CN116576185A - Nut anti-loosening structure and thread pair - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nut anti-loosening structure and a thread pair. The nut anti-loosening structure (11) comprises a nut (1) and a bolt (4), wherein the end surface of the nut (1) is a convex point or convex surface (8) smaller than a semicircular plane (12), the height of the nut is at least 1/10-1 times of the tooth distance of the internal thread (6), and the cross section of the nut is of any shape; the nut (1) with more than half end faces cut off is also included; nut locking structure (11), nut (1) are twisted on bolt (4) screw rod, its characterized in that: the convex point or convex surface (8) of the nut (1) is positioned between the fastened member A (22) and the nut body (16). Screw pair (13), its characterized in that: the fixed end (10) of the bolt (4) is a nut anti-loosening structure (11), and the convex point or convex surface (8) enables the internal thread (6) of the nut (1) and the external thread (7) of the bolt (4) to be inclined and locked. The anti-loosening structure overcomes the defects of high cost, easy bending and damage, unrepeatable use and the like of the prior screw (5) and is used for anti-loosening fastening of vibration mechanical equipment and facilities.

Description

Nut anti-loosening structure and thread pair

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of anti-loosening fasteners, in particular to a nut anti-loosening structure and a thread pair.

Background

The existing double-nut friction is loose-proof, two nuts with the same rotation direction are oppositely propped against the outer wire of the same bolt, and are oppositely screwed down, so that a propping force is generated between the two nuts, friction is generated between the lower main nut and the spring pad, friction is generated between the lower main nut and the upper auxiliary nut, the double friction achieves the effect of pre-tightening, and after severe vibration, the parallel thread double-nut loose-proof structure still can quickly loose.

To this end, prior art CN204493402U provides a locknut structure comprising a flat nut and a beveled nut. One end face of the inclined nut is an entire inclined face, an included angle is formed between the inclined face and a vertical line of a screw hole axis of the inclined nut, the flat nut and the inclined nut are sequentially arranged on the bolt, and the matched contact faces of the two nuts comprise the inclined face and are sequentially screwed. The inclined plane is not perpendicular to the axis of the bolt, and the upper part generates a certain bending moment on the bolt, and the bending moment enhances the anti-loosening effect. This solution has the following drawbacks: 1. because the main nut and the auxiliary nut are flat nuts and the other is a whole inclined plane nut, after the main nut and the auxiliary nut are pre-tightened on the same bolt, the contacted plane is in full contact with the whole inclined plane, and the phenomenon that the screw rod of the bolt bends to one side at the full contact surface is avoided; 2. because the bolt is bent, the bolt can only be used once and can not be reused; 3. because the bolt is deformed and bent by tightening the screw threads between the two nuts, the nut with the downward bending position cannot be disassembled, and the nut can be used once; 4. the inclined surface of the inclined surface nut is processed by a die or a cutting means, so that the inclined surface nut is complex in processing and wastes materials, and the cost is high; 5. the yield strength and the tensile strength of the bolt are greatly reduced due to the bending of the screw rod of the bolt, and the bolt can be subjected to yield fracture from the bending part of the screw rod when in severe vibration; 6. because the respective shafts of the flat nut and the inclined nut are coaxial with the bolt shaft of the section pre-tightened by the flat nut and the inclined nut respectively, namely, each thread tooth of the flat nut and each thread tooth of the inclined nut are parallel to the thread tooth surface of the screwed bolt of the section respectively, one surface of each thread tooth is contacted and stretched, the axis of the nut and the axis of the bolt are coaxial, and when the nut vibrates and is free to move, the nut easily vibrates, moves back and loosens on the outer wire of the screw without friction force.

The present patent application number of this person is 202310349573.4, discloses a nut, its locknut structure, lockscrew pair and processing method, a nut lockstructure, its characterized in that: the end face of the nut is a circular ring plane convex point or convex surface which is smaller than 1/2, the height of the nut is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of internal threads of the nut, the cross section of the nut is of any shape, and the cross section of the nut is a part which is larger than 1/2 and is left after the bevel angle is cut. The main nut and the auxiliary nut are oppositely screwed on the screw rod, and the convex point or convex surface is positioned between the main nut and the auxiliary nut, and the thread pair is characterized in that: the fixed end of the bolt is of a nut locking structure, and the salient points or the convex surfaces enable the internal threads of the auxiliary nut and the external threads of the bolt to fall obliquely and lock. The nut anti-loosening structure and the thread pair have the advantages that the two nuts are adopted for oppositely tightening, so that the processing cost is high, and the longer bolt is required to be replaced when in use, so that the use cost is high, the popularization is difficult, and the universality is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the scheme aims to provide the nut anti-loosening structure and the thread pair which are low in cost, good in universality and replaceability and convenient to use.

