CN116557022A - Recovery method based on hot-melt anchor cable for tunnel - Google Patents
Recovery method based on hot-melt anchor cable for tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN116557022A CN116557022A CN202310643428.7A CN202310643428A CN116557022A CN 116557022 A CN116557022 A CN 116557022A CN 202310643428 A CN202310643428 A CN 202310643428A CN 116557022 A CN116557022 A CN 116557022A
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- anchor cable
- cable bundle
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- anchor
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- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 40
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a recycling method of a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel, which comprises the following steps: filling and packaging a hot melt reagent in the shell; mounting a heating assembly to the housing and bringing it into physical contact with the hot melt agent; the shell is clamped to the anchor cable bundle, and the heating assembly is controlled to work through the controller; controlling the heating component to perform physical heating on the hot-melt reagent so as to enable the hot-melt reagent to release chemical reaction heat; the hot melt agent is contacted with the tendon to fuse and recover the tendon by the heat of chemical reaction. Further comprises: installing a monitoring part and a grouting part to the anchor cable bundle; the stress change of the anchor cable bundle is monitored in real time through a strain sensor of the monitoring part; and when the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle is lower than a set threshold value, performing secondary grouting on the anchor cable through the grouting part. The recycling method can realize recycling of the anchor cable and the anchor rod, and can reduce material consumption and engineering cost.
Description
Description of the division
The original foundation of the divisional application is China patent application with the application number of CN 202210362034X and the application date of 2022, 4 and 7, and the name of the patent application is 'an anchor cable recovery device and method based on a hot melt structure'.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, relates to a drilling technology of soil layers or rocks, in particular to a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel and a recycling method of the hot-melt anchor cable for the tunnel.
Background
At present, the anchoring engineering is widely applied to a plurality of neighborhoods such as foundation pits, tunnels, disaster management and the like, after the expected target is reached, some parts in the anchoring engineering, such as anchor ropes and anchor rods at free sections, lose effect, and the parts can be recycled, so that the consumption of materials can be reduced, the construction cost can be reduced, and the resources can be saved.
Therefore, a recyclable anchor cable technology is developed, and after the anchor cable finishes a task, the anchor cable is recycled, so that the problem that the anchor cable exceeds a building red line can be avoided, and the construction cost can be reduced. At present, various recoverable anchor line technologies have been developed. The recyclable anchor cable has the characteristics of safety, rapidness and easy recycling, and the recycled steel strands can be recycled, so that the defects of the early anchor cable technology are overcome.
The hot melt type recovery anchor cable is a common anchor cable form in the technology of recoverable anchor cables, and the principle is that a core is removed by electrifying the hot melt anchor, and a steel strand is pulled out and recovered after the electrifying is completed for a certain time.
The invention patent with publication number CN114754053A provides a low-melting-point alloy anchor bolt intelligent construction system and a using and recycling method thereof, and the scheme provides the low-melting-point alloy anchor bolt intelligent construction system. The outside of the anchor bolt group is connected with a spacer assembly through a thread structure, the spacer assembly is electrically connected with a mobile power supply, and the spacer assembly and the mobile power supply are respectively electrically connected with a control device. And provides a recovery method of the anchor bolt and the low-melting-point alloy, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a spacer assembly on a threaded structure of an anchor bolt;
step 2, rotating the spacer assembly to enable the first electric contact to be connected with the first electric contact plate, and enabling the second electric contact to be connected with the second electric contact plate;
step 3, starting a mobile power supply to supply power to the heating wire by using the control device, and heating the low-melting-point alloy;
step 4, measuring the temperature of the melted low-melting-point alloy by using a temperature sensor, and stopping power supply and heating when the temperature rises to a set heating temperature upper limit value T;
and 5, extracting the anchor bolt with the spacer sleeve assembly from the anchoring hole on the concrete body, and recycling.
