CN116582087A - Photovoltaic system reliability performance detection method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic system reliability performance detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116582087A CN116582087A CN202310423920.3A CN202310423920A CN116582087A CN 116582087 A CN116582087 A CN 116582087A CN 202310423920 A CN202310423920 A CN 202310423920A CN 116582087 A CN116582087 A CN 116582087A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/003—Environmental or reliability tests
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
- H02S50/15—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system, which comprises the following steps: preparing a frame, wherein an illumination system, a test piece frame and a pressure box are arranged on the frame, and the test piece frame and the pressure box can be turned over relative to the frame; starting an illumination system and measuring state parameters of the photovoltaic module in an initial state; turning over the test piece frame to mount the photovoltaic module on the test piece frame, turning over the pressure box, buckling the pressure box on the surface of the test piece frame facing one side of the photovoltaic module, and connecting the pressure box and the test piece frame; the pressure box is provided with a temperature and humidity regulating system and a positive and negative pressure regulating system, and the temperature and humidity regulating system and the positive and negative pressure regulating system are independently or sequentially started and state parameters of the photovoltaic module are measured. The application can simulate the installation angles of different photovoltaic modules in actual use, can realize the temperature and humidity and positive and negative voltage analog detection of the photovoltaic modules on the same equipment, and can improve the accuracy of detection results.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of photovoltaic system detection equipment, in particular to a method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system.
Background
In the present day, energy supply is one of the difficulties that must be overcome in order to perform activities in extreme, complex climatic environments. With the increasing exhaustion of traditional energy, new energy has become a new development trend, wherein photovoltaic power generation is also the first choice.
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology for directly converting light energy into electric energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor interface, and a photovoltaic system mainly comprises a solar panel (or photovoltaic module), a controller and an inverter. The photovoltaic module needs to be placed outdoors to receive enough illumination, but the outdoor environment is complex and changeable, and extreme weather such as extremely high temperature, extremely low temperature, extremely humid, extremely dry or strong wind weather is often caused. Humiture is one of the important factors that influence photovoltaic module life-span and generating efficiency, and strong wind weather then probably makes photovoltaic module damage even destroy.
The existing photovoltaic module detection method needs to place the photovoltaic module in a test box of different detection equipment (such as temperature and humidity detection equipment and positive and negative voltage detection equipment) to detect various simulation environments, detection of the temperature and the humidity on the same detection equipment and detection of the positive and negative voltages on the same detection equipment cannot be achieved, detection efficiency is low, and the accuracy of detection results is easily affected in the process of transferring the photovoltaic module among the equipment.
In addition, the test box in the existing detection method can only fix the photovoltaic module at a single angle, and further cannot simulate the placement angle of the photovoltaic module in actual use, and the placement angles of the photovoltaic module are different, so that the photovoltaic module is subjected to different illumination angles and stress directions, and the measurement result of the existing detection equipment has errors with the actual measurement result.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides the reliability performance detection method of the photovoltaic system, which can simulate different installation angles of the photovoltaic module in actual use, can realize temperature and humidity simulation detection and positive and negative voltage simulation detection of the photovoltaic module on the same equipment, and can improve the accuracy of detection results and the detection efficiency.
The method for detecting the reliability of the photovoltaic system comprises the following steps: step S1, preparing a rack, and arranging an illumination system, a test piece frame and a pressure box on the rack, wherein the test piece frame and the pressure box can be overturned relative to the rack; s2, installing a photovoltaic module on the rack according to a preset angle, enabling the photovoltaic module to be positioned below the illumination system, starting the illumination system and measuring state parameters of the photovoltaic module in an initial state; s3, overturning the test piece frame to enable the test piece frame and the photovoltaic module to be at the same angle and to be mutually attached, installing the photovoltaic module on the test piece frame, overturning the pressure box, buckling the pressure box on the surface of the test piece frame, facing to one side of the photovoltaic module, connecting the pressure box with the test piece frame, and enabling a sealed test cavity to be formed between the pressure box and the test piece frame; and S4, the pressure box is provided with a temperature and humidity regulating system and a positive and negative pressure regulating system, the temperature and humidity regulating system and the positive and negative pressure regulating system are independently or sequentially started, state parameters of the photovoltaic module are measured, the temperature and humidity in the testing cavity can be regulated by the temperature and humidity regulating system, and the pressure value in the testing cavity can be regulated by the positive and negative pressure regulating system.
