CN116588799A - Special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and loading and unloading process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and a loading and unloading process, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a side cross arm, a connecting beam, a clamping shaft, an outer clamping arm, an inner clamping arm and a hoisting rotary positioning mechanism; the clamping shafts on two sides of the lateral cross arm are respectively and rotatably matched with an outer clamping arm and an inner clamping arm, the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm extend downwards to form clamping arms, the upper ends of the clamping arms extend proximally and are crossed, a cavity is formed in the outer clamping arm, and the inner clamping arm is embedded in the outer clamping arm by utilizing the cavity to form a scissors structure; a hanging beam is arranged right above the connecting beam, the lower part of the hanging beam is connected with connecting rods with the number corresponding to the number and the positions of the outer clamping arms and the inner clamping arms through hinges, one end of each connecting rod, which is far away from the hanging beam, is respectively hinged with the upper ends of the corresponding outer clamping arms and inner clamping arms, and a locking mechanism is arranged between the connecting beam and the hanging beam; the outsides of the two groups of side cross arms are provided with a pressing piece balancing mechanism; the invention has the following beneficial effects: prevent tilting, guarantee balance, practice thrift the manual work, raise the efficiency.

Description

Special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and loading and unloading process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cathode copper hoisting equipment, and particularly relates to a special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and a loading and unloading process.

Background

In permanent stainless steel copper electrorefining, the produced cathode copper is palletized into about 2.5 tons per stack and banded with steel strips. The cathode copper is required to be lifted and transported in the production process; the Chinese patent with publication number of CN204607393U discloses a cathode copper plate clamping and hanging device, when the device is implemented, two workers are required to carry out cathode copper stack hanging operation, at least one worker is required to carry out hook picking on the cathode copper stack after hanging is completed, the number of required workers is at least four, the loading and unloading process is relatively backward, and when the cathode copper stack is hung, the hanging force is relatively small by manpower, the hanging is easy to be unstable, the risk of inclination and even piece dropping exists, and great safety risks can be caused for workers who hang and pick up hooks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and a loading and unloading process, which are used for solving the problems in the background art.

The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and a loading and unloading process thereof comprise the following steps: the side cross arm, the connecting beam, the clamping shaft, the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm; the side cross arm is formed by two groups of metal plates, two ends of the two metal plates are respectively transversely fixed by two groups of clamping shafts, the middle parts of the two side cross arms are fixedly connected by a connecting beam, an outer clamping arm and an inner clamping arm are respectively matched with the clamping shafts on the two sides of the side cross arm in a rotating way, the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm extend downwards to form clamping arms, the upper ends of the outer clamping arms extend towards and are crossed, a cavity is formed in the outer clamping arms, and the inner clamping arms are embedded in the outer clamping arms by the cavity to form a scissor structure; the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm are bounded by clamping shafts, and the weight of the lower parts of the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm is larger than that of the upper parts of the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm; a hanging beam is arranged right above the connecting beam, the lower part of the hanging beam is connected with connecting rods with the number corresponding to the number and the positions of the outer clamping arms and the inner clamping arms through hinges, one end of each connecting rod, which is far away from the hanging beam, is respectively hinged with the upper ends of the corresponding outer clamping arms and inner clamping arms, and a locking mechanism capable of periodically fixing the opening state of a scissor fork structure formed by the inner clamping arms and the outer clamping arms without electricity is arranged between the connecting beam and the hanging beam; the outer sides of the two groups of side cross arms are respectively provided with a pressing piece balancing mechanism which can ensure that the hanging beam and the side cross arms are parallel to the top surface of the cathode copper plate stack during hoisting; the hanging beam is connected under the hanging rotary positioning mechanism.

Further, in order to realize the function of periodically fixing the opening state of the scissors structure formed by the inner clamping arm and the outer clamping arm without electricity: the locking mechanism comprises: the device comprises a lower connecting frame, a fixed sleeve, an upper guide seat, a lower guide seat, a sliding rod, a clamping head, a limiting head, a guide rod, an upper guide groove and a lower guide groove; the lower connecting frame is welded and fixed under the middle part of the hanging beam, the fixed sleeve is connected and fixed at the lower end of the lower connecting frame through a flange and a bolt, an upper guide seat and a lower guide seat of a hollow reducing round body structure are clamped in the fixed sleeve, the lower part of the lower guide seat is arranged into a conical structure, a sliding rod is connected inside the conical structure in a sliding way, the upper end of the sliding rod is provided with a limit head of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the limit head is consistent with the inner diameter of the upper part of the guide seat and is larger than the inner diameter of the conical structure of the lower part of the lower guide seat, the sliding rod cannot deviate from the lower guide seat, four groups of equidistant ninety-degree lower guide grooves are formed in the lower guide seat, one side of the lower guide groove is a vertical side wall, the other side is a smooth inclined side wall, round corners between the vertical side wall and the inclined side wall are treated, the upper guide seat is provided with an upper guide groove, and the contour of the upper guide groove is the result of the lower guide groove after the bottom surface of the guide seat is symmetrical, and the upper guide seat rotates for forty degrees around the axis of the upper guide seat; a guide rod is transversely fixed on the limiting head, and two ends of the guide rod are positioned in a gap between the upper guide groove and the lower guide groove; the sliding rod lower extreme is provided with a dop, and the dop is top surface, bottom surface for rectangular cuboid or class cuboid structure, and the length of a dop top surface side is greater than the length of its perpendicular limit and forms a minor face and a long limit, is equipped with the joint structure that can block admittedly and release the dop on the tie-beam.

