CN116589983A - Dust fall suppressant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Dust fall suppressant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116589983A CN116589983A CN202310591949.2A CN202310591949A CN116589983A CN 116589983 A CN116589983 A CN 116589983A CN 202310591949 A CN202310591949 A CN 202310591949A CN 116589983 A CN116589983 A CN 116589983A
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- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/06—Fluids used for spraying
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of dust treatment, and provides a dust fall suppressant, a preparation method and application thereof. The viscosity regulator water-soluble cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol in the dust fall suppressant can provide proper amount of non-combined hydroxyl and carboxyl in a system, and the existence of the groups can quickly change the contact angle of dust after the dust fall suppressant is in interactive contact with the dust, so that the wettability of the dust is improved; the coagulant and the surface tension regulator in the dust fall suppressant can accelerate the coagulation of dust; the surface tension regulator plays an important role in improving the dispersity of the coagulant; in addition, the coagulant and the surface tension regulator can further reduce the Zeta potential among dust through wetting contact, so that dust coagulation and further sedimentation are realized. The cohesive components (including matrix material, viscosity regulator and surface tension regulator) of the dust fall suppressant can be adhered on the surface of the settled dust to form a film to inhibit dust re-suspension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust treatment, in particular to a dust fall suppressant and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Particulate matter in atmospheric pollutants is a major factor in air pollution, and dust emission is one of the most major sources of particulate matter pollution. The dust mainly comprises building dust, yard dust, road dust, coal surface mining, metal mining area dust and the like. The dust collection amount is closely related to the dust water content and the wind speed, so that the dust collection can be effectively controlled by improving the dust water content and blocking the wind power. Common dust suppression techniques include building a wind screen, covering a dust screen, using a closed structure, sprinkling water, using a chemical dust suppressant, and the like. The wind-proof wall has huge cost for building, limited dust suppression range and potential safety hazard. The control range of dust suppression covered by the dustproof net is smaller, secondary pollution is easy to cause, and the labor cost of installation and recovery is high. The closed structure is only suitable for dust suppression under specific environmental conditions, and the application range is narrow. The sprinkling dust suppression wastes water resources, and the effective action time is short. Chemical dust suppressants generally have the function of suppressing dust by being bonded on the dust surface into a stable solidified layer, and have longer dust suppressing time and wide application range. However, mining area dust, especially the surface mining mine mainly comprising brown coal in northwest areas, is difficult to effectively wet and condense due to the fact that the geological age of coal is shallow, the surface layer is seriously weathered and the oil content is high in general, the contact angle of dust is extremely small, and the dust suppression effect is poor due to the fact that the existing chemical dust suppressant is difficult to wet and condense.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a dust fall suppressant, a preparation method and application thereof. After the dust fall suppressant provided by the invention is sprayed, carbon-based dust generated in a mining area can be settled, and the secondary lifting of the carbon-based dust can be avoided, so that the dust suppression effect is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a dust fall suppressant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of matrix material, 0.1-0.6 part of viscosity regulator, 0.2-0.4 part of surface tension regulator, 0.005-0.5 part of coagulant, 0.1-1 part of defoamer and 0.3-1.5 part of mildew-resistant component;
the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol;
the viscosity modifier comprises water-soluble cellulose;
the surface tension regulator is acrylic acid and/or polyethylene glycol;
the coagulant comprises one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, span80, talcum powder, nano calcium carbonate and nano titanium dioxide.
Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA 2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 is 7:3.
preferably, the water-soluble cellulose comprises carboxymethyl cellulose and/or carboxyethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the water-soluble cellulose has a number average molecular weight of 200000 ～ 300000.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the acrylic acid to the methyl methacrylate in the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound is 1:1 to 1:4.
preferably, the defoamer comprises one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate, and oleoyldiethylenetriamine.
Preferably, the antimycotic component is an aqueous ethylene oxide solution or nano silver.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dust fall suppressant, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding a matrix material, a viscosity regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/3, a surface tension regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/6, a coagulant, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/2 and an antimycotic component into water, and standing to obtain the dust fall and suppression agent.
The invention also provides the application of the dust fall suppressant in mining area dust emission, which is prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method.
Preferably, the method of use comprises: and spraying or atomizing the dust fall suppressant.