Has at least the following beneficial effects: the pressure box can be buckled with the test piece frame to form a closed test chamber, and the temperature and humidity adjusting system and the positive and negative pressure adjusting system are arranged on the pressure box, so that the reliability performance detection method of the photovoltaic system can realize the multi-field coupling effect of temperature and humidity change and positive and negative pressure change on the same equipment. In addition, the pressure box and the test piece frame can be turned over relative to the frame, the test piece frame can support photovoltaic modules with different installation angles, and the pressure box can be matched with the test piece frame to form test chambers with different angles. Therefore, the application can simulate the installation angles of different photovoltaic modules in actual use, can realize the temperature and humidity and positive and negative voltage analog detection of the photovoltaic modules on the same equipment, and can improve the accuracy of detection results.
According to some embodiments of the application, a hinge shaft is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the test piece frame, the hinge shaft is hinged with the frame, a translation mechanism and a turnover mechanism are arranged on the frame, the translation mechanism is detachably connected with the pressure box, the translation mechanism can drive the pressure box to reciprocate between an initial position and a turnover position relative to the frame, the turnover mechanism is positioned at the turnover position and comprises a driving component and a rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the hinge shaft, the driving component can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, a butt joint part is arranged at the bottom of the pressure box, when the pressure box moves to the turnover position, the butt joint part is connected with the rotating shaft, and the translation mechanism is configured to be disconnected with the pressure box, and the driving component can drive the butt joint part to rotate through the rotating shaft so as to drive the pressure box to turn over.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the abutting portion has a semicircular groove with an opening facing the direction of the rotating shaft, the inner diameter of the semicircular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the rotating shaft, when the pressure tank moves to the turning position, the semicircular groove is attached to and coaxial with the rotating shaft, an insert block is arranged on the rotating shaft, the extending direction of the insert block is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, the abutting portion is provided with an insertion hole along the horizontal direction, and when the pressure tank moves to the turning position, the insertion hole is sleeved outside the insert block.
According to some embodiments of the application, the pressure box is provided with a driving cylinder and a positioning piece capable of sliding along a vertical direction, the abutting part is provided with a chute for the positioning piece to slide, the driving cylinder can drive the positioning piece to slide along the vertical direction so as to prop against or loosen the rotating shaft, and when the positioning piece props against the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft drives the pressure box to turn over through the positioning piece.
According to some embodiments of the application, the rotating shaft is provided with a slot, and the positioning piece can be inserted into the slot.
According to some embodiments of the application, the step S1 further includes the steps of: a rain device is arranged on the rack and is configured to spray rainwater downwards; the following steps are also included between the step S1 and the step S2: and starting the rain spraying device to spray rainwater on the photovoltaic module according to the preset flow and duration.
According to some embodiments of the application, the status parameter comprises a photoelectric conversion rate, the photovoltaic module is electrically connected with a control acquisition platform, and the control acquisition platform can acquire and record the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module under different time periods.
According to some embodiments of the application, the state parameter further includes a defect state image, an EL camera and an infrared thermal imaging camera are disposed on the pressure box, the EL camera and the infrared thermal imaging camera are electrically connected with the control acquisition platform, and the defect state image is acquired by the EL camera and the infrared thermal imaging camera and then transmitted to the control acquisition platform.