Further, in order to fix and release the chuck, the clamping structure needs to be provided with a specific shape: the joint structure includes: the clamping seat, the limiting cavity and the limiting groove; the clamping seat is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of metal blocks, a limiting cavity is formed in the clamping seat, the width of the limiting cavity is larger than that of the long side of the clamping head, two groups of metal blocks are fixed above the limiting cavity, a limiting groove is formed between the two groups of metal blocks, and the width of the limiting groove is larger than or equal to the length of the short side of the clamping head and smaller than the length of the long side of the clamping head.

Further, for the guide bar to move more smoothly: the diameter of the round angle between the vertical side wall and the inclined side wall of the lower guide groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the guide rod.

Further, in order to enhance stability at the time of hoisting: the lower extreme of outer arm lock, interior arm lock is equipped with anti-skidding mechanism, anti-skidding mechanism includes: a connecting block and an anti-slip toothed plate; the opposite surfaces of the lower ends of the outer clamping arm and the inner clamping arm are respectively embedded with a block-shaped structure connecting block, the opposite surfaces of the two groups of connecting blocks are respectively fixed with an anti-skid toothed plate through bolts, and the opposite surfaces of the two groups of anti-skid toothed plates are provided with transverse anti-skid patterns.

Further, in order to strengthen the stability during hoisting, the following steps are further reinforced: the anti-slip toothed plate is made of rubber or metal materials.

Further, for the convenience of connection of the hanging beam and the external crane: more than one group of lifting hook rings are arranged on the upper part of the lifting beam.

Further, in order to make the hanging beam suitable for various hanging modes: the hook ring comprises: a side ring, a middle main ring; the side rings are two groups, are respectively hinged at two ends of the top of the hanging beam, the middle-width rings are two groups, are hinged in the middle of the hanging beam, and are connected by the middle-main ring in a buckling manner.

Further, in order to ensure that the hanging beam and the lateral cross arm are parallel to the top surface of the cathode copper plate stack during hoisting: the follower balancing mechanism includes: the outer side of the lateral cross arm is fixedly provided with at least two groups of outer embedded cylinder frames, each group of outer embedded cylinder frames is internally embedded with a solid compression rod in a sliding manner, and the solid compression rod can only slide up and down in the outer embedded cylinder frames; the bottom of the solid compression bar is connected together by a batten of a batten structure, the batten is parallel to the lateral cross arm, and in order to prevent the solid compression bar from falling out of the externally embedded cylinder frame, the top end of the solid compression bar is provided with a limiting structure with the outer diameter larger than that of the solid compression bar.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) tilting prevention, balance protection and safety improvement: through the setting up of casting die balancing mechanism, solid depression bar can only slide from top to bottom in outer embedded cylinder frame, so the layering that is connected with multiunit solid depression bar can only be parallel to the side arm and move, utilize the loop wheel machine to continue to drop the whole of the invention, the layering contacts the upper surface of the cathode copper plate pile at this moment, because the gravity of this invention equipment, layering can hug closely the upper surface of cathode copper plate pile, that is to say the side arm is always parallel to the upper surface of cathode copper plate pile at the centre gripping, guarantee when this invention is at the centre gripping cathode copper plate pile, outer arm, interior arm can not take place too big deflection displacement, equilibrium stability and security when having ensured the centre gripping cathode copper plate pile.

(2) Saving labor and improving efficiency: through setting up of interior arm lock, outer arm lock, locking mechanism, compare in prior art's among the prior art scheme, the loading of cathode copper plate buttress, discharge, hoist and mount all can be accomplished through crane driver one personnel, have practiced thrift a large amount of manual works, and need not to consider the coordination problem between each work kind, have improved hoist and mount production efficiency.

(3) Crane suitable for non-rotation function: through the setting up of hoist and mount rotary positioning mechanism, when the goods put the angle non-unification, perhaps hoist angle changes during hoist and mount, accessible remote controller control circuit board switches step motor's circuit, control its positive and negative rotation, can drive the drive gear rotation through its drive shaft when step motor rotates, the drive gear rotation drives the ring gear, the rotary rod, the hanging scaffold is whole rotatory around first bearing, the second bearing, and then drive hanging scaffold hook and hoist rotation under it, and then the angle of adjustment hoist, make things convenient for the hoist to carry out the adaptability adjustment on the angle to the goods of different angles, make things convenient for the hoist to snatch the goods with fixed angle, the hoist capability of its adaptation hoist has been improved, when the loop wheel machine of its adaptation does not have rotatory function, hoist also can go on smoothly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the spreader of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the element balancing principle of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the middle clip principle of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 5 at B;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the mid-clip principle of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded construction of a hoisting and rotating positioning mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the hoisting and rotating positioning mechanism in the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a sliding ball according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a view showing a reference of a cathode copper structure hoisted in the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a side cross arm; 2. a connecting beam; 3. a clamping shaft; 4. an outer clip arm; 5. an inner clip arm; 6. a pressing piece balancing mechanism; 7. an anti-slip mechanism; 8. a locking mechanism; 9. a hanging beam; 10. a lifting hook; 11. a connecting rod; 12. cathode copper plate stack; 13. hoisting the rotary positioning mechanism; 601. an externally embedded cylinder frame; 602. a solid compression bar; 603. pressing strips; 701. a connecting block; 702. an anti-slip toothed plate; 801. a connecting frame is arranged below the lower connecting frame; 802. a fixed sleeve; 803. an upper guide seat; 804. a lower guide seat; 805. a slide bar; 806. a chuck; 807. a positioning head; 808. a guide rod; 809. an upper guide groove; 810. a lower guide groove; 811. a clamping seat; 812. a spacing cavity; 813. a limit groove; 1001. a side ring; 1002. a middle ring; 1003. a middle main ring; 1301. a fixed plate; 1302. a hanging scaffold; 1303. a rotating rod; 1304. a motor base; 1305. a protective cover; 1306. a first bearing; 1307. a second bearing; 1308. a heat radiation hole; 1309. a hanging ring; 1310. a hook; 1311. a stepping motor; 1312. a drive gear; 1313. an inner gear ring; 1314. a sliding bead; 1315. a slide rail; 1316. a storage battery; 1317. a circuit board.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a special lifting appliance for cathode copper loading and unloading and a loading and unloading process thereof comprise the following steps: the side cross arm 1, the connecting beam 2, the clamping shaft 3, the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5; the side cross arm 1 is formed by two groups of metal plates, two ends of the two metal plates are respectively transversely fixed by adopting two groups of clamping shafts 3, the middle parts of the two side cross arms 1 are fixedly connected by adopting a connecting beam 2, the clamping shafts 3 on two sides of the side cross arm 1 are respectively and rotatably matched with an outer clamping arm 4 and an inner clamping arm 5, the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 downwards extend to form clamping arms, the upper ends of the outer clamping arms are proximally extended and are crossed, a cavity is formed in the outer clamping arms 4, and the inner clamping arms 5 are embedded in the outer clamping arms 4 by utilizing the cavity to form a scissor structure; the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 are defined by the clamping shaft 3, and the weight of the lower parts of the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 is larger than that of the upper parts of the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5; a hanging beam 9 is arranged right above the connecting beam 2, connecting rods 11 with the number corresponding to the number and the positions of the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 are connected under the hanging beam 9 through hinges, one ends of the connecting rods 11 far away from the hanging beam 9 are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the corresponding outer clamping arms 4 and the corresponding inner clamping arms 5, and a locking mechanism 8 which can be used for periodically fixing the open state of a scissor fork structure formed by the inner clamping arms 5 and the outer clamping arms 4 without electricity is arranged between the connecting beam 2 and the hanging beam 9; the outer sides of the two groups of side cross arms 1 are respectively provided with a pressing piece balancing mechanism 6 which can ensure that the hanging beam 9 and the side cross arms 1 are parallel to the top surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12 during hanging, and the hanging beam 9 is connected under the hanging rotary positioning mechanism 13.

