CN116574639A - Biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116574639A
CN116574639A CN202310355598.5A CN202310355598A CN116574639A CN 116574639 A CN116574639 A CN 116574639A CN 202310355598 A CN202310355598 A CN 202310355598A CN 116574639 A CN116574639 A CN 116574639A
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microbial inoculum
biological
bacterial
biological filter
culture solution
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黄丹
刘启凯
孙贤波
刘依文
鞠庆玲
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Xiyuan Environmental Protection Shanghai Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant, which is prepared from a first microbial inoculant and a second microbial inoculant according to the volume ratio of (1-5): (3-10); wherein the first microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 6 ~1×10 9 CFU/mL; the second bacterial agent comprises Mycobacteria, and the concentration of bacterial liquid is 1×10 4 ~1×10 6 CFU/mL. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent. The biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum can effectively solve the problems of long domestication and debugging starting period and abnormal working condition resistance of a biological trickling filtration towerPoor force and poor resistance to severe environment.

Description

Biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and treatment, in particular to a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the technical field of odor treatment, the biotrickling filter is widely used because of the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, convenient operation and management and the like. The principle of the biotrickling filter for removing malodorous pollutants is as follows: the malodorous pollutant in the malodor is captured and utilized by the microorganism attached to the filler surface of the biotrickling filter, and part of the malodorous pollutant is converted into CO 2 、H 2 And part of small molecular substances such as O and the like are converted into energy for the growth and propagation of microorganisms, so that the purpose of removing malodorous pollutants in malodor is achieved.
The removal efficiency of the biotrickling filter depends on the degradation and utilization capacity of microorganisms on malodorous pollutants.
The strain sources of the current biotrickling filter are mostly naturally domesticated, and the problem of long debugging period exists due to long microorganism generation period and long domestication period; meanwhile, the single odor pollution component easily causes single structure of domesticated flora, low biodiversity and poor stability, and causes poor capability of the biological trickling filter to resist abnormal working conditions (such as water cut, power failure, long-time overhaul and the like) or severe environments such as high temperature, cold, freezing and the like.
Therefore, a need exists to provide a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum so as to solve the problems of long period of domestication and debugging and starting of a biological trickling filtration tower, poor capability of resisting abnormal working conditions and poor capability of resisting severe environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems of long starting period, poor stability and the like of a biological filter.
In one aspect, the invention provides a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant, which is prepared from a first microbial inoculant and a second microbial inoculant according to the volume ratio of (1-5): (3-10);
wherein the first microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 6 ~1×10 9 CFU/mL; the second microbial inoculum comprises mycobacterium, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 4 ~1×10 6 CFU/mL。
Optionally, the volume ratio of the first microbial agent to the second microbial agent is (1-2): (5-10), preferably 2:5.
Optionally, the bacterial liquid concentration of the first bacterial agent is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU/mL, preferably 1X 10 7 CFU/mL。
Optionally, the concentration of the bacterial liquid of the second bacterial agent is 5 multiplied by 10 4 ~6×10 5 CFU/mL, preferably 1X 10 5 CFU/mL。
Optionally, in the first microbial inoculum, the colony ratio of bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus is (7-8): (1 to 5), preferably (7 to 8): (2-3).
On the other hand, the invention provides a preparation method of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively carrying out fermentation culture to obtain a mycobacterium culture solution, a bacillus subtilis culture solution and a thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution;
(2) Mixing bacillus subtilis culture solution and thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution, adding sterilized carbonaceous filler into the obtained mixed bacterial solution, and culturing to obtain a first microbial inoculum;
(3) And adding the sterilized carbonaceous filler into a mycobacterium culture solution, and culturing to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
Optionally, in the step (2), the volume percentages of the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution are respectively 70-80% and 20-30%, the sum of the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution is 100%, and the adding proportion of the carbonaceous filler is 50-100 g of the carbonaceous filler per liter of the mixed bacterial solution; in the step (3), the carbon filler is added in a proportion of 50-100 g of carbon filler per liter of mycobacterium culture solution.
Optionally, the diameter of the carbonaceous filler is 5-10 mm, and the specific surface area is not less than 250m 2 And/g, the surface is hydrophilic.
On the other hand, the invention provides a use method of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
step one, inoculating a first microbial inoculum to the lower half layer of the biological filter, which is close to the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
preferably, the use method sequentially comprises the following steps:
dispersing a carbon filler in a first microbial inoculum on the lower half layer of the biological filter near the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 1-2 days;
dispersing the carbon filler in the second microbial inoculum on the upper half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 3 to 4 days.
On the other hand, the invention provides a use method of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
step one, inoculating a first microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter, which is close to the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the lower half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
preferably, the use method sequentially comprises the following steps:
dispersing a carbon filler in a first microbial inoculum on the upper half layer of the biological filter near the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 1-2 days;
dispersing the carbon filler in the second microbial inoculum on the lower half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 3 to 4 days.