Therefore, the invention is to electrify the spacer bush assembly to heat the low melting point alloy wrapping the anchor bolt, and to detect the temperature of the low melting point alloy in real time by using the temperature sensor, so as to extract the anchor bolt in time when the low melting point alloy is melted, thereby achieving the purpose of recycling. However, this invention ignores that the anchoring force of the anchor bolt changes in real time as the anchor bolt moves during the retrieval process. However, the invention does not have a real-time force measuring function, so that when the anchoring force of the anchor bolt changes, the anchoring force level cannot be adjusted by a timely and effective means.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel and a recycling method of the hot-melt anchor cable for the tunnel, and aims to solve at least one or more technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel, comprising:
the hot melting part is provided with a shell which is clamped with the anchor cable bundle, and the shell is packaged with a hot melting reagent which comprises an activating component and a fusing component;
a heating assembly coupled to the housing and in physical contact with the activating component;
a controller for controlling the heating assembly to physically heat the activating component;
wherein,,
in a state in which the heating member is controlled by the controller to perform physical heating on the activation member, the activation member is capable of releasing first chemical reaction heat based on the physical heating and thermally igniting the fusing member through the first chemical reaction heat, the fusing member is burned by the first chemical reaction heat and releases second chemical reaction heat, and the fusing member is capable of thermally fusing the anchor cable harness through the second chemical reaction heat while the fusing member contacts the anchor cable harness.
In the invention, the fusing of the anchor cable bundle is mainly finished by means of high chemical reaction heat generated by the hot-melt reagent, compared with the condition that the anchor cable bundle is continuously heated by the electrified wire to fuse the anchor cable bundle, the hot-melt reagent can release a large amount of heat instantly through oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the anchor cable bundle can be fused in an extremely short time to recover the anchor cable bundle, and the anchor cable bundle can not be fused in a large amount of time when the electrified wire is used for continuously heating the anchor cable bundle like the prior art, so that the anchor cable recovery efficiency is extremely low, and the electrified wire can not be effectively ensured to continuously and stably heat the anchor cable bundle due to the relatively complex running state of the electrified wire in a deep underground space.
Preferably, the heating assembly comprises a signal wire and a heating wire, the signal wire is electrically connected to the heating wire and the controller, wherein at least part of the heating wire is in physical contact with the activating component so as to be capable of igniting the activating component under the driving of the controller, and the heating assembly is provided with heat energy for igniting the fusing component.
Preferably, the hot-melt agent enclosed by the housing comprises a magnesium strip, an ignition agent and a thermite, and the magnesium strip is in direct contact with the heating wire, wherein when the heating wire is controlled to work by the controller, the heating wire transfers heat to the magnesium strip to ignite the magnesium strip, and the magnesium strip burns to ignite the ignition agent and the thermite to enable the thermite to be converted into a molten state through thermite reaction.
Preferably, a sealing plate for encapsulating the hot melt agent is provided on one side of the housing which is clamped to the anchor cable bundle, and when the thermite contacts the ignition agent and is converted to a molten state, the thermite melt sealing plate flows out through the housing to contact and fuse the anchor cable bundle.
Preferably, the hot melt agent is filled into the housing through the agent passage of the housing and the agent passage is plugged by a form-fitting plug, wherein the heating wire is inserted through the plug into the housing and in physical contact with the magnesium strip.
Preferably, the cable bundle is provided with a monitoring part, and the monitoring part at least comprises a strain sensor which is in communication connection with the controller in a mode of monitoring and transmitting stress change data of the cable bundle.
Preferably, the anchor cable bundle is provided with a grouting part, the grouting part is composed of a grouting device and a grouting channel, wherein the grouting channel comprises a plurality of grouting pipes arranged in the anchor cable bundle, and the grouting pipes are connected with the grouting device positioned outside the drill hole.
Preferably, when the controller determines that the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle is lower than the set threshold value based on the stress monitoring data of the strain sensor, secondary grouting is performed to the anchoring section of the anchor cable bundle by the grouting portion.
Preferably, the present invention relates to a method for recycling a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel, the recycling method comprising:
filling and packaging a hot melt reagent in the shell;
mounting a heating assembly to the housing and bringing it into physical contact with the hot melt agent;
the shell is clamped to the anchor cable bundle, and the heating assembly is controlled to work through the controller;
controlling the heating component to perform physical heating on the hot-melt reagent so as to enable the hot-melt reagent to release chemical reaction heat;
the hot melt agent is contacted with the tendon to fuse and recover the tendon by the heat of chemical reaction.
