CN116573550A - Balance weight grading falling device and tower crane - Google Patents
Balance weight grading falling device and tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN116573550A CN116573550A CN202310384519.3A CN202310384519A CN116573550A CN 116573550 A CN116573550 A CN 116573550A CN 202310384519 A CN202310384519 A CN 202310384519A CN 116573550 A CN116573550 A CN 116573550A
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- grading
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/16—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs supported by columns, e.g. towers having their lower end mounted for slewing movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a balancing weight grading and falling device and a tower crane, wherein the balancing weight grading and falling device comprises a hanging assembly, a balancing weight assembly and a driving mechanism, the hanging assembly comprises a plurality of movable hanging parts which are sequentially arranged at the tail end of a balancing arm, the balancing weight assembly comprises a plurality of balancing weight units which are hung on the plurality of movable hanging parts in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the driving mechanism comprises a grading trigger rod and a traction assembly, the grading trigger rod is movably arranged on the balancing arm corresponding to the hanging assembly and is provided with a trigger part, the traction assembly is connected with a tower body and the grading trigger rod and is used for pulling the grading trigger rod to move according to the lifting state of the lifting arm, so that the trigger part is sequentially butted with at least one movable hanging part in the hanging assembly to unlock the hanging parts of the corresponding balancing weight units one by one, the grading and falling of the balancing weight units are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and particularly relates to a balancing weight grading falling device and a tower crane.
Background
The tower crane may generally include a tower body and a top mount, which may include a boom for lifting a hoist and a counterweight for counterweight to balance the boom moment. In some large-scale tower crane applications, because the hoisted objects are heavy, the weight of the counterweight used for the counterweight at the side of the balance arm is also heavy, when the hoisted objects fall off, a huge overturning moment is generated on the tower body, and strong impact is generated on the tower body, so that the risk of overturning exists in the tower crane, and therefore, the anti-overturning performance of the tower crane under the sudden unloading working condition needs to be fully considered in the design of the tower crane.
The anti-overturning performance of the existing tower crane is improved mainly through the design of an additional anti-overturning device, the anti-overturning device generally plays a role after sudden unloading occurs, and the loading bending moment state is changed through the falling balance weight, so that the anti-overturning purpose is realized. However, the balancing weight is classified and falls off in the overturning prevention process by adopting an electromagnetic or hydraulic mechanism, so that the design cost is increased, and in addition, the working stability of the electromagnetic or hydraulic mechanism cannot be ensured due to the severe working environment of the tower, so that the reliability of an electric hydraulic element is reduced, and the maintenance cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings, the invention provides a balancing weight grading falling-off device and a tower crane, and aims to solve the technical problems that the design cost and the maintenance cost are increased due to the fact that an electromagnetic or hydraulic mechanism is adopted in the existing anti-overturning device.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a balancing weight classification and shedding device, wherein the balancing weight classification and shedding device comprises a hanging assembly, a balancing weight assembly and a driving mechanism; the hanging assembly comprises a plurality of movable hanging parts which are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the balance arm along the length direction of the balance arm; the balancing weight assembly comprises a plurality of balancing weight units which are hung on a plurality of movable hanging pieces in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the driving mechanism comprises a grading trigger rod and a traction assembly, the grading trigger rod is movably arranged on the balance arm corresponding to the hanging assembly and is provided with a trigger part, the traction assembly is connected with the tower body and the grading trigger rod and is used for pulling the grading trigger rod to move according to the lifting state of the crane arm, and the trigger part is sequentially in butt joint with at least one movable hanging piece in the hanging assembly so as to unlock the hanging of the corresponding balance weight units one by one.