According to the technical scheme, the biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant and the preparation method and application thereof have at least the following beneficial effects:
the biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention has good biocompatibility with carbon filler, and can be easily used as an dominant strain after inoculation.
Compared with a natural domesticated biological filter, the biological filter inoculated with the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent can finish domestication and starting quickly, and the deodorization efficiency can be improved by 20% -40%.
The inoculation of the biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum can obviously shorten the debugging period of the biological filter, and enhance the resistance of the biological filter to severe environments such as cold, hot and the like and abnormal working conditions such as long-time idling, water cut, power failure, overhaul and the like.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the concentration of elemental sulfur during the degradation of elemental sulfur by 3 pure bacteria selected in example 1, namely, mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and Acidithiobacillus;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in sulfate ion concentration during the degradation of elemental sulfur by 3 pure bacteria selected in example 1, namely Mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and Acidithiobacillus;
FIG. 3 shows growth curves of 3 pure bacteria obtained by screening in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of the hydrogen sulfide removal of the biological filter inoculated with the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent and the natural domestication tower in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of the biological filter inoculated with the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent and the natural domestication tower in example 1 against the influence of severe winter weather.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments for a full understanding of the objects, features and effects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments for a full understanding of the objects, features, and effects of the present invention. The process of the present invention is carried out by methods or apparatus conventional in the art, except as described below.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant which can be applied to a biological filter. The biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum consists of a first microbial inoculum and a second microbial inoculum. The volume ratio of the first microbial inoculum to the second microbial inoculum is (1-5): (3-10), preferably (1-2): (5-10), more preferably 2:5.
The deodorizing bacteria in the first microbial inoculum are bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) and thiobacillus acidophilus (Sulfobacillus), and the colony ratio of the bacillus subtilis and the thiobacillus acidophilus is (7-8): (1 to 5), preferably (7 to 8): (2-3). The concentration of the bacterial liquid of the first bacterial agent is 1 multiplied by 10 6 ~1×10 9 CFU/mL, preferably 1X 10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU/mL, most preferably 1X 10 7 CFU/mL。
The bacillus subtilis in the first microbial inoculum is an aerobic bacterium, and organic matters, elemental sulfur and tetrathionate are taken as electron donors to carry out growth metabolism. The bacillus subtilis has good acid resistance and heat resistance, the survival pH value ranges from 2.0 to 6.0, the temperature ranges from 20 ℃ to 70 ℃, spores are generated to become dormancy when the bacillus subtilis encounters a severe environment unsuitable for survival, and vegetative cells are regenerated when the environment is suitable. The spores can resist drought, high heat, high acid and alkali and hypertonic environment.
The thiobacillus acidophilus in the first microbial inoculum is an aerobic bacilliform bacterium and has acidophilic property. The method can take ferrous iron, elemental sulfur and sulfide as raw materials for autotrophic growth, and in the sulfur oxidation process, hydrogen sulfide, elemental sulfur and sulfite are gradually oxidized and degraded.
The deodorant bacteria in the second microbial agent is Mycobacterium (Mycobacterium). The concentration of the bacterial liquid of the second bacterial agent is 1 multiplied by 10 4 ~1×10 6 CFU/mL, preferably 5X 10 4 ~6×10 5 CFU/mL, most preferably 1X 10 5 CFU/mL。
The mycobacteria in the second agent is an aerobic actinomycete, the cell wall of which contains a large amount of lipids, also known as acid fast bacilli, which are resistant to strong acid environments. The mycobacterium can utilize various carbon sources, and can mineralize and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon such as anthracene, phenanthrene and the like under the condition of supplementing a small amount of organic nutrients. In addition, mycobacteria produce arylsulfonases that degrade sulfate functionality in organic malodorous molecules into free phenolphthalein and residual salts.
The inventor finds that the bacillus subtilis, the thiobacillus acidophilus and the mycobacterium are prepared into the composite microbial inoculum according to the concentration and the proportion, and the bacteria can be matched with each other well on the premise of playing the respective functional characteristics, so that the effect of degrading the sulfur simple substance is achieved well.
The biological deodorizing composite bacterial agent can be obtained by separating and purifying in a laboratory and preserving the bacterial strains, and can also be commercial bacterial strains obtained through market purchase.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a biological deodorization composite bacterial agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively fermenting and culturing to obtain mycobacterium culture solution, bacillus subtilis culture solution and thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution.
