CN111306170B

CN111306170B - Anti-theft nut and anti-theft screw for outdoor electric power facility and operating pliers thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111306170B
Application number: CN202010233550.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张军辰; 吕建辉; 李金霞; 张梓辛; 苏子林
Original assignee: Hua'en Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hua'en Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-30
Also published as: CN111306170A

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-theft nut and an anti-theft screw for outdoor electric power facilities and operating pliers thereof, belonging to the technical field of fasteners. The end faces of the anti-theft nut and the anti-theft screw head part facing to the connected piece are provided with end face teeth, and the end face teeth are meshed with the matched operating pliers to obtain a rotary driving force for assembly and disassembly, so that the anti-theft nut and the anti-theft screw head part can be prevented from being loosened due to illegal knocking. The sheath and the protective cap do not influence the assembly and disassembly operation of the operating pliers, the operation pliers are assembled by closing up in a manufacturer, and the structural strength can be improved. The elastic sealing layers in the sheath and the protective cap can prevent dust, water and grease from entering to cause blockage and corrosion, can buffer when being illegally knocked, and can absorb impact energy due to free rotation. The opening of the operating clamp can be enlarged, and anti-theft nuts and anti-theft screws with different specifications can be assembled and disassembled. The anti-theft method of the invention provides a huge coding space for pairing the operating pliers with the anti-theft nut or anti-theft screw, and can avoid the illegal disassembly without matching the operating pliers.

Description

Anti-theft nut and anti-theft screw for outdoor electric power facility and operating pliers thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a nut, a screw and operating pliers thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fasteners.

Background

The nut is usually in a short hexagonal cylindrical structure and is provided with a central threaded hole, the inner surface of the central threaded hole is provided with internal threads, and the nut needs to be matched with a bolt and is used for fastening and connecting two connected pieces with through holes. The screw is also called a screw, and is a threaded fastener with a head and a screw rod, and the surface of the screw rod is provided with external threads for tightly connecting one connected piece with a through hole to another connected piece with a threaded hole without matching with a nut.

In order to effectively avoid the theft of outdoor electric power facilities, people propose various anti-theft nuts and anti-theft screws; the existing nut and screw anti-theft technology mainly has four types. The first is an anti-theft technology which cannot be loosened, a thread pair is damaged by adopting a welding, riveting or bonding method, or the thread pair is prevented from being disassembled by adopting a twisting-off method, and cannot be fastened again. The anti-theft technology which can not be loosened is convenient and reliable, and has the defects of difficult breaking and dismantling and only once use of the bolt, the screw and the nut.

The second is an anti-theft technology of unidirectional driving rotation, which can only adopt a tool to perform unidirectional driving, rotate towards a fastening direction and cannot rotate reversely, so that the tool cannot be disassembled; such as a nut with balls, a screw head with a one-way drive arrangement. When the nut with the balls rotates in a reverse driving mode, the balls can clamp the external threads of the bolt and cannot be detached; the screw head with the one-way driving structure can cause the screwdriver to slip and be not detached when the screw head is driven to rotate reversely, and is commonly used for preventing the license plate of the automobile from being stolen. The anti-theft technology of unidirectional driving rotation also has the defect of incapability of disassembly, and brings inconvenience to the maintenance, the maintenance and the legal disassembly of the connected piece.

The third is detachable anti-theft technology, which changes the structure or shape of the screw nut or the screw head, and adopts special tools to drive the screw nut or the screw head to rotate in the positive and negative directions, so as to allow the screw nut or the screw head to be fastened and detached again. Because the end surface of the nut and the screw head close to the connected piece is abutted with the connected piece, the side surface of the nut or the screw head or the end surface (called a far end surface for short) far away from the connected piece is changed in the prior art, and special-shaped recesses or protrusions are designed on the side surface and the far end surface and are matched with a special tool to be driven to rotate. For example, the side surface of a common hexagonal column is changed into a triangular column, a quadrangular column or an octagonal column, and the cross groove and the straight groove of the far end surface are changed into quincunx, letter shape or digital shape grooves. In order to avoid the illegal disassembly of the pipe wrench, the prior art designs the side and distal end surfaces as spherical crowns or curved surfaces. The detachable anti-theft technology is provided with a concave or convex on the side surface or the far end surface, a screwdriver or a punch is used for knocking, the nut or the screw is easy to loosen by matching with the illegal knocking of a hammer, and in addition, the detachable anti-theft technology can be detached by using a sleeve or a spanner which is not completely matched with the concave or convex, but the concave or convex on the side surface or the far end surface is easy to damage. Therefore, the existing detachable anti-theft technology has insufficient anti-theft capability, is easy to be broken through illegally and is commonly used for preventing the automobile wheels from being stolen. Patent No. 201210159844.1 discloses a method for preventing fastener from being stolen, and a theft-proof fastener and a special wrench, which are described in paragraph [0002] of the specification: because the continuous rake face structure adopted by the existing special-shaped bolt has the rake angle at the joint of the conical face and the conical face, the rake angle part is easy to hit, so that the bolt or the nut is loosened, and the anti-theft effect of the existing structural fastener is not good. Therefore, the use effect of the existing anti-theft fastener is not ideal.

The fourth is to adopt the anti-theft technology of the protective cap (also called as a shield or a sheath), after the nut or the screw is fastened, the nut or the screw head is covered by the protective cap in the construction site, and the illegal disassembly is avoided. Because the protective cap needs to be installed on a construction site by adopting a special tool, the installation and connection structural strength of the protective cap is limited, and the protective cap is easy to fall off due to illegal knocking or prying. Therefore, the existing anti-theft technology adopting the protective cap has insufficient anti-theft capability, is easy to be broken through illegally, and is commonly used for preventing the automobile license plate from being stolen and preventing the illegal opening of a gas valve or an instrument box.

At present, common bolts, nuts or screws for fastening and connecting pole towers, transformers, ground wires and the like in outdoor power facilities need to be anti-loose, anti-backing and anti-theft. The common anti-loosening technology of double nuts for preventing loosening of outdoor electric power facilities aims at a common cotter pin with a backstop function and aims at the common anti-theft technology that the anti-theft function can not be loosened, can rotate in a one-way driving mode or adopts a protective cap. The invention patent with the patent number of 201811226072.2 provides an anti-loose and anti-backing nut, which comprises a main nut 1, a limit washer 2, a stop washer 3, a lock washer 4 and an auxiliary nut 5; the stop washer 3 can radially contract inwards, and drives the internal teeth of the threads to be pressed into the tooth bottom of the external threads of the bolt to stop relative to the bolt; the stop washer 3 generates and maintains radial pretightening force relative to the bolt, is not influenced by impact, vibration or variable load, and is reliable in looseness prevention and backstopping; when the axial pretightening force is reduced and disappears, the locking state of the locking washer cannot be influenced, the locking washer can be prevented from falling off from the connected piece, and accidents are prevented from being caused. The technical scheme disclosed by the invention has reliable anti-loose and backstopping functions, is an anti-loose technology adopting double nuts, and the auxiliary nut 5 can adopt the existing anti-theft technology; however, even when the main nut 1 is tightened again for maintenance, the sub nut 5 must be loosened to tighten the main nut, and thus the conventional anti-theft technique which cannot be loosened and which is driven to rotate in one direction cannot be adopted.

