and water quenching, which is characterized in that high-phosphorus iron ore is reduced to prepare metallized pellets, high-temperature melting and water quenching are carried out to prepare granulated iron, the metallization rate is more than 85%, and part of phosphorus can be removed, which is a better resource utilization method, but the heat efficiency and the production efficiency are low because the process is complex and continuous production cannot be carried out, and the technology is completed in two independent devices of the shaft furnace and the electric furnace, and raw material or intermediate product transfer among the processes is carried out in a cold charging mode, so that the cost is high, the heat utilization rate is low, the raw material application is poor, and the high-efficiency production of large-scale equipment is difficult to realize. Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ores to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment and a method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore, which are used for solving the problem that the process of dephosphorizing and extracting iron from a shaft furnace and an electric furnace needs to be improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the equipment for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from the high-phosphorus iron ore comprises a gas-based shaft furnace and an electric furnace, wherein a supporting net is arranged in the middle of the gas-based shaft furnace and used for bearing materials, one side of the supporting net is in positioning and rotating connection with the gas-based shaft furnace, the supporting net has two working states, the first working state is horizontal, the second working state is inclined, and one side of the supporting net, which is far away from a rotating connection part, is positioned at a discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace and used for discharging when the supporting net is inclined; the gas-based shaft furnace is characterized in that a material conveying pipe communicated with each other is arranged between a material outlet of the gas-based shaft furnace and a material inlet of the electric furnace, an outlet valve and an inlet valve are respectively arranged at two ends of the material conveying pipe and used for being opened when materials are transferred and closed when the materials are not transferred, the material conveying pipe is obliquely arranged, and one end of the material conveying pipe, which is close to the gas-based shaft furnace, is higher than the other end and is lower than the joint of the supporting net and the gas-based shaft furnace.
Preferably, the discharge port of the gas-based shaft furnace is also obliquely and fixedly provided with a receiving table, and the supporting net is arranged on the receiving table when being inclined.
Preferably, the support net is provided with weighing means for reflecting the weight of the loaded material in real time in a horizontal operating condition to calculate the degree of reduction.
Preferably, the lower part of the gas-based shaft furnace is connected with a gas cabinet through a gas pipe, and the gas cabinet is provided with a gas mixing device; the top of the gas-based shaft furnace is provided with a shaft furnace upper cover, the shaft furnace upper cover is connected with a feed pipe and an air outlet pipeline, the feed pipe is communicated with a raw material chamber, the raw material chamber conveys raw materials into the feed pipe through a conveyor belt, the feed pipe is obliquely arranged, one side, close to the gas-based shaft furnace, is lower than one side, close to the conveyor belt, of the feed pipe, a feed pipe valve is arranged at the position, close to the shaft furnace upper cover, of the feed pipe, and the air outlet pipeline is provided with a gas analysis device; the middle part of the gas-based shaft furnace is also provided with an electromagnetic heating device and a thermocouple which are respectively used for heating and temperature measurement; the bottom of the gas-based shaft furnace is also provided with a slag discharging device for discharging slag.
Preferably, the upper part of the electric furnace is provided with an electrode and a charging hole for heating and charging respectively, the lower part is provided with a tapping hole and a discharging valve for discharging, and the bottom is provided with a bottom blowing device.
The dephosphorization and iron extraction method for the high-phosphorus iron ore adopts the equipment and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the phosphorus content and dephosphorization target of the high-phosphorus iron ore, adding lime into the high-phosphorus iron ore powder, mixing and pelletizing to enable the alkalinity of the pellets to be 1-2, wherein the alkalinity R=CaO/SiO 2 The pellets are placed in a raw material chamber according to the mass percentage;
s2, heating the temperature in the shaft furnace to 850-1000 ℃, and introducing protective gas to exhaust air;
s3, conveying the pellets into a shaft furnace by a conveyor belt, and falling the pellets on a supporting net, wherein the protective gas is switched into reducing gas to reduce the raw material pellets;
s4: after the reduction is completed, switching the reducing gas into protective gas, opening an outlet valve of the shaft furnace, adjusting the angle of the supporting net, closing the outlet valve after the material enters the material conveying pipe, and recovering the angle of the supporting net to be horizontal; opening a slag discharging device, pumping out bottom powder slag, closing, and preparing for reduction of the raw material pellets of the next furnace;
s5: opening an inlet valve of the electric furnace to enable metallized pellets in the material conveying pipe to enter the electric furnace, and immediately closing the inlet valve; heating to melt and raise the temperature of metallized pellets in an electric furnace to 1400-1600 ℃, opening a charging port to add lime, carbon powder and fluorite, introducing bottom blowing to stir the molten pool strongly with stirring intensity of 0.10-0.30 Nm 3 And (5) carrying out high-temperature smelting for 15-60 min in an electric furnace, sampling, pouring out low-phosphorus molten iron from a tapping hole after the phosphorus content is qualified, casting into low-phosphorus iron blocks, leaving dephosphorization slag in the electric furnace, and pouring out after tapping is finished.