The invention provides a dust fall suppressant which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of matrix material, 0.1-0.6 part of viscosity regulator, 0.2-0.4 part of surface tension regulator, 0.005-0.5 part of coagulant, 0.1-1 part of defoamer and 0.3-1.5 part of mildew-resistant component; the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol; the viscosity modifier comprises water-soluble cellulose; the surface tension regulator is acrylic acid and/or polyethylene glycol; the coagulant comprises one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, span80, talcum powder, nano calcium carbonate and nano titanium dioxide.
The viscosity regulator water-soluble cellulose and the matrix material polyvinyl alcohol in the dust fall suppressant can provide proper amount of non-combined hydroxyl and carboxyl in the system, and the dispersion of the groups ensures that the dust fall suppressant can quickly change the contact angle of dust after being in interactive contact with the dust, thereby improving the wettability of the dust; the coagulant and the surface tension regulator in the dust fall suppressant can accelerate the coagulation of dust; the surface tension regulator plays an important role in improving the dispersity of the coagulant; in addition, the coagulant and the surface tension regulator can further reduce the Zeta potential among dust through wetting contact, so that dust coagulation and further sedimentation are realized. The cohesive components (including matrix material, viscosity regulator and surface tension regulator) of the dust fall suppressant can be adhered to the surface of settled dust to form a film in the process of water loss, so that the dust is inhibited from being resuspended, and dust is gathered together to fall dust. The dust suppression agent provided by the invention has the functions of dust suppression and surface dust suppression, the dust suppression effect on continuous respirable dust is more than 85%, the dust suppression effect on full dust is more than 87%, the optimum dust suppression effect on respirable dust of construction operation excitation dust is more than 88%, and the optimum dust suppression effect on full dust is more than 90%. The static conjunctiva dust suppression agent can be used for curing the conjunctiva at the temperature of 5-65 ℃ for material piles and the like, the material wind erosion rate is less than 0.4%, the dust suppression agent can be repeatedly used in the same environment, and the thickness of a curing layer is 0.3-13 mm. The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention has the functions of absorbing moisture and preserving moisture to suppress dust particles from being resuspended for floor dust and piled powder, and the dust resuspension suppression rate is more than 95% in the environment with RH less than 35% and natural illumination and static wind frequency less than 20% for 50 days. In the prior practice, although similar cellulose dust suppression systems exist, the similar cellulose dust suppression systems are different from the dust suppression dust suppressant of the invention, and have the problems of large using amount of the dust suppressant and obvious environment accumulation effect in the aspect of suppressing dust by high-oil-content lignite and weathered coal in northwest areas. In addition, the similar cellulose dust suppression system is influenced by the proportion of the components, the colloid thixotropic property is too strong, the energy consumption in the shearing stress mass production process is too large, and the invention specifically avoids the type of problems.
Further, in order to achieve efficient infiltration of carbon-based dust, the chemical dust suppressant in the prior art often adds a strong additive containing chlorine, benzene rings (such as styrene) and heavy metal salts, and although the addition of the additive increases the infiltration of the dust suppressant to the carbon-based dust, the chemical dust suppressant added with the additive is unstable in components, releases harmful components in the using process, or is settled on the ground surface, and generates persistent harm to human respiratory systems, soil and the like. The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention does not contain chlorine elements, heavy metal components and chemical structures which are difficult to degrade, and is environment-friendly.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dust fall suppressant, which has the advantages of simple operation and low energy consumption while realizing full mixing of materials.
The invention also provides application of the dust fall suppressant in mining area dust emission.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a dust fall suppressant which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of matrix material, 0.1-0.6 part of viscosity regulator, 0.2-0.4 part of surface tension regulator, 0.005-0.5 part of coagulant, 0.1-1 part of defoamer and 0.3-1.5 part of mildew-resistant component;
the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol;
the viscosity modifier comprises water-soluble cellulose;
the surface tension regulator is acrylic acid and/or polyethylene glycol;
the coagulant comprises one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, span80, talcum powder, nano calcium carbonate and nano titanium dioxide.