The invention patent with the patent number 201610640767.X provides a novel tower stay wire anti-theft nut, wherein a plurality of vertical grooves are arranged on the outer ring of the nut, and a sleeve matched with the vertical grooves is arranged on the outer ring of the nut. When the pull wire is mounted, the UT wire clamp is screwed by the first common nut, then the nut is screwed on the pull wire UT wire clamp by using the matched sleeve, and when the pull wire is required to be dismounted in the later period, the nut is screwed off by using the matched sleeve, so that the pull wire UT wire clamp is fast and convenient to use, and the pull wire UT wire clamp can still be used continuously. The technical scheme disclosed by the patent adopts a detachable anti-theft technology, and has the defect that the tool is easy to be knocked illegally to be loosened or is not completely matched and can be detached. In addition, the specification of the invention patent also states the defects of the nut with the ball and the anti-theft technology using the protective cap in paragraph [0002], and needs to be improved.

The existing anti-theft technology which can be disassembled and adopts a protective cap has insufficient anti-theft capability, is easy to be broken through illegally and needs to be improved. In addition, the operating space of the nut, bolt and screw used for the outdoor electric power facility is sufficient, and the nut, bolt and screw do not need to sink into the interior of the connected piece, and the nut, bolt and screw also provide convenient conditions for improving the detachable anti-theft technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an anti-theft nut and an anti-theft screw for an outdoor power facility and a special operating tool thereof, which improve the anti-theft capability of a threaded fastener on the existing outdoor power facility, can be repeatedly disassembled, are convenient for the maintenance, experiment and maintenance of the outdoor power facility, and do not influence the legal disassembly, reuse and remanufacture.

The orientation described in the specification takes the matching threads of the nut and the screw as a reference, the axial direction of the matching threads is an axial direction, and the diameter direction is a radial direction; the part close to the connected piece is near, otherwise, the part is far; away from the axis is outward, otherwise inward; and so on. The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows.

An anti-theft nut for outdoor electric power facilities comprises a nut body 1 and a sheath 2, and can be installed or disassembled by adopting a matched operating clamp 5 to drive to rotate rightwards or leftwards as shown in figure 1. The nut body 1 is of a disc-shaped structure, an axial threaded hole is formed in the center of the nut body, and the nut body is matched with the external thread of the bolt through the threaded hole so as to fasten a connected piece.

Further, the nut body 1 is provided with a first end face 11, a second end face 13 and a third end face 14 in sequence from near to far from small to large at the near end to form three annular step faces. The second end face 13 is provided with a face tooth 12 facing the connected piece, and the face tooth 12 is meshed with the matched operating pliers 5 to obtain a rotary driving force for mounting or dismounting.

Further, the nut body 1 has a cylindrical outer side surface, an arc-shaped curved surface between the outer side surface and a distal end, and an inner cylindrical surface 15 and an annular distal end surface 16 are formed by recessing the distal end to the proximal end. The outer side face is the side face of the disc-shaped structure and is in a cylindrical surface shape.

Further, the nut body 1 wraps the elastic sealing layer on the inner cylindrical surface 15, the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 14, and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer.

The sheath 2 is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with a cylindrical side face, a closing part 21 is arranged at the near end of the side face, an arc-shaped inward bent part 22 is arranged at the far end of the side face, a near bent part 23 is arranged at the far end of the inward bent part 22, and an inner cylindrical surface 15, an arc-shaped curved surface, an outer side surface and a third end surface 14 of the nut body 1 are wrapped through an elastic sealing layer of the nut body 1 and can freely rotate relative to the nut body 1, so that the engagement of the end surface teeth 12 and the operating pliers 5 is not influenced, the phenomenon that dust, water and grease enter to cause seizure and corrosion and the illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers can be avoided.

The closing-in part 21 is subjected to closing-in processing by a manufacturer by adopting special equipment and a production process, the sheath 2 wraps the inner cylindrical surface 15, the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 14 of the nut body 1 through the elastic sealing layer of the nut body 1, the structural strength of the sheath 2 can be greatly improved, and the falling off caused by illegal prying and knocking can be effectively avoided.

The first end surface 11, the second end surface 13, the third end surface 14 and the distal end surface 16 are all circular ring-shaped planes which are parallel and concentric with each other.

The first end face 11 is connected with the threaded hole of the nut body 1 at the inner side edge, the outer diameter of the first end face is larger than the diameter of the through hole on the connected piece, and the first end face abuts against the connected piece, a washer or other nuts, so that the connected piece is fastened.

The second end face 13 is farther from the connected piece than the first end face 11, the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the first end face 11, and an outer conical surface is formed between the second end face 13 and the first end face 11, so that the operating pliers 5 can be clamped and meshed with the end face teeth 12 to carry out installation or disassembly, and illegal disassembly of a slice wrench and a slice pliers can be avoided.

The face teeth 12 extend along the radial direction of the second end face 13, are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second end face 13, and are provided with inclined planes 121 facing the connected piece at the outer ends, so that the tooth height of the face teeth 12 is gradually increased from zero to the inside from the outside, and the face teeth can be effectively prevented from being loosened due to illegal knocking, as shown in fig. 2.

Said third end face 14 is further from the connected piece than the second end face 13, the inner diameter being equal to the outer diameter of the second end face 13, forming an outer cylindrical surface between itself and the second end face 13, so that the sheath 2 can wrap the third end face 14 without affecting the engagement of the face teeth 12 with the operating vice 5.

The inner cylindrical surface 15 is connected with the distal end surface 16 at the proximal end and connected with the arc-shaped curved surface of the nut body 1 at the distal end, and is wrapped by the sheath 2 together with the arc-shaped curved surface and the outer side surface, so that the sheath 2 can be prevented from falling off.

Said distal end face 16 is connected on the inner side along a threaded hole with the nut body 1, being formed with the inner cylindrical surface 15 recessed towards the proximal end, reducing the mass of the nut body 1 and increasing the radial dimensions, facilitating mounting and dismounting.

The closing-in part 21 of the sheath 2 is of a circular ring-shaped flat plate structure, the inner side surface of the closing-in part is parallel to the outer cylindrical surface between the second end surface 13 and the third end surface 14 and is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface, the outer side surface of the closing-in part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the side surface of the sheath 2, and the closing-in part is attached to the third end surface 14 of the nut body 1 through an elastic sealing layer, so that the sheath 2 wraps the nut body 1, and the falling-off and the illegal disassembly of pipe tongs are avoided.

The inner and outer surfaces of the inner bent part 22 are arc-shaped curved surfaces, the inner bent part is fixedly connected with the side surface of the sheath 2 at the near end, and the inner bent part and the arc-shaped curved surface of the nut body 1 are attached through the elastic sealing layer, so that the inner bent part and the arc-shaped curved surface of the nut body 1 can jointly resist the illegal knocking of a heavy object, and the illegal disassembly, damage and falling off are avoided.

The near-bending part 23 is of a cylindrical structure, is fixedly connected with the far end of the inward-bending part 22 at the far end, and is attached to the inner cylindrical surface 15 of the nut body 1 through an elastic sealing layer, so that the nut body 1 is wrapped by the sheath 2, and the falling off caused by illegal prying and pressing is avoided.

An anti-theft screw for outdoor electric power facilities comprises a head and a screw rod, wherein the head is provided with a head body 3 and a protective cap 4, and a matched operating clamp 5 can be used for driving to rotate rightwards or leftwards for installation or disassembly as shown in figure 3.