In order to realize the function of periodically fixing the opening state of the scissors structure formed by the inner clamping arm 5 and the outer clamping arm 4 without electricity: the locking mechanism 8 comprises: lower connecting frame 801, fixed sleeve 802, upper guide 803, lower guide 804, sliding bar 805, clamping head 806, limiting head 807, guide bar 808, upper guide 809, lower guide 810; the lower connecting frame 801 is welded and fixed right below the middle part of the hanging beam 9, the fixed sleeve 802 is connected and fixed at the lower end of the lower connecting frame 801 through a flange and a bolt, an upper guide seat 803 and a lower guide seat 804 of a hollow diameter-changing round body structure are clamped in the fixed sleeve 802, the lower part of the lower guide seat 804 is arranged into a conical structure, a sliding rod 805 is connected inside the conical structure in a sliding manner, the upper end of the sliding rod 805 is provided with a limit head 807 of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the limit head 807 is consistent with the inner diameter of the upper part of the guide seat 804 and is larger than the inner diameter of the lower conical structure of the lower guide seat 804, the sliding rod 805 cannot deviate from the lower guide seat 804, four groups of equidistant ninety-degree lower guide grooves 810 are arranged on the lower guide seat 804, one side of the lower guide groove 810 is a vertical side wall, the other side is a smooth inclined side wall, a round angle is processed between the vertical side wall and the inclined side wall, the upper guide seat is provided with an upper guide groove 809, the contour of the upper guide groove 809 is the result of the upper guide groove 803 rotating around the bottom surface 803 by fifteenth degrees after being symmetrical; a guide rod 808 is transversely fixed on the limiting head 807, and two ends of the guide rod 808 are positioned in a gap between the upper guide groove 809 and the lower guide groove 810; the lower extreme of slide bar 805 is provided with a chuck 806, and chuck 806 is the cuboid or the cuboid-like structure that top surface, bottom surface are rectangular, and the length of a side of chuck 806 top surface is greater than the length of its perpendicular limit and forms a minor face and a long limit, is equipped with the joint structure that can block admittedly and release chuck 806 on the tie-beam 2.

In order to be able to lock and release the chuck 806, the locking structure needs to be provided with a specific shape: the joint structure includes: a clamping seat 811, a limiting cavity 812 and a limiting groove 813; the clamping seat 811 is formed by connecting multiple groups of metal blocks, a limiting cavity 812 is formed in the clamping seat, the width of the limiting cavity 812 is larger than the width of the long side of the clamping head 806, two groups of metal blocks are fixed above the limiting cavity 812, a limiting groove 813 is formed between the two groups of metal blocks, and the width of the limiting groove 813 is larger than or equal to the length of the short side of the clamping head 806 and smaller than the length of the long side of the clamping head 806.

To move the guide bar 808 more smoothly: the radius between the vertical and sloped sidewalls of the lower guide groove 810 is identical in diameter to the outer diameter of the guide bar 808.

In order to enhance stability at hoisting: the lower extreme of outer arm lock 4, interior arm lock 5 is equipped with anti-skidding mechanism 7, and anti-skidding mechanism 7 includes: a connection block 701, an anti-slip toothed plate 702; the opposite surfaces of the lower ends of the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 are respectively embedded with a block-shaped structure connecting block 701, the opposite surfaces of the two groups of connecting blocks 701 are respectively fixed with an anti-skid toothed plate 702 through bolts, and the opposite surfaces of the two groups of anti-skid toothed plates 702 are provided with transverse anti-skid patterns.

To strengthen the stability at hoisting further: the anti-slip toothed plate 702 is a rubber or metal material.