In the present invention, the raw materials used are preferably commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 100 parts by weight of water, and the water preferably comprises deionized water.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.1-1 part by weight of matrix material, preferably 0.2-0.4 part by weight, based on the weight of water. In the present invention, the matrix material includes polyvinyl alcohol; the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA 2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 is preferably 7:3. in the invention, the substrate material polyvinyl alcohol provides sufficient dispersion system support for the dust-settling dust suppressant, and provides sufficient hydroxyl and carboxyl groups for the dust-settling dust suppressant, and the existence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups enables the dust-settling dust suppressant to better moisten and combine with dust, changes the contact angle of the dust, and further improves the wettability of the dust.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.1-0.6 part by weight of viscosity modifier, preferably 0.1-0.3 part by weight, and more preferably 0.15-0.25 part by weight based on the weight part of water. In the present invention, the viscosity modifier includes water-soluble cellulose; the water-soluble cellulose preferably comprises carboxymethyl cellulose and/or carboxyethyl cellulose; the number average molecular weight of the water-soluble cellulose is preferably 200000 ～ 300000. In the invention, the viscosity regulator water-soluble cellulose exists in a long-chain cellulose form in an aqueous solution, and an affinity group is provided for the contact of the dust suppressant and dust particles, so that the dust suppressant can better infiltrate and combine with various types of dust, the contact angle of the dust is changed, and the wettability of the dust is further improved.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.2-0.4 part by weight of surface tension regulator, preferably 0.2-0.3 part by weight, based on the weight part of water. In the present invention, the surface tension modifier is acrylic acid and/or polyethylene glycol. In the present invention, the surface tension modifier plays a role in accelerating coagulation, and at the same time plays an important role in improving the dispersibility of the coagulant.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.005-0.5 part by weight of coagulant, preferably 0.05-0.25 part by weight, and more preferably 0.1-0.2 part by weight based on the weight part of water. In the present invention, the coagulant includes one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, span80, talc, nano calcium carbonate and nano titanium dioxide, preferably one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound and talc. In the invention, the mass ratio of the acrylic acid to the methyl methacrylate in the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound is preferably 1:1 to 1:4, further preferably 1:3. in the present invention, the presence of the agglomerating agent accelerates the agglomeration of the dust.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.1-1 part by weight of defoamer, preferably 0.1-0.3 part by weight based on the weight of water. In the present invention, the antifoaming agent preferably includes one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate, and oleoyldiethylenetriamine.
The dust fall suppressant provided by the invention comprises 0.3-1.5 parts by weight of mildew-resistant component, preferably 0.3-0.5 parts by weight, based on the parts by weight of water. In the present invention, the antimycotic component is preferably an aqueous ethylene oxide solution or nano silver, and more preferably nano silver. In the present invention, the concentration of the ethylene oxide aqueous solution is preferably a molar ratio of 1:200 in water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dust fall suppressant, which comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding a matrix material, a viscosity regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/3, a surface tension regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/6, a coagulant, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/2 and an antimycotic component into water, and standing to obtain the dust fall and suppression agent.
In the present invention, the initial temperature of the water is preferably room temperature, and more preferably 22 to 28 ℃.
In the present invention, the addition temperature of the base material is preferably 38 to 40 ℃. In the present invention, the base material is preferably added to water at 0.5 h. In the present invention, after the matrix material is added, it preferably includes: and (5) raising the temperature to the first temperature to perform first heat preservation, and continuously raising the temperature to the second temperature to perform second heat preservation. In the invention, the first temperature is preferably 65 ℃, the time of the first heat preservation is preferably 1.5-4 hours, and the first heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring; the second temperature is preferably 70 ℃, and the second heat preservation time is preferably 2h; the second incubation is preferably performed under resting conditions.
In the invention, the addition temperature of the viscosity modifier is preferably 22-35 ℃; after the addition of the viscosity modifier, it preferably comprises: and carrying out third heat preservation, wherein the time of the third heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.5h, and the third heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the adding temperature of the defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/3 is preferably 35-45 ℃; after the defoaming agent of 1/3 of the total mass is added, the method preferably comprises the step of carrying out fourth heat preservation, wherein the time of the fourth heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the fourth heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the addition temperature of the surface tension regulator is preferably 22-35 ℃, and after the surface tension regulator is added, fifth heat preservation is preferably carried out, wherein the time of the fifth heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the fifth heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the adding temperature of the defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/6 is preferably 22-45 ℃, and after the defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/6 is added, the method preferably further comprises the step of carrying out sixth heat preservation, wherein the time of the sixth heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the sixth heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the adding temperature of the coagulant is preferably 40-50 ℃, and after the coagulant is added, the seventh heat preservation is preferably carried out, wherein the time of the seventh heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the seventh heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the adding temperature of the defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/2 is preferably controlled to be 22-38 ℃ in the mixing stage; after the defoaming agent of 1/2 of the total mass is added, the method preferably further comprises the step of carrying out eighth heat preservation, wherein the time of the eighth heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the eighth heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the invention, the adding temperature of the anti-mildew component is preferably 20-35 ℃, and the ninth heat preservation is preferably carried out after the anti-mildew component is added, wherein the time of the ninth heat preservation is preferably more than or equal to 0.2h, and the ninth heat preservation is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring.