Mycobacteria can be cultured using modified Gaoshan No. 1 liquid medium. The formula of the improved Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium is as follows: 1g/L of potassium nitrate, 0.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.01g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.5g/L of sodium chloride and 20g/L of soluble starch. As an example, mycobacteria can be fermented as follows: the mycobacterium is transferred to the modified Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium for 14 times so as to carry out enrichment culture, and then the enriched culture bacterial liquid is inoculated into a fermentation tank filled with the modified Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5 percent, and the mycobacterium culture liquid is obtained after the mycobacterium culture is cultured for 0.5 days in the environment with the stirring speed of 190r/min and the temperature of 30 ℃. Of course, the fermentation culture of Mycobacteria can also be referred to other known protocols in the art.
The bacillus subtilis can be cultured by adopting a modified Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium. The formula of the improved Gaoshi No. 2 liquid culture medium is as follows: 42g/L glucose, 14g/L sodium glutamate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5g/L potassium chloride, 1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15mg/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 5mg/L manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.16mg/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, pH7.0. As an example, bacillus subtilis may be fermented as follows: and transferring the bacillus subtilis in the modified Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium for 14 times so as to perform enrichment culture, inoculating the enriched culture bacterial liquid into a fermentation tank filled with the modified Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5%, and culturing for 0.5 days in an environment with a stirring speed of 180r/min and a temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain the bacillus subtilis culture liquid. Of course, the fermentation culture of Bacillus subtilis can also be referred to other known schemes in the art.
The Acidithiobacillus may be cultured in 9K liquid culture medium. The formula of the 9K liquid culture medium is as follows: 3g/L of ammonium sulfate, 0.5g/L of dimethyl hydrogen phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L of potassium chloride, 6.8mg/L of calcium chloride, 6.2mg/L of potassium nitrate, 5g/L of elemental sulfur and 0.2g/L of yeast extract. As an example, the Acidithiobacillus may be subjected to fermentation culture by the following method: the thiobacillus acidophilus is transferred to a 9K liquid culture medium for 14 times so as to carry out enrichment culture, then the bacteria liquid of the enrichment culture is inoculated to a fermentation tank filled with the 9K liquid culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5 percent, and the bacteria liquid is cultured for 4 days in the environment with the stirring speed of 190r/min and the temperature of 40 ℃ so as to obtain the thiobacillus acidophilus culture liquid. Of course, the fermentation culture of thiobacillus acidophilus can also be referred to other known schemes in the art.
(2) And mixing the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution, adding sterilized carbonaceous filler into the obtained mixed bacterial solution, and culturing to obtain the first microbial inoculum.
The added volume ratio of the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the acidophilic thiobacillus culture solution is 70-80% and 20-30%, respectively, and the sum of the two is 100%.
The diameter of the carbon filler is 5-10 mm, the specific surface area>250m 2 And/g, the product has good moisture retention and air permeability, hydrophilic surface, acid corrosion resistance, stable structure and difficult hardening. The sterilization of the carbonaceous filler may be autoclaving. The adding proportion of the carbon filler is that 50-100 g of the carbon filler is added per liter of mixed bacterial liquid.
The culture conditions are preferably the optimal culture conditions of Bacillus subtilis and Thiobacillus acidophilusCulturing until the concentration of bacterial liquid is 1×10 6 ~1×10 9 CFU/mL。
As a preferred example, a pressure of 0.1MPa, i.e., 103.4kPa (1.05 kg/cm) 2 ) Sterilizing the carbonaceous filler under the steam pressure at 121 ℃ for 15-30 min, adding the carbonaceous filler into mixed bacterial liquid (75% bacillus subtilis and 25% thiobacillus acidophilus) according to 50g/L, and culturing for about 2 days in the environment with the stirring speed of 190r/min and the temperature of 35 ℃ until the bacterial liquid concentration in the culture liquid reaches 1 multiplied by 10 7 cfu/mL to obtain the first microbial inoculum.
(3) And adding the sterilized carbonaceous filler into a mycobacterium culture solution, and culturing to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
The diameter of the carbon filler is 5-10 mm, the specific surface area>250m 2 And/g, the product has good moisture retention and air permeability, hydrophilic surface, acid corrosion resistance, stable structure and difficult hardening. The sterilization of the carbonaceous filler may be autoclaving. The adding proportion of the carbonaceous filler is that 50-100 g of the carbonaceous filler is added into each liter of mycobacterium culture solution.
The culture conditions are preferably optimized for Mycobacterium until the concentration of the bacterial liquid is 1×10 4 ~1×10 6 CFU/mL。
As a preferred example, a pressure of 0.1MPa, i.e., 103.4kPa (1.05 kg/cm) 2 ) Sterilizing the carbonaceous filler under steam pressure at 121 deg.c for 15-30 min, adding the carbonaceous filler into the mycobacteria culture liquid in 50g/L, and culturing at 190r/min for 1 day until the concentration of bacterial liquid in the culture liquid reaches 1X 10 5 cfu/mL to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
It should be noted that the sequence of the steps (2) and (3) is not limited in the present invention, and the steps (2) and (3) may be performed simultaneously, and the step (2) is performed before the step (3) is performed, or the step (3) is performed before the step (2) is performed, so long as the subsequent use is not affected.
The biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum can be applied to various biological filters, and the structure of the biological filter can refer to the related scheme in the prior art.
It should be noted that, when the biological deodorization composite microbial agent is specifically used, the specific inoculation positions of the first microbial agent and the second microbial agent need to be determined by combining the positions of the air inlets of the biological filter, and the basic principle is that the first microbial agent should be inoculated on a half-layer of filler close to the air inlets, and the second microbial agent should be inoculated on a half-layer of filler far away from the air inlets.
For the biological filter with the air inlet arranged at the lower part, the application method of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent sequentially comprises the following steps:
step one: the first microbial inoculum is inoculated to the lower half layer of the biological filter near the air inlet side, and the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor.
Specifically, the carbonaceous filler in the first microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed in the lower half layer of the biological filter, bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the carbonaceous filler, and the biological filter is started to operate for 1 to 2 days.
And step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the filler of the biological filter far from the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor.
Specifically, the carbonaceous filler in the second microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed on the upper half layer of the filler of the biological filter far away from the air inlet, the bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the carbonaceous filler, the biological filter is started to operate for 3 to 4 days, and the outlet can reach a stable state.
The application method of the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent comprises the following steps of:
step one, inoculating a first microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor.
Specifically, the carbonaceous filler in the first microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed on the upper half layer of the biological filter, bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the carbonaceous filler, and the biological filter is started to operate for 1 to 2 days.
Step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the lower half layer of the filler of the biological filter, wherein the specific method is to spray the microbial inoculum on the surface of the filler through a peripheral window, and the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor.
Specifically, the carbonaceous filler in the second microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed in the lower half layer of the filler of the biological filter, bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the carbonaceous filler, the biological filter is started to operate for 3 to 4 days, and the outlet can reach a stable state.
According to the high-throughput sequencing result of the 16SrRNA genes on the flora on the packing layers with different heights of the biological deodorization tower with stable operation, the abundance of bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus in the first microbial inoculum is obviously higher on the half packing on the side close to the air inlet than on the half packing on the side far away from the air inlet, and the abundance of the mycobacterium in the second microbial inoculum is opposite. Based on the above, when the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent is used, the first bacterial agent is inoculated to the half layer of the biological filter close to the air inlet, and the second bacterial agent is inoculated to the half layer of the biological filter far from the air inlet.
Examples
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
The formulation of the medium used in the following examples is as follows:
modified Gaoshi No. 1 liquid medium: 1g/L of potassium nitrate, 0.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.01g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.5g/L of sodium chloride, 20g/L of soluble starch and pH7.0. Modified Gaoshi No. 1 solid medium agar 15g/L was added to the modified Gaoshi No. 1 liquid medium.
The modified Gaoshi No. 2 liquid medium includes: 42g/L glucose, 14g/L sodium glutamate, 0.5g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5g/L potassium chloride, 1g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15mg/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 5mg/L manganese sulfate hydrate, 0.16mg/L copper sulfate pentahydrate, pH7.0. The solid culture medium No. 2 is added with 15g/L agar on the basis of the modified liquid culture medium No. 2 Gaoshi.
The 9K liquid medium includes: 3g/L of ammonium sulfate, 0.5g/L of dimethyl hydrogen phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1g/L of potassium chloride, 6.8mg/L of calcium chloride, 6.2mg/L of potassium nitrate, 5g/L of elemental sulfur, 0.2g/L of yeast extract and pH2.0.9K solid Medium agar 15g/L was added on the basis of 9K liquid Medium.
Example 1
Culture and identification of strains (one)
(1) Preparation of initial seed suspension sample
1g of carbon filler is respectively taken on the upper part, the middle part and the bottom of a biological trickling filtration tower bed layer with good running state, and is marked as filler A, filler B and filler C in sequence, the biological trickling filtration tower bed layer is soaked in sterile physiological saline and then is placed in an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic vibration for 10 minutes, and after the large carbon filler is removed by filtration, suspension A, suspension B and suspension C which are rich in deodorizing bacteria are prepared.
(2) Enrichment of bacterial species
And (3) respectively taking the supernatant in the suspension A, B, C in the step (1), and coating the supernatant in the modified Gaoshi No. 1 culture medium, the modified Gaoshi No. 2 culture medium and the 9K culture medium for 3-5d under the culture condition of 30 ℃ and 150r/min. And transferring 5mL of the liquid culture medium into a fresh modified Gaoshi No. 1 culture medium, a modified Gaoshi No. 2 culture medium and a 9K culture medium after 3-5d, culturing for 3-5d under the same culture condition, and transferring for 14 times to obtain enriched bacterial liquid.