Preferably, the recycling method further comprises:
installing a monitoring part and a grouting part to the anchor cable bundle;
the stress change of the anchor cable bundle is monitored in real time through a strain sensor of the monitoring part;
and when the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle is lower than a set threshold value, performing secondary grouting on the anchor cable through the grouting part.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention include: the controllable hot melting device realizes recycling of the anchor cable and the anchor rod, can reduce material consumption and engineering cost, and has the advantages of simple structure, no need of high-precision processing, low production cost, convenient use and maintenance and high recycling efficiency; the change condition of stress-strain of the anchor cable at the free section is monitored through the monitoring part, the magnitude of the anchoring force can be reflected, and therefore the expected anchoring effect of the anchor cable can be evaluated; if the anchoring engineering does not reach the expected effect, the grouting part can be used for realizing secondary grouting so as to strengthen the anchoring force of the anchor cable; the main parts of the anchor cable are all in modularized and mechanized design, so that the anchor cable is convenient to process and manufacture, the production cost is reduced, the modularized design is simple to assemble and disassemble, and the anchor cable is more rapid to maintain and replace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat fusion portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a heat fusion portion according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a housing of a hot melt portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: an anchor cable bundle; 2: a hot melt section; 3: an anchor section; 4: grouting channels; 5: a controller; 6: a grouting device; 7: drilling an orifice; 8: a strain sensor; 9: a signal line; 10: a signal transmission channel; 11: a heating wire; 12: magnesium strips; 13: a igniting agent; 14: thermite; 15: a sealing plate; 16: a housing; 17: a medicament channel; 18: sealing the plug; 19: gan Youping; 20: potassium permanganate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a hot-melt type anchor cable for a tunnel, which consists of a hot-melt part 2 for anchor cable recovery, a monitoring part for monitoring anchor cable anchoring force and a grouting part for performing secondary grouting on the anchor cable. In particular, the hot melt portion 2, the monitoring portion and the grouting portion are mechanically and/or electrically connected to the anchor line bundle 1 for use with the anchor line.
According to a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the monitoring portion may include a controller 5 and a strain sensor 8 (e.g., a strain gauge), where the strain sensor 8 is signal-connected to the controller 5 through a signal transmission channel 10 (e.g., a signal transmission cable). In particular, during the process of using or recovering the anchor cable, the strain sensor 8 can monitor the stress variation data of the anchor cable bundle 1 in real time, and transmit the stress variation data to the controller 5 through the signal transmission channel 10, and the controller 5 can analyze and calculate the stress variation data of the anchor cable bundle 1, so as to provide data support for the anchoring quality of the anchor cable. In particular, the signal transmission mode of the strain sensor 8 may be not only a wired mode, but also a wireless transmission mode depending on the use situation of the anchor cable.
According to a preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, the grouting part may be constituted by a grouting device 6 and a grouting channel 4. Further, the grouting channel 4 comprises a plurality of grouting pipes arranged in the anchor cable bundle 1, and the grouting channel 4 is connected with a grouting device 6 outside the drill hole 7. In particular, in the process of recovering the anchor cable bundle 1, if the current anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is monitored and determined to be less than the set threshold value by the monitoring unit, the anchoring section 3 of the anchor cable bundle 1 may be secondarily grouted by the grouting portion composed of the grouting device 6 and the grouting channel 4 to raise the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1, particularly the anchoring section 3.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the prior art, when the stress variation of the anchor cable bundle 1 is monitored by the strain sensor 8, the monitoring and transmission frequency of the strain sensor 8 is generally known and fixed, and when the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is abnormally attenuated, the anchoring effect of the anchor cable bundle 1 is greatly reduced or even lost, and the strain sensor 8 usually only sends corresponding monitoring data at a preset sampling node, and the controller 5 also can judge the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 only when receiving the corresponding monitoring data, so that when the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is abnormally varied, a certain hysteresis exists in a conventional monitoring and judging manner, and the hysteresis is extremely unfavorable for reinforcing a stratum by the anchor cable, especially when the delayed transceiving effect is continuously accumulated, the error between the actually obtained variation of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 and the expected variation of the anchor cable bundle is possibly up to several times, especially when the anchor cable bundle 1 is recovered, the attenuation of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle is simultaneously influenced by a grouting part, and the anchoring time is not influenced by the grouting part, even if the grouting is secondarily influenced by the grouting time, and the anchoring time is not prolonged to a certain level, and the anchoring time is not prolonged, and the quality of the anchoring time is not prolonged to the threshold value is not set, and the anchoring time is not prolonged to the threshold value.