The nut locking structure comprises an asymmetric contact surface nut and a bolt, wherein the nut comprises a common nut or a locking nut which is improved, the periphery of the nut is hexagonal or square, the center of the nut is provided with a round hole, the inner side of the round hole is provided with threads, the screw hole shaft is coaxial with the bolt shaft, the circular ring planes at the two ends of the nut are perpendicular to the screw hole shaft,

the hexagonal side of the nut body of the common nut or the locknut rotates to any angle around the symmetry axis of the common nut or the locknut, then an inclined plane forming an angle of 90 degrees plus alpha relative to the symmetry axis is used for cutting off the inclined end angle of one end of the nut body, the nut with the end angle missing is obtained, and the left end face is less than half of the end face, including the convex face of the full inclined end face with the left area being zero;

alpha is an angle of chamfering one end of the nut body, and satisfies 0 degree more than or equal to 30 degrees;

one end of the common nut or the locknut is left with less than 1/2 part, and the plane of the circular ring is provided with a convex point or a convex surface;

the convex points or the convex surfaces are integrated with the common nut or the locknut in a homogeneous way;

the height of the convex points or the convex surfaces is at least 1/10-1 times of the thread pitch in the common nut or the locknut screw hole;

the cross section of the convex point or convex surface perpendicular to the height of the convex point or convex surface is of any shape;

the convex points or the convex surfaces are fixedly integrated with the plane of the circular ring, or are formed by cold heading of a die integrated with a common nut or a locknut; or cutting with integral hexagonal rod; or the nut is formed by cutting the nut after cold heading or red beating;

the common nut is a fixing tool, a hole is formed in the center of the common nut, threads are formed in the inner side of the hole, regular hexagonal sides or square corners which are symmetrical with each other are formed around the hole, the common nut is connected with external threads of bolts with the same specification in a threaded manner through internal threads of the round holes, a fastened piece A and a fastened piece B are fastened between the bolt head and the common nut in a threaded manner, and circular ring planes which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to a screw hole shaft are arranged at two ends of the common nut;

the locknut comprises a nut body and an annular elastic locking piece, wherein the annular elastic locking piece is arranged at the other end of the nut body, is of an integrated structure with the nut body, bends towards the inner side of the nut body with threads, and forms an annular channel with the nut body; the inner diameter of the annular elastic locking piece is smaller than that of the inner threaded part of the nut body, or the annular elastic locking piece and the inner threaded part of the nut body are slightly axially or radially staggered; the annular elastic locking piece is made of metal or nylon;

the internal thread of the nut screw hole is provided with a coating, and the coating is coated with rubber or non-drying gelatinous substances for increasing the friction force between the nut and the bolt;

the nut is used for screwing the fixed end of the bolt and is positioned at the outer side of the fastened member A,

the external thread of the bolt and the screw rod is used for coaxially screwing the internal thread of the nut,

the method is characterized in that:

the convex points or the convex surfaces of the nut are fixed on the circular plane at one end of the nut, and after the top line or the surface spiral of the convex points or the convex surfaces is in line contact with the upper surface of the fastened member A; continuing to screw the nut, and changing the top line of the convex point or convex surface into surface contact with the upper surface of the fastened member A;

when the top line or the surface of the convex top or the convex surface on the nut is contacted with the upper surface of the fastened component A, the gap between the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt is utilized to lead the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt to fall off, the nut is locked by unidirectional rotation in the loosening direction, and the top line or the surface of the convex point or the convex surface can block the fastened component A from being screwed only and not loosening, thereby playing the role of stopping and loosening;

or the nut and the bolt head are screwed down by a certain pretightening force, and the nut anti-loosening structure locks the nut, the fastened member A, the fastened member and the bolt head in a bidirectional screw mode and is fixed on the screw rod of the bolt.

Screw thread pair, its characterized in that:

one end of the bolt is a bolt head, and the other end of the bolt is a fixed end; the nut anti-loosening structure is arranged at the fixed end of the bolt; and the fastened member A and the fastened member B are installed and fastened between the bolt head and the nut anti-loosening structure.