To facilitate the connection of the lifting beam 9 to an external crane: the upper part of the hanging beam 9 is provided with more than one group of hanging hook rings 10.

In order to make the lifting beam 9 suitable for a variety of lifting modes: the hook ring 10 includes: side ring 1001, middle ring 1002, middle main ring 1003; the number of the side rings 1001 is two, the two side rings are respectively hinged at two ends of the top of the hanging beam 9, the number of the middle-width rings 1002 is two, the two middle-width rings 1002 are hinged in the middle of the hanging beam 9, and the two middle-width rings 1002 are connected by the middle main ring 1003 in a buckling manner.

In order to ensure that the hanging beam 9 and the lateral cross arm 1 are parallel to the top surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12 during hoisting: the pressure member balancing mechanism 6 includes: the outer side of the lateral cross arm 1 is fixedly provided with at least two groups of outer embedded cylinder frames 601, each group of outer embedded cylinder frames 601 is internally embedded with a solid compression bar 602 in a sliding manner, and the solid compression bar 602 can only slide up and down in the outer embedded cylinder frames 601; the bottom of the solid compression bar 602 is connected together by a batten 603 with a lath structure, the batten 603 is parallel to the lateral cross arm 1, and in order to prevent the solid compression bar 602 from falling out of the outer embedded cylinder frame 601, the top end of the solid compression bar 602 is provided with a limiting structure with the outer diameter larger than that of the solid compression bar 602.

Hoist and mount rotary positioning mechanism 13 includes: fixed disk 1301, hanging scaffold 1302, rotary rod 1303 and motor base 1304; the motor base 1304 is a circular metal flat plate, a rotary rod 1303 is matched with the center of the motor base 1304 through a bearing of a second bearing 1307, the lower end of the rotary rod 1303 is fixed at the center of the hanging plate 1302, the hanging plate 1302 is of a circular shell structure with an upper opening, an inner gear ring 1313 is concentrically fixed in the hanging plate 1302, a stepping motor 1311 is fixed on the motor base 1304 through a motor bracket, the axis of a driving shaft of the stepping motor 1311 is vertical, the driving shaft of the stepping motor 1311 extends out to the lower part of the motor base 1304 and is fixed with a driving gear 1312 through a clamping key, the driving gear 1312 is meshed with the inner gear ring 1313, a protective cover 1305 is fixed on the motor base 1304 through a flange, the top of the protective cover 1305 is fixed with a fixed disc 1301 of a disc structure, at least two groups of hanging rings 1309 are fixed above the fixed on the fixed disc 1301, and at least two groups of hooks 1310 for hanging slings are fixed below the hanging plate 1302; a sliding bead 1314 is movably embedded in the bottom surface of the motor base 1304, and the sliding bead 1314 is circumferentially distributed around the axis of the motor base 1304; the upper surface of the hanging scaffold 1302 is provided with a sliding rail 1315 for embedding and rolling the sliding beads 1314; the center of the fixed disc 1301 is bearing-fitted with the upper portion of the rotating rod 1303 through a first bearing 1306; the motor base 1304 is provided with a storage battery 1316 and a circuit board 1317, the storage battery 1316 supplies power to the stepping motor 1311 through the circuit board 1317 and leads, and the circuit board 1317 is integrated with a remote control unit.

When in use, the utility model is characterized in that: as shown in fig. 7, in the original state, the chuck 806 is integrally located in the limiting cavity 812, the long side of the chuck 806 is limited by the limiting groove 813, at this time, the distance between the connecting beam 2 and the hanging beam 9 is compressed to be in a shorter state and fixed, at this time, a scissor mechanism formed by the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 is opened, a remote controller is adapted to a remote control unit integrated on the circuit board 1317, then as shown in fig. 1, the middle main ring 1003 or two groups of side rings 1001 are mounted on the hook 1310 by using a cable, the hanging ring 1309 and the cable are connected with a crane device such as a wharf crane, a portal crane and a crane head of the crane, the crane device is used for controlling the integral lifting of the entity of the invention, the lifting rotary positioning mechanism is used for adjusting the deflection angle of the lifted cathode copper plate stack 12, the lifting tool is convenient for grabbing the cathode copper plate stack 12 at a fixed angle, the storage battery 1316 can be disassembled for charging, and all circuits on the circuit board 1317 can be directly and externally plugged into the charger by using a wire.

The loading and unloading process comprises the following steps:

step one, starting a lifting appliance: the entity of the invention is integrally lifted by a crane and is positioned right above the cathode copper plate stack 12 to be clamped and lifted;

step two (when the crane head of the crane has self-owned rotation capability, the lifting rotation positioning mechanism can be omitted, the lifting hook 10 is directly connected with the crane, the step two and the step seven are realized by depending on the rotation mechanism of the crane head, and the lifting appliance angle is adjusted: the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor 1311 is controlled by the remote controller, when the stepping motor 1311 rotates, the driving shaft drives the driving gear 1312 to rotate, the driving gear 1312 rotates to drive the inner gear ring 1313, the rotating rod 1303 and the hanging scaffold 1302 to integrally rotate around the first bearing 1306 and the second bearing 1307, so that the hanging scaffold 1302 is driven to rotate with the hook 1310 and the lifting tool below the hanging scaffold 1302, the angle of the lifting tool is adjusted, the lifting tool can conveniently carry out the adaptive adjustment on the angles of cathode copper plate stacks 12 with different angles, and the anti-skid mechanism 7 is positioned right above the two sides of the cathode copper plate stacks 12;