In the embodiment of the invention, the grading trigger rod is sequentially recessed at intervals along the length direction to form a plurality of groove parts, the plurality of groove parts are used for being respectively in one-to-one corresponding abutting connection with the plurality of movable hanging parts when the crane boom is in a horizontal state so as to support the hanging of the corresponding counterweight unit, the lengths of the plurality of groove parts are gradually decreased or increased gradually one by one along the pulling direction of the traction assembly, the grading trigger rod is separated from the plurality of groove parts and is convexly formed with a plurality of boss parts serving as trigger parts, and the plurality of boss parts are used for being in one-to-one corresponding abutting connection with the plurality of movable hanging parts when the crane boom is in an upward state so as to drive the plurality of movable hanging parts to outwards move one by one and unlock the hanging of the corresponding counterweight unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the balancing weight grading and falling device further comprises a fixing frame arranged at the tail end of the balancing arm, the movable hanging pieces are arranged on the fixing frame in a deflectable manner, the lower ends of the movable hanging pieces are respectively provided with a hook part for hanging the balancing weight unit, and the upper ends of the movable hanging pieces extend into the space between the grading trigger rod and the balancing weight unit and are respectively used for being in butt joint with corresponding groove parts or boss parts.
In the embodiment of the invention, the upper ends of the movable hanging parts are respectively provided with a guide wheel which is used for being abutted with the groove part or the boss part.
In the embodiment of the invention, the number of the hanging components and the number of the grading trigger rods are two, the two hanging components and the two grading trigger rods are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the balance weight assembly in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the traction component comprises a linkage rod connected with the two grading trigger rods in series, a pull rope connected with the tower body and the linkage rod and a fixed pulley used for tensioning the pull rope.
In the embodiment of the invention, the left side and the right side of the plurality of counterweight units are respectively provided with a step surface which is downwards arranged, the hook parts of the plurality of movable hanging parts of one hanging assembly are hooked on the step surfaces of the left sides of the plurality of counterweight units in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the hook parts of the plurality of movable hanging parts of the other hanging assembly are hooked on the step surfaces of the right sides of the plurality of counterweight units in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fixing frame comprises a first stop rod assembly and a second stop rod assembly which are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the balancing weight assembly, wherein the left sides of the first stop rod assembly and the second stop rod assembly are respectively provided with a first mounting hole, the right sides of the first stop rod assembly and the second stop rod assembly are respectively provided with a second mounting hole, two ends of one grading trigger rod penetrate through the first mounting holes of the first stop rod assembly and the second stop rod assembly in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and two ends of the other grading trigger rod penetrate through the second mounting holes of the first stop rod assembly and the second stop rod assembly in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fixing frame is also provided with a serial rod extending along the length direction of the balance arm, and a plurality of movable hanging pieces of the hanging assembly are sequentially arranged on the serial link rod in a deflectable way at intervals.
In the embodiment of the invention, the movable hanging piece is provided with a deflection hole penetrated by the series rod.
In the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of movable hanging parts comprise pin shaft parts which can be arranged on the corresponding counterweight units in a penetrating way and driving parts which are bent and extended from the outer ends of the pin shaft parts, and the grading trigger rods extend between the counterweight units and the driving parts, so that the driving parts of the plurality of movable hanging parts can be abutted with the corresponding groove parts or the boss parts.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a tower crane, wherein the tower crane comprises the counterweight grading and falling-off device according to the above.
Through the technical scheme, the balancing weight grading and falling device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the balancing weight grading and falling device is used, the plurality of movable hanging pieces of the hanging assembly can correspondingly hang the plurality of balancing weight units of the balancing weight assembly at the tail ends of the balancing arms one by one, the triggering part is formed on the grading triggering rod of the driving mechanism, when the lifting arm is in a lifting state, the traction assembly can follow-up pull the grading triggering rod to move, the lifting degree of the lifting arm is different, and the traction assembly pulls the grading triggering rod to move at different distances, so that the triggering part can be sequentially in butt joint with at least one movable hanging piece of the hanging assembly in the moving process of the grading triggering rod, and the movable hanging pieces can be unlocked one by one to hang the corresponding balancing weight units, so that the grading and falling of the plurality of balancing weight units are realized, the aim of avoiding the occurrence of the tipping risk is fulfilled.