And a flat washer or an elastic washer is arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure and the fastened component A respectively, and the flat washer is positioned between the elastic washer and the fastened component A.

The elastic washer is one of an open spiral spring washer, a conical surface dish-shaped elastic washer, a spherical dish-shaped elastic washer or any elastic washer.

And no gasket is arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure and the fastened member A.

Beta is the included angle between the nut and the upper surface of the fastened part A, and the beta is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 30 degrees.

The value of beta is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 5 degrees; and because a gap is reserved between the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt, beta is smaller than alpha after the nut is fastened on the screw rod and inclined.

The anti-loosening principle of the invention is as follows: the auxiliary nut is a dotted nut, or a chamfer nut, or an inclined plane nut, the main nut is a double nut of a common nut, the common main nut is improved on the basis of being fastened by opposite pressing, the nut is removed, the nut is left, the gap between the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt is utilized, the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt are inclined, the two threads which are originally mutually parallel and spirally meshed are inclined, the functions of mutually inclined intersection, mutually prying and spiral lateral force are realized, the loosening and loosening directions are locked and stretched, the friction force between the internal thread of the nut and the external thread of the bolt is suddenly increased, so that the salient point or the convex surface is fixed relative to the bolt and can not be rotated, when the main nut is in loosening, the lateral force of the nut is further increased, the anti-loosening aim is achieved, and the nut is screwed, and can not be rotated in the loosening direction. If the nut is screwed on the screw rod of the bolt, the nut, the fastened member A, the fastened member B and the bolt are tightly and firmly bound into a whole, and the nut, the fastened member B and the bolt cannot be retreated at all.

The nut can be loosened again only after the nut is loosened by tools such as a spanner and the like, the convex point or the convex surface is far away from the upper surface of the fastened component A, the bolt can be disassembled finally, and the bolt is drawn out from the screw holes of the fastened component B and the fastened component A, so that the nut inner wire and the bolt outer wire are not damaged by overload in use, and the nut can be disassembled and assembled repeatedly for use.

The invention relates to a nut processing method, which comprises the steps of extruding and forming an existing common nut or an existing locknut on a circular ring plane at one end by using a cavity nut mould with an end face bevel angle to be removed by a cold heading process, and pressing a convex point or convex surface on the circular ring plane at one end of the common nut or the existing locknut; or one end of the common nut or the existing locknut is milled by a milling cutter; or cutting with a cutter or turning with a lathe; or printing with a 3D printer; or grinding by using a grinding wheel and a file wheel to remove an oblique angle, wherein the height of the convex point or the convex surface on the annular plane of the end surface is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of the internal thread of the conventional common nut, the end surface of the annular plane is less than half of the annular plane, the annular plane comprises a complete oblique end surface, but the end surface of the annular plane with the convex point or the convex surface being exactly half of the annular plane is not included, and the cross section of the convex point or the convex surface with the vertical height is in any shape; the other half is an end surface which does not comprise the whole hexagonal end surface and is chamfered, the degree of the bevel angle is alpha, the angle alpha is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees, and the thickest thickness of the hexagonal chamfer at one end of the beveled nut body is at least 1/10 to 1 time of the pitch of the internal thread of the nut body; the end face angle of the obliquely cut nut body is larger than more than half of the end face of the nut body, namely, the original end face of the nut body with less than half of the end face is reserved. Or a chamfer of the entire nut body.

To sum up, the nut locking structure screw pair has the following advantages:

1. the invention based on the existing fastener has strong universality;

2. the scheme only uses one nut for fastening, so that a main nut in the opposite-top double nuts is omitted, the use cost is reduced by half, and the actual requirement can be met;

3. the nut is produced by using a cold heading process, so that the processing production process is simpler, the processing speed is faster, and the processing cost is lower;

4. the device is convenient to install and operate, has high speed and does not need special tools; in addition, the original common nut is directly replaced by the nut without replacing or increasing the length of the original bolt, so that the cost of replacing the bolt is saved;

5. the anti-loosening performance is good, when the nut is fastened, the nut can only be tightened and cannot be loosened, and the nut does not loosen at all after vibrating;