(3) Preliminary screening of strains
Inoculating 0.1mL of the enriched bacterial liquid transferred for 14 times in the step (1) on a solid culture medium flat plate, uniformly coating by using a triangular coating rod, culturing in a constant temperature incubator for 2 days, picking differential bacterial colony lines from the flat plate, separating the lines twice to obtain pure bacterial colonies, and numbering.
(4) Compound screening of bacterial
Picking the pure colony in the step (3) and culturing in a liquid culture medium for 48 hours to prepare OD 600 Bacterial suspension with a value of 0.8 (a certain amount of bacterial liquid is taken for centrifugal separation, and washed 2 times with 0.9% physiological saline, and then OD is produced with physiological saline 600 Is a bacterial suspension). Transferring 5mL of the bacterial suspension into a liquid culture medium (modified Gaoshi No. 1 culture medium and modified Gaoshi No. 2 culture medium) containing 5g/L sulfur element5g/L elemental sulfur is added respectively, 5g/L elemental sulfur is not added additionally into a 9K liquid culture medium), 5mL sterilized normal saline is taken and is transferred into a liquid culture medium containing 5g/L elemental sulfur, 4 groups of culture mediums are placed in a culture box at 30 ℃ for culturing for 14 days, and the elemental sulfur concentration and the sulfate ion concentration are measured every day during the culture.
(5) Identification of species
The enriched and purified bacterial liquid is entrusted to Shanghai Maipu biotechnology Co., ltd for identification, pure bacteria enriched and grown in the modified Gao's No. 1 culture medium are identified as Mycobacterium (Mycobacterium), pure bacteria enriched and grown in the modified Gao's No. 2 culture medium are identified as bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), and pure bacterial colony enriched and grown in the 9K culture medium is identified as thiobacillus acidophilus (Sulfobacillus).
3 strains of pure bacteria obtained by screening are stored in a laboratory refrigerator.
(II) Performance detection
(1) Simple substance sulfur removal experiment
The method for measuring the concentration of the elemental sulfur comprises the following steps: the methylene spectrophotometry is based on the principle that sulfide ions and para-amino dimethylaniline generate methylene blue dye in acid solution containing ferric ions, and absorbance measurement is carried out at the wavelength of 665nm, wherein the blue color is in direct proportion to the content of sulfide ions in a water sample.
Sulfate ion concentration determination method: the turbidimetry is based on the principle that sulfate in water reacts with barium ions in an acidic medium to generate barium sulfate suspension crystals, so that the solution is turbid, absorbance measurement is carried out at the wavelength of 410nm, and the turbidity degree is proportional to the concentration of sulfate ions.
The degradation effect of the modified Gao No. 1 culture medium, the modified Gao No. 2 culture medium and the mycobacterium, the bacillus subtilis and the thiobacillus acidophilus enriched in the 9K culture medium in the first part of the step (4) on the elemental sulfur with the initial concentration of 5g/L is shown in the figures 1 and 2. Wherein, fig. 1 is a change curve of the concentration of the elemental sulfur in the process of degrading the elemental sulfur by 3 pure bacteria, and fig. 2 is a change curve of the concentration of sulfate ions in the process of degrading the elemental sulfur by 3 pure bacteria.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, on day 4, the removal efficiencies of Mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and Acidithiobacillus were 62%, 70% and 100% for elemental sulfur at an initial concentration of 5g/L, respectively.
(2) Optimal fermentation conditions
The optimal technological parameters of the fermentation tank culture of 3 pure bacteria are researched by a controlled variable method:
the optimal technological parameters of the mycobacteria fermentation tank culture are stirring speed 190r/min, pH value 6, temperature 30 ℃ and optimal culture time 1 day;
the optimal technological parameters of the bacillus subtilis fermentation tank culture are that the stirring speed is 180r/min, the pH value is 6.5, the temperature is 32 ℃, and the optimal culture time is 1 day;
the optimal technological parameters of the culture of the acidophilic thiobacillus fermenter are the stirring speed of 190r/min, the pH value of 2.0, the temperature of 40 ℃ and the optimal culture time of 5 days.
(3) Growth curve
The method comprises the following steps:
step one, respectively measuring OD corresponding to different time periods of mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus in an improved Gao's No. 1 liquid culture medium, an improved Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium and a 9K liquid culture medium 600 A value;
step two, the OD measured in the step one is measured with physiological saline 600 The concentration gradient of the 3 different bacterial suspensions is 10 -1 And selecting bacterial suspension with proper dilution factor, inoculating 0.1mL of bacterial suspension on a solid culture medium plate, uniformly coating the bacterial suspension with a triangular coating rod, culturing the bacterial suspension in a constant temperature incubator (the stirring speed is 190r/min and the temperature is 32 ℃) for 2 days, selecting plate count capable of separating single bacterial colony, and calculating the bacterial quantity in the original bacterial suspension according to the dilution factor, wherein the unit cfu/mL is the cfu/mL.