Preferably, the reduction time is 30-240 min, and the pellet metallization rate is 80-95%.
Preferably, the shielding gas is nitrogen and/or argon, and the reducing gas is a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen is 60% -80%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the equipment and the method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from the high-phosphorus iron ore can continuously finish the whole-flow continuous production from feeding, reduction and thermal state transmission to melt dephosphorization of the high-phosphorus iron ore in a closed environment, have high thermal efficiency and production efficiency, do not need to open a shaft furnace for discharging, and can greatly save energy and time consumed by heating. The metallization rate of the high-phosphorus iron ore reaches 80-95%, the dephosphorization rate of the electric furnace can be close to 90%, and the phosphorus content of the obtained low-phosphorus iron block is less than or equal to 0.15%. The low-phosphorus iron block can be directly added into a converter or an electric furnace as a steelmaking raw material for steelmaking. The high-phosphorus slag can be used as a raw material of agricultural fertilizers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gas holder; 2. a gas mixing device; 3. a conveyor belt; 4. a raw material chamber; 5. a feed pipe; 6. a feed pipe valve; 7. a shaft furnace upper cover; 8. an air outlet pipe; 9. a gas analysis device; 10. a thermocouple; 11. a support net; 12. an electromagnetic heating device; 13. an outlet valve; 14. a slag discharging device; 15. a gas-based shaft furnace; 16. a material conveying pipe; 17. an inlet valve; 18. an electrode; 19. a feed inlet; 20. an electric furnace; 21. a discharge valve; 22. a tap hole; 23. and a bottom blowing device.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore comprises a gas-based shaft furnace 15 and an electric furnace 20, wherein a supporting net 11 is arranged in the middle of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 and used for bearing materials, one side of the supporting net 11 is in positioning and rotating connection with the gas-based shaft furnace 15, the supporting net 11 has two working states, the first is horizontal, the second is inclined, and one side of the supporting net, which is far away from a rotating connection part, is positioned at a discharge port of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 for discharging, and particularly referring to fig. 1, a material receiving table can be obliquely and fixedly arranged at the discharge port of the gas-based shaft furnace 15, and the supporting net 11 is lapped on the material receiving table when being inclined; a material transfer pipe 16 communicated with each other is arranged between a discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 and a feed hole of the electric furnace 20, and two ends of the material transfer pipe are respectively provided with an outlet valve 13 and an inlet valve 17 which are used for being opened when transferring materials and closed when not transferring materials, the material transfer pipe 16 is obliquely arranged, and one end of the material transfer pipe, which is close to the gas-based shaft furnace 15, is higher than the other end and is lower than the joint of the supporting net 11 and the gas-based shaft furnace 15.
In a preferred embodiment, the supporting net 11 is provided with weighing means for reflecting the weight of the loaded material in real time in a horizontal operating condition to calculate the degree of reduction; optionally, the supporting net 11 may be a double-layer net, a high temperature resistant weighing sensor is arranged between the two, the two can be arranged in the middle or four corners of the supporting net, and in order to make weighing more accurate, a telescopic supporting block is arranged on the inner wall of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 at one side far away from the rotary connection and used for supporting the lower end of the supporting net 11 when the supporting net 11 is horizontal; of course, the weighing device can also be arranged at the rotary joint, in which case the support net 11 can be a single layer; the reduction time can also be judged through multiple experiments and experience without a weighing device.