6. compared with the closest prior art CN204493402U, the anti-loosening structure and principle are completely different in the anti-loosening structure principle, the use effect and the processing technology, the bolt is not bent after being installed and is still the same axis, and the nut is directly contacted with the top line or the top surface of the asymmetric convex point or the convex surface of the upper surface of the fastened piece, so that the nut is not easy to loosen due to symmetry. The bolt bears the pretension pulling force, bears a small amount of lateral force, just can make nut and bolt fastening an organic whole, and the axle of bolt is not crooked after the use, does not influence yield strength and tensile strength, and after the pretension, nut, by fastener A, by fastener B and bolt fastening as an organic whole relatively, can not become flexible at all, therefore locking reliability is high, and does not damage original all accessories in the use, easy dismounting, repeatedly usable, simple structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is one of the front views of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the construction of the installation of FIG. 1 in a loose-proof screw pair;

FIG. 4 is another mounting block diagram of the anti-loose thread set of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a second upper oblique view of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional A-A configuration of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a mounting block diagram of the anti-lock screw pair of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a third front view of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a fourth front view of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a top view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a fifth front view of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a top view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a sixth perspective view of the nut of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 15;

fig. 17 is a bottom view of fig. 15.

In the figure:

1. a nut; secondly, a dish-shaped elastic washer; thirdly, the whole inclined end face;

4. a bolt; fifthly, a screw rod; sixthly, internal threads;

7. an external thread; eighth, bump or convex surface; sixthly, a bolt head;

10. a fixed end; 11, a nut anti-loosening structure; 12, a circular ring plane;

13. a thread pair; 14, screw holes; 15, one end of the nut;

16. a nut body; 17, an annular channel; 18, annular elastic locking pieces;

19. a strip-shaped incision; 20, concave indentation; 21, locknuts;

22. a fastened member A; 23, fastening the second fastening piece; 24, a top line or surface of the convex surface;

25. a common nut; 26, limiting step combination; 27, a flat gasket;

28. a spring washer; 29, coating; 30, hexagonal side surfaces;

31. the other end of the nut; 32, a gap between the nut and the fastened component A;

33. a gap between the internal thread of the auxiliary nut and the external thread of the screw rod; 34 any elastomeric washers;

35. an inclined plane;

alpha, the angle of the bevel angle at one end of the nut body;

and beta. The included angle between the nut and the fastened member A or the spring washer.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

the nut 1 is an asymmetric end face locknut, namely, a convex point or convex surface 8 is offset to one side of one end face of the nut, and the left end face is less than half of the end face, and comprises a convex point or convex surface 8 with a full-inclined end face circular ring plane 12 with zero area; the cut or milled or upset or red missing end angle of the missing nut is offset to the other side of one end of the nut and is more than half of the end face, including the whole inclined end face, the hexagonal side of the common nut body can rotate to any angle around the symmetrical axis, then the inclined end angle of one end of the nut body is cut off by an inclined plane relative to the symmetrical axis, the inclined end angle of one end of the nut body is alpha, and the obtained hexagonal nut is obtained. Or the highly perpendicular cross section of the bump or convex surface 8 is a nut of an arbitrary shape, such as a sector shape, a rectangular shape, an oval shape, etc., for various nut locking structures 11 and screw pairs 13.

In fig. 1 to 8, the nut 1 comprises a prior ordinary nut 25 or a circular plane 12 at one end of a prior locknut 21, and is formed by extrusion molding with a die cold heading process of a hole nut with an end face bevel angle to be removed, and a convex point or convex surface 8 is pressed on the circular plane 12 at one end of the ordinary nut 25 or the prior locknut 21; or the end of the ordinary nut 25 or the existing locknut 21 is milled away by a milling cutter, or the cutter is cut away, or turned away by a lathe, or printed by a 3D printer, or a bevel angle is removed by grinding, or the whole bevel end 3 is milled away or cut away, or the angle alpha of the bevel angle at one end of the nut body is turned away by a lathe, and the angle alpha is more than 0 DEG and less than or equal to 30 DEG, preferably, the angle alpha is more than 5 DEG and less than 30 DEG, 1 DEG, 2 DEG, 3 DEG, 4 DEG, 5 DEG, 6 DEG or 8 deg. The maximum thickness of the hexagon chamfer at one end of the nut body 16 which is removed by chamfering is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of the internal thread 6 of the nut body 16; the obliquely cut-out nut body 16 should be larger than half of the end face of the nut body 16, i.e. the original end face of the nut body 16 is left with a small portion. Or a chamfer of the entire nut body 16. The height of the convex point or convex surface 8 on the circular plane 12 is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of the internal thread 6 of the screw hole 14 of the existing common nut 25 or the existing locknut 21; the end face of the circular ring plane 12 is less than half of the circular ring plane 12, the circular ring plane 12 comprises a complete inclined end face, the cross section of the convex point or the convex surface 8 perpendicular to the height is of any shape, the other half of the circular ring plane or the convex surface is more than the complete hexagonal end face, the inclined angle of the circular ring plane or the complete inclined end face is alpha, and the maximum thickness of the cut inclined end face is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of the internal thread 6, preferably 1/2, 2/3, 4/5 or 1 times of the pitch of the internal thread 6.