According to a preferred embodiment, the sampling period of the strain sensor 8 may be set according to a preset strain amplitude corresponding to the stress variation of the tendon 1, in other words, the time-dependent stress variation information of the tendon 1 is recorded and transmitted via the strain sensor 8 with the preset strain amplitude of the tendon 1 as a start event during retrieval of the tendon 1. Specifically, the preset strain amplitude may be set by an engineering designer according to an engineering experience value or a measurement value based on an engineering simulation experiment, for example, for an anchor soil layer known to a geological environment, attenuation change of the anchor cable bundle 1 may be simulated by software when the anchor cable is recovered from the stratum, and a corresponding change curve of the anchoring force and time may be formed, so that the preset strain amplitude may be set according to a theoretical change trend of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle.
Preferably, the time consumed by each single preset strain amplitude generated by the anchor cable bundle 1 or each single preset strain amplitude reduced by the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is the sampling period of the strain sensor 8, and when the stress change of the anchor cable bundle 1 is accelerated or slowed down, the time consumed by each single preset strain amplitude generated by the anchor cable bundle 1 is also changed. In particular, the ratio of the sampling period of the strain sensor 8 to the preset strain amplitude may be used to characterize the stress change rate of the cable bundle 1, so that the anchoring force attenuation rate of the cable bundle 1 may be known, and the larger the ratio, the slower the anchoring force attenuation rate of the cable bundle 1, that is, the longer the time it takes for each single preset strain amplitude or each reduction of the anchoring force of the cable bundle 1 to occur, and conversely, the smaller the anchoring force attenuation rate of the cable bundle 1, that is, the shorter the time it takes for each single preset strain amplitude or each reduction of the anchoring force of the cable bundle 1 to occur.
According to a preferred embodiment, when the attenuation rate of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is slowed down, the strain sensor 8 can reduce the frequency and the data volume of the monitoring data transmitted to the controller 5, so that on the basis of reducing the data interaction volume, the delay generated in the data transmission interaction process is reduced, so that the analysis and calculation process of the controller 5 on the anchoring force of the anchor rod is more timely and smooth, and particularly, the controller can respond to the change condition of the anchoring force of the anchor rod in time, thereby enhancing the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 through the grouting part in time.
According to a preferred embodiment, as the anchoring force of the tendon 1 is attenuated, the risk associated with the different anchoring force variation zones is different and the corresponding grouting amount is also different. Preferably, the sampling period of the strain sensor 8 is different for different anchoring force variation intervals, and the corresponding preset strain amplitude is also different. Specifically, engineering designers can set different anchoring force change intervals for the anchor cable bundle 1 according to anchoring engineering requirements, and set different preset strain amplitudes for each anchoring force change interval, so as to timely adjust the monitoring frequency of the strain sensor 8 on the anchor cable bundle 1 along with the change of the anchoring force, thereby improving the timeliness of the monitoring of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1.
In particular, as the anchorage force of the anchor cable bundle continuously decays, the possibility of anchor cable failure is greater, so as the anchorage force of the anchor cable Shu Maogu continuously decreases, the preset strain amplitude of the anchor cable bundle 1 can be linearly/non-linearly reduced to shorten the corresponding sampling period, so that the anchorage force monitoring frequency of the strain sensor 8 on the anchor cable bundle 1 is denser, the change of the anchorage force of the anchor cable bundle can be timely known, particularly, in the process of continuously decreasing the anchorage force, the grouting part can be timely started to perform secondary grouting on the anchor cable according to the change of the anchorage force, the attenuation of the anchorage force can be timely dealt with, and the corresponding anchoring effect can be maintained through timely grouting, otherwise, when the anchorage force of the anchor cable bundle is lifted or recovered after grouting, the preset strain amplitude of the anchor cable bundle 1 can be linearly/non-linearly increased along with the lifting of the anchorage force, thereby, in the process of continuously reducing the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle, the sampling period of the strain sensor 8 is shortened to enable the analysis and judgment frequency of the controller 5 on the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle to be more intensive and frequent, so that the attenuation state of the force of the anchor cable Shu Maogu can be timely known, the grouting part is timely started to perform secondary grouting, on the other hand, the monitoring frequency of the strain sensor 8 on the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle can be timely adjusted according to the change of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle, the monitoring frequency of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle is more reasonable and accurate, and especially, for example, in the state of weaker attenuation degree of the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle, frequent monitoring is possibly unnecessary, because the data interaction amount is increased, calculation resources are occupied to generate delay, meanwhile, a certain amount of pseudo data are generated due to excessive data output, the pseudo data influence the analysis and judgment of the controller 5 on the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle, thereby affecting the optimal grouting timing.