Referring to fig. 1, the lower part of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is further connected with a gas cabinet 1 through a gas pipe, and is provided with a gas mixing device 2; the top of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is further provided with a shaft furnace upper cover 7, a feed pipe 5 and an air outlet pipeline 8 are connected to the shaft furnace upper cover, wherein the feed pipe 5 is communicated with the raw material chamber 4, the raw material chamber 4 conveys raw materials into the feed pipe 5 through the conveyor belt 3, the feed pipe 5 is obliquely arranged, one side close to the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is lower than one side close to the conveyor belt 3, a feed pipe valve 6 is arranged at the position, close to the shaft furnace upper cover 7, of the feed pipe 5, and the air outlet pipeline 8 is provided with a gas analysis device 9; the middle part of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is also provided with an electromagnetic heating device 12 and a thermocouple 10 which are respectively used for heating and temperature measurement; the bottom of the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is also provided with a slag discharging device 14 for discharging slag.
Referring to fig. 1, a general electric furnace 20 is provided with an electrode 18 and a charging port 19 at an upper portion thereof for heating and charging, a tap hole 22 at a lower portion thereof and a discharge valve 21 for discharging, and a bottom blowing device 23 at a bottom portion thereof.
The dephosphorization and iron extraction of the high-phosphorus iron ore are carried out by adopting the equipment, and the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1, according to the phosphorus content and dephosphorization target of the high-phosphorus iron ore, adding lime into the high-phosphorus iron ore powder, mixing and pelletizing to enable the alkalinity of the pellets to be 1-2, wherein the alkalinity R=CaO/SiO 2 The pellets are placed in a raw material chamber according to the mass percentage;
s2, heating the temperature in the shaft furnace to 850-1000 ℃, and introducing protective gas to exhaust air;
s3, conveying the pellets to a shaft furnace to fall on a supporting net by a conveyor belt, switching protective gas into reducing gas, reducing the raw material pellets, wherein the reducing time is set according to the reducing degree, the reducing time is preferably controlled to be 30-240 min, specifically, the reducing degree can be calculated by a weighing device of the supporting net through a weighing method, namely, the initial weight of the pellets minus the weight at the recording moment is divided by the initial weight, and the reducing degree is converted into a pellet metallization rate according to the formula of metallization rate= (reducing degree multiplied by the initial weight of the pellets)/the maximum oxygen loss amount in iron ore multiplied by 100 percent;
s4: after the reduction is completed, switching the reducing gas into protective gas, opening an outlet valve of the shaft furnace, adjusting the angle of the supporting net, closing the outlet valve after the material enters the material conveying pipe, and recovering the angle of the supporting net to be horizontal; opening a slag discharging device, pumping out bottom powder slag, closing, and preparing for reduction of the raw material pellets of the next furnace;
s5: opening an inlet valve of the electric furnace to enable metallized pellets in the material conveying pipe to enter the electric furnace, and immediately closing the inlet valve; heating to melt and raise the temperature of the metallized pellets in the electric furnace to 1400-1600 ℃, opening a charging port to add lime, carbon powder and fluorite (the specific addition amount and proportion are determined according to the process), introducing bottom blowing gas to stir the molten pool strongly, wherein the stirring strength is 0.10-0.30 Nm 3 And (5) carrying out high-temperature smelting for 15-60 min in an electric furnace, sampling, pouring out low-phosphorus molten iron from a tapping hole after the phosphorus content is qualified, casting into low-phosphorus iron blocks, leaving dephosphorization slag in the electric furnace, and pouring out after tapping is finished.
The shielding gas is nitrogen and/or argon, and the reducing gas is mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen is 60% -80%.
Examples:
the equipment for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from the high-phosphorus iron ore in the embodiment mainly comprises two parts of a gas-based shaft furnace 15 and an electric furnace 20. The raw material chamber 4 is connected with the gas-based shaft furnace 15 and the gas-based shaft furnace 15 is connected with the electric furnace 20 through the feeding pipe 5 and the material conveying pipe 16 respectively to form a closed continuous production system, so that the full utilization of heat and the non-escape of smoke dust and waste gas are ensured.
The gas-based shaft furnace 15 has the functions of iron ore reduction, heating, temperature measurement, continuous feeding and discharging, outlet atmosphere detection and bottom slag powder discharge.
The gas holder 1 is provided with H 2 、CO、Ar 2 、N 2 These cylinders are connected to each other by a gas flow meter through a gas mixing device 2, and the required amounts of the reducing gas and the shielding gas are mixed and controlled. The mixed gas enters from the lower part of the shaft furnace, the gas after the reduction reaction is discharged from the gas outlet 8 and is collected, and the content is monitored by an infrared gas analysis device.