The internal thread 6 of the nut l is or is provided with a coating 29, and the coating 29 is made of rubber or non-setting gelatinous substance and is used for increasing the friction force between the nut and the bolt and preventing the auxiliary nut 3 from being in a free loosening state when vibrating.

The concrete processing method of the nut is characterized in that: comprises any one of the following six processing methods,

a first machining method, horizontally placing one end face of the existing common nut 25 or locknut 21, then inclining the upper end face of the nut horizontally by an angle alpha, fixing the nut by a clamp, milling a corner of the end face of the nut body 16 which is obliquely protruded upwards or the whole inclined end face 3 by a milling cutter vertical to the horizontal plane, wherein the milling depth or thickness is at least 1/10-1 times of the pitch of the internal thread 6 of the nut body 16 downwards from the highest point of the nut body 16, and the area of the upper end of the milled nut body 16 is more than 1/2 to the whole inclined area, including the whole inclined end face; or leave a bump or convex surface 8 on the annular flat surface 12. The cut or cut nut 1 is removed by chamfering because the inner thread opening and the outer hexagonal end edge are provided with burrs or flash, and the chamfer is preferably 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees, so that the nut is smoother and more attractive;

the second processing method comprises the following steps: cutting off the end face bevel angle of the nut body by using a cutting tool, or machining the hexagon bar into a nut by using a cutting and turning lathe or using the whole bevel end face 3; or leave a bump or convex surface 8 on the annular flat surface 12. Other processing technologies are the same as that of processing common nuts, and specific angle areas, sizes, depths or thicknesses are the same as those described above;

the third processing method comprises the following steps: clamping and fixing the axle center and the off-axis alpha angle of the nut body 16 by using a clamp, then rotating the clamp, and turning the end surface bevel angle of the nut body 16 to be removed by using a fixed cutter; or leaving a bump or convex surface 8 on the annular flat surface 12; or the whole inclined end face 3, and the specific angle, area, size, depth or thickness are the same as those described above;

the fourth processing method comprises the following steps: polishing one end of the nut body 16 with a polishing tool such as a grinding wheel, file, rasp, etc., to remove an end face bevel; or leaving a bump or convex surface 8 on the annular flat surface 12; or the whole inclined end face 3, and the specific polishing angle, area, size, depth or thickness are the same as those described above;

the fifth processing method comprises the following steps: directly using the end face bevel angle to be removed, or the cavity common nut 25 of the whole bevel end face 3, or the locknut 21 to be subjected to cold heading, or heating and red forging process, extruding or forging to form, wherein the cavity part of the die is just the shape and the size of the asymmetric end face nut which is required and is left after the end face bevel angle is removed, and the shape and the size are the same as the above; or the convex points or the convex surfaces 8 are left on the circular plane 12, the internal threads 6 of the convex points or the cold-headed blanks are formed by screw taps or turning threads, and the implementation will be carried out by the ordinary skilled in the art, and the details are omitted herein;

the sixth processing method comprises the following steps: the end face bevel angle is removed or the whole nut body 16 diagram of the inclined end face 3 is designed into a 3D graph, and then a 3D printer is used for printing the nut, wherein the shape, the area, the size, the specification, the depth or the thickness of the nut are the same as the end face bevel angle; or leave a bump or convex surface 8 on the annular flat surface 12. Selecting materials;

beta is the included angle between the nut 1 and the fastened part A22, and is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 30 degrees, preferably more than or equal to 1'. Beta.less than or equal to 5 degrees, and beta is less than alpha after the nut 1 is fastened on the screw 5 due to the clearance between the internal thread 6 of the nut 1 and the external thread 7 of the bolt 4.