The head body 3 is of a disc-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with a screw at the near end, is fastened by the screw to form a connected piece, and is sequentially provided with a first end face 31, a second end face 33 and a third end face 34 from near to far from small to large at the near end to form three annular step faces. The second end face 33 is provided with a face tooth 32 facing the connected piece, and the face tooth 32 is meshed with the matched operating pliers 5 to obtain a rotary driving force for mounting or dismounting.

Further, the head body 3 has a cylindrical outer side surface, an arc-shaped curved surface between the outer side surface and the distal end, and a proximal concave surface 35 formed by recessing the distal end to the proximal end. The outer side face is the side face of the disc-shaped structure and is in a cylindrical surface shape.

Further, the head body 3 wraps the elastic sealing layer on the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 34, and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer.

The protective cap 4 is of a cylindrical cap-shaped structure and is provided with a cylindrical side face, a closing part 41 is arranged at the near end of the side face, an arc-shaped inward bent part 42 is arranged at the far end of the side face, a circular plate-shaped top part 43 is arranged at the far end of the inward bent part 42, and an arc-shaped curved surface, an outer side face and a third end face 34 of the head body 3 are wrapped through an elastic sealing layer of the head body 3 and can freely rotate relative to the head body 3, so that the engagement of the end face teeth 32 and the operating pliers 5 is not influenced, the phenomenon that dust, water and grease enter to cause seizure and corrosion and the illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers can be avoided.

The closing-in part 41 is subjected to closing-in processing by adopting special equipment and a production process at a manufacturer, the sheath 4 is wrapped on the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 34 of the head body 3 through the elastic sealing layer of the head body 3, the structural strength of the protective cap 4 can be greatly improved, and the protective cap can be effectively prevented from falling off due to illegal prying and knocking.

The first end face 31, the second end face 33 and the third end face 34 are all circular ring-shaped planes which are parallel and concentric with each other.

The first end face 31 is connected with the side face of the screw rod at the inner side edge, the outer diameter of the first end face is larger than the diameter of the through hole in the connected piece, and the first end face is abutted with the connected piece directly or through a gasket, so that the connected piece is fastened.

The second end face 33 is farther from the connected member than the first end face 31, the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the first end face 31, and an outer conical surface is formed between the second end face 33 and the first end face 31, so that the operating pliers 5 can be clamped and engaged with the end face teeth 32 to carry out installation or disassembly, and illegal disassembly of a slice wrench and a slice pliers can be avoided.

The end face teeth 32 extend along the radial direction of the second end face 33, are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second end face 33, and have the same structure as the end face teeth 12 of the nut body 1, as shown in fig. 2, so that the tooth height of the end face teeth 32 is gradually increased from outside to inside from zero, and the loosening caused by illegal knocking can be effectively avoided.

Said third end face 34 is further from the connected member than the second end face 33, the inner diameter being equal to the outer diameter of the second end face 33, forming an outer cylindrical surface with the second end face 33, so that the cap 4 can wrap the third end face 34 without affecting the engagement of the face teeth 32 with the operating vice 5.

The proximal concavity 35, formed by being concave toward the proximal end, reduces the mass of the head body 3 and increases the radial dimension, facilitating the assembly and disassembly.

The closing-in part 41 is of a circular ring-shaped flat plate structure, is parallel to an outer cylindrical surface between the inner side surface and the second end surface 33 and the third end surface 34 and is in clearance fit with the outer cylindrical surface, and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the side surface of the protective cap 4 at the outer side surface and attached to the third end surface 34 of the head body 3 through an elastic sealing layer, so that the protective cap 4 can wrap the head body 3, and the phenomenon that the protective cap falls off due to illegal prying and pressing and the illegal disassembly of the pipe wrench are avoided.

The inner and outer surfaces of the inner bent part 42 are arc-shaped curved surfaces, the inner bent part is fixedly connected with the side surface of the protective cap 4 at the near end, and the inner bent part and the arc-shaped curved surface of the head body 3 are attached through an elastic sealing layer, so that the inner bent part and the arc-shaped curved surface of the head body 3 can jointly resist the illegal knocking of heavy objects, and the illegal disassembly, damage and falling off are avoided.

The top 43 is a circular plate-shaped structure, is parallel and concentric with the first end face 31, the second end face 33 and the third end face 34, and is fixedly connected with the far end of the inward bending part 42 at the outer side face, so that the protective cap 4 is in a cylindrical cap shape.

An operating tong 5 is provided with a left rotary fixed plate 51, a left rotary movable plate 52, a handle 53, a right rotary movable plate 54, a right rotary fixed plate 55, a left rotary toothed plate 56, a left rotary toothed plate 57, a right rotary toothed plate 58 and a right rotary toothed plate 59, and can be used for mounting and dismounting an anti-theft nut and an anti-theft screw of the invention, as shown in fig. 4.

The left-handed fixed plate 51 is hinged with the left-handed movable plate 52, an opening between the left-handed fixed plate 51 and the left-handed movable plate 52 can be enlarged or reduced, an anti-theft nut can be clamped in the opening, the anti-theft nut is driven to rotate leftwards, the head of an anti-theft screw can be clamped in the opening, the anti-theft screw is driven to rotate leftwards, and the disassembly operation is carried out. The right rotating plate 54 is hinged to the right rotating fixed plate 55, an opening between the right rotating plate 54 and the right rotating fixed plate 55 can be enlarged or reduced, an anti-theft nut can be clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate rightwards, and the head of an anti-theft screw can be clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate rightwards, so that installation operation is performed.

The left-handed fixed tooth plate 56, the left-handed movable tooth plate 57, the right-handed movable tooth plate 58 and the right-handed fixed tooth plate 59 are all provided with notches, the antitheft nut can be clamped into the notches, and is meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the antitheft nut, the antitheft nut is driven to be turned rightwards or leftwards, the head of the antitheft screw can also be clamped into the head of the antitheft screw, and the antitheft nut is meshed with the end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw, the antitheft screw is driven to be turned rightwards or leftwards, installation or disassembly is carried out, and illegal disassembly operation of the unmatched operating pliers 5 can be avoided. The unmatched operating tongs 5 refer to the operating tongs 5 that the notches of the left rotary toothed plate 56, the left rotary toothed plate 57, the right rotary toothed plate 58 and the right rotary toothed plate 59 cannot be clamped into the antitheft nut and the antitheft screw head because the notches cannot be meshed with the end face teeth 12 and the end face teeth 32.

The levogyration is decided board 51 and is rectangular shape platelike structure, has the round pin hole at one end to with handle 53 fixed connection, through the round pin hole is articulated with levogyration movable plate 52, is the free end at the other end, has two at least screw holes at the middle part, and through screw hole and levogyration are decided toothed bar 56 fastening connection.

The left rotating plate 52 is of an L-shaped curved plate structure, and has an L-shaped curved portion, the curved portion has a short handle 521, one end of the curved portion has a pin hole 522, the other end of the curved portion is a free end, and at least two threaded holes are formed between the free end and the curved portion and are fastened and connected with the left rotating toothed plate 57 through the threaded holes.

The short handle 521 is fixedly connected with the curved part of the left rotating plate 52, and can be pressed by a thumb to drive the left rotating plate 52 to rotate left relative to the left rotating fixed plate 51 by taking the pin hole 522 as the center, so that the opening between the left rotating fixed plate 51 and the left rotating plate 52 is expanded, the anti-theft nut can be clamped, the anti-theft nut can be driven to rotate left, the head of the anti-theft screw can be clamped, the anti-theft screw can be driven to rotate left, and the disassembly operation can be carried out.