According to some embodiments of the application, the pressure box is provided with a first pair of interfaces, the temperature and humidity adjusting system comprises a vertical temperature and humidity machine, a first pipeline and an electric switch door, the electric switch door is arranged at the first pair of interfaces of the pressure box, the first pipeline is communicated with the electric switch door and the vertical temperature and humidity machine, and the electric switch door can open or close the first pair of interfaces of the pressure box.
According to some embodiments of the application, the pressure tank has a second pair of interfaces, the positive and negative pressure regulating system includes an electric butterfly valve, a second pipe and a variable frequency fan, the electric butterfly valve is disposed at the second pair of interfaces of the pressure tank, the second pipe communicates the electric butterfly valve and the variable frequency fan, and the electric butterfly valve can open or close the second pair of interfaces of the pressure tank.
According to some embodiments of the application, after the specimen frame is turned over, a support rod is vertically arranged on the specimen frame, the bottom end of the support rod is connected with the rack, and the upper end of the support rod is connected with the upper end of the specimen frame.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in a 45 ° state and the pressure tank is located at an initial position;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at A in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in a 45 ° state and the pressure tank is in a turned position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at B in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in a 0 ° state and the pressure tank is located at an initial position;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in the 0 ° state and the pressure tank is in the flipped position;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in a 90 ° state and the pressure tank is located at the initial position;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic module in the embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is in a 90 ° state and the pressure tank is in the flipped position;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present application at the mating position of the butt joint part and the rotating shaft;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present application at the mating position of the butt joint part and the rotating shaft;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating steps of operation of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a testing method according to an embodiment of the application.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a rack 100, an illumination system 110, a rain device 120, a translation mechanism 130, a turnover mechanism 140, a driving assembly 141, a rotating shaft 142, an inserting block 143, a guide rail 150 and a T-shaped groove mounting platform 160;
test piece frame 200, hinge shaft 210, support bar 220;
pressure box 300, EL camera 310, infrared thermal imaging camera 320, docking portion 330, jack 331, drive cylinder 340, positioning member 350, and viewing window 360;
photovoltaic module 400, cradle 410;
a temperature and humidity regulating system 500, a vertical temperature and humidity machine 510 and an electric switch door 520;
positive and negative pressure regulating system 600, electric butterfly valve 610, variable frequency fan 620;
control acquisition platform 700.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, the description of the first and second is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated or the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the application discloses a method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a rack 100, wherein an illumination system 110, a test piece frame 200 and a pressure box 300 are arranged on the rack 100, and the test piece frame 200 and the pressure box 300 can be turned over relative to the rack 100;
step S2, installing the photovoltaic module 400 on the rack 100 according to a preset angle, positioning the photovoltaic module 400 below the illumination system 110, starting the illumination system 110 and measuring state parameters of the photovoltaic module 400 in an initial state;
step S3, turning over the test piece frame 200, enabling the test piece frame 200 and the photovoltaic module 400 to be at the same angle and mutually attached, installing the photovoltaic module 400 on the test piece frame 200, then turning over the pressure box 300, buckling the pressure box 300 on the surface of the test piece frame 200 facing one side of the photovoltaic module 400, and connecting the pressure box 300 and the test piece frame 200, so that a closed test chamber is formed between the pressure box 300 and the test piece frame 200;
in step S4, the pressure box 300 is provided with a temperature and humidity adjustment system 500 and a positive and negative pressure adjustment system 600, the temperature and humidity adjustment system 500 and the positive and negative pressure adjustment system 600 are started separately or sequentially, and state parameters of the photovoltaic module 400 are measured, the temperature and humidity in the test chamber can be adjusted by the temperature and humidity adjustment system 500, and the pressure value in the test chamber can be adjusted by the positive and negative pressure adjustment system 600.