In fig. 5 to 8, a conventional locknut 21 comprises a nut body 16 and an annular elastic locking piece 18, wherein the annular elastic locking piece 18 is arranged at the upper end of the nut body 16 and is in an integral structure with the nut body 16; the annular elastic locking piece 18 is bent towards the inner side of the nut body 16 with threads and forms an annular channel 17 with the nut body 16; the annular resilient locking tab 18 may have an inner diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the threaded portion of the nut body 16 or the annular resilient locking tab 18 may be slightly axially or radially offset from the threaded portion of the nut body 16. The limit step combination 26 is composed of more than one semicircular steps; the strip-shaped notch 19, the concave indentation 20 or more than 1 or no notch is arranged; the annular resilient locking tab 18 is either metallic or nylon.

In fig. 3, the nut locking structure 11 of the present invention is formed by screwing the nut 1 onto the external thread 7 of the screw 5, and the convex point or convex surface 8 is located between the nut 1 and the fastened member 22. The screw thread pair 13 comprises a bolt 4, a nut anti-loosening structure 11, a flat washer 27 or a spring washer 28, wherein a convex point or convex surface 8 or the whole inclined end surface 3 is arranged on a circular ring plane 12 at the lower end of the nut 1 to form the nut 1, the fixed end 10 of the bolt 4 is penetrated into a fastened piece B23, a fastened piece A22, the flat washer 27, the spring washer 28 and a screw hole 14 of the nut 1, the nut 1 is pre-fastened according to the required preset torque, the nut 1 is the angle nut 1 with the convex point or convex surface 8, and when a top line or surface 24 of the convex point or convex surface 8 pre-fastened on the circular ring plane 12 at one end of the nut 1 is contacted with the upper surface of the fastened piece 22, a certain pre-fastening torque is applied to enable the internal thread 6 of the nut 1 with the convex point or convex surface 8 to be tightly fixed on the external thread 7 of the bolt 4, so that the bolt 4, the nut 1, the flat washer 27, the spring washer 28, the fastened piece A22 and the fastened piece B23 are firmly fastened together. After the nut 1 is pre-tightened, due to the convex point or convex surface 8 or the adding and separating effect of one end of the inclined surface 3 which is higher than the convex point, the internal thread 6 of the nut 1 is obliquely locked on the external thread 7 of the screw 5 by utilizing the gap 33 between the internal thread 6 of the nut 1 and the external thread 7 of the bolt 4, and the nut 1 and the cut end angle surface are not contacted with the fastener A22, but have a beta angle gap, so that the nut 1 can be fully obliquely fallen and locked on the external thread 7 of the screw 5 and cannot be rotated backwards. The angle beta is the included angle between the side of the nut 1 from which the end angle is cut and the upper surface of the fastened part A22, and satisfies the angle beta which is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 30 degrees, preferably more than or equal to 1'. Beta.less than or equal to 5 degrees, and because of the clearance between the internal thread 6 of the nut 1 and the external thread 7 of the bolt 4, the angle beta is less than alpha after the nut 1 is fastened on the screw 5.

In fig. 4, the nut 1 according to the present invention is provided with a bump or convex surface 8 on the common nut body 16, the bump or convex surface 8 is between the nut 1 and the fastened member 22 and is integrated with the nut 1, and the nut 1 or the internal thread 6 is provided with a coating 29 for preventing the nut 1 from loosening freely, and other structures and principles are the same as those described in fig. 3.

In fig. 8, the nut body 16 of the nut 1 is one of the existing locknuts 21, the annular plane 12 at the lower end of the nut 1 is provided with a convex point or convex surface 8, or the whole inclined plane 3, to form the nut 1 of the present invention, the nut 1 body 16 is the locknut 21 for preventing the nut 1 from loosening freely, no flat washer 27 and elastic washer 28 are provided, and other installation structures and principles are the same as those in fig. 3, and will not be repeated.

In fig. 3, a flat washer 27, or a spring washer 28 is respectively arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure 11 and the fastened member A22, and the flat washer 27 is positioned between the spring washer 28 and the fastened member A22; any gasket can be omitted; wherein the spring washer 28 is either an existing split spiral spring washer 28, an existing conical disk spring washer 2, an existing spherical disk spring washer 2, or an existing any of the spring washers 34.

In fig. 4, the inclined surface 35 is the whole inclined end surface 3, and the circular ring plane 12 is not provided, and the other parts are the same as those described in fig. 3.

The spring washer 28, the flat washer 27, the common nut 25, the locknut 21 and the bolt 4 are all well known in the art, and the structure, the working principle, the material, the specification and the selection method thereof are all known to those skilled in the art and are not repeated here.