According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the hot melt 2 is fastened to the outside of the free section of the cable strand 1, which is provided by a housing 16 as a housing for the entire device and as a carrier for the hot melt components. Further, as shown in fig. 4, the housing 16 is a hollow housing made of ceramic, and the housing 16 is formed by splicing at least two semi-cylindrical housings, each of the two semi-cylindrical housings has a partially recessed engagement portion, and the two engagement portions are combined to form a cylindrical passage for the anchor cable bundle to pass through. Preferably, the ceramic shell 16 has good high temperature resistance, can withstand the ultra-high temperatures generated during the thermite reaction, and is inexpensive in material and simple in manufacturing process.
In particular, when the recovery of the anchor cable bundle 1 is achieved by the hot melt portion 2, the respective hot melt components in the housing 16 are activated by the controller 5 and the signal line 9 connected to the controller 5, and finally the thermit reaction is achieved. Specifically, the environmental temperature generated by the thermite reaction is about 2000 ℃ to 3000 ℃, a large amount of heat generated by the thermite reaction can be used for melting the sealing material for plugging, so that the hot-melt agent sealed in the shell 16 flows out, the hot-melt agent (hot-melt metal) in a molten state can be used for fusing the anchor cable bundle 1 after contacting with the anchor cable bundle 1, or the yield strength of the anchor cable bundle 1 can be greatly reduced by means of the ultrahigh temperature of the hot-melt agent in a molten state so as to facilitate the strong pulling and recycling of the anchor cable bundle 1.
According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a heating wire 11 is connected to a housing 16 of the hot melt portion 2, the heating wire 11 is connected to a signal wire 9, the signal wire 9 is externally connected to the controller 5, and the controller 5 can control the heating wire 11 to operate through the signal wire 9. Further, after the signal line 9 is energized by the controller 5, the heating wire 11 generates a high temperature capable of providing energy for the oxidation reaction of the magnesium strip 12 enclosed in the housing 16 to ignite the magnesium strip 12, and the energy of the combustion of the magnesium strip 12 further ignites the ignition agent 13, the ignition agent 13 contacts the thermite 14 in the housing 16 and activates the thermite 14.
According to a preferred embodiment, after the thermite 14 is activated by the ignition agent 13 at a high temperature, a strong oxidation-reduction reaction, i.e. a thermite reaction, occurs, so that a large amount of heat is released, a molten metal with a temperature of up to 2000 ℃ is formed, after the molten metal formed by the thermite 14 contacts with the sealing plate 15 on one side of the shell 16 close to the anchor cable bundle 1, the sealing plate 15 is melted, so that the molten metal flows out further and contacts with the anchor cable bundle 1, the ultrahigh temperature of the molten metal can fuse the anchor cable bundle 1 or greatly reduce the yield strength of the anchor cable bundle 1, and meanwhile, the anchor cable bundle 1 can be pulled out by matching with tensioning equipment outside the drill hole 7, so that the recovery of the anchor cable bundle 1 is realized.
According to a preferred embodiment, the chemical agent used for the entire thermite reaction is injected into the interior of the housing 16 through the agent passage 17 reserved in the housing 16, and after the chemical agent is filled, the agent passage 17 is plugged by the plug 18, and the heating wire 11 is inserted into the housing 16 through the plug 18 and contacts the magnesium strip 12.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of another preferred construction of the hot melt 2 according to the invention, according to a preferred embodiment. Specifically, the controller 5 is used for electrifying the signal wire 9, the electrified signal wire 9 is used for breaking down the Gan Youping, so that the glycerin in the glycerin bottle 19 reacts with the potassium permanganate 20 pre-sealed in the shell 16 and releases heat, the ignition agent 13 is activated or ignited by the reaction heat of the glycerin and the potassium permanganate 20, the ignition agent 13 further ignites the thermite 14, the thermite 14 is subjected to strong thermite reaction to form molten metal with ultrahigh temperature, and finally the molten metal is contacted with the anchor cable bundle 1 and fused, so that the anchor cable bundle 1 is recovered. In particular, the sealing plate 15 shown in fig. 2 may be made of a thin iron plate or may be replaced by another material having a high strength but not resistant to high temperature, such as PPS.