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a part of a counterweight-classifying and separating apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a traction assembly mounted to a tower machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a configuration of a hitch assembly and a drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a configuration of a hitch assembly and a stepped toggle lever in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage drop design principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure in which a movable hanging member abuts against a groove portion of a step trigger lever according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 6 from another perspective;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the movable hanging component abutting against the boss part of the grading trigger lever according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Hanging assembly 11 movable hanging piece
12. Hook 13 guide wheel
14. Pin shaft 15 driving part
2. Balance weight assembly 21 balance weight unit
211. Hierarchical trigger lever of round pin dress hole 3
31. Groove portion 32 boss portion
4. Traction assembly 41 linkage rod
42. Fixed pulley of pull rope 43
44. Pull rod 45 steel wire rope
5. First stop rod assembly of fixing frame 51
52. The second stop rod assembly 53 is a series rod
6. Balance arm 7 lifting arm
8. Middle conversion seat 9 tower body
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The counterweight classifying and falling device and the tower crane according to the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a balancing weight classification and shedding device, wherein the balancing weight classification and shedding device comprises:
the hanging assembly 1 comprises a plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 which are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the balance arm 6 along the length direction of the balance arm 6;
the balancing weight assembly 2 includes a plurality of balancing weight units 21 hung on the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 in one-to-one correspondence; and
the driving mechanism comprises a grading trigger rod 3 and a traction component 4, wherein the grading trigger rod 3 is movably arranged on the balance arm 6 corresponding to the hanging component 1 and is provided with a trigger part, the traction component 4 is connected with the tower body 9 and the grading trigger rod 3 and is used for pulling the grading trigger rod 3 to move according to the lifting state of the lifting arm 7, so that the trigger part is sequentially in butt joint with at least one movable hanging piece 11 in the hanging component 1 to unlock the hanging of the corresponding balance weight units 21 one by one.
When the balancing weight grading and falling device is used, as the balancing weight grading and falling device comprises the hanging assembly 1, the balancing weight assembly 2 and the driving mechanism, the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 of the hanging assembly 1 can correspondingly hang the plurality of balancing weight units 21 of the balancing weight assembly 2 at the tail end of the balancing arm 6 one by one, the grading trigger rod 3 of the driving mechanism is provided with the triggering part, when the lifting arm 7 is in the lifting state, the traction assembly 4 can move by pulling the grading trigger rod 3 in a follow-up manner, and the lifting degree of the lifting arm 7 is different, and the traction assembly 4 pulls the grading trigger rod 3 to move by different distances, so that the triggering part can be sequentially in butt joint with at least one movable hanging piece 11 of the hanging assembly 1 in the grading trigger rod 3, and the hanging of the corresponding balancing weight units 21 is unlocked one by one, so that the grading and falling of the plurality of balancing weight units 21 are realized, and the aim of reducing the design and maintenance cost is further achieved by adopting a pure mechanical structure compared with an anti-tipping device adopting an electromagnetic or hydraulic mechanism in the prior art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the stepped trigger lever 3 is sequentially recessed at intervals along the length direction to form a plurality of groove portions 31, the plurality of groove portions 31 are used for respectively abutting against the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner in a horizontal state of the boom 7 so as to stably support the hanging of the corresponding counterweight unit 21, the lengths of the plurality of groove portions 31 are sequentially gradually decreased (as shown in fig. 3 and 4) or increased (not shown) one by one in the pulling direction of the traction assembly 4, the stepped trigger lever 3 is provided with a plurality of boss portions 32 as trigger portions in a protruding manner at intervals of the plurality of groove portions 31, and the plurality of boss portions 32 are used for sequentially abutting against the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner in a raised state of the boom 7 so as to drive the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 to move outwards one by one and unlock the hanging of the corresponding counterweight unit 21. The plurality of movable hanging members 11 can perform one-to-one corresponding triggering by providing the plurality of boss portions 32, so that the moving stroke of the classifying trigger rod 3 can be shortened compared with the case that only one boss portion 32 is provided as the triggering of the hanging unlocking of the plurality of movable hanging members 11, and the invention is not limited to this, and on the premise of meeting the design requirement of classifying dropping, the classifying trigger rod 3 can be provided with one triggering portion.