The pin hole 522 and the pin hole of the left fixed plate 51 can be penetrated with a pin and are provided with springs, so that the left rotating plate 52 is hinged with the left fixed plate 51 and has closing elasticity.

The handle 53 is a strip-shaped plate-shaped structure, the rubber layer is wrapped in the middle of the handle, the handle is convenient to hold by a hand, a matched anti-theft nut or anti-theft screw is driven to rotate for installation or disassembly, and the two ends of the handle are fixedly connected with the left rotating fixed plate 51 and the right rotating fixed plate 55 respectively.

The right rotary plate 54 is axisymmetrical to the left rotary plate 52, has the same size and shape, is provided with a short handle 541 and a pin hole 542 which have the same shape and size, is provided with at least two threaded holes, and is tightly connected with the right rotary toothed plate 58 through the threaded holes.

The right-handed fixed plate 55 and the left-handed fixed plate 51 are axisymmetric, have the same size and shape, are provided with pin holes and threaded holes with the same shape and size, are fixedly connected with the right-handed fixed toothed plate 59 through the threaded holes, and are hinged with the right-handed movable plate 54 through the pin holes.

The levogyration fixed tooth plate 56 is a strip plate-shaped structure, and comprises a connecting plate 562 and a groove plate 563, as shown in fig. 5, the connecting plate 562 is provided with at least two through holes 561, and the through holes 561 pass through screws to be tightly connected with the levogyration fixed plate 51.

The frid 563 is rectangular shape platelike structure, at lateral surface and connecting plate 562 fixed connection, has the notch at the medial surface, and pass through the notch can be gone into the second terminal surface 13 of nut body 1 on the antitheft nut to and the binding off portion 21 of sheath 2, side and incurvate portion 22, and with the meshing of terminal surface tooth 12, drive antitheft nut levogyration, also can block into the second terminal surface 33 of head body 3 on the antitheft screw, and the binding off portion 41 of helmet 4, side and incurvate portion 42, and with the meshing of terminal surface tooth 32, drive antitheft screw levogyration, dismantle the operation.

Further, the slot plate 563 is slotted, with a distal slot wall 564 and a proximal slot wall 566, with plate teeth 565 on the inside of the distal face of the proximal slot wall 566.

The far groove wall 564 is located the far side of the notch of the groove plate 563 and is a plane on the far surface, the plane is the far surface of the groove plate 563, and is an arc-shaped curved surface on the near surface, and through the arc-shaped curved surface, the far surface can be attached to the inner curved part 22 of the upper sheath 2 of the anti-theft nut, so that the plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut, and the anti-theft nut is driven to rotate leftwards, and can also be attached to the inner curved part 42 of the upper protective cap 4 of the anti-theft screw, so that the plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw, and the anti-theft screw is driven to rotate leftwards to perform the dismounting operation.

The near groove wall 566 is located near the groove of the groove plate 563, is fixedly connected with the groove plate 563 at the outer end, and can be close to the outer conical surface between the first end surface 11 and the second end surface 13 on the anti-theft nut at the inner end, so that the plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end surface teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut, and can also be close to the outer conical surface between the first end surface 31 and the second end surface 33 on the anti-theft screw, so that the plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end surface teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw.

Further, the proximal groove wall 566 is a plane on the proximal surface, which is the proximal surface of the groove plate 563, and a plane on the outside of the distal surface, and by which plane, can be attached to the closing portion 21 of the sheath 2, so that the plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut, and can also be attached to the closing portion 41 of the cap 4, so that the proximal plate teeth 565 can be engaged with the end teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw.

Further, the proximal groove wall 566 is recessed proximally inside the distal surface, forming a plate tooth 565. The plate teeth 565 are flush with the external plane of the far surface of the near groove wall 566 on the top surface of the tooth, can be meshed with the end surface teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate left, and can also be meshed with the end surface teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate left to perform disassembly operation.

The left rotary toothed plate 57 and the left fixed toothed plate 56 are axisymmetric, have the same size and shape, can pass through a screw, are fixedly connected with the left rotary movable plate 52 through the screw, can be meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the antitheft nut to drive the antitheft nut to rotate left, and can also be meshed with the end face teeth 32 of the antitheft nut to drive the antitheft screw to rotate left to perform disassembly operation.

The right rotary toothed plate 58 and the left rotary toothed plate 56 have the same size and shape, can pass through a screw, are fixedly connected with the right rotary plate 54 through the screw, can be meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the antitheft nut to drive the antitheft nut to rotate rightwards, and can also be meshed with the end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw to drive the antitheft screw to rotate rightwards so as to perform installation operation.

The size and the shape of the right-handed fixed toothed plate 59 are the same as those of the left-handed movable toothed plate 57, and the right-handed fixed toothed plate 59 can pass through a screw, can be tightly connected with the right-handed fixed plate 55 through the screw, can be meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the antitheft nut to drive the antitheft nut to rotate rightwards, and can also be meshed with the end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw to drive the antitheft screw to rotate rightwards so as to carry out installation operation.

An anti-theft method can be used for the anti-theft nut and the anti-theft screw, the anti-theft nut and the anti-theft screw can be installed or disassembled only by adopting the matched operating pliers 5, the illegal disassembling operation of the unmatched operating pliers 5 is avoided, and the anti-theft method has the following three characteristics.

(1) The two adjacent end face teeth 12 on the anti-theft nut have different structural parameters, the two adjacent end face teeth 32 on the anti-theft screw have different structural parameters, and preferably at least one of the three parameters of tooth height, tooth thickness and tooth pitch is different, as shown in fig. 2;

(2) when the anti-theft nut is installed, the right rotary toothed plate 58 of the matched operating pliers 5 is meshed with two adjacent end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut at the same time, and the right rotary toothed plate 59 of the matched operating pliers 5 is meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut at the same time; when being installed, the right rotary toothed plate 58 of the matching operating tong 5 is simultaneously meshed with two adjacent end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw, and the right rotary toothed plate 59 of the matching operating tong 5 is simultaneously meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw;

(3) when the nut is disassembled, the left rotary toothed plate 57 of the matching operating pliers 5 is meshed with two adjacent end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut at the same time, and the left rotary toothed plate 56 of the matching operating pliers 5 is meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut at the same time; upon disassembly, the left rotary toothed plate 57 of the matching operating vice 5 meshes simultaneously with the two adjacent end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw, and the left fixed toothed plate 56 of the matching operating vice 5 meshes simultaneously with the two other adjacent end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw.

Supplementary explanation: (1) the taper of the outer conical surface between the first end surface 11 and the second end surface 13 on the anti-theft nut is preferably 1: 10-1: 20, the taper of the outer conical surface between the first end surface 31 and the second end surface 33 on the anti-theft nut is preferably 1: 10-1: 20, the contact area with the mouth of the slice wrench or the slice pliers can be reduced, and the slice wrench or the slice pliers can be prevented from being detached illegally.

(2) The distance between the first end surface 11 and the second end surface 13 on the antitheft nut and the distance between the first end surface 31 and the second end surface 33 on the antitheft nut are required to ensure the structural strength of the matching operation clamp 5 at the position close to the groove wall 566 and avoid damage.