The growth curves of the 3 pure bacteria of Mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and Acidithiobacillus are shown in figure 3.
By calculation, bacterial suspension OD 600 At 0.5, the amounts of Mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis and Acidithiobacillus were 4.6X10, respectively 4 CFU/mL、3.8×10 6 CFU/mL、7.3×10 7 CFU/mL。
(4) Mycobacterium secretion arylsulfonase assay
The presence of arylsulfonases was judged by the following experiment: inoculating 5mLOD in modified Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium 600 After 2d incubation at a shaking speed of 190r/min and a temperature of 30℃for 0.5M suspension of Mycobacterium, 5mL of 0.1mol/L sodium carbonate solution and 5mL of 0.2mol/L tripotassium phenolphthalein disulfate trihydrate (CAS No. 62625-16-5) were added, and the solution was seen to change from colorless to red after shaking uniformly. This is because mycobacterial secreted arylsulfonases can degrade sulfate molecules in tripotassium phenolphthalein disulfate trihydrate to free phenolphthalein and residual salts, and the added sodium carbonate reacts with phenolphthalein and produces a readily visible red diazonium reaction.
Preparation of biological deodorization composite bacterial agent
(1) Preparation of a Single Strain
The method comprises the steps of putting an improved Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium into a fermentation tank A, inoculating 5% of a bacterial liquid rich in mycobacterium, which is subjected to primary screening after 14 times of transfer of the improved Gaoshi No. 1 liquid culture medium, and culturing for 0.5d in an environment with the stirring speed of 190r/min and the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a mycobacterium culture solution.
The method comprises the steps of placing an improved Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium in a fermentation tank B, inoculating 5% of bacillus subtilis-enriched bacterial liquid which is subjected to primary screening after 14 times of transfer of the improved Gao's No. 2 liquid culture medium, and culturing for 0.5d in an environment with the stirring speed of 180r/min and the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a bacillus subtilis culture liquid.
And (3) placing a 9K liquid culture medium in a fermentation tank C, inoculating 5% of bacterial liquid which is subjected to primary screening after 14 times of 9K liquid culture medium transfer, and culturing for 4d in an environment with the stirring speed of 190r/min and the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the thiobacillus acidophilus culture liquid.
(2) Preparation of composite microbial inoculum
Respectively adding the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution into a fermentation tank D according to the adding proportion of 75% and 25%, and adding the materials into the fermentation tank D according to the concentration of 50g/L, sterilizing with high pressure steam (103.4 kPa (1.05 kg/cm) 2 ) Carbon filler (diameter 5-10 mm, specific surface) with temperature of 121 deg.C and holding for 15-30 min under steam pressureProduct about 280m 2 Per gram), culturing for 1-2 days at a stirring speed of 190r/min and a temperature of 35 ℃ until the bacterial liquid concentration in the culture solution reaches 1X 10 7 cfu/mL to obtain the first microbial inoculum.
The Mycobacterium broth in fermenter A was subjected to autoclaving (103.4 kPa (1.05 kg/cm) at a pressure of 0.1MPa 2 ) Under the pressure of steam, the temperature in the pot reaches 121 ℃, and the carbon filler (with the diameter of 5-10 mm and the specific surface area of about 280 m) is maintained for 15-30 min 2 Per gram), culturing at stirring speed of 190r/min at 30deg.C for 0.5-1 days until the concentration of bacterial liquid in culture solution reaches 1×10 5 cfu/mL to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
Fourth, experiments on deodorization performance of biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant
Inoculating the first microbial inoculum into a biological filter (L2mXB2mXH3.3m, air volume 2000 m) 3 And/h, the filler height is 1.6m, the retention time t=12s) the lower half layer of the filler, the inoculation amount is a first microbial inoculum containing carbon filler with odor of 2L per ten thousand cubic meters, and the specific method is as follows: the carbonaceous filler in the first microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed in the lower half layer of the biological filter, and the bacterial liquid is uniformly sprayed on the top of the filler. After the inoculation of the first microbial inoculum is completed, the biological filter is started to run for 1-2 days, and then the second microbial inoculum is inoculated.
Inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter filler, wherein the inoculation amount of the second microbial inoculum is 5L of carbon-containing filler with odor per ten thousand cubic meters, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the carbonaceous filler in the second microbial inoculum is uniformly dispersed in the upper half layer of the biological filter, and the bacterial liquid is uniformly sprayed on the top of the filler. After the inoculation of the second microbial inoculum is finished, the biological filter is started to run for 3-4 days, and the outlet can reach a stable state.