It can be understood that the pressure box 300 in the application can be buckled with the test piece frame 200 to form a closed test chamber, and meanwhile, the temperature and humidity adjusting system 500 and the positive and negative pressure adjusting system 600 are arranged on the pressure box 300, so that the reliability performance detection method of the photovoltaic system in the application can realize the multi-field coupling effect of temperature and humidity change and positive and negative pressure change on the same equipment. In addition, the pressure box 300 and the test piece frame 200 in the application can both be turned over relative to the frame 100, the test piece frame 200 can support the photovoltaic modules 400 with different installation angles, and the pressure box 300 can be matched with the test piece frame 200 to form test chambers with different angles. Therefore, the application can simulate the installation angles of different photovoltaic modules in actual use, can realize the temperature and humidity and positive and negative voltage analog detection of the photovoltaic modules on the same equipment, and can improve the accuracy of detection results.
It should be noted that, the above state parameters include a photoelectric conversion rate, that is, a ratio of the number of electrons generated in the circuit in a unit time to the number of incident monochromatic photons in a unit time, the photovoltaic module 400 is electrically connected to the control and collection platform 700, the control and collection platform 700 may acquire and record the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module 400 in different time periods, for example, in step S1, the control and collection platform 700 may acquire and record the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module 400 in an initial state, and after step S4, the control and collection platform 700 may acquire the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module 400 in different temperature, humidity and positive and negative pressure environments. The control acquisition platform 700 may also compare the data before and after testing and produce a test report.
In addition, it should be noted that the state parameters further include a defect state image, and the pressure box 300 is provided with an EL camera 310 and an infrared thermal imaging camera 320, where the EL camera 310 is also referred to as an infrared defect monitor, and is a detection device for a solar cell or a cell assembly, and the EL camera 310 is used for detecting internal defects, hidden cracks, fragments, cold solder joints, broken grids and abnormal single-cell phenomena of different conversion efficiencies of the solar cell assembly by using a crystalline silicon electroluminescence principle. The infrared thermal imaging camera 320 is a device that converts an image of the temperature distribution of a target object into a visible image by detecting infrared radiation of the target object and applying means such as signal processing and photoelectric conversion. In the embodiment of the present application, the EL camera 310 and the infrared thermal imaging camera 320 are electrically connected to the control acquisition platform 700, and the defect state image is acquired by the EL camera 310 and the infrared thermal imaging camera 320 and then transmitted to the control acquisition platform 700.
It should be noted that, the above state parameters include, but are not limited to, photoelectric conversion rate and defect state image, and other parameter indexes that can represent the performance of the photovoltaic module 400 are also included.
In step S1 of the embodiment of the present application, the following steps are further included: a rain device 120 is arranged on the frame 100, and the rain device 120 is configured to spray rain water downwards; the following steps are also included between step S1 and step S2: the rain device 120 is turned on so that the rain device 120 sprays rainwater onto the photovoltaic module 400 according to a preset flow rate and duration. It should be noted that the rain device 120 may simulate the influence of the rain environment on the performance parameters of the photovoltaic module 400. The flow meter time period of the rain device 120 may be controlled by controlling the collection platform 700.
The application is provided with a positive and negative pressure regulating system 600, a rain device 120 and a temperature and humidity regulating system 500. The embodiment of the application can realize one or more of wind load action test, rain resistance test, high temperature resistance simulation test, low temperature resistance simulation test and wet freezing test as shown in figure 12, and the sequence of each test can be automatically adjusted according to the requirements of users. It should be noted that, at the beginning, the original performance parameters of the photovoltaic module 400, including the generated power, the appearance, the electroluminescent performance, etc. need to be tested, and after each test thereafter, appearance detection and maximum power measurement need to be performed. After all the test projects are completed, a final electroluminescence test can be performed, and then the test results of each stage are collected and summarized to perform comprehensive performance evaluation.
Example 1
When the actual use scene of the photovoltaic module 400 is an environment similar to coastal areas with high temperature and high humidity and typhoons, the wind load effect test, the rain resistance test and the high temperature simulation test can be performed by adopting the test method. It will be appreciated that the order of the test items described above may be adjusted according to actual requirements and that the tests are not necessarily performed in the order described above. In addition, each time a test is performed, the photovoltaic module 400 needs to be subjected to visual inspection and maximum power measurement, and the experimental result after each test is recorded, so that final comprehensive performance evaluation can be performed.