step 12, balancing a lifting appliance, and guaranteeing clamping balance stability: then the whole entity of the invention is lowered by using a crane until the anti-skid mechanisms 7 at the two sides of the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 are positioned at the two sides of the cathode copper plate stack 12; because the solid compression bars 602 can only slide up and down in the outer embedded cylinder frame 601, the compression bars 603 connected with a plurality of groups of solid compression bars 602 can only move parallel to the side clamping arms 1, and then the crane is used for continuously lowering the entity whole of the cathode copper plate stack 12, at the moment, the compression bars 603 are contacted with the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12, because of the gravity of the equipment, the compression bars 603 can be closely attached to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12, that is to say, the side clamping arms 1 are always parallel to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12 when clamping, so that the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 cannot deflect and shift too much when clamping the cathode copper plate stack 12, and the balance stability when clamping the cathode copper plate stack 12 is ensured;

step 13, releasing a scissor fork structure formed by the inner clamping arm 5 and the outer clamping arm 4: continuing to lower the entity whole by using the crane, and sliding the solid compression bar 602 in the outer embedded cylinder frame 601, and simultaneously keeping the side cross arm 1 parallel to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack 12; until the bottom of the anti-skid mechanism 7 contacts the platform (such as a stacking platform, the bottom of an automobile trunk and the bottom of a ship case) where the cathode copper plate stack 12 is positioned; the whole body of the invention is continuously lowered by using the crane, at the moment, the hanging beam 9 moves to the side of the connecting beam 2 to the nearest distance due to gravity, the bottom of the clamping head 806 is propped against the bottom of the limiting cavity 812, so that the clamping head 806 is pressed downwards under the action of the gravity of the hanging beam 9, the sliding rod 805, the clamping head 806, the limiting head 807 and the guide rod 808 move in the direction close to the upper guide seat 803, because the outline of the upper guide groove 809 (shown in figure 5) is formed, the guide rod 808 moves to the top end of the upper guide groove 809 and deflects by forty-five degrees, and at the moment, the guide rod 808 also limits the head 807 and the guide rod 808 to deflect forty-five degrees by driving the clamping head 806; at this time, the whole entity of the invention is slowly lifted by the crane, the guide rod 808 falls down again due to gravity, at this time, the guide rod 808 moves to the bottom of the lower guide groove 810 due to the outline shape of the lower guide groove 810 (as shown in fig. 5), and is deflected continuously by forty-five degrees in the same way, and the guide rod 808 drives the clamping head 806 to deflect continuously by forty-five degrees in combination with forty-five degrees of deflection during pressing down, and deflects ninety degrees in total; at this time, the long side of the clamping head 806 is parallel to the limiting groove 813, and because the width of the limiting groove 813 is greater than or equal to the width of the short side of the clamping head 806 and smaller than the width of the long side of the clamping head 806, the limiting groove 813 can not limit the clamping head 806 any more, the clamping head 806 is released by the limiting groove 813, and then the scissor structure formed by the inner clamping arm 5 and the outer clamping arm 4 is released;

step 14, clamping the clamped cathode copper plate stack 12: because the weight of the lower parts of the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 is larger than that of the upper parts of the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5, the lower parts of the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 can be mutually closed under the action of the gravity of the lower parts of the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 so as to clamp the cathode copper plate stack 12, and at the moment, the anti-skid patterns in the anti-skid toothed plate 702 are embedded into gaps between each group of cathode copper plates in the cathode copper plate stack 12 so as to provide an anti-skid effect;

step six, lifting the cathode copper plate stack 12 and transferring to the next platform: the whole entity of the invention is continuously lifted by using a crane, the outer clamping arm 4 and the inner clamping arm 5 can clamp and lift the cathode copper plate stack 12, then the cathode copper plate stack 12 is deflected by the crane to be transferred to the next platform to be transferred, at the moment, the cathode copper plate stack 12 is transferred to a designated position by continuously lowering by using the crane again, and the cathode copper plate stack 12 is close to the bottom of the next platform;

step seven (when the crane head of the crane has self-owned rotation capability, the lifting rotation positioning mechanism can be omitted, the lifting hook 10 is directly connected with the crane, the step two and the step seven are realized by depending on the rotation mechanism of the crane head, and the stacking angle of the cathode copper plate stack 12 after lifting is adjusted: the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor 1311 is controlled by the remote controller, when the stepping motor 1311 rotates, the driving shaft drives the driving gear 1312 to rotate, the driving gear 1312 rotates to drive the inner gear ring 1313, the rotating rod 1303 and the hanging scaffold 1302 to integrally rotate around the first bearing 1306 and the second bearing 1307, so that the hanging scaffold 1302 is driven to rotate with the hook 1310 and the lifting tool below the hanging scaffold 1302, and the integral angle of the lifting tool and the cathode copper plate stack 12 is adjusted, so that the stacking angle of the cathode copper plate stack 12 after lifting meets the relevant stacking requirement;

step eight, releasing the clamped cathode copper plate stack 12: continuing to lower the cathode copper plate stack 12, after the cathode copper plate stack 12 contacts the bottom of the next platform, continuing to lower the entity whole of the invention again by using the crane, moving the hanging beam 9 to the nearest distance towards the side of the connecting beam 2 due to gravity, enabling the clamping head 806 to enter the limiting cavity 812, enabling the bottom of the clamping head 806 to prop against the bottom of the limiting cavity 812, enabling the clamping head 806 to be pressed down under the action of gravity of the hanging beam 9, enabling the sliding rod 805, the clamping head 806, the limiting head 807 and the guide rod 808 to move towards the direction close to the upper guide seat 803, and enabling the guide rod 808 to move to the top end of the upper guide groove 809 and deflect forty-five degrees due to the outline shape (shown in fig. 5) of the upper guide groove 809, and enabling the guide rod 808 to also deflect the limiting head 807 and the guide rod 808 by forty-five degrees through the driving of the clamping head 806; at this time, the crane is continued to slowly hoist the whole entity of the invention, the guide rod 808 falls down again due to gravity, at this time, the guide rod 808 moves to the bottom of the lower guide groove 810 due to the outline shape of the lower guide groove 810 (as shown in fig. 5), and is deflected by forty-five degrees in the same way, and the guide rod 808 drives the clamping head 806 to deflect by forty-five degrees in combination with forty-five degrees of deflection during pressing, and deflects by ninety degrees in total; at this time, the short sides of the clamping heads 806 are parallel to the limiting grooves 813, and because the width of the limiting grooves 813 is greater than or equal to the width of the short sides of the clamping heads 806 and smaller than the width of the long sides of the clamping heads 806, the limiting grooves 813 limit the clamping heads 806 again, the distance between the hanging connection beam 2 and the hanging beam 9 is compressed to be in a short state and fixed (as shown in fig. 7), and at this time, a fork shearing mechanism formed by the outer clamping arms 4 and the inner clamping arms 5 is opened to release the cathode copper plate stacks 12.