The removal of hydrogen sulfide using a blank column as a control is shown in figure 4. As shown in fig. 4, the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent can complete the domestication and the starting of the biological filter for only 4-6 days, 100% removal of hydrogen sulfide is realized, and the natural domestication can achieve the same effect only for 12-14 days.
As can be seen from fig. 4, when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide suddenly increases from below 20ppm to 80-100ppm, the natural domesticated biological tower (i.e., blank tower) is greatly affected by concentration fluctuation, which is shown as exceeding the standard of the outlet hydrogen sulfide; the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent (experimental tower) is basically not influenced by the fluctuation of the concentration of the inlet air hydrogen sulfide, and can still maintain the removal rate of nearly 100 percent. The biological deodorization tower adopting the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent has the capability of resisting high-concentration air inlet fluctuation, strong impact load resistance and stable deodorization performance.
When the inlet air concentration is 80-100ppm, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the outlet of the natural domesticated biological deodorizing tower is 20-40ppm, the deodorizing efficiency is 60-80%, while the experimental tower adopting the biological deodorizing microbial inoculum can still maintain 100% of the deodorizing efficiency, and compared with the natural domesticated and running stable biological filter, the deodorizing efficiency is improved by 20% -40%
(V) experiment on abnormal condition resistance
(1) Resistance to severe cold
The composite microbial inoculum is applied to a biological filter of a sewage treatment plant in winter, data of a certain freezing weather after the composite microbial inoculum runs stably are intercepted and drawn as shown in a figure 5, and the day 11-25 is a subzero cold weather, and as can be seen from the figure 5, the deodorization efficiency of an experimental tower adopting the biological deodorization microbial inoculum can still maintain the removal efficiency of more than 99 percent, and the deodorization efficiency of the biological filter (a natural domestication tower) without inoculating the composite microbial inoculum is greatly influenced by weather.
(2) Resistance to prolonged idle of biological towers
And after the biological filter which is inoculated with the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent and stably operates for 2 months, air and water supply is stopped for 1 month, the biological filter is restarted, and the biological filter can be restored to a stable state only by 2 days.
Example 2
Mycobacterium, bacillus subtilis, and Thiobacillus acidophilus are purchased from Beijing Bai Ou Bo Wei Biotechnology Co., ltd, numbered bio-101896, bio-52790, and bio-67436, respectively.
The enrichment culture method of each strain was the same as "(1) preparation of single strain" in the third section of example 1.
The preparation process of the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
respectively according to bacillus subtilisThe culture solution and the Acidithiobacillus thiobacillus culture solution with the addition ratio of 80 percent and 20 percent are added into a fermentation tank, and the mixture is added according to the concentration of 50g/L and subjected to high-pressure steam sterilization (the pressure of 0.1MPa is 103.4kPa (1.05 kg/cm) 2 ) Under the pressure of steam, the temperature in the pot reaches 121 ℃, and the carbon filler (with the diameter of 5-10 mm and the specific surface area of about 280 m) is maintained for 15-30 min 2 Per gram), culturing for 1-2 days at a stirring speed of 190r/min and a temperature of 35 ℃ until the concentration of bacterial liquid in the culture solution reaches 10 7 cfu/mL to obtain the first microbial inoculum.
In another fermenter, the Mycobacterium broth was added at a concentration of 50g/L and autoclaved (at a pressure of 0.1MPa, 103.4kPa (1.05 kg/cm) 2 ) Under the pressure of steam, the temperature in the pot reaches 121 ℃, and the carbon filler (with the diameter of 5-10 mm and the specific surface area of about 280 m) is maintained for 15-30 min 2 Per gram), culturing for 0.5-1 days at a stirring speed of 190r/min and a temperature of 30deg.C until the concentration of bacterial liquid in the culture solution reaches 10 5 cfu/mL to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
The performance of the biological deodorization composite microbial inoculum obtained in the embodiment is researched according to the method in the embodiment 1, and the result shows that in the embodiment, the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum needs 8-9 days to finish domestication and starting of a biological filter, and the biological deodorization efficiency is improved by 20-30%; compared with a natural domesticated biological deodorization tower, the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum can improve the stability of the deodorization efficiency in northern severe cold regions, the deodorization efficiency of the natural domesticated biological deodorization tower in extremely cold weather is reduced to 20-60% from 100% in a stable state, and the deodorization efficiency of the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum is 70-85%, and is improved by 20-60% compared with the stability of the natural domesticated biological deodorization tower.
Comparative example
Mycobacterium, alicyclic acid Bacillus and acidophilic sulfide are purchased from Beijing Bai Ou Bo Wei Biotechnology Co., ltd, numbered bio-101896, bio-56652 and bio-67436, respectively.