(3) The inner cylindrical surface 15 and the distal end surface 16 of the antitheft nut are both formed by being recessed towards the proximal end, so that the mass of the nut body 1 can be reduced, and the radial dimension can be increased; the proximal concave surface 35 of the anti-theft screw is formed by being concave towards the proximal end, so that the mass of the head body 3 can be reduced, and the radial dimension is increased; the axial and radial dimensions of said internal cylindrical surface 15 and of the proximal concave surface 35 are such as to ensure the structural strength of the anti-theft nut and screw, avoiding damage during assembly and disassembly.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the second end face 13 at the near end of the anti-theft nut is provided with end face teeth 12 facing to a connected piece, and the end face teeth 12 are meshed with the matched operating pliers 5 to obtain the driving force of rotation for mounting or dismounting; the proximal second end face 33 of the anti-theft screw is provided with a face tooth 32 facing to the connected piece, and the face tooth 32 is meshed with the matched operating pliers 5 to obtain the driving force of rotation for mounting or dismounting. Because the second end face 13 of the anti-theft nut is at the near end and faces towards the connected piece, and the second end face 33 of the anti-theft screw is also at the near end and faces towards the connected piece, the end face teeth 12 and the end face teeth 32 are both positioned on the end face facing towards the connected piece, and the loosening caused by illegal knocking can be effectively avoided.

The existing detachable anti-theft technology obviously has the defect of easy loosening due to illegal knocking by changing the structure of the side surface or the far end surface of the screw head of the nut or the screw. The arrows in fig. 1 and 3 both indicate the illegal tap direction. Due to the fact that the screwdriver or the punch is knocked and the hammer is used for being matched with illegal knocking, the kinetic energy which moves towards the nut or the screw head from the position far away from the nut or the screw head needs to generate impact force; namely, the quick movement from the position far away from the connected piece to the connected piece is required; sufficient operating space is required to generate sufficient impact force; therefore, compared with the prior detachable anti-theft technology of changing the side surface or the far end surface structure of the nut or the screw head, the nut and the screw head of the invention are provided with the end surface teeth 12 and the end surface teeth 32 on the end surface facing to the connected piece, and can effectively avoid the loosening caused by illegal knocking.

(2) In the invention, the sheath 2 of the anti-theft nut wraps the inner cylindrical surface 15, the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 14 of the nut body 1, can freely rotate relative to the nut body 1, does not influence the meshing of the end surface teeth 12 and the operating pliers 5, and can avoid the illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers. To the binding off processing of binding off portion 21 for 2 parcel nut bodies 1 of sheath are accomplished at the manufacture factory, can improve the structural strength of sheath 2 greatly, can effectively avoid dropping because of illegal prying and pressing and strike.

The protective cap 4 of the anti-theft screw wraps the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 34 of the head body 3 and can freely rotate relative to the head body 3, the meshing of the end surface teeth 32 and the operating pliers 5 is not influenced, and the illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers can be avoided. The closing-in processing of the closing-in part 41 enables the protective cap 4 to wrap the head body 3, the closing-in processing is completed by a manufacturer, the structural strength of the protective cap 4 can be greatly improved, and the protective cap can be effectively prevented from falling off due to illegal prying and knocking.

The existing anti-theft technology adopting the protective cap is to install the protective cap after a nut or a screw is installed and fastened on a construction site, so that illegal disassembly is avoided. Because only simple and portable mounting tools can be adopted on the construction site of outdoor electric power facilities, the strength of the mounting and connecting structure of the existing protective cap is limited, and the anti-theft capability is insufficient. In addition, when the nut or the screw is disassembled, the protective cap needs to be disassembled firstly, the efficiency is low, and the damage of the installation and connection structure on the protective cap is easy to cause.

Therefore, compared with the existing anti-theft technology adopting a protective cap, the installation of the protective sleeve 2 of the anti-theft nut and the protective cap 4 of the anti-theft screw is finished by closing up in a manufacturer, the structural strength of the protective sleeve 2 and the protective cap 4 can be greatly improved, and the falling off caused by illegal prying and knocking can be effectively avoided. In addition, the sheath 2 and the protective cap 4 of the invention do not affect the mounting and dismounting operations of the operating forceps 5, so that the mounting and dismounting operations are convenient and efficient.

(3) In the invention, the sheath 2 of the anti-theft nut wraps the nut body 1 through the elastic sealing layer and can freely rotate relative to the nut body 1; the protective cap 4 of the anti-theft screw is wrapped on the head body 3 through an elastic sealing layer and can freely rotate relative to the head body 3. The elastic sealing layer can prevent dust, water and grease from entering a gap between the sheath 2 and the nut body 1 and a gap between the protective cap 4 and the head body 3, can effectively prevent the sheath 2 and the protective cap 4 from being jammed and rusted, and ensures that the sheath 2 and the protective cap 4 can rotate freely. In addition, when the sheath 2 and the protective cap 4 are illegally knocked, the elastic sealing layer can buffer, and can also be combined with the free rotation of the sheath 2 or the protective cap 4 to absorb impact energy, so that illegal disassembly and damage of the anti-theft nut or the anti-theft screw are effectively avoided.

(4) Both the inner cylindrical surface 15 and the distal end surface 16 of the antitheft nut are formed by being recessed proximally; the proximal concave surface 35 of the anti-theft screw is formed by a proximal concavity. The distal ends of the anti-theft nut and anti-theft screw are recessed proximally, which may reduce mass and increase radial dimension. Due to the increase of the radial dimension, the engaging part of the operating pliers 5 is far away from the rotation center, and the mounting and dismounting operations are more labor-saving and convenient.

(5) The operating clamp 5 of the invention is provided with a left rotary toothed plate 56, a left rotary toothed plate 57, a right rotary toothed plate 58 and a right rotary toothed plate 59 which have the same structure and size; the levorotatory tooth positioning plate 56 has slots with plate teeth 565 on the inside of the distal face of the slot's proximal slot wall 566. The plate teeth 565 can be meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut and can also be meshed with the end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw, so that the operation pliers 5 can pass through the notches of the left-handed fixed tooth plate 56, the left-handed movable tooth plate 57, the right-handed movable tooth plate 58 and the right-handed fixed tooth plate 59, the anti-theft nut is clamped into the notches, the notches are meshed with the end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut, the anti-theft nut is driven to be handed or rotated, the head of the anti-theft screw can also be clamped into the notches, the end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw are meshed, the anti-theft screw is driven to be handed or rotated left, and the anti-theft screw is installed or detached.

Compared with the existing pipe tongs, the operating tongs 5 of the invention is engaged with the end face teeth 12 of the anti-theft nut or the end face teeth 32 of the anti-theft screw through the plate teeth 565 of the notch, drives the anti-theft nut or the anti-theft screw to rotate for installation or disassembly, can protect the surface of the anti-theft nut or the anti-theft screw on outdoor electric power facilities, and avoids damaging the contact surface of the nut or the screw and causing corrosion.

(6) The operating clamp 5 of the invention is provided with a left rotating fixed plate 51, a left rotating movable plate 52, a right rotating movable plate 54 and a right rotating fixed plate 55; the left-handed fixed plate 51 is hinged with the left-handed movable plate 52, an opening between the left-handed fixed plate 51 and the left-handed movable plate 52 can be enlarged or reduced, an anti-theft nut can be clamped in the opening, the anti-theft nut is driven to rotate leftwards, the head of an anti-theft screw can be clamped in the opening, the anti-theft screw is driven to rotate leftwards, and the disassembly operation is carried out; the right rotating plate 54 is hinged to the right rotating fixed plate 55, an opening between the right rotating plate 54 and the right rotating fixed plate 55 can be enlarged or reduced, an anti-theft nut can be clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate rightwards, and the head of an anti-theft screw can be clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate rightwards, so that installation operation is performed. Therefore, the operation clamp 5 of the invention can be used for carrying out the mounting and dismounting operations aiming at the anti-theft nuts and anti-theft screws with different specifications.