In addition, when the lengths of the plurality of groove portions 31 are set to decrease one by one in sequence in the pulling direction of the pulling assembly 4, when the pulling assembly 4 pulls the classifying trigger lever 3 to move, the boss portion 32 provided near the boom 7 comes into abutment with the corresponding movable mount 11 for the first time, so that the counterweight unit 21 provided near the boom 7 comes off for the first time, the movable mount 11 provided near the boom 7 becomes the first-stage movable mount 11, and the remaining movable mounts 11 become the second-stage movable mounts 11 in sequence; when the length of a plurality of recess portions 31 is set to progressively increase in proper order one by one along the pulling direction of the pulling assembly 4, then when the pulling assembly 4 pulls the hierarchical trigger lever 3 to move, the boss portion 32 that is set up far away from the jib 7 can reach first and corresponding movable hanging piece 11 butt to make the balancing weight unit 21 that is set up far away from the jib 7 drop first, the movable hanging piece 11 that is set up far away from the jib 7 becomes first-stage movable hanging piece 11, and remaining movable hanging pieces 11 become second-stage movable hanging piece 11 in proper order. Specifically, the number of the balancing weights 21 that can be dropped off in a grading manner may be three, the number of the corresponding movable hanging members 11 is also three, three groove portions 31 are correspondingly formed on the columnar grading trigger rod 3, boss portions 32 are formed between any two adjacent groove portions 31 of the three groove portions 31, boss portions 32 are formed at both ends of the three groove portions 31, and at least four boss portions 32 are present on the grading trigger rod 3.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the balancing weight classification falling device further includes a fixing frame 5 for being disposed at the end of the balancing arm 6, a plurality of movable hanging members 11 are respectively and rotatably disposed on the fixing frame 5, the lower ends of the plurality of movable hanging members 11 are respectively formed with a hook portion 12 for hanging the balancing weight unit 21, and the upper ends thereof respectively extend into between the classification triggering lever 3 and the balancing weight unit 21 and are respectively used for abutting against corresponding groove portions 31 or boss portions 32. That is, each movable hanging member 11 can realize hanging of the counterweight unit 21 through the hook portion 12 at the lower end, and when the boom 7 is kept in the horizontal state, the upper end of the movable hanging member 11 also extends between the classification trigger lever 3 and the counterweight unit 21 and abuts against the groove portion 31, so that stability of hanging of the corresponding counterweight unit 21 by the movable hanging member 11 can be ensured through abutment of the groove portion 31, when the boom 7 is in the raised state, the traction assembly 4 pulls the classification trigger lever 3 to move, and the boss portion 32 moving from the groove portion 31 to the rear side abuts against the upper end of the movable hanging member 11, and due to abrupt change in size from the groove portion 31 to the boss portion 32, the upper end of the movable hanging member 11 deflects inward, and the hook portion 12 at the lower end of the movable hanging member 11 deflects outward, so that the corresponding counterweight unit 21 can be released from the hook restriction of the movable hanging member 11.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the plurality of movable hanging pieces 11 are each provided with a guide wheel 13 for abutting against the groove portion 31 or the boss portion 32. That is, the upper end of the movable hanging piece 11 can be in rolling contact with the groove part 31 or the boss part 32 through the guide wheel 13, so that the smoothness of the movement of the grading trigger rod 3 is ensured, and the abrasion phenomenon of the movable hanging piece 11 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the hanging components 1 and the grading trigger bars 3 may be two, the two hanging components 1 and the two grading trigger bars 3 are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the counterweight assembly 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the traction component 4 includes a linkage bar 41 connecting the two grading trigger bars 3 in series, a pull rope 42 connecting the tower body 9 and the linkage bar 41, and a fixed pulley 43 for tensioning the pull rope 42. That is, the two hanging components 1 can hook the balancing weight component 2 on the left side and the right side of the balancing weight component 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the groove parts 31 of the two grading trigger rods 3 are all used for abutting against the upper ends of the movable hanging parts 11 of the two hanging components 1, so that the stability of hanging the balancing weight component 2 at the tail end of the balancing arm 6 is further ensured. At the same time, the linkage rod 41 can connect two grading trigger rods 3 in series to ensure the moving synchronism of the two grading trigger rods 3.