In order to facilitate understanding, the working principle of the hot-melt anchor cable for tunnels according to the present invention will be described below.
When the recoverable anchor cable based on the hot melt structure is used, the hot melt part 2 is assembled and clamped on the anchor cable bundle 1 in advance, the anchor cable bundle 1 is lowered into the soil to be anchored through the drill hole 7, the stress change of the anchor cable bundle 1 can be monitored in real time through the monitoring part consisting of the strain sensor 8 and the controller 5 in the process of using and recovering the anchor cable bundle 1, and when the corresponding anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle 1 is smaller than the standard threshold value or the design strength, secondary grouting is carried out on the anchoring section 3 of the anchor cable bundle 1 through the grouting part consisting of the grouting device 6 and the grouting channel 4, so that the corresponding anchor cable anchoring force is enhanced or compensated. In particular, when it is desired to recover the anchor cable bundle 1 by means of the hot melt 2, the signal wire 9 connected to the housing 16 can be energized by the controller 5 outside the drill hole 7 to operate the heating wire 11 connected to the signal wire 9. Further, the heating wire 11 is electrified to generate heat to quickly ignite the magnesium strip 12 sealed in the shell 16, the magnesium strip 12 burns to further ignite the ignition agent 13, the ignition agent 13 contacts with the thermite 14 to activate the ignition agent, the thermite 14 undergoes strong oxidation-reduction reaction under the combustion supporting of the ignition agent 13 to release a large amount of heat and form ultra-high temperature molten metal, the molten thermite 14 melts and flows out the sealing plate 15 of the shell 16 and fuses the anchor cable bundle 1 after contacting with the anchor cable bundle 1, and thus the recovery of the anchor cable bundle 1 is realized.
According to a preferred embodiment, the existing hot-melt anchor is usually powered on to remove the core, and after the power on reaches a certain time, the steel strand is pulled out and recovered. However, the existing hot-melt type anchorage device directly heats the hot-melt anchor by means of the electrified wire to detach the core, so that long-time continuous heating is required to be implemented by the electrified wire to fuse the anchor cable bundle 1 before the steel stranded wires reach the corresponding fusing temperature or meet the corresponding recoverable yield strength, and a great deal of time, especially a great deal of preheating preparation time, is consumed in the recovery process of the anchor cable bundle 1; secondly, because the anchor cable bundle 1 is buried in the underground deep space, and the heat transfer effect of the underground soil body is relatively poor, the process of continuously heating the anchor cable bundle 1 for a long time by using the energizing wires may involve the need of continuously outputting stable large current, however, the underground space has more uncertain factors, and because the heat transfer line of the energizing wires is very long, the phenomenon that the heat of the energizing wires cannot be effectively transferred to the anchor cable bundle 1 is likely to occur in the process of continuously heating the anchor cable bundle 1 by using the energizing wires, particularly the phenomenon that the energizing wires in the underground space are extremely easy to fail and damage, and the long-time maintenance of current output is also difficult.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the present example, the energized wires provide only initial heat for activating the corresponding hot melt agent, while the fusing of tendon 1 is accomplished primarily by virtue of the ultra-high temperature during the reaction of the hot melt agent. In particular, when the anchor cable bundle 1 needs to be fused for recycling, the controller 5 can energize the signal wire 9 to enable the heating wire 11 to work, compared with the situation that the heating wire 11 is directly used for conducting continuous physical heat transfer to fuse the anchor cable bundle 1, the heating wire 11 only needs to provide relatively low heat energy enough to ignite the magnesium strip 12, the subsequent fusing of the anchor cable bundle 1 completely depends on the chemical reaction of the hot-melt reagent such as the magnesium strip 12 and the generated chemical reaction heat thereof, so that the consumption and waste of energy can be greatly reduced without continuously providing a large amount of heat energy through the heating wire 11, when the magnesium strip 12 is burnt and the ignition agent 13 is further ignited, the ignition agent 13 is burnt and generates higher energy than the magnesium strip 12 is burnt to enable the thermite 14 to be ignited and form molten metal with ultra-high temperature (up to 2000 ℃ to 3000 ℃) through oxidation-reduction reaction, and the molten metal contacts the anchor cable bundle 1 and fuses, and the fused anchor cable bundle 1 is pulled out by matching with stretching equipment outside the drill hole 7.