In the present invention, the temperature of the standing is preferably room temperature, more preferably 16 to 18 ℃; the time for the standing is preferably 6 to 8 hours.
In the invention, the preparation method of the dust fall suppressant is preferably carried out in a constant-temperature reaction kettle. In the present invention, the stirring blade tip linear velocity of stirring in the method for producing a dust-fall dust suppressant is preferably 3 to 8m/s, more preferably 4.5 to 6.7m/s.
In the invention, the outflow time of DIN4 viscosity cup (outflow cup) at each stage of the preparation method of the dust fall suppressant is preferably controlled to be 20-68 s, so that the thixotropic change and the shear stress change of the mixed system are relieved.
In the invention, the obtained dust suppression agent is preferably sealed for standby.
The preparation method provided by the invention can realize the full mixing of materials; meanwhile, the adding sequence of materials improves the mixing efficiency, saves the mixing time and improves the average contact concentration difference of the components. In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of less power consumption and time consumption, energy conservation, environmental protection and simple operation.
The invention also provides the application of the dust fall suppressant in mining area dust emission, which is prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method.
In the invention, the mining area dust is preferably northwest lignite mining area dust. In the invention, the northwest lignite mining area dust is preferably carbon-based dust.
The dust fall and suppression agent has excellent dust fall and suppression effects on dust in mining areas and also has good dust fall and suppression effects on common road dust.
In the invention, when the dust fall suppressant is applied to mining area dust emission, the using method preferably comprises the following steps: and spraying or atomizing the dust fall suppressant.
In the present invention, the spray amount of the spray is positively correlated with the dust intensity, and it is preferable that the spray particle diameter is controlled to be greater than 65% by controlling the droplets of 70 to 140 μm.
In the present invention, it is preferable to spray the dust fall suppressant or the fog gun spray dust fall suppressant on the upper part of the continuously suspended dust. In the invention, the upper spray dust-settling dust suppressant or the fog gun spray dust-settling dust suppressant can realize dust settling, and meanwhile, the dust-settling dust suppressant can realize adhesion to settled dust without re-suspension.
In the invention, for exciting dust generated in mining, loading and engineering construction operation, dust escape is preferably prevented by placing a combined aerosol gun for multi-angle dust suppression or arranging a dust suppression aerosol curtain.
In the invention, the windage is easy to erode and the wind power is used for suspending dust again, 1 to 5L/m is adopted 2 The surface of the material pile is uniformly sprayed with the dosage, and the adhesive shell is formed after drying, so that the resuspension is inhibited, and the stability of the adhesive shell is more than 60 days.
In the invention, the dust-proof effect test method of the dust-proof agent preferably comprises the following steps:
under the same test conditions and environment, the original respiratory dust concentration is A 0 ，mg/m 3 The dust concentration after dust suppression treatment by adopting the dust suppression agent is A 1 ，mg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dust fall suppressant respirationThe dust suppression effect of the dust is Ra; the original total dust concentration is B 0 ，mg/m 3 The dust concentration after dust suppression treatment by adopting the dust suppression agent is B 1 ，mg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The dust suppression effect of the dust suppressant is Rb; then:
Ra＝(A 0 -A 1 )/A 0 ；
Rb＝(B 0 -B 1 )/B 0 。
the dust suppression agent, the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
10L (10000 g) of water is taken, and the water is heated to 40 ℃ by stirring after being added into a constant temperature reaction kettle.
25g of the mixture is taken as the following mass ratio 7:3, gradually adding the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 into a constant-temperature reaction kettle within 0.5h, heating the oil bath to 60 ℃, stirring for 3.5h, heating to 70 ℃, and standing for 2h.