Fig. 9-17 are schematic illustrations of several structures of the present nut, such as the nut 1 with 1 circular boss or convex surface 8 in fig. 9-10; fig. 11-12 show a nut 1 with 2 circular bumps or lands 8; fig. 13-14 show a nut 1 with 2 scalloped bumps or lands 8; FIGS. 15-17 show a locknut 1 with 1 circular boss or convex surface 8 in this case; in addition, there are nuts 1 with various bumps or convexities 8, such as rectangular, oval, etc. The cross section of the convex point or convex surface 8 of the nut 1 perpendicular to the height is of any shape, and is a conventional product, and will not be illustrated or described here.

The three mounting modes respectively correspond to the thickness, the thread arrangement mode, the different materials and the different specifications of the nuts, the nut 1 is the nut with the convex point or the convex surface 8 on the end surface or the combination of the nut and the bolt with the whole inclined surface 3, the three mounting modes achieve the same anti-loose purpose, and in addition, a plurality of combination modes are not listed here, and the principle and the function are the same.

Experiments prove that: when the nut 1 is rotated back, the convex points or the convex surfaces 8 or the end surfaces of the whole inclined end surfaces 3 are higher, so that the nut 3 is spirally and obliquely arranged on the external threads 7 of the screw rod 5 of the bolt 4, the nut is locked in a unidirectional rotation way, the jacking line or the surface 24 of the convex surface 8 tightly props against the spiral of the main nut 2 to rise, if a certain torque which can be large or small is used, the nut 1 and the bolt head 9 are screwed down, and the nut 1 can not be loosened at all on the external threads 7 of the bolt 4 because the thickness of the fastened part A22 and the fastened part B23 can not be fastened and compressed any more.

The nut 1 is an existing common nut 25, or a convex point or convex surface 8 is fixed on a circular ring plane 12 at one end of an existing locknut 21, or a convex tip of the whole inclined end surface 3 is formed, the convex point or convex surface 8 is made of metal or nonmetal such as stainless steel, carbon steel, manganese steel, alloy steel, iron, copper or the like which is homogeneous with a nut body 16, and the locknut structure and a screw pair are formed and are used for the vibration lockfastening fields of railways, bridges, mines, aviation, aerospace, navigation, iron towers, wind power, nuclear power, vehicles, vibration machinery, facilities and the like.

For convenience and intuitiveness, the nut can be simply called a 'dotted nut', 'chamfer locknut', 'chamfer nut', or 'bevel end nut', which is more definite and clear, can be distinguished from other nuts and is convenient for communication.

"upper", "lower" as described herein; the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be construed broadly as meaning connected directly or indirectly through intervening mediums, and the meaning of the terms in this case may be understood by those skilled in the art, as appropriate, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, rather than by indicating or implying that the apparatus or parts referred to must have a specific orientation, in order to construct and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

It should also be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present disclosure, and are not limiting thereof; the specific embodiments of the present application are modified or some technical features are equivalently replaced, without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present application, and all the technical features are covered in the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The nut anti-loosening structure comprises a nut (1) and a bolt (4), wherein the nut (1) is formed by improving a nut body (16) of a common nut (25) or an anti-loosening nut (21), the periphery of the nut body is hexagonal or square, a round hole is formed in the center of the nut body, an internal thread (6) is formed in the inner side of the round hole, the axis of a screw hole (14) is coaxial with the axis of the bolt (4), circular ring planes (12) at two ends of the nut (1) are perpendicular to the axis of the screw hole (14),

the hexagonal edge of the nut body (16) of the common nut (25) or the locknut (21) rotates to any angle around the symmetry axis, then an inclined plane (35) forming an angle of 90 degrees plus alpha relative to the symmetry axis is used for cutting off the inclined end angle of one end of the nut body (16), the nut (1) with a missing end angle is obtained, and less than half of the end face is left, including less than 1/2 part or salient points or convex surfaces (8) of the whole inclined end face (3) are left;

alpha is an oblique angle cut off by one end of the nut body (16), and satisfies 0 degrees more than or equal to 30 degrees;

the common nut (25) or the locknut (21) has less than 1/2 part of one end (15), and the circular plane (12) is provided with a convex point or convex surface (8);

the convex point or convex surface (8) and the common nut (25) or the locknut (21) are integrated into a whole;