Specifically, the pull rope 42 may include a pull rod 44 connected to the link rod 41 and a steel wire rope 45 connected to an end of the pull rod 44 away from the link rod 41, where one end of the steel wire rope 45 away from the pull rod 44 is disposed on the tower body 9, the fixed pulley 43 is mounted on the intermediate conversion seat 8 for connecting the boom 7 and the balance arm 6, and the steel wire rope 45 bypasses the fixed pulley 43 and is connected to the pull rod 44, when the boom 7 is lifted, the balance arm 6 swings down, the height of the fixed pulley 43 on the intermediate conversion seat 8 is lifted, and the steel wire rope 45, the pull rod 44, the link rod 41 and the two graded trigger rods 3 are sequentially pulled to move toward the boom 7 (i.e. the traction direction). More specifically, the number of the pull rods 44, the steel wire ropes 45 and the fixed pulleys 43 may be two, the two pull rods 44 are connected to the linkage rod 41 at intervals, the two steel wire ropes 45 are connected to one end of the two pull rods 44 away from the linkage rod 41 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the two fixed pulleys 43 are arranged on the intermediate conversion seat 8 at intervals and are used for tensioning and winding the two steel wire ropes 45 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the left and right sides of the plurality of counterweight units 21 are formed with step surfaces disposed downward, wherein the hook portions 12 of the plurality of movable hanging members 11 of one hanging assembly 1 are hooked on the step surfaces of the left sides of the plurality of counterweight units 21 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the hook portions 12 of the plurality of movable hanging members 11 of the other hanging assembly 1 are hooked on the step surfaces of the right sides of the plurality of counterweight units 21 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The step surface is provided, so that the hook portion 12 is provided as a support plate extending from the lower end of the vertically arranged main plate portion of the movable hanging member 11 toward the counterweight unit 21 in a bending manner, and the upper side surface of the support plate can extend into the lower side of the step surface and support the counterweight unit 21, so that the structure of the hook portion 12 and the counterweight unit 21 is simplified, and the hanging and falling are facilitated.
Further, the balancing weight assembly 2 includes, in addition to the balancing weight unit 21 mounted on the mounting assembly 1, the balancing weight unit 21 fixedly mounted on the fixing frame 5, and in particular, the balancing weight unit 21 fixedly mounted on the fixing frame 5 should be located at an end portion of the balancing weight assembly 2 located away from the boom 7, so that the balancing weight unit 21 at the end portion can apply an upward supporting force to the balancing weight unit 21 mounted on the mounting assembly 1 when the boom 7 is lifted up and the boom 6 is swung down.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing frame 5 includes a first stop lever assembly 51 and a second stop lever assembly 52 that are disposed on both front and rear sides of the balancing weight assembly 2, specifically, the front side of the balancing weight assembly 2 may be defined as a side disposed near the boom 7, the rear side of the balancing weight assembly 2 may be defined as a side disposed far from the boom 7, that is, the first stop lever assembly 51 may stop on the front side of the balancing weight assembly 2, the second stop lever assembly 52 may stop on the rear side of the balancing weight assembly 2, the left sides of the first stop lever assembly 51 and the second stop lever assembly 52 are respectively provided with a first mounting hole, the right sides of the first stop lever assembly 51 and the second stop lever assembly 52 are respectively provided with a second mounting hole, two ends of one of the grading trigger lever 3 are respectively disposed in the first mounting holes of the first stop lever assembly 51 and the second stop lever assembly 52, and two ends of the other grading trigger lever 3 are respectively disposed in the second mounting holes of the first stop lever assembly 51 and the second stop lever assembly 52. The movable arrangement of the two grading trigger rods 3 on the fixing frame 5 can be realized through the arrangement of the first mounting holes and the second mounting holes, so that the assembly and the disassembly are convenient. Further, the first stopper rod assembly 51 includes two first vertical rods disposed on the fixing frame 5 in parallel along the height direction of the balance arm 6, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are formed in one-to-one correspondence in the outer sides of the two first vertical rods, the second stopper rod assembly 52 includes two second vertical rods disposed on the fixing frame 5 in parallel along the height direction of the balance arm 6, and an intermediate rail connecting the two second vertical rods, a counterweight unit 21 disposed far from the boom 7 is fixedly connected with the intermediate rail, and a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are formed in one-to-one correspondence in the outer sides of the two second vertical rods.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing frame 5 is further provided with a serial rod 53 extending along the length direction of the balance arm 6, and the plurality of movable hanging members 11 of the hanging assembly 1 are sequentially and rotatably provided on the serial rod 53 at intervals. The deflectable arrangement of the plurality of movable hanging parts 11 on the fixed frame 5 can be realized simultaneously through the arrangement of the serial link rod 53, and compared with the arrangement of the plurality of movable hanging parts 11 on the fixed frame 5 through different structures, the movable hanging parts 11 are independently and deflectable, thereby achieving the purpose of convenient manufacture and disassembly. Specifically, the number of the serial connection rods 53 is two, one serial connection rod 53 is connected with the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod which are positioned at the left side, and the other serial connection rod 53 is connected with the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod which are positioned at the right side, so that the two hanging components 1 can be installed in a one-to-one correspondence manner on the two serial connection rods 53.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a deflection hole through which the tandem bar 53 passes is formed in the movable mount 11. Specifically, the lower end of the movable hanging piece 11 is bent to form a hook part 12, the upper end is provided with a guide wheel 13, the middle area is penetrated to form a deflection hole, and the movable hanging piece 11 is subjected to bulge thickening treatment at the position where the deflection hole is formed.