The same culture medium as in example 1 and example 2 was used for Mycobacterium and Acidophilic sulfide.
Alicyclic acid bacillus was cultured in YSG medium (inc. Of microorganism technology, inc. Of guangdong.
The enrichment culture method of each strain and the preparation method of the composite microbial inoculum are basically the same as those of example 1, except that the bacillus subtilis and the corresponding culture medium are replaced with the alicyclic acid bacillus and YSG culture medium.
The deodorizing performance and the abnormal condition resistance performance of the composite microbial inoculum of this comparative example were measured by the method of example 1, and the results are as follows:
the biological deodorization tower needs 10-12 days to finish the domestication of the deodorization microorganisms and the starting of the deodorization tower, and the deodorization efficiency of the biological deodorization tower cannot be maintained to be 100 percent stable when the biological deodorization tower is impacted against high-concentration hydrogen sulfide (from 10-20ppm to 70-100 ppm), and the deodorization efficiency is only 60-80 percent, which is reduced by 20-40 percent compared with the stable state of 100 percent. Compared with a natural domesticated biological deodorization tower, the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum can improve the stability of the deodorization efficiency in northern severe cold regions, the deodorization efficiency of the natural domesticated biological deodorization tower in extremely cold weather is reduced to 20-60% from 100% in a stable state, the deodorization efficiency of the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum is 60-70%, and the efficiency stability of the biological deodorization tower inoculated with the microbial inoculum is only improved by 10-30% compared with that of the biological deodorization tower naturally domesticated.
The foregoing examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting, and any other substitutions, modifications, combinations, alterations, simplifications, etc. which do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The biological deodorizing composite microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising a first microbial inoculum and a second microbial inoculum according to the volume ratio of (1-5): (3-10);
wherein the first microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 6 ~1×10 9 CFU/mL; the second microbial inoculum comprises mycobacterium, and the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 4 ~1×10 6 CFU/mL。
2. The biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the first bacterial agent to the second bacterial agent is (1-2): (5-10), preferably 2:5.
3. The biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial liquid concentration of the first bacterial agent is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU/mL, preferably 1X 10 7 CFU/mL。
4. The biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial liquid concentration of the second bacterial agent is 5×10 4 ~6×10 5 CFU/mL, preferably 1X 10 5 CFU/mL。
5. The biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein in the first bacterial agent, the colony ratio of bacillus subtilis and thiobacillus acidophilus is (7-8): (1 to 5), preferably (7 to 8): (2-3).
6. The method for preparing the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Respectively carrying out fermentation culture to obtain a mycobacterium culture solution, a bacillus subtilis culture solution and a thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution;
(2) Mixing bacillus subtilis culture solution and thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution, adding sterilized carbonaceous filler into the obtained mixed bacterial solution, and culturing to obtain a first microbial inoculum;
(3) And adding the sterilized carbonaceous filler into a mycobacterium culture solution, and culturing to obtain a second microbial inoculum.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the volume percentages of the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution are respectively 70-80% and 20-30%, the sum of the bacillus subtilis culture solution and the thiobacillus acidophilus culture solution is 100%, and the addition ratio of the carbonaceous filler is 50-100 g of the carbonaceous filler per liter of the mixed bacterial solution; in the step (3), the carbon filler is added in a proportion of 50-100 g of carbon filler per liter of mycobacterium culture solution.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the carbonaceous filler has a diameter of 5 to 10mm and a specific surface area of not less than 250m 2 And/g, the surface is hydrophilic.
9. The method for using the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
step one, inoculating a first microbial inoculum to the lower half layer of the biological filter, which is close to the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
preferably, the use method sequentially comprises the following steps:
dispersing a carbon filler in a first microbial inoculum on the lower half layer of the biological filter near the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 1-2 days;
dispersing the carbon filler in the second microbial inoculum on the upper half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 3 to 4 days.
10. The method for using the biological deodorization composite bacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
step one, inoculating a first microbial inoculum to the upper half layer of the biological filter, which is close to the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the first microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
step two, inoculating a second microbial inoculum to the lower half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, wherein the inoculation amount is 3-10L of the second microbial inoculum per ten thousand cubic meters of odor;
preferably, the use method sequentially comprises the following steps:
dispersing a carbon filler in a first microbial inoculum on the upper half layer of the biological filter near the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the first microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 1-2 days;
dispersing the carbon filler in the second microbial inoculum on the lower half layer of the biological filter far away from the air inlet side, spraying bacterial liquid in the second microbial inoculum on the surface of the carbon filler, and starting the biological filter to operate for 3 to 4 days.
CN202310355598.5A 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Biological deodorization composite microbial inoculant and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116574639A (en)

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