the height of the convex points or the convex surfaces (8) is at least 1/10-1 times of the tooth distance of the internal threads (6) of the screw holes (14) of the common nut (25) or the locknut (21);

the cross section of the convex point or convex surface (8) perpendicular to the height is of any shape;

the common nut (25) is a fixing tool, a hole is formed in the center of the common nut, threads are formed in the inner side of the hole, regular hexagonal sides or square corners which are symmetrical with each other are formed around the hole, the common nut is connected with external threads (7) of bolts (4) of the same specification in a screwed mode through internal threads (6) of the round holes, a fastened piece A (22) and a fastened piece B (23) are fastened between a bolt head (9) and the common nut (25) in a screwed mode, and circular ring planes (12) which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the screw hole (14) are arranged at two ends of the common nut;

the locknut (21) comprises a nut body (16) and an annular elastic locking piece (18), wherein the annular elastic locking piece (18) is arranged at the other end (31) of the nut body (16) and is of an integrated structure with the nut body (16), and the annular elastic locking piece (18) bends towards the inner side of a thread of the nut body (16) and forms an annular channel (17) with the nut body (16); the inner diameter of the annular elastic locking piece (18) is smaller than the inner diameter of the part of the internal thread (6) of the nut body (16), or the annular elastic locking piece (18) and the part of the internal thread (6) of the nut body (16) are slightly axially or radially staggered; the annular elastic locking piece (18) is metal or nylon;

the nut (1) is used for screwing a fixed end (10) of the bolt (4) and is positioned at the outer side of the fastened member A (22),

the external thread (7) of the screw (5) of the bolt (4) is used for coaxially screwing the internal thread (6) of the nut (1),

the method is characterized in that:

the convex points or the convex surfaces (8) of the nut (1) are fixed on a circular plane (12) at one end of the nut (1), and after the top line or the surface (24) of the convex points or the convex surfaces (8) is screwed, the top line or the surface is in line contact with the upper surface of the fastened member A (22); continuing to tighten the nut (1), and changing the top line of the convex point or convex surface (8) and the upper surface of the fastened member A (22) into surface contact;

when the top line or surface (24) of the convex point or convex surface (8) on the nut (1) is contacted with the upper surface of the fastened member A (22), the top line or surface (24) of the convex point or convex surface (8) on the nut (1) can only be blocked by the fastened member A (22) to be screwed down and cannot be loosened by utilizing the gap (33) between the internal thread (6) of the nut (1) and the external thread (7) of the bolt (4), so that the internal thread (6) of the nut (1) and the external thread (7) of the bolt (4) are inclined, the nut (1) is locked in a unidirectional rotation way in the loosening direction, and the top line or surface (24) of the convex point or convex surface (8) can not be loosened and plays a role in stopping loosening and locking;

or the nut (2) and the bolt head (9) are screwed down by a certain pretightening force, and the nut anti-loosening structure (11) locks the nut (1) and the fastened member A (22), the fastened member (23) and the bolt head (9) in a bidirectional screw mode and is fixed on the screw rod (5) of the bolt (4).

2. Screw thread pair, its characterized in that:

a bolt (4) with one end being a bolt head (9) and the other end being a fixed end (10); the nut anti-loosening structure (11) is arranged at the fixed end (10) of the bolt (4); and a fastened member A (22) and a fastened member B (23) are installed and fastened between the bolt head (9) and the nut anti-loosening structure (11).

3. A screw thread pair according to claim 2, wherein:

a flat washer (27) or an elastic washer (28) is arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure (11) and the fastened part A (22), and the flat washer (27) is positioned between the elastic washer (28) and the fastened part A (22).

4. A screw thread pair according to claim 3, wherein:

the spring washer (28) is one of an open spiral spring washer (28), or a conical surface disc-shaped spring washer (2), or a spherical surface disc-shaped spring washer (2), or any elastic washer (34).

5. The thread pair as recited in claim 4, wherein:

no gasket is arranged between the nut anti-loosening structure (11) and the fastened member A (22).

6. A screw thread pair according to claim 2, wherein:

beta is the included angle between the nut (1) and the upper surface of the fastened part A (22), and the included angle is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 30 degrees.

7. The thread pair as recited in claim 6, wherein:

the value of beta is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 5 degrees; and because a gap is reserved between the internal thread (6) of the nut (1) and the external thread (7) of the bolt (4), after the nut (1) is fastened on the screw rod (5), beta is smaller than alpha.