Preferably, the whole oxidation-reduction reaction process of the thermite 14 is very rapid and intense, a large amount of heat can be released at the moment of reaction, and compared with the continuous heating of the anchor cable bundle 1 through the power-on wire or the heating wire 11, the thermite 14 can enable the ambient temperature around the anchor cable bundle 1 to reach thousands of degrees celsius at the moment of thermite reaction by itself, so that the whole process of the thermite reaction from the power-on of the heating wire 11 to the thermite 14 can be completely completed in a very short period of time, and therefore, the recycling efficiency of the whole anchor cable is remarkably improved; secondly, the main products of the thermite reaction are various metal oxides, after the anchor cable bundle 1 is melted by the thermite 14, the residual reaction products of the thermite reaction can not form secondary damage to the anchor cable bundle 1, the use of the recovered steel strands can not be influenced, and the metal oxides produced by the thermite reaction can not damage the underground space structure even if the metal oxides are remained in the underground space; in addition, the whole oxidation-reduction reaction process of the thermite 14 is generally known and single, and has good sustainability, compared with the situation that the cable bundle 1 is continuously heated by directly utilizing the electrified wire and the electrified wire is continuously and stably output, once the thermite reaction of the thermite 14 is started, the thermite reaction is hardly interfered or influenced by the surrounding environment, the electrified wire in the complicated and changeable underground space is more easily unstable due to a plurality of uncertain factors, unexpected difficulties and cost are increased for recycling the cable bundle 1, and the cable bundle 1 can be fused instantly by virtue of the thermite reaction of the thermite 14, so that the recycling efficiency of the cable is improved, the possibility of the uncertain factors is greatly reduced, and the recycling stability of the cable is better.
On the other hand, the hot-melt structure of the existing hot-melt anchor is usually designed and used in combination with the main body structure of the anchor cable, so that high design and manufacturing cost is introduced when designing the hot-melt anchor, while in the invention, the main body/carrier of the hot-melt structure is a hollow shell made of ceramic, which can bear the ultrahigh temperature generated during the thermite reaction so as to avoid the molten thermite 14 from flowing wantonly; secondly, the material price of the ceramic shell is very low, and the manufacturing and processing process is simpler, so that the production and processing cost of the whole anchor cable structure is greatly reduced; in addition, the whole design structure of the hot-melt structure is simple, and the structural main body is mainly used as a carrier of the hot-melt reagent, so that the whole structural main body can be adapted to various types of anchor cables or anchor rods through slight modification or adjustment, and the hot-melt part 2 of the invention can be applied to different types of anchors without adding excessive complex structures.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the invention encompasses multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally," all means that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and that the applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. A recycling method of a hot-melt anchor cable for a tunnel is applied to the recyclable hot-melt anchor cable for the tunnel, and is characterized in that:
the anchor cable bundle (1) of the anchor cable is provided with a monitoring part,
the stress change of the anchor cable bundle (1) is monitored in real time through a strain sensor (8) of the monitoring part;
and when the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle (1) is lower than a set threshold value, performing secondary grouting on the anchor cable bundle (1) through the grouting part.
2. The recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
during the recovery of the cable bundle (1), time-dependent stress variation information of the cable bundle (1) is recorded and transmitted via the strain sensor (8) with a preset strain amplitude of the cable bundle (1) as a starting event.
3. The recycling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cable further comprises a hot melt part (2) for cable recycling, the hot melt part (2) having a housing (16) clamped to the cable harness (1), the housing (16) being encapsulated with a hot melt agent, and the hot melt agent comprising an activating component and a fusing component.