Example two
When the actual use scene of the photovoltaic module 400 is similar to the environment with larger day-night temperature difference in northwest of China, the test method can be adopted to perform high-temperature simulation test and wet freezing test. It will be appreciated that the order of the test items described above may be adjusted according to actual requirements and that the tests are not necessarily performed in the order described above. In addition, each time a test is performed, the photovoltaic module 400 needs to be subjected to visual inspection and maximum power measurement, and the experimental result after each test is recorded, so that final comprehensive performance evaluation can be performed.
Example III
When the actual use scene of the photovoltaic module 400 is a low-temperature environment similar to the inland severe cold region, the test method can be adopted to perform the low-temperature resistance simulation test and the wet freezing test. It will be appreciated that the order of the test items described above may be adjusted according to actual requirements and that the tests are not necessarily performed in the order described above. In addition, each time a test is performed, the photovoltaic module 400 needs to be subjected to visual inspection and maximum power measurement, and the experimental result after each test is recorded, so that final comprehensive performance evaluation can be performed.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5 to 8, the pressure box 300 has a first pair of interfaces, the temperature and humidity adjustment system 500 includes a vertical temperature and humidity machine 510, a first pipe (not shown in the drawings) and an electric switch door 520, the electric switch door 520 is disposed at a first pair of interfaces of the pressure box 300, the first pipe communicates the electric switch door 520 with the vertical temperature and humidity machine 510, and the electric switch door 520 can open or close the first pair of interfaces of the pressure box 300. When the temperature and humidity adjustment system 500 is started, the electric switch door 520 opens the first pair of interfaces, and the vertical temperature and humidity machine 510 can transmit different temperatures and humidity into the pressure box 300.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5 to 8, the pressure tank 300 has a second pair of interfaces, and the positive and negative pressure regulating system 600 includes an electric butterfly valve 610, a second pipe (not shown in the drawings) and a variable frequency fan 620, the electric butterfly valve 610 being disposed at a second pair of interface positions of the pressure tank 300, the second pipe communicating the electric butterfly valve 610 and the variable frequency fan 620, the electric butterfly valve 610 being capable of opening or closing the second pair of interfaces of the pressure tank 300. When the positive and negative pressure regulating system 600 is started, the electric butterfly valve 610 opens the second pair of interfaces, and the variable frequency fan 620 can transmit different pressure values into the pressure tank 300.
It can be understood that the start and stop of the vertical temperature and humidity machine 510 and the variable frequency fan 620, and the opening and closing of the electric opening and closing door 520 and the electric butterfly valve 610 can be controlled by the controllable collection platform 700, and of course, manual control can also be performed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a hinge shaft 210 is horizontally provided at a lower end of a test piece frame 200, the hinge shaft 210 is hinged with a frame 100, a support bar 220 is vertically provided on the test piece frame 200 after the test piece frame 200 is turned over, and a bottom end of the support bar is connected with the frame 100, and an upper end of the support bar 220 is connected with an upper end of the test piece frame 200. The overturning of the test piece frame 200 can be completed manually, or a driving motor can be arranged at the position of the hinge shaft 210 of the test piece frame 200, and the driving motor drives the hinge shaft 210 to rotate so as to drive the test piece frame 200 to overturn, and the overturning angle range of the test piece frame 200 is 0-90 degrees. When the test piece frame 200 is turned over in place and overlapped with the photovoltaic module 400, the upper end of the test piece frame 200 is supported by the support bar 220.