Because the operating pliers 5 of the invention is engaged with the end face teeth 12 of the antitheft nut or the end face teeth 32 of the antitheft screw at the plate teeth 565 of the notch by the left rotary toothed plate 56, the left rotary toothed plate 57, the right rotary toothed plate 58 and the right rotary toothed plate 59, the antitheft nut or the antitheft screw is driven to rotate rightwards or leftwards for installation or disassembly; therefore, although the operation clamp 5 can attach and detach the antitheft nut and the antitheft screw of different specifications, the illegal detachment operation which does not match the operation clamp 5 can be avoided.

(7) In the anti-theft method, the two adjacent end face teeth 12 on the anti-theft nut have different structural parameters, the two adjacent end face teeth 32 on the anti-theft screw have different structural parameters, and the matched operating pliers 5 can be clamped into the head of the anti-theft nut or the anti-theft screw to carry out installation or disassembly operation only when the left rotary toothed plate 56, the left rotary toothed plate 57, the right rotary toothed plate 58 and the right rotary toothed plate 59 can be simultaneously meshed with at least two adjacent end face teeth 12 or end face teeth 32. Since at least two adjacent teeth are engaged simultaneously, it is at least necessary to match two adjacent plate teeth 565 of the operating jaw 5 into two adjacent tooth slots of the

end face teeth

12 or 32, while two adjacent end face

teeth

12 or 32 also enter two adjacent tooth slots of the plate teeth 565. It can be seen that the anti-theft method of the present invention provides a huge coding space for pairing the operating forceps 5 with the anti-theft nut or anti-theft screw, and can effectively avoid illegal disassembly without matching the operating forceps 5. The pairing coding space in the anti-theft method is larger than that of the pairing coding space adopting the common gear meshing principle, and the coding space for pairing the operating tools in the existing anti-theft technology of the threaded fastener is greatly expanded.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the antitheft nut according to the present invention, in which arrows indicate the illegal tapping direction;

fig. 2 is a bottom view of the nut body 1 in the position of fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the security screw of the present invention, with the arrows indicating the direction of illegal tapping;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the operating forceps 5;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the left-handed fixed tooth plate 56.

Description of reference numerals: the nut body 1, the first end face 11, the end face teeth 12, the inclined face 121, the second end face 13, the third end face 14, the inner cylindrical surface 15, the distal end face 16, the sheath 2, the mouth portion 21, the inward bent portion 22, the proximal bent portion 23, the head body 3, the first end face 31, the end face teeth 32, the second end face 33, the third end face 34, the proximal concave face 35, the protective cap 4, the mouth portion 41, the inward bent portion 42, the top portion 43, the operating tong 5, the left rotating plate 51, the left rotating plate 52, the short handle 521, the pin hole 522, the handle 53, the right rotating plate 54, the short 541 handle, the pin hole 542, the right rotating plate 55, the left rotating tooth plate 56, the through hole 561, the connecting plate 562, the slot plate 563, the distal slot wall 564, the plate teeth 565, the proximal slot wall 566, the left rotating tooth plate 57, the right rotating tooth plate 58 and the right rotating tooth plate 59.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Fig. 1 is a front view of the anti-theft nut of the present invention, which comprises a nut body 1 and a sheath 2; fig. 2 is a bottom view of the nut body 1 in the position of fig. 1.

The nut body 1 is of a disc-shaped structure, an axial threaded hole is formed in the center, a first end face 11, a second end face 13 and a third end face 14 are sequentially arranged at the near end from near to far and from small to large, a cylindrical outer side face is formed, an arc-shaped curved surface is arranged between the outer side face and the far end, and the far end is sunken towards the near end to form an inner cylindrical surface 15 and a circular far end face 16. The second end face 13 is provided with face teeth 12 facing the connected piece. Preferably, the nut body 1 is made of medium carbon steel bar stock, hot forging forming is carried out, and the end face teeth 12 are formed simultaneously in the hot forging process.

The nut body 1 is wrapped with an elastic sealing layer on the inner cylindrical surface 15, the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 14 and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer. The elastic sealing layer is preferably made of synthetic rubber through hot pressing and vulcanization processing.

The sheath 2 is of cylindrical configuration with cylindrical sides with a proximal end with a mouth 21, a distal end with an arcuate inturned portion 22, and a distal end with a proximal elbow portion 23, the inturned portion 22 being preferably of stainless steel sheet material formed by stamping.

The closing-in part 21 is subjected to closing-in processing of manufacturers, preferably the rolling closing-in process of the existing self-locking nut, the inner cylindrical surface 15, the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 14 of the nut body 1 are wrapped by the sheath 2 through the elastic sealing layer, and the nut body 1 can rotate freely relative to the sheath.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the anti-theft screw according to the present invention, including a head with a head body 3 and a cap 4, and a threaded rod. The head body 3 is of a disc-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with the screw rod at the near end, is sequentially provided with a first end face 31, a second end face 33 and a third end face 34 from near to far and from small to large at the near end, is provided with a cylindrical outer side face, is provided with an arc-shaped curved surface between the outer side face and the far end, and is sunken to the near end at the far end to form a near concave face 35. The second end face 33 carries face teeth 32 facing the connected piece. The head body 3 is preferably made of medium carbon steel bar stock, and is formed by hot forging, and the face teeth 32 are formed simultaneously during the hot forging.

The head body 3 wraps the elastic sealing layer on the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 34 and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer. The elastic sealing layer is preferably made of synthetic rubber through hot pressing and vulcanization processing.

The protective cap 4 is a cylindrical cap-shaped structure with a cylindrical side surface, a closing part 41 at the proximal end of the side surface, an arc-shaped inward bent part 42 at the distal end of the side surface, and a circular plate-shaped top part 43 at the distal end of the inward bent part 42, and is preferably made of stainless steel plate through stamping.

The closing-in part 41 is processed by closing-in of manufacturers, preferably by the rolling closing-in process of the existing self-locking nut, and wraps the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface 34 of the head body 3 through the elastic sealing layer, and ensures that the head body 3 can freely rotate relative to the head body.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the operating tong 5, which is provided with a left rotary plate 51, a left rotary plate 52, a handle 53, a right rotary plate 54, a right rotary plate 55, a left rotary toothed plate 56, a left rotary toothed plate 57, a right rotary toothed plate 58 and a right rotary toothed plate 59. The left-handed fixed plate 51, the handle 53 and the right-handed fixed plate 55 are preferably made of alloy steel plates and are integrally forged and formed, pin holes and threaded holes of the left-handed fixed plate 51 and the right-handed fixed plate 55 are preferably cut and formed, the middle of the handle 53 is wrapped with a rubber layer, and preferably synthetic rubber is hot-pressed and vulcanized and formed.