15g of carboxyethyl cellulose (number average molecular weight 250000) was taken and put into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 25 ℃ and stirred continuously for 35min according to temperature control until uniformly mixed.
4g of tributyl phosphate and 2g of castor oil are taken as defoamer, and are added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 35 ℃ after being mixed, and are stirred for 15min.
13g of acrylic acid and 8g of polyethylene glycol are taken, a constant temperature reaction kettle is added step by step at 35 ℃, and the mixture is mixed and stirred for 25min until the mixture is uniform.
2g of tributyl phosphate and 1g of castor oil are taken as defoamer, and are added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 35 ℃ after being mixed, and are stirred for 15min.
5g of talcum powder and 4g of acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound (the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate is 1:3) are taken, added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 48 ℃, and stirred for 20min until the mixture is uniform.
6g of tributyl phosphate and 3g of castor oil are taken as defoamer, and are added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 35 ℃ after being mixed, and are stirred for 20min.
50g of the mixture was taken in a molar ratio of 1:200 ethylene oxide solution, slowly adding the mixture into a constant temperature reaction kettle at the temperature of 28 ℃, and hermetically stirring for 16min until the mixture is uniformly mixed.
Standing for one night, and sealing for later use.
Suspension dust test of dust fall suppressant
The concentration generated in a standard dust generation box is 2500mg/m 3 Monitoring the total dust concentration and the inhalable dust concentration after the dust concentration is stable, and recording as A 0 ，B 0 。
Blowing the dust-settling dust suppressant into a spraying area at a constant speed of 3m/s, and spraying the top of the dust-settling dust suppressant, wherein the spraying strength is 0.5L/(h.m) 2 ) And naturally settling the water mist. The dust concentration measured at the outlet is designated A 1 ，B 1 And calculating dust suppression efficiency.
Monitored, B 0 2458mg/m 3 ，A 0 375mg/m 3 ，B 1 188mg/m 3 ，A 1 34mg/m 3 The total dust suppression rate Rb is 92.35%, and the respiratory dust suppression rate Ra is 90.93%.
Under natural conditions, a certain closed site (less influenced by external dust and negligible environment) stacks a certain lignite by two conical stacks with the diameter of 1m and the height of 0.5m, and the two conical stacks are arranged left and right. Sprinkling water on the surface of the left pile, wherein the sprinkling water quantity is 2L/m 2 Blowing from the right side to the left side of the pile by using a blower, continuously blowing at the position of 2m by using the wind speed of 4m/s, measuring the dust concentration at the position of 3m of the downwind of the left side, and spraying a dust suppressant on the surface of the pile at the right side, wherein the spraying amount is 2L/m 2 The blower was placed on the left side, the blowing was continued at 2m using a wind speed of 4m/s, and the dust concentration was measured at 3m downwind. The measurement was continued for 50 days, wherein the wind erosion rate of the left pile (water dust fall) was 2%, and the average concentration of all dust was 145. Mu.g/m 3 The windmilling rate of the right pile is 0.31 percent, and the average concentration of the whole dust is 22 mug/m 3 。
Example 2
10L (10000 g) of water is taken, and the water is heated to 40 ℃ by stirring after being added into a constant temperature reaction kettle.
Taking 20g of the powder with the mass ratio of 7:3, gradually adding the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 into a constant-temperature reaction kettle within 0.5h, heating the oil bath to 60 ℃, stirring for 3.5h, heating to 70 ℃ and standing for 1.5h.
15g of carboxymethyl cellulose (number average molecular weight 250000) is taken and put into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 28 ℃, and stirring is continued for 36min according to temperature control until uniform mixing is achieved.
4g of tributyl phosphate and 2g of potassium sorbate are taken as defoamer, and are added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 35 ℃ after being mixed, and are stirred for 16min.
38g of polyethylene glycol is taken, added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at the system temperature of 35 ℃ and stirred for 30min until the mixture is uniform.
2g of tributyl phosphate and 1g of potassium sorbate are taken as defoamer, and are added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 35 ℃ after being mixed, and are stirred for 16min.
8g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4g of acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound (the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate is 1:3) are taken, added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 40 ℃ and stirred for 20min.