It should be noted that, the middle part of the test piece frame 200 is provided with an opening penetrating through the test piece frame 200, the outline size of the photovoltaic module 400 is larger than that of the opening, when the photovoltaic module 400 is installed on the test piece frame 200, the center of the photovoltaic module 400 corresponds to the center of the opening, the photovoltaic module 400 is in sealing connection with the test piece frame 200 and seals the opening, so that a sealed test chamber can be formed after the pressure box 300 is in sealing connection with the test piece frame 200, the back surface of the photovoltaic module 400 is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the opening, when the pressure value in the test chamber changes, the pressure values on the two sides of the photovoltaic module 400 are different, and the photovoltaic module 400 can generate corresponding deformation; if no opening is arranged on the test piece frame 200, two sides of the photovoltaic module 400 are located in the test cavity, and at the moment, even if the pressure in the test cavity changes, the pressure value can act on two sides of the photovoltaic module 400 at the same time, so that the photovoltaic module 400 cannot deform, and the test significance is lost. Specifically, the sealing connection between the pressure box 300 and the test piece frame 200 may be achieved by matching the sealing ring with a fastener, for example, the sealing ring may be attached to the periphery of the pressure box 300, and when the pressure box 300 is connected to the test piece frame 200, the sealing ring is pressed between the pressure box 300 and the test piece frame 200 and plays a sealing role. In addition, a steel plate may be laid on the edge of the photovoltaic module 400 and connected with the test piece frame 200 to seal the junction of the photovoltaic module 400 and the test piece frame 200.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a translation mechanism 130 and a turnover mechanism 140 are disposed on a frame 100, the translation mechanism 130 is detachably connected with a pressure tank 300, the translation mechanism 130 can drive the pressure tank 300 to reciprocate between an initial position and a turnover position relative to the frame 100, the turnover mechanism 140 is located at the turnover position and comprises a driving component 141 and a horizontally disposed rotating shaft 142, the rotating shaft 142 is coaxially disposed with a hinge shaft 210, the driving component 141 can drive the rotating shaft 142 to rotate, a butt joint portion 330 is disposed at the bottom of the pressure tank 300, when the pressure tank 300 moves to the turnover position, the butt joint portion 330 is connected with the rotating shaft 142, the translation mechanism 130 is configured to disconnect the pressure tank 300, the pressure tank 300 at this time can be supported by the translation mechanism 130 or the frame 100, and the driving component 141 can drive the butt joint portion 330 to rotate through the rotating shaft 142 so as to drive the pressure tank 300 to turn. It should be noted that, the translation mechanism 130 may be composed of a slider, a transmission gear set and two gear motors, two guide rails 150 are disposed on the frame 100, the slider is slidably disposed on the guide rails 150, the two gear motors are disposed on the outer sides of the two guide rails 150, and the two gear motors may drive the slider to slide along the front-rear direction in fig. 1 through the transmission gear set and the belt or the chain. The slide block may be detachably connected to the bottom of the pressure tank 300, specifically, the slide block may be connected to the pressure tank 300 through a fastener, and when the pressure tank 300 moves to the turning position, the fastener is manually loosened, so that the pressure tank 300 and the slide block are separated from each other; alternatively, the slider is made of an electromagnet, and the pressure tank 300 is made of a metal material that can be attracted by the electromagnet, and when the pressure tank moves to the turning position, the electromagnet is automatically powered off, so that the pressure tank 300 and the slider are separated from each other.
It should be noted that, the driving assembly 141 includes a turnover motor and a gear chain assembly, the turnover motor can drive the gear chain assembly to rotate, and the gear chain assembly is connected with the rotating shaft 142 and can drive the rotating shaft 142 to rotate. It will be appreciated that the flip angle of the pressure tank 300 may be controlled by controlling the acquisition platform 700.