Specifically, the design method of the driving mechanism of the hierarchical shedding device can be as follows:
the first step: and designing a grading falling control angle according to the lifting moment.
Taking three-stage separation as an example, the required lifting moment is 0-M 1 When the 1 st-stage counterweight unit is detached; moment of lifting M 1 ～M 2 When the 2 nd-stage counterweight unit is detached; moment of lifting M 2 ～M 3 When the 3 rd-stage counterweight unit is detached.
At the same time, the lifting moment is 0 to M 1 When the level 1 shedding quality is G 1 The falling angle is alpha 1 (initial drop angle) and obtaining a lifting moment M by finite element simulation 1 When the balancing weight unit is dropped, the maximum lifting angle is alpha 1max 。
Moment of lifting M 1 ～M 2 At the time, the quality of 2-grade falling is determined to be G 2 The falling angle is alpha 2 ＝ 1max +Δα (Δα is an angle tolerance, ensuring that the maximum rising angle of the bending moment of the upper stage does not reach the falling angle of the lower stage due to fluctuation or error, leading to early falling), and obtaining the lifting moment of M through finite element simulation 2 When the balancing weight is dropped, the maximum lifting angle is alpha 2max 。
Moment of liftingIs M 2 ～M 3 At the time, the 3-level falling mass is determined to be G 3 The falling angle is alpha 3 ＝ 2max +Δα, and obtaining a lifting moment M by finite element simulation 3 When the balancing weight is dropped, the maximum lifting angle is alpha 3max 。
And a second step of: the design of the driving mechanism of the grading falling device.
When the tower crane is suddenly unloaded, the upper part is lifted upwards around the rear hinge point, and the partial diagram is shown in fig. 2. When different working conditions are suddenly unloaded, the lifting angles of the upper assembly are different due to different falling weights, the falling balance weight units are reasonably classified according to the different lifting angles, and the falling angles of the balance weight units of each level are determined.
When the lifting angle reaches the falling angle, the travel distance of the pull rod can be calculated. When the positions of the plurality of boss parts serving as the triggering parts on the classified triggering rod are designed, the corresponding pull rod travel can be calculated according to different falling angles, for example, when the balance weight assembly is designed to fall off three levels, the falling angles are respectively alpha 1 、α 2 、α 3 When the stroke of the corresponding pull rod is A, the corresponding pull rod stroke can be calculated respectively 1 、A 2 、A 3 . The step trigger rod is driven to move forwards by the pull rod, the position of the boss part on the step trigger rod can be determined according to the stroke of the pull rod, the three-stage falling-off moving process can be shown as shown in fig. 5, the diagram (a) is a structural schematic diagram of stable hanging of the balancing weight unit, the diagram (b) is a structural schematic diagram of falling off of the primary balancing weight unit, the diagram (c) is a structural schematic diagram of falling off of the secondary balancing weight unit, and the diagram (d) is a structural schematic diagram of falling off of the three-stage balancing weight unit. When the lifting angle of the lifting arm reaches the first-stage falling angle alpha 1 When the pull rod drives the grading trigger rod to have a stroke of A 1 At the moment, the boss part jacks up the primary movable hanging piece, so that the movable hanging piece loosens the counterweight unit under the lever action, and the primary counterweight unit falls off. When the lifting angle of the lifting arm reaches the secondary falling angle alpha 2 When the pull rod drives the grading trigger rod to have a stroke of A 2 At the moment, the boss part jacks up the two-stage movable hanging piece, so that the movable hanging piece loosens the counterweight unit under the lever action, and the counterweight unit is solidThe existing secondary balance weight unit falls off; the three-stage counterweight unit and so on.