Step nine, repeating the operation until the transfer is finished: and repeating the first to eighth steps (when the crane head has self-owned rotation capability, the lifting rotation positioning mechanism can be omitted, the lifting hook 10 is directly connected with the crane, and the second and seventh steps are realized by depending on the rotation mechanism of the crane head), until all cathode copper plate stacks 12 are transferred.

The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling, comprising: the device comprises a side cross arm (1), a connecting beam (2), a clamping shaft (3), an outer clamping arm (4), an inner clamping arm (5) and a hoisting rotary positioning mechanism (13); the side cross arm (1) is formed by two groups of metal plates, two ends of each metal plate are respectively transversely fixed by two groups of clamping shafts (3), the middle parts of the two side cross arms (1) are connected and fixed by a connecting beam (2), the clamping shafts (3) on the two sides of the side cross arm (1) are respectively and rotatably matched with an outer clamping arm (4) and an inner clamping arm (5), the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) downwards extend to form clamping arms, the upper ends of the outer clamping arms (4) are proximally extended and are crossed, a cavity is formed in the outer clamping arms (4), and the inner clamping arms (5) are embedded in the outer clamping arms (4) by utilizing the cavity to form a scissor structure; the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) are bounded by the clamping shaft (3), and the weight of the lower parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) is larger than that of the upper parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5); a hanging beam (9) is arranged right above the connecting beam (2), connecting rods (11) with the number corresponding to the number and the positions of the outer clamping arms (4) and the inner clamping arms (5) are connected under the hanging beam (9) through hinges, one ends of the connecting rods (11) far away from the hanging beam (9) are hinged with the corresponding outer clamping arms (4) and the upper ends of the inner clamping arms (5) respectively, and locking mechanisms (8) capable of fixing the opening state of a scissor fork structure formed by the inner clamping arms (5) and the outer clamping arms (4) without electricity are arranged between the connecting beam (2) and the hanging beam (9); the outer sides of the two groups of side cross arms (1) are respectively provided with a pressing piece balancing mechanism (6) which can ensure that the hanging beam (9) and the side cross arms (1) are parallel to the top surface of the cathode copper plate stack (12) during hanging, and the hanging beam (9) is connected under the hanging rotary positioning mechanism (13).

2. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the locking mechanism (8) comprises: the device comprises a lower connecting frame (801), a fixed sleeve (802), an upper guide seat (803), a lower guide seat (804), a sliding rod (805), a clamping head (806), a limiting head (807), a guide rod (808), an upper guide groove (809) and a lower guide groove (810); the lower connecting frame (801) is welded and fixed under the middle part of the hanging beam (9), the fixed sleeve (802) is connected and fixed at the lower end of the lower connecting frame (801) through a flange and a bolt, the fixed sleeve (802) is internally provided with an upper guide seat (803) and a lower guide seat (804) which are fixedly clamped with a hollow variable-diameter round body structure, the lower part of the lower guide seat (804) is arranged into a conical structure, a sliding rod (805) is connected inside the conical structure in a sliding manner, the upper end of the sliding rod (805) is provided with a limit head (807) of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the limit head (807) is consistent with the inner diameter of the upper part of the guide seat (804) and is larger than the inner diameter of the conical structure of the lower part of the lower guide seat (804), the sliding rod (805) is prevented from falling out of the lower guide seat (804), one side of the lower guide seat (804) is provided with four groups of equidistant ninety-degree lower guide grooves (810), one side of the lower guide groove (810) is a vertical side wall, the other side wall is provided with a round side wall, the vertical side wall and the inclined side wall is processed between the vertical side wall and the inclined side wall is consistent with the outer diameter of the guide rod (808); an upper guide groove (809) is formed in the upper guide seat (803), and the outline of the upper guide groove (809) is a result of the fact that the bottom surface of the upper guide seat (803) above the lower guide groove (810) is symmetrical and then rotates for forty-five degrees around the axial lead of the upper guide seat (803); a guide rod (808) is transversely fixed on the limiting head (807), and two ends of the guide rod (808) are positioned in a gap between the upper guide groove (809) and the lower guide groove (810); the lower extreme of slide bar (805) is provided with a dop (806), and dop (806) are top surface, bottom surface for rectangular cuboid or class cuboid structure, and the length of a side of dop (806) top surface is greater than the length of its vertical limit and forms a minor face and a long limit, is equipped with the joint structure that can block admittedly and release dop (806) on connecting beam (2).

3. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the joint structure includes: the clamping seat (811), the limiting cavity (812) and the limiting groove (813); the clamping seat (811) is formed by connecting a plurality of groups of metal blocks, a limiting cavity (812) is formed in the clamping seat, the width of the limiting cavity (812) is larger than the width of the long side of the clamping head (806), two groups of metal blocks are fixed above the limiting cavity (812), a limiting groove (813) is formed between the two groups of metal blocks, and the width of the limiting groove (813) is larger than or equal to the length of the short side of the clamping head (806) and smaller than the length of the long side of the clamping head (806).

4. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme of outer arm lock (4), interior arm lock (5) is equipped with anti-skidding mechanism (7), and anti-skidding mechanism (7) includes: a connecting block (701) and an anti-slip toothed plate (702); the anti-skid clamping device is characterized in that the opposite surfaces of the lower ends of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) are respectively embedded with a block-shaped structure connecting block (701), the opposite surfaces of the two groups of connecting blocks (701) are respectively fixed with an anti-skid toothed plate (702) through bolts, and the opposite surfaces of the two groups of anti-skid toothed plates (702) are provided with transverse anti-skid patterns.

5. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: more than one group of lifting hook rings (10) are arranged on the upper part of the lifting beam (9).

6. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as recited in claim 5, wherein: the lifting shackle (10) comprises: a side ring (1001), a middle ring (1002), and a middle main ring (1003); the number of the side rings (1001) is two, the side rings are respectively hinged at two ends of the top of the hanging beam (9), the number of the middle-sized rings (1002) is two, the side rings are hinged at the middle of the hanging beam (9), and the two middle-sized rings (1002) are connected by the middle main ring (1003) in a ring buckle mode.

7. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compression element balancing mechanism (6) comprises: the outer side of the lateral cross arm (1) is fixedly provided with at least two groups of outer embedded cylinder frames (601), each group of outer embedded cylinder frames (601) is internally embedded with a solid compression rod (602) in a sliding manner, and the solid compression rod (602) can only slide up and down in the outer embedded cylinder frames (601); the bottom of the solid compression bar (602) is connected together by a batten (603) with a batten structure, the batten (603) is parallel to the lateral cross arm (1), and in order to prevent the solid compression bar (602) from falling out of the outer embedded cylinder frame (601), the top end of the solid compression bar (602) is provided with a limiting structure with the outer diameter larger than that of the solid compression bar (602).

8. A special lifting appliance for cathode copper handling as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hoisting rotary positioning mechanism (13) comprises: a hoisting rotational positioning apparatus comprising: a fixed disc (1301), a hanging disc (1302), a rotary rod (1303) and a motor base (1304); the motor base (1304) is a circular metal flat plate, a rotary rod (1303) is matched with the center of the motor base (1304) through a bearing of a second bearing (1307), the lower end of the rotary rod (1303) is fixed at the center of the hanging scaffold (1302), the hanging scaffold (1302) is of a circular shell structure with an upper opening, an inner gear ring (1313) is concentrically fixed in the hanging scaffold (1302), a stepping motor (1311) is fixed on the motor base (1304) through a motor bracket, the axis of a driving shaft of the stepping motor (1311) is vertical, a driving gear (1312) is fixed below the motor base (1304) through a clamping key, the driving gear (1312) is meshed with the inner gear ring (1313), a protective cover (1305) is fixed on the motor base (1304) through a flange, at least two groups of hanging hooks (1310) for hanging a hanging scaffold (1302) are fixed on the upper side of the protective cover (1305); the sliding beads (1314) are movably embedded in the bottom surface of the motor base (1304), and the sliding beads (1314) are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the motor base (1304); the upper surface of the hanging scaffold (1302) is provided with a sliding rail (1315) for embedding and rolling the sliding beads (1314); the center of the fixed disc (1301) is matched with the upper part of the rotating rod (1303) through a first bearing (1306) in a bearing way; the motor base (1304) is provided with a storage battery (1316) and a circuit board (1317), the storage battery (1316) supplies power for the stepping motor (1311) through the circuit board (1317) and a lead, and a remote control unit is integrated on the circuit board (1317).

9. The process for handling a special lifting appliance for handling cathode copper according to claim 1, wherein: the loading and unloading process comprises the following steps:

(1) step one, starting a lifting appliance: the entity of the invention is integrally lifted by a crane and is positioned right above a cathode copper plate stack (12) to be clamped and lifted;

(2) step two, adjusting the angle of the lifting appliance: the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor (1311) is controlled by the remote controller, when the stepping motor (1311) rotates, the driving gear (1312) is driven to rotate by the driving shaft of the stepping motor, the driving gear (1312) rotates to drive the inner gear ring (1313), the rotating rod (1303) and the hanging scaffold (1302) to integrally rotate around the first bearing (1306) and the second bearing (1307), so that the hanging scaffold (1302) is driven to rotate with the hook (1310) and the lifting tool below the hanging scaffold, the angle of the lifting tool is adjusted, and the lifting tool can conveniently perform the adaptive adjustment on the angles of cathode copper plate stacks (12) with different angles, so that the anti-skid mechanism (7) is positioned right above two sides of the cathode copper plate stacks (12);

(3) step three, balancing a lifting appliance, and guaranteeing clamping balance stability: then the whole entity of the invention is lowered by using the crane until the anti-slip mechanisms (7) at the two sides of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) are positioned at the two sides of the cathode copper plate stack (12); because the solid compression bar (602) can only slide up and down in the outer embedded cylinder frame (601), the compression bar (603) connected with a plurality of groups of solid compression bars (602) can only move parallel to the side cross arm (1), and then the whole entity of the cathode copper plate stack (12) is continuously lowered by using the crane, at the moment, the compression bar (603) contacts the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack (12), and because of the gravity of the device, the compression bar (603) clings to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack (12), that is, the side cross arm (1) is always parallel to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack (12) when clamping the cathode copper plate stack (12), so that the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) cannot deflect and shift too much when clamping the cathode copper plate stack (12) of the device, and the balance stability when clamping the cathode copper plate stack (12) is ensured;