6g of tributyl phosphate and 3g of potassium sorbate are taken as defoamer, added into a constant temperature reaction kettle at 30 ℃ after mixing, and stirred for 23min until mixing is uniform.
50g of the mixture was taken in a molar ratio of 1:200 ethylene oxide solution, slowly adding the mixture into a constant temperature reaction kettle at the temperature of 28 ℃, and hermetically stirring for 25min until the mixture is uniformly mixed.
Standing for one night, and sealing for later use.
Suspension dust test of dust fall suppressant
The concentration generated in a standard dust generation box is 2500mg/m 3 Monitoring the total dust concentration and the inhalable dust concentration after the dust concentration is stable, and recording as A 0 ，B 0 . Blowing the dust suppressant into a spraying area at a constant speed by adopting a wind speed of 3m/s, and spraying the dust suppressant at the top, wherein the spraying strength is 0.5L/(h.m) 2 ) And naturally settling the water mist. The dust concentration measured at the outlet is designated A 1 ，B 1 And calculating dust suppression efficiency. Monitored, B 0 2533mg/m 3 ，A 0 425mg/m 3 ，B 1 213mg/m 3 ，A 1 45mg/m 3 The total dust suppression rate Rb is 91.59%, and the respiratory dust suppression rate Ra is 89.41%.
Under natural conditions, a certain closed place (less influenced by external dust, the ring can be omitted)And then) stacking a certain lignite into two conical stacks with the diameter of 1m and the height of 0.5m, and arranging the two conical stacks left and right. Sprinkling water on the surface of the left pile, wherein the sprinkling water quantity is 2.5L/m 2 Blowing from the right side to the left side of the pile by using a blower, continuously blowing at the position of 2m by using the wind speed of 4m/s, measuring the dust concentration at the position of 3m of the downwind of the left side, and spraying a dust suppressant on the surface of the pile at the right side, wherein the spraying amount is 2.5L/m 2 The blower was placed on the left side, the blowing was continued at 2m using a wind speed of 4m/s, and the dust concentration was measured at 3m downwind. The measurement was continued for 50 days, with a left pile (water dust fall) wind erosion rate of 2.5% and a total dust average concentration of 163. Mu.g/m 3 The windmilling rate of the right pile is 0.33 percent, and the average concentration of the whole dust is 24 mug/m 3 。
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The dust fall suppressant is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of matrix material, 0.1-0.6 part of viscosity regulator, 0.2-0.4 part of surface tension regulator, 0.005-0.5 part of coagulant, 0.1-1 part of defoamer and 0.3-1.5 part of mildew-resistant component;
the matrix material comprises polyvinyl alcohol;
the viscosity modifier comprises water-soluble cellulose;
the surface tension regulator is acrylic acid and/or polyethylene glycol;
the coagulant comprises one or more of an acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, span80, talcum powder, nano calcium carbonate and nano titanium dioxide.
2. The dust suppression agent of claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is a mixture of PVA1788 and PVA 2488; the mass ratio of PVA1788 to PVA2488 in the mixture of PVA1788 and PVA2488 is 7:3.
3. a dust fall suppressant according to claim 1, wherein the water soluble cellulose comprises carboxymethyl cellulose and/or carboxyethyl cellulose.
4. A dust suppression agent as set forth in claim 1 or 3 wherein said water-soluble cellulose has a number average molecular weight of 200000 ～ 300000.
5. The dust suppression agent according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of acrylic acid to methyl methacrylate in the acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate compound is 1:1 to 1:4.
6. a dust fall suppressant according to claim 1, wherein the defoamer comprises one or more of potassium sorbate, tributyl phosphate, castor oil, silicone oil, trioctyl phosphate and oleoyldiethylenetriamine.
7. A dust fall suppressant according to claim 1, wherein the antimycotic component is an aqueous ethylene oxide solution or nano silver.
8. The method for producing a dust suppression agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
sequentially adding a matrix material, a viscosity regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/3, a surface tension regulator, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/6, a coagulant, a defoaming agent with the total mass of 1/2 and an antimycotic component into water, and standing to obtain the dust fall and suppression agent.
9. Use of the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the dust suppressant obtained by the production process according to claim 8 in mining area dusting.
10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that the method of use comprises: and spraying or atomizing the dust fall suppressant.
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