The left rotating plate 52 has an L-shaped curved plate structure with an L-shaped curved portion with a short shank 521, and is preferably formed by integrally forging an alloy steel plate. The right rotating plate 54 is axisymmetrical with the left rotating plate 52, and has the same size and shape, and the same material selection and processing technology. The pin holes 522, 542 and threaded holes of the left and right

rotational plates

52, 54 are preferably machined.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the left-handed fixed tooth plate 56, which includes a connecting plate 562 and a slot plate 563. The connecting plate 562 is provided with at least two through holes 561. The slot plate 563 is a strip plate-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 562 on the outer side, and is provided with a slot on the inner side, and the slot is provided with a far slot wall 564 and a near slot wall 566; the far slot wall 564 is a plane on the far surface and an arc-shaped curved surface on the near surface; the proximal slot wall 566 is fixedly attached at an outer end to the slot plate 563, is planar at a proximal surface, is planar at an outer portion of the distal surface, and is recessed proximally at an inner portion of the distal surface to form a plate tooth 565. The left-handed toothed plate 56 is preferably formed by powder metallurgy processing of cemented carbide, or by hot forging of alloy tool steel. The left rotary toothed plate 57, the right rotary toothed plate 58 and the right rotary toothed plate 59 are the same as the left rotary toothed plate 56 in size and shape, and are also the same in material selection and processing technology.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It is within the scope of the present invention to modify the materials and fabrication processes while still meeting the structural and performance requirements of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-theft nut for outdoor electric power facilities, comprising a nut body (1) and a sheath (2), characterized in that: the right-handed rotation or the left-handed rotation is driven by adopting the matched operating pliers (5) for installation or disassembly;

the nut body (1) is of a disc-shaped structure, an axial threaded hole is formed in the center of the nut body, and the nut body is matched with the external thread of the bolt through the threaded hole so as to fasten a connected piece;

the nut body (1) is provided with a first end face (11), a second end face (13) and a third end face (14) in sequence from near to far and from small to large at the near end;

the first end surface (11) is abutted with a connected piece, so that the connected piece is fastened;

the second end face (13) is provided with a face tooth (12) facing to the connected piece, and the face tooth (12) is meshed with the matched operating pliers (5) to obtain a rotary driving force for mounting or dismounting;

the second end face (13) is farther away from the connected piece than the first end face (11), and the inner diameter of the second end face is larger than the outer diameter of the first end face (11), so that the operating pliers (5) is meshed with the end face teeth (12) for mounting or dismounting, and illegal dismounting of the slice wrench is avoided;

the tooth height of the end face teeth (12) is gradually increased from zero to inside, so that the end face teeth can be prevented from being loosened due to illegal knocking;

the nut body (1) is provided with a cylindrical outer side face, an arc-shaped curved surface is arranged between the outer side face and the far end, and the far end is sunken towards the near end to form an inner cylindrical surface (15) and a circular far end face (16);

the distal end surface (16) and the inner cylindrical surface (15) are formed together by being concave towards the proximal end, so that the mass of the nut body (1) can be reduced, the radial size is increased, and the nut is convenient to mount and dismount;

the nut body (1) wraps the elastic sealing layer on the inner cylindrical surface (15), the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface (14) and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer;

the sheath (2) is of a cylindrical structure and is provided with a cylindrical side face, a closing part (21) is arranged at the near end of the side face, an inward bending part (22) is arranged at the far end of the side face, a near bending part (23) is arranged at the far end of the inward bending part (22), and an inner cylindrical surface (15), an arc-shaped curved surface, an outer side surface and a third end surface (14) of the nut body (1) are wrapped through an elastic sealing layer and can freely rotate relative to the nut body (1), so that the engagement of end surface teeth (12) and operating pliers (5) is not influenced, dust, water and grease can be prevented from entering to cause seizure and corrosion, and illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers can also be avoided;

the sheath (2) does not influence the mounting and dismounting operations of the operating clamp (5), so that the mounting and dismounting operations are convenient and efficient;

the mouth closing part (21) is closed in a manufacturer, the sheath (2) wraps the nut body (1), the structural strength of the sheath (2) can be improved, and the falling off caused by illegal prying and knocking can be avoided.

2. An antitheft nut for outdoor electric power equipment according to claim 1 characterized in that: the first end face (11), the second end face (13), the third end face (14) and the far end face (16) are all circular planes which are parallel to each other and are concentric;

the first end face (11) is connected with a threaded hole of the nut body (1) along the inner side;

the face teeth (12) extend along the radial direction of the second face (13) and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second face (13);

the third end face (14) is farther away from the connected piece than the second end face (13), and the inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the second end face (13), so that the sheath (2) can wrap the third end face (14) and the meshing of the end face teeth (12) and the operating forceps (5) is not influenced;

the inner cylindrical surface (15) is connected with the far end surface (16) at the near end, is connected with the arc curved surface of the nut body (1) at the far end, and is wrapped by the sheath (2), so that the sheath (2) can be prevented from falling off;

the closing-in part (21) is of a circular flat plate structure, the outer side surface of the closing-in part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the side surface of the sheath (2), and the closing-in part is attached to the third end surface 14 of the nut body (1) through an elastic sealing layer, so that the nut body (1) is wrapped by the sheath (2), and falling off and illegal disassembly of pipe tongs are avoided;

the inner and outer surfaces of the inner bent part (22) are arc-shaped curved surfaces, the inner bent part is fixedly connected with the side surface of the sheath (2) at the near end, is attached to the arc-shaped curved surface of the nut body (1) through an elastic sealing layer, and resists illegal knocking of a heavy object together with the arc-shaped curved surface part of the nut body (1);

the near-bending part (23) is of a cylindrical structure, is fixedly connected with the far end of the inward-bending part (22) at the far end, and is attached to the inner cylindrical surface (15) of the nut body (1) through the elastic sealing layer, so that the nut body (1) is wrapped by the sheath (2) and is prevented from falling off due to illegal prying.

3. An antitheft screw for outdoor electric power facilities, comprising a head and a screw, with a head body (3) and a cap (4) at the head, characterized in that: the right-handed rotation or the left-handed rotation is driven by adopting the matched operating pliers (5) for installation or disassembly;

the head body (3) is of a disc-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with a screw at the near end, is fastened by the screw to form a connected piece, and is sequentially provided with a first end surface (31), a second end surface (33) and a third end surface (34) from near to far and from small to large at the near end;

the first end face (31) is abutted with a connected piece so that the connected piece is fastened;

the second end face (33) is provided with a face tooth (32) facing to the connected piece, and the face tooth (32) is meshed with a matched operating clamp (5) to obtain a rotary driving force for mounting or dismounting;

the second end face (33) is farther away from the connected piece than the first end face (31), and the inner diameter of the second end face is larger than the outer diameter of the first end face (31), so that the operating pliers (5) is meshed with the end face teeth (32) for mounting or dismounting, and illegal dismounting of the slice wrench is avoided;

the tooth height of the end face teeth (32) is gradually increased from zero to inside, so that the end face teeth can be prevented from being loosened due to illegal knocking;

the head body (3) is provided with a cylindrical outer side surface, an arc-shaped curved surface is arranged between the outer side surface and the far end, and the far end is sunken towards the near end to form a near concave surface (35);

the near concave surface (35) is formed by being concave towards the near end, so that the mass of the head body (3) can be reduced, the radial size is increased, and the mounting and the dismounting are convenient;

the head body (3) wraps the elastic sealing layer on the arc-shaped curved surface, the outer side surface and the third end surface (34) and is fixedly connected with the elastic sealing layer;

the protective cap (4) is of a cylindrical cap-shaped structure and is provided with a cylindrical side face, a closing part (41) is arranged at the near end of the side face, an inward bending part (42) is arranged at the far end of the side face, a circular plate-shaped top part (43) is arranged at the far end of the inward bending part (42), and an arc-shaped curved surface, an outer side face and a third end face (34) of the head body (3) are wrapped through an elastic sealing layer and can freely rotate relative to the head body (3), so that the engagement of the end face teeth (32) and the operating pliers (5) is not influenced, dust, water and grease can be prevented from entering to cause blockage and corrosion, and the illegal disassembly of the pipe pliers can also be avoided;

the protective cap (4) does not influence the mounting and dismounting operations of the operating pliers (5), so that the mounting and dismounting operations are convenient and efficient;

the closing-in part (41) is closed in a manufacturer, the protective sleeve (4) wraps the head body (3), the structural strength of the protective cap (4) can be improved, and the protective cap can be prevented from falling off due to illegal prying and knocking.