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, in another embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of movable hangers 11 includes a pin shaft portion 14 penetrating through the balance arm 6 and the balance weight unit 21 from outside to inside in order and a driving portion 15 extending from an outer end of the pin shaft portion 14 in a bending manner, and the stage trigger lever 3 extends between the balance weight unit 21 and the driving portion 15 so that the driving portion 15 of the plurality of movable hangers 11 can be abutted with the corresponding groove portion 31 or the boss portion 32. Namely, when the pin shaft portion 14 of the movable hanging member 11 is penetrated through the corresponding counterweight unit 21 and the groove portion 31 of the grading trigger lever 3 is abutted against the driving portion 15 of the movable hanging member 11, the counterweight unit 21 can be stably hung on the movable hanging member 11, and the crane arm 7 is kept in a horizontal state; when the boom 7 is in the raised state, the traction assembly 4 pulls the grading trigger rod 3 to move, the boss portion 32 moving from the groove portion 31 to the rear side is abutted against the driving portion 15 of the movable hanging piece 11, the driving portion 15 can be pushed to drive the pin shaft portion 14 to move due to the abrupt change of the size from the groove portion 31 to the boss portion 32, and when the pin shaft portion 14 moves to be separated from the counterweight unit 21, the counterweight unit 21 is separated from the restriction of the movable hanging piece 11 to be separated. Specifically, the balancing weight unit 21 is formed with a pin mounting hole 211 through which the pin shaft portion 14 passes, the balancing arm 6 is also formed with a third mounting hole which is opposite to the pin mounting hole 211, the pin shaft portion 14 sequentially passes through the third mounting hole and the pin mounting hole 211 from outside to inside, the driving portion 15 is provided with guide wheels 13 which are abutted with the groove portion 31 or the boss portion 32, in addition, the number of the hanging components 1 and the grading trigger rods 3 can be two, the two hanging components 1 and the two grading trigger rods 3 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the balancing weight component 2 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the linkage rod 41 of the traction component 4 is used for serially pulling the two grading trigger rods 3 so as to ensure the moving synchronism of the two grading trigger rods 3.
Specifically, the invention converts different lifting angles into the travel of the pull rod 44 through a mechanical structure based on different lifting angles of the lifting arm 7 caused by sudden unloading under different working conditions, designs the structure of the grading trigger rod 3 according to different travel of the pull rod 44, and realizes the grading falling of different lifting angles by pushing the movable hanging piece 11 of a hook or a pull pin through the grading trigger rod 3.
In addition, the invention also provides a tower crane, wherein the tower crane comprises the balancing weight grading and falling-off device. Because the tower crane adopts all the technical schemes of the above embodiments, the tower crane has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A counterweight stage shedding device, comprising:
the hanging assembly (1) comprises a plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) which are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the balance arm (6) along the length direction of the balance arm (6);
a counterweight group (2) comprising a plurality of counterweight units (21) hung on a plurality of the movable hanging members (11) in a one-to-one correspondence;
the driving mechanism comprises a grading trigger rod (3) and a traction assembly (4), wherein the grading trigger rod (3) is movably arranged on the balance arm (6) corresponding to the hanging assembly (1) and is provided with a trigger part, the traction assembly (4) is connected with the tower body (9) and the grading trigger rod (3) and is used for pulling the grading trigger rod (3) to move according to the lifting state of the crane arm (7), so that the trigger part is sequentially in butt joint with at least one movable hanging piece (11) in the hanging assembly (1) to unlock the corresponding hanging of the balance weight unit (21) one by one.