The feed pipe valve 6 is the feed inlet of the shaft furnace and can be closed after charging. Raw material pellets enter the shaft furnace from the raw material chamber 4 through the feed pipe 5 and then fall on the supporting net 11 to perform reduction reaction with reducing gas, and metallized pellets obtained after the reduction reaction enter the electric furnace 20 through the feed pipe 16. The outlet valve 13 and the inlet valve 17 can be controlled to be opened and closed; the metallized pellets are melted and dephosphorized after being insulated in the transfer tube 16 and entering the electric furnace 20. The support net is made of two layers of high-temperature alloy steel and has certain air permeability, and a weighing sensor is arranged between the two layers of alloy steel so as to record the weight loss of the pellets on the support net in real time to calculate the reduction degree of the pellets.
The electric furnace 20 consists of an electrode 18, a charging hole 19, a gas bottom blowing device 23, a discharging valve 21 and a tapping hole 22. The electrode is responsible for heating, and the raw materials for dephosphorization of the electric furnace are added through a feed port 19. The bottom blowing inert gas is blown in by the bottom blowing device 23 to stir the molten pool and promote dephosphorization. Pouring the low-phosphorus molten iron obtained after the dephosphorization of the metallized pellets is finished through a tap hole 22, casting into low-phosphorus iron blocks, leaving dephosphorization slag in an electric furnace, pouring out after the tapping is finished, and realizing slag-iron separation.
Mixing high-phosphorus iron ore powder with lime to prepare pellets with the alkalinity of 1.6, the compressive strength of the pellets being more than or equal to 15Mpa and the particle size of the pellets being 8-15 mm, and drying the pellets at 120 ℃ for 8 hours. The main components of the high-phosphorus iron ore are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 main component of high phosphorus iron ore
| TFe/％ | P/％ | SiO 2 /％ | CaO/％ | Al 2 O 3 /％ |
| 47.6 | 0.92 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 9.3 |
The shaft furnace is electrified to heat the temperature in the shaft furnace to 950 ℃, and the shielding gas is introduced to discharge air.
Gas-based reduction: 150kg of pellets are taken into the feed chamber 4 and fed by conveyor 3 via feed pipe 5 into the support screen 11 of the shaft furnace 15 and the feed pipe valve 6 is closed. The protective gas was switched to a reducing gas (a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, wherein the ratio of hydrogen was 70% and carbon monoxide was 30%) to reduce the pellets for 120min. At this time, the weight of the pellets recorded by the electronic balance connected with one end of the supporting net is 131.4kg, the reduction degree at this time is 12.4%, and the metallization rate of the pellets obtained by calculation and conversion is 92%.
After the reduction time reaches 120min, switching the reduction gas of the gas inlet into protective gas, opening a valve of a discharge hole of the shaft furnace and adjusting the angle of the supporting net, enabling furnace burden to automatically enter the material conveying pipe, closing the valve, and recovering the angle of the supporting net to be horizontal. And (3) opening a slag discharging device, pumping out the bottom powder slag, closing the slag discharging device, and preparing for reduction of the next furnace.
Opening an inlet valve of the electric furnace to enable the metallized pellets on the material conveying pipe to enter the electric furnace, and immediately closing the valve. And electrifying and heating by the electrodes, so that the metallized pellets in the furnace are melted and heated to 1540 ℃. 8kg of lime, 6kg of carbon powder and 7kg of fluorite are added by opening a valve of a charging port, and the bottom blowing is carried out to feed protective gas to carry out strong stirring on a molten pool, wherein the stirring intensity is 0.25Nm 3 /(t.min). The high-temperature smelting time of the electric furnace is 25min. And then sampling, pouring low-phosphorus molten iron from a tap hole 22, casting into low-phosphorus iron blocks, leaving dephosphorized slag in an electric furnace, pouring out after tapping, realizing slag-iron separation, and calculating the dephosphorization rate of the electric furnace to be 86.96%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The equipment for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore comprises a gas-based shaft furnace (15) and an electric furnace (20), and is characterized in that: the middle part of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) is provided with a supporting net (11) for bearing materials, one side of the supporting net is in positioning and rotating connection with the gas-based shaft furnace (15), the supporting net (11) has two working states, the first is horizontal, the second is inclined, and one side of the supporting net, which is far away from a rotating connection part, is positioned at a discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) for discharging when the supporting net is inclined; a material conveying pipe (16) communicated with each other is arranged between a discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) and a feed hole of the electric furnace (20), an outlet valve (13) and an inlet valve (17) are respectively arranged at two ends of the material conveying pipe and are used for being opened when materials are transferred and closed when the materials are not transferred, the material conveying pipe (16) is obliquely arranged, one end of the material conveying pipe, which is close to the gas-based shaft furnace (15), is higher than the other end, and is lower than the joint of the supporting net (11) and the gas-based shaft furnace (15).