4. The method of reclaiming according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable further comprises:
a heating assembly coupled to the housing (16) and in physical contact with the activating component;
-a controller (5) for controlling the heating assembly to physically heat the activating component, the strain sensor (8) being communicatively connected to the controller (5).
5. The recycling method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cable harness (1) is fitted with a grouting section consisting of a grouting device and grouting channels, wherein,
the grouting channel comprises a plurality of grouting pipes which are arranged in the anchor cable bundle, and the grouting pipes are connected with a grouting device positioned outside the drill hole;
and when the controller (5) judges that the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle (1) is lower than a set threshold value based on the stress monitoring data of the strain sensor (8), performing secondary grouting on an anchoring section of the anchor cable bundle through a grouting part.
6. The recycling method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that as the anchoring force of the anchor cable bundle (1) is continuously reduced, the preset strain amplitude of the anchor cable bundle (1) is reduced in a linear/nonlinear manner to shorten the corresponding sampling period, so that the anchoring force monitoring frequency of the strain sensor (8) to the anchor cable bundle (1) is more dense, and the grouting part is started in time to perform secondary grouting.
7. The recycling method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sampling period of the strain sensor (8) is different for different anchoring force variation intervals, the corresponding preset strain amplitude is also different.
8. A recycling method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-set strain amplitude of the tendon (1) is increased in a linear/non-linear manner when the anchoring force of the tendon (1) is raised or restored after grouting.
9. A recycling method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that before the stress monitoring of the tendon (1), it further comprises the steps of:
filling and packaging a hot melt reagent in a shell (16);
mounting a heating assembly to the housing (16) and bringing it into physical contact with the hot melt agent;
the shell (16) is clamped to the anchor cable bundle (1), and the heating assembly is controlled to work through the controller (5);
controlling the heating component to perform physical heating on the hot melt reagent so as to enable the hot melt reagent to release chemical reaction heat;
the hot-melt agent is brought into contact with the anchor cable bundle (1) to fuse and recover the anchor cable bundle (1) by means of the chemical reaction heat.
10. The recycling method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a state in which the heating element is controlled by the controller (5) to perform physical heating on the activation component, the activation component is capable of releasing first chemical reaction heat based on the physical heating and igniting the fusing component by the first chemical reaction heat, the fusing component being burned by the first chemical reaction heat and releasing second chemical reaction heat, so that the fusing component is capable of fusing the anchor cable harness (1) by the second chemical reaction heat when the fusing component contacts the anchor cable harness (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310643428.7A CN116557022A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Recovery method based on hot-melt anchor cable for tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210362034.XA CN114657982B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor cable recycling device and method based on hot melt structure |
| CN202310643428.7A CN116557022A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Recovery method based on hot-melt anchor cable for tunnel |
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| CN202210362034.XA Division CN114657982B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor cable recycling device and method based on hot melt structure |
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| CN116557022A true CN116557022A (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN202310643429.1A Pending CN116498358A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor rope for tunnel based on hot melt structure |
| CN202210362034.XA Active CN114657982B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor cable recycling device and method based on hot melt structure |
| CN202310643428.7A Pending CN116557022A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Recovery method based on hot-melt anchor cable for tunnel |
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| CN202310643429.1A Pending CN116498358A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor rope for tunnel based on hot melt structure |
| CN202210362034.XA Active CN114657982B (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Anchor cable recycling device and method based on hot melt structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CH661079A5 (en) * | 1983-01-13 | 1987-06-30 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING THE FREE PART OF THE TENSION MEMBER OF A PRELOADED PRESSURE ANCHOR. |
| CN204370419U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-06-03 | 姚炳祥 | Removable pressure-type anchor head |
| CN104612733B (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2017-12-19 | 北京中水新能工程技术有限公司 | A kind of anchor pole monitoring device and the anchor pole using the device |
| CN105421451A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-03-23 | 中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司 | Thermite high-temperature fuse and method of recovering anchor cables or anchor rods by adopting thermite high-temperature fuse |
| CN205369244U (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-07-06 | 中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司 | Aluminothermy high temperature fuse |
| CN209741834U (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-12-06 | 中国建筑西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | aluminothermic high-temperature fuse for recovering anchor cable |
| CN215486112U (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-11 | 西南交通大学 | Anchor rod stress automatic monitoring system |
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| CN116498358A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
| CN114657982A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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