Referring to fig. 9, in one embodiment of the present application, the docking portion 330 has a semicircular groove with an opening facing the direction of the rotating shaft 142, the inner diameter of the semicircular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 142, when the pressure box 300 moves to the turning position, the semicircular groove is attached to and coaxial with the rotating shaft 142, the rotating shaft 142 is provided with an insert 143, the extending direction of the insert 143 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 142, the docking portion 330 is provided with an insert 331 along the horizontal direction, and when the pressure box 300 moves to the turning position, the insert 331 is sleeved outside the insert 143. In the initial state, the insertion hole 331 on the pressure tank 300 is in a state of extending along the front-back direction, and the insertion block 143 is also in a state of extending along the front-back direction, and in the process that the pressure tank 300 gradually approaches the turning mechanism 140, the insertion hole 331 is gradually sleeved on the insertion block 143 until the semicircular groove is coaxial with the rotating shaft 142, and the insertion block 143 can transmit torque to the pressure tank 300 and drive the pressure tank 300 to synchronously rotate through the insertion block 143 when the rotating shaft 142 rotates. When the pressure box 300 needs to be separated from the test piece frame 200 to open the test chamber, the rotating shaft 142 is reversed, and the insert 143 can support the pressure box 300 and enable the pressure box 300 to reversely turn to an original angle (i.e., a vertical state) under the action of self gravity.
Referring to fig. 10, in another embodiment of the present application, a driving cylinder 340 and a positioning member 350 capable of sliding along a vertical direction may be disposed on the pressure tank 300, the docking portion 330 is provided with a chute for sliding the positioning member 350, the driving cylinder 340 may drive the positioning member 350 to slide along the vertical direction to abut against or release the rotating shaft 142, and when the positioning member 350 abuts against the rotating shaft 142, the rotating shaft 142 drives the pressure tank 300 to turn over through the positioning member 350. The above structure can realize the automatic butt joint and separation of the pressure box 300 and the rotating shaft 142, and can realize the automatic overturning of the pressure box 300. Of course, the pressure tank 300 may be turned over by connecting the pressure tank 300 and the rotary shaft 142 with each other by a fastening member such as a bolt, but the efficiency is low.
It should be noted that, in step S1 in the embodiment of the present application, the method may further include the following steps: the graphic information of the photovoltaic module 400 in the initial state is collected by using the EL camera 310 and the infrared thermal imaging camera 320 to obtain a defect state of the photovoltaic module 400 in the initial state.
The bottom of the frame 100 in the application is provided with a T-shaped groove mounting platform 160, and the bottom of the supporting rod 220 of the test piece frame 200 and the bottom of the bracket 410 above the photovoltaic module 400 can be mounted on the T-shaped groove mounting platform 160.
The pressure box 300 in the embodiment of the application is also provided with an observation window 360, transparent organic glass is arranged at the observation window 360 for observing the internal condition of the pressure box 300, and the observation window 360 is arranged at the rear end surface of the pressure box 300 and is positioned between the EL camera 310 and the infrared thermal imaging camera 320. In addition, rock wool can be filled in the pressure box 300 to ensure the heat preservation performance in the pressure box 300.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. The method for detecting the reliability of the photovoltaic system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, preparing a rack, and arranging an illumination system, a test piece frame and a pressure box on the rack, wherein the test piece frame and the pressure box can be overturned relative to the rack;
s2, installing a photovoltaic module on the rack according to a preset angle, enabling the photovoltaic module to be positioned below the illumination system, starting the illumination system and measuring state parameters of the photovoltaic module in an initial state;
s3, overturning the test piece frame to enable the test piece frame and the photovoltaic module to be at the same angle and to be mutually attached, installing the photovoltaic module on the test piece frame, overturning the pressure box, buckling the pressure box on the surface of the test piece frame, facing to one side of the photovoltaic module, connecting the pressure box with the test piece frame, and enabling a sealed test cavity to be formed between the pressure box and the test piece frame;
and S4, the pressure box is provided with a temperature and humidity regulating system and a positive and negative pressure regulating system, the temperature and humidity regulating system and the positive and negative pressure regulating system are independently or sequentially started, state parameters of the photovoltaic module are measured, the temperature and humidity in the testing cavity can be regulated by the temperature and humidity regulating system, and the pressure value in the testing cavity can be regulated by the positive and negative pressure regulating system.