2. The apparatus for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the discharge hole of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) is also obliquely and fixedly provided with a receiving table, and the supporting net (11) is arranged on the receiving table when being inclined.
3. The apparatus for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting net (11) is provided with a weighing device and is used for reflecting the weight of the loaded materials in real time in a horizontal working state so as to calculate the reduction degree.
4. The apparatus for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) is connected with a gas cabinet (1) through a gas pipe, and is provided with a gas mixing device (2); the top of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) is provided with a shaft furnace upper cover (7), a feed pipe (5) and an air outlet pipeline (8) are connected to the gas-based shaft furnace upper cover, wherein the feed pipe (5) is communicated with a raw material chamber (4), the raw material chamber (4) conveys raw materials into the feed pipe (5) through a conveyor belt (3), the feed pipe (5) is obliquely arranged, one side, close to the gas-based shaft furnace (15), is lower than one side, close to the conveyor belt (3), of the feed pipe (5), a feed pipe valve (6) is arranged at the end, close to the shaft furnace upper cover (7), of the feed pipe, and the air outlet pipeline (8) is provided with a gas analysis device (9); an electromagnetic heating device (12) and a thermocouple (10) are also arranged in the middle of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) and are respectively used for heating and temperature measurement; the bottom of the gas-based shaft furnace (15) is also provided with a slag discharging device (14) for discharging slag.
5. The apparatus for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the electric furnace (20) is provided with an electrode (18) and a charging hole (19) which are respectively used for heating and charging, the lower part of the electric furnace is provided with a tapping hole (22) and a discharging valve (21) for discharging, and the bottom of the electric furnace is provided with a bottom blowing device (23).
6. A method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore, which is characterized by adopting the equipment as claimed in claims 1 to 5 and specifically comprising the following steps:
s1, according to the phosphorus content and dephosphorization target of the high-phosphorus iron ore, adding lime into the high-phosphorus iron ore powder, mixing and pelletizing to enable the alkalinity of the pellets to be 1-2, wherein the alkalinity R=CaO/SiO 2 The pellets are placed in a raw material chamber according to the mass percentage;
s2, heating the temperature in the shaft furnace to 850-1000 ℃, and introducing protective gas to exhaust air;
s3, conveying the pellets into a shaft furnace by a conveyor belt, and falling the pellets on a supporting net, wherein the protective gas is switched into reducing gas to reduce the raw material pellets;
s4: after the reduction is completed, switching the reducing gas into protective gas, opening an outlet valve of the shaft furnace, adjusting the angle of the supporting net, closing the outlet valve after the material enters the material conveying pipe, and recovering the angle of the supporting net to be horizontal; opening a slag discharging device, pumping out bottom powder slag, closing, and preparing for reduction of the raw material pellets of the next furnace;
s5: opening an inlet valve of the electric furnace to enable metallized pellets in the material conveying pipe to enter the electric furnace, and immediately closing the inlet valve; heating to melt and raise the temperature of metallized pellets in an electric furnace to 1400-1600 ℃, opening a charging port to add lime, carbon powder and fluorite, introducing bottom blowing to stir the molten pool strongly with stirring intensity of 0.10-0.30 Nm 3 And (5) carrying out high-temperature smelting for 15-60 min in an electric furnace, sampling, pouring out low-phosphorus molten iron from a tapping hole after the phosphorus content is qualified, casting into low-phosphorus iron blocks, leaving dephosphorization slag in the electric furnace, and pouring out after tapping is finished.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S3, the reduction time is 30-240 min, and the pellet metallization rate is 80-95%.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the shielding gas is nitrogen and/or argon, the reducing gas is mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and the volume ratio of the hydrogen is 60% -80%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310562273.4A CN116590487A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Device and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310562273.4A CN116590487A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Device and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore |
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| CN116590487A true CN116590487A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN202310562273.4A Pending CN116590487A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Device and method for dephosphorizing and extracting iron from high-phosphorus iron ore |
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| CN (1) | CN116590487A (en) |
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- 2023-05-18 CN CN202310562273.4A patent/CN116590487A/en active Pending
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