4. An antitheft screw for outdoor electric power equipment according to claim 3 characterized in that: the first end face (31), the second end face (33) and the third end face (34) are all mutually parallel and concentric circular planes;

the first end surface (31) is connected with the side surface of the screw rod along the inner side;

the face teeth (32) extend along the radial direction of the second face (33) and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second face (33);

the third end face (34) is farther away from the connected piece than the second end face (33), and the inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the second end face (33), so that the protective cap (4) can wrap the third end face (34) and the engagement of the end face teeth (32) and the operating pliers (5) is not influenced;

the closing-in part (41) is of a circular flat plate structure, the outer side surface of the closing-in part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the side surface of the protective cap (4), and the closing-in part is attached to the third end surface (34) of the head body (3) through an elastic sealing layer, so that the protective cap (4) wraps the head body (3), and the phenomenon that the protective cap falls off due to illegal prying and pressing and the illegal disassembly of the pipe tongs are avoided;

the inner and outer surfaces of the inward bending part (42) are arc-shaped curved surfaces, the inward bending part is fixedly connected with the side surface of the protective cap (4) at the near end, is attached to the arc-shaped curved surface of the head body (3) through an elastic sealing layer, and resists the illegal knocking of a heavy object together with the arc-shaped curved surface part of the head body (3) so as to avoid illegal disassembly, damage and falling off;

the top part (43) is of a circular plate-shaped structure, is parallel to and concentric with the first end face (31), and is fixedly connected with the far end of the inward bent part (42) at the outer side face, so that the protective cap (4) is in a cylindrical cap shape.

5. An anti-theft method for the anti-theft nut of claim 1 and the anti-theft screw of claim 3, characterized in that: the matched operating pliers (5) are required to be adopted for mounting or dismounting, so that the illegal dismounting operation of the unmatched operating pliers (5) is avoided;

the operating pliers (5) is provided with a left rotary toothed plate (56), a left rotary toothed plate (57), a right rotary toothed plate (58) and a right rotary toothed plate (59);

the two adjacent end face teeth (12) on the anti-theft nut have different structural parameters, and the two adjacent end face teeth (32) on the anti-theft nut have different structural parameters;

when the anti-theft nut is installed, a right rotary toothed plate (58) of the matched operating pliers (5) is meshed with two adjacent end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut at the same time, and a right rotary toothed plate (59) of the matched operating pliers (5) is meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut at the same time;

when the anti-theft bolt is installed, a right rotary toothed plate (58) of the matched operating pliers (5) is meshed with two adjacent end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft bolt at the same time, and a right rotary toothed plate (59) of the matched operating pliers (5) is meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft bolt at the same time;

when the anti-theft nut is disassembled, a left rotary toothed plate (57) of the matching operation clamp (5) is simultaneously meshed with two adjacent end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut, and a left rotary toothed plate (56) of the matching operation clamp (5) is simultaneously meshed with the other two adjacent end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut;

when the anti-theft bolt is disassembled, a left rotary toothed plate (57) of the matched operating clamp (5) is simultaneously meshed with two adjacent end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft bolt, and a left rotary toothed plate (56) of the matched operating clamp (5) is simultaneously meshed with two other adjacent end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft bolt.

6. An anti-theft method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the operating tong (5) is provided with a left rotating fixed plate (51), a left rotating movable plate (52), a handle (53), a right rotating movable plate (54) and a right rotating fixed plate (55), and is used for installing and disassembling the anti-theft nut of claim 1 and the anti-theft screw of claim 3;

the left-handed fixed plate (51) is hinged with the left-handed movable plate (52), the opening can be enlarged, the anti-theft nut is clamped in the left-handed fixed plate to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate leftwards, and the head of the anti-theft screw can also be clamped in the left-handed fixed plate to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate leftwards to perform disassembly operation;

the right rotating plate (54) is hinged with the right rotating fixed plate (55), the opening can be enlarged, the anti-theft nut is clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate rightwards, and the head of the anti-theft screw can also be clamped in the opening to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate rightwards for installation;

levogyration fixed tooth plate (56), levogyration movable tooth plate (57), dextrorotation movable tooth plate (58) and dextrorotation fixed tooth plate (59) all have the notch, can block into antitheft nut, with antitheft nut's terminal surface tooth (12) meshing, the drive antitheft nut dextrorotation or levogyration, also can block into antitheft screw's head, with antitheft screw's terminal surface tooth (32) meshing, the drive antitheft screw dextrorotation or levogyration are installed or are dismantled, avoid the illegal dismantlement operation of unmatching operating tongs (5).

7. An anti-theft method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the left rotary fixed plate (51) is of a strip plate-shaped structure, one end of the left rotary fixed plate is provided with a pin hole and is fixedly connected with the handle (53), the left rotary fixed plate is hinged with the left rotary movable plate (52) through the pin hole, the middle part of the left rotary fixed plate is provided with at least two threaded holes, and the left rotary fixed plate is fixedly connected with the left rotary fixed toothed plate (56) through the threaded holes;

the left rotating toothed plate (52) is of an L-shaped curved plate structure and is provided with an L-shaped curved part, the curved part is provided with a short handle (521), a pin hole (522) and at least two threaded holes, and the left rotating toothed plate (57) is fixedly connected with the threaded holes;

the right rotating plate (54) and the left rotating plate (52) are axially symmetrical and have the same size and shape; the right rotating fixed plate (55) and the left rotating fixed plate (51) are axisymmetric and have the same size and shape;

the left rotary fixed toothed plate (56) is of a long strip plate-shaped structure and comprises a slotted plate (563);

the groove plate (563) is of a strip-shaped plate structure, and the inner side surface of the groove plate is provided with a notch;

the slot plate (563) has a distal slot wall (564) and a proximal slot wall (566) with plate teeth (565) inside the distal face of the proximal slot wall (566);

the far groove wall (564) is an arc-shaped curved surface on the near surface and can be attached to an inward bent part (22) of an upper sheath (2) of the anti-theft nut, so that the plate teeth (565) are meshed with the end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut, and also can be attached to an inward bent part (42) of an upper protective cap (4) of the anti-theft screw, so that the plate teeth (565) are meshed with the end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft screw;

the plate teeth (565) can be meshed with end face teeth (12) of the anti-theft nut to drive the anti-theft nut to rotate left, and can also be meshed with end face teeth (32) of the anti-theft screw to drive the anti-theft screw to rotate left to perform disassembly operation;

the left rotary toothed plate (57) and the left fixed toothed plate (56) are axially symmetrical and have the same size and shape; the right rotary toothed plate (58) and the left rotary toothed plate (56) are the same in size and shape; the size and the shape of the right rotary toothed plate (59) are the same as those of the left rotary toothed plate (57).