2. The method for detecting the reliability of the photovoltaic system according to claim 1, wherein a hinge shaft is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the test piece frame, the hinge shaft is hinged to the frame, a translation mechanism and a turnover mechanism are arranged on the frame, the translation mechanism is detachably connected with the pressure box, the translation mechanism can drive the pressure box to reciprocate between an initial position and a turnover position relative to the frame, the turnover mechanism is located at the turnover position and comprises a driving component and a rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged, the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the hinge shaft, the driving component can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, a butt joint part is arranged at the bottom of the pressure box, and when the pressure box moves to the turnover position, the butt joint part is connected with the rotating shaft and the translation mechanism is configured to be disconnected with the pressure box, and the driving component can drive the butt joint part to rotate through the rotating shaft so as to drive the pressure box to turn over.
3. The method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system according to claim 2, wherein the butt joint part is provided with a semicircular groove with an opening facing the direction of the rotating shaft, the inner diameter of the semicircular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the rotating shaft, when the pressure box moves to the overturning position, the semicircular groove is attached to and coaxial with the rotating shaft, an inserting block is arranged on the rotating shaft, the extending direction of the inserting block is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, the butt joint part is provided with an inserting hole along the horizontal direction, and when the pressure box moves to the overturning position, the inserting hole is sleeved outside the inserting block.
4. The method for detecting the reliability of the photovoltaic system according to claim 2, wherein a driving cylinder and a positioning piece capable of sliding along a vertical direction are arranged on the pressure box, a chute for the positioning piece to slide is arranged on the abutting portion, the driving cylinder can drive the positioning piece to slide along the vertical direction so as to abut against or loosen the rotating shaft, and when the positioning piece abuts against the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft drives the pressure box to turn over through the positioning piece.
5. The method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system according to claim 4, wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a slot, and the positioning piece can be inserted into the slot.
6. The method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 further comprises the steps of: a rain device is arranged on the rack and is configured to spray rainwater downwards;
the following steps are also included between the step S1 and the step S2: and starting the rain spraying device to spray rainwater on the photovoltaic module according to the preset flow and duration.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the status parameter comprises a photoelectric conversion rate, and the photovoltaic module is electrically connected to a control acquisition platform, and the control acquisition platform can acquire and record the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic module at different time periods.
8. The method for detecting the reliability performance of the photovoltaic system according to claim 7, wherein the state parameter further comprises a defect state image, an EL camera and an infrared thermal imaging camera are arranged on the pressure box, the EL camera and the infrared thermal imaging camera are electrically connected with the control acquisition platform, and the defect state image is acquired by the EL camera and the infrared thermal imaging camera and then transmitted to the control acquisition platform.
9. The method for detecting the reliability of a photovoltaic system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure box is provided with a first pair of interfaces, the temperature and humidity regulating system comprises a vertical temperature and humidity machine, a first pipeline and an electric switch door, the electric switch door is arranged at the first pair of interfaces of the pressure box, the first pipeline is communicated with the electric switch door and the vertical temperature and humidity machine, and the electric switch door can open or close the first pair of interfaces of the pressure box.
10. The method for detecting the reliability performance of the photovoltaic system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure tank is provided with a second pair of interfaces, the positive-negative pressure regulating system comprises an electric butterfly valve, a second pipeline and a variable frequency fan, the electric butterfly valve is arranged at the position of the second pair of interfaces of the pressure tank, the second pipeline is communicated with the electric butterfly valve and the variable frequency fan, and the electric butterfly valve can open or close the second pair of interfaces of the pressure tank.
11. The method for detecting the reliability of the photovoltaic system according to claim 1, wherein after the specimen frame is turned over, a supporting rod is vertically arranged on the specimen frame, the bottom end of the supporting rod is connected with the frame, and the upper end of the supporting rod is connected with the upper end of the specimen frame.
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