2. The balancing weight classifying and shedding device according to claim 1, wherein the classifying trigger lever (3) is sequentially recessed at intervals along the length direction to form a plurality of groove parts (31), the plurality of groove parts (31) are used for respectively abutting against the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) in a one-to-one correspondence manner in the horizontal state of the lifting arm (7) so as to support the hanging of the corresponding balancing weight units (21), the lengths of the plurality of groove parts (31) are sequentially reduced or increased one by one along the pulling direction of the traction assembly (4), the classifying trigger lever (3) is provided with a plurality of boss parts (32) serving as the trigger parts in a one-to-one correspondence manner at intervals, and the plurality of boss parts (32) are used for abutting against the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) in the lifting state of the lifting arm (7) so as to drive the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) to move outwards one by one and unlock the hanging of the corresponding balancing weight units (21).
3. Balancing weight classifying and shedding device according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a fixing frame (5) for being arranged at the end of the balancing arm (6), wherein a plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) are arranged on the fixing frame (5) in a deflectable way, and the lower ends of the movable hanging pieces (11) are respectively provided with a hook part (12) for hanging the balancing weight unit (21), and the upper ends of the movable hanging pieces extend into the space between the classifying trigger rod (3) and the balancing weight unit (21) and are respectively used for abutting against the corresponding groove part (31) or the boss part (32).
4. A balancing weight stage shedding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper ends of the movable hanging members (11) are each provided with a guide wheel (13) for abutment with the groove portion (31) or the boss portion (32).
5. A balancing weight classifying and shedding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of the hanging components (1) and the classifying trigger rods (3) is two, the two hanging components (1) and the two classifying trigger rods (3) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the balancing weight component (2) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the traction component (4) comprises a linkage rod (41) connected with the two classifying trigger rods (3) in series, a pull rope (42) connected with a tower body (9) and the linkage rod (41) and a fixed pulley (43) used for tensioning the pull rope (42).
6. The balancing weight classifying and shedding device according to claim 5, wherein the left side and the right side of the plurality of balancing weight units (21) are respectively formed with a step surface which is arranged downwards, the hook parts (12) of the plurality of movable hanging parts (11) of one hanging assembly (1) are hooked on the step surfaces of the left sides of the plurality of balancing weight units (21) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the hook parts (12) of the plurality of movable hanging parts (11) of the other hanging assembly (1) are hooked on the step surfaces of the right sides of the plurality of balancing weight units (21) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
7. The balancing weight grading and falling device according to claim 5, wherein the fixing frame (5) comprises a first stop rod assembly (51) and a second stop rod assembly (52) which are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the balancing weight assembly (2), first mounting holes are correspondingly arranged on the left sides of the first stop rod assembly (51) and the second stop rod assembly (52), second mounting holes are correspondingly arranged on the right sides of the first stop rod assembly (51) and the second stop rod assembly (52), two ends of one grading trigger rod (3) are correspondingly arranged in the first mounting holes of the first stop rod assembly (51) and the second stop rod assembly (52) in a penetrating mode, and two ends of the other grading trigger rod (3) are correspondingly arranged in the second mounting holes of the first stop rod assembly (51) and the second stop rod assembly (52) in a penetrating mode.
8. A balancing weight stage shedding device according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing frame (5) is further provided with a serial rod (53) extending along the length direction of the balancing arm (6), and the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) of the hanging assembly (1) are arranged on the serial rod (53) in a sequential interval and deflectable way.
9. Balancing weight classifying and shedding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) each comprise a pin shaft portion (14) penetrating the corresponding balancing weight unit (21) and a driving portion (15) bending and extending from the outer end of the pin shaft portion (14), and the classifying trigger rod (3) extends between the balancing weight unit (21) and the driving portion (15) so that the driving portion (15) of the plurality of movable hanging pieces (11) can be abutted with the corresponding groove portion (31) or the boss portion (32).
10. A tower crane, characterized in that it comprises a counterweight grading and shedding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310384519.3A CN116573550B (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Balance weight grading falling device and tower crane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310384519.3A CN116573550B (en) | 2023-04-10 | 2023-04-10 | Balance weight grading falling device and tower crane |
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| CN116573550B CN116573550B (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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| CN219885532U (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-10-24 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Balance reuse grading unlocking mechanism and grading falling hanging device |
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| JPH01308576A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-13 | Itaru Abe | Load adjuster for physical training implement |
| JPH11130379A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-05-18 | Mannesmann Ag | Balance mass truck for crane |
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| CN116573550B (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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