(4) step four, releasing a scissor fork structure formed by the inner clamping arm (5) and the outer clamping arm (4): the whole entity of the invention is continuously lowered by using the crane, the solid compression bar (602) slides in the externally embedded cylinder frame (601), and meanwhile, the side cross arm (1) is also kept parallel to the upper surface of the cathode copper plate stack (12); until the bottom of the anti-skid mechanism (7) contacts the platform where the cathode copper plate stack (12) is positioned; the whole body of the invention is continuously lowered by using the crane, at the moment, the lifting beam (9) moves to the side of the connecting beam (2) to the nearest distance due to gravity, the bottom of the clamping head (806) is propped against the bottom of the limiting cavity (812), so that the clamping head (806) is pressed downwards under the action of the gravity of the lifting beam (9), the sliding rod (805), the clamping head (806), the limiting head (807) and the guide rod (808) move towards the direction close to the upper guide seat (803), because of the outline shape of the upper guide groove (809), the guide rod (808) can move to the top end of the upper guide groove (809) and deflect forty-five degrees, and at the moment, the guide rod (808) can also limit the head (807) and the guide rod (808) to deflect forty-five degrees by driving the clamping head (806); at the moment, the whole body of the invention is slowly lifted by using the crane, the guide rod (808) falls down again due to gravity, at the moment, the guide rod (808) moves to the bottom of the lower guide groove (810) due to the outline shape of the lower guide groove (810), and is deflected for forty-five degrees in the same way, and the guide rod (808) drives the clamping head (806) to deflect for forty-five degrees in the same way, and is deflected for ninety degrees in total when being combined with the forty-five degrees deflected during pressing; at this time, the long side of the clamping head (806) is parallel to the limiting groove (813), and because the width of the limiting groove (813) is larger than or equal to the width of the short side of the clamping head (806) and smaller than the width of the long side of the clamping head (806), the limiting groove (813) can not limit the clamping head (806) any more, the clamping head (806) is released by the limiting groove (813), and then the scissors structure formed by the inner clamping arm (5) and the outer clamping arm (4) is released;

(5) step five, clamping the cathode copper plate stack (12) in a clamping mode: because the weight of the lower parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) is larger than that of the upper parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5), the lower parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) can be mutually closed under the action of the gravity of the lower parts of the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5), and then the cathode copper plate stack (12) is clamped, and at the moment, the anti-skid patterns in the anti-skid toothed plate (702) are embedded into gaps between each group of cathode copper plates in the cathode copper plate stack (12), so that an anti-skid effect is provided;

(6) hoisting and transferring the cathode copper plate stack (12) to the next platform: the whole entity of the invention is continuously lifted by using the crane, the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) can clamp and lift the cathode copper plate stack (12), then the cathode copper plate stack (12) is transferred to the next platform to be transferred by the crane deflection, at the moment, the cathode copper plate stack (12) is transferred to the appointed position by continuously lowering again by using the crane, and the cathode copper plate stack (12) is close to the bottom of the next platform;

(7) step seven, adjusting the stacking angle of the cathode copper plate stack (12) after hoisting: the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor (1311) is controlled by the remote controller, when the stepping motor (1311) rotates, the driving gear (1312) is driven to rotate by the driving shaft of the stepping motor, the driving gear (1312) rotates to drive the inner gear ring (1313), the rotating rod (1303) and the hanging scaffold (1302) to integrally rotate around the first bearing (1306) and the second bearing (1307), so that the hooks (1310) and the lifting devices below the hanging scaffold (1302) are driven to rotate, and the integral angles of the lifting devices and the cathode copper plate stacks (12) are adjusted, so that the stacking angle of the cathode copper plate stacks (12) after lifting meets the relevant stacking requirements;

(8) step eight, releasing the clamped cathode copper plate stack (12): continuing to lower the cathode copper plate stack (12), after the cathode copper plate stack (12) contacts the bottom of the next platform, continuing to lower the entity of the invention again by using the crane, wherein the hanging beam (9) moves to the nearest distance towards the side of the connecting beam (2) due to gravity, the clamping head (806) enters the limiting cavity (812), the bottom of the clamping head (806) is propped against the bottom of the limiting cavity (812) so that the clamping head (806) is pressed down under the action of the gravity of the hanging beam (9), the sliding rod (805), the clamping head (806), the limiting head (807) and the guide rod (808) integrally move towards the direction close to the upper guide seat (803), and because of the outline of the upper guide groove (809), the guide rod (808) moves to the top end of the upper guide groove (809) and deflects forty-five degrees, and at the moment, the guide rod (808) also deflects forty-five degrees by driving the clamping head (807); at the moment, the whole body of the invention is slowly lifted by the crane, the guide rod (808) falls down again due to gravity, the guide rod (808) moves to the bottom of the lower guide groove (810) due to the outline shape of the lower guide groove (810), and is deflected for forty-five degrees in the same way, and the guide rod (808) drives the clamping head (806) to deflect for forty-five degrees in combination with forty-five degrees deflected during pressing, and ninety degrees in total; at this time, the short side of the clamping head (806) is parallel to the limiting groove (813), and because the width of the limiting groove (813) is larger than or equal to the width of the short side of the clamping head (806) and smaller than the width of the long side of the clamping head (806), the limiting groove (813) can limit the clamping head (806) again, the distance between the hanging connecting beam (2) and the hanging beam (9) is compressed to be in a shorter state and fixed, and at this time, a shearing fork mechanism formed by the outer clamping arm (4) and the inner clamping arm (5) is opened to release the cathode copper plate stack (12).

(9) Step nine, repeating the operation until the transfer is completed: and repeating the first step to the eighth step until all cathode copper plate stacks (12) are transferred.