CN105421451A - Thermite high-temperature fuse and method of recovering anchor cables or anchor rods by adopting thermite high-temperature fuse - Google Patents
Thermite high-temperature fuse and method of recovering anchor cables or anchor rods by adopting thermite high-temperature fuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105421451A CN105421451A CN201510955174.8A CN201510955174A CN105421451A CN 105421451 A CN105421451 A CN 105421451A CN 201510955174 A CN201510955174 A CN 201510955174A CN 105421451 A CN105421451 A CN 105421451A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- thermite
- aluminothermy
- temperature fuse
- anchor pole
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermite high-temperature fuse and a method of recovering anchor cables or anchor rods by adopting the thermite high-temperature fuse. The thermite high-temperature fuse comprises a thermite fusing cavity, wherein the thermite fusing cavity is defined by an upper disc, a lower disc and a circular pipe side wall; the upper disc and the lower disc are provided with mounting holes in which the anchor cables or the anchor rods are mounted; and the thermite fusing cavity contains thermite and is internally provided with an electronic ignition head for igniting the thermite to fuse the anchor cables or the anchor rods. After the thermite high-temperature fuse is mounted at random positions of the anchor cables or the anchor rods, the effect of recovering the anchor cables or the anchor rods in random bundle numbers, lengths, diameters and positions can be realized; the thermite high-temperature fuse can be used widely; the thermite is adopted in the thermite fusing cavity for reaction, and the ignition temperature of the thermite is high enough to melt the anchor cables or the anchor rods; and the reaction occurs in a soil body of a foundation pit, so that the safety and reliability are ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of civil engineering, particularly relate to a kind of method of aluminothermy high temperature fuse and recovery anchor cable or anchor pole.
Background technology
Along with the construction of Large-sized Communication hydraulic engineering, industrial construction, high level and super highrise building and city underground engineering, a large amount of deep foundation ditchs and ultra-deep foundation pit engineering will be there is.Pile-anchor retaining is common foundation pit supporting system.At present, anchor cable or anchor pole do not reclaim under normal circumstances as temporary supporting structure, a kind of existing anchor recovering method is that directly extract anchor pole during recovery, this method can only reclaim whole anchor pole at the bottom of anchor pole installing anchor head, and extract the very large strength of needs, probably cannot extract, therefore the recycle of anchor pole is not extensive, and most of anchor pole does not reclaim, cause the waste of resource, add cost.
Therefore, design a kind of better roofbolt recovering device and method is necessary, to solve the problem.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides and a kind ofly can reclaim the method for restrainting arbitrarily number, length, position, the anchor cable of diameter or the aluminothermy high temperature fuse of anchor pole and reclaiming anchor cable or anchor pole.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of aluminothermy high temperature fuse, comprise aluminothermy fusing chamber, described aluminothermy fusing chamber is enclosed by upper dish, lower wall and pipe sidewall and is formed, described upper dish and described lower wall are provided with installing hole for installing for anchor cable or anchor pole, in described aluminothermy fusing chamber, there is thermite, electronic ignition head is provided with, for described thermite is lighted a fire, with described anchor cable or the anchor pole of fusing in described aluminothermy fusing chamber.
Further, the installing hole of described upper dish is cylindrical hole, and the installing hole of described lower wall is bellmouth, is provided with intermediate plate in described bellmouth, for fixing described anchor cable or anchor pole.
Further, described upper dish is provided with fixing hole and installs for described electronic ignition head, and one end of described electronic ignition head is stretched in described aluminothermy fusing chamber, and the other end has wire external power supply, and described wire is powered to described electronic ignition head.
Further, described electronic ignition head adds potassium chlorate and magnesium powder as detonator.
Further, be bolted between described upper dish and described lower wall, described upper dish and described lower wall are respectively equipped with draw-in groove, and the two ends up and down of described pipe sidewall snap in described draw-in groove respectively.
Further, described thermite is the mixture of aluminium powder and ferric oxide powder.
Further, the gap between described anchor cable or anchor pole and described electronic ignition head and described upper dish, described lower wall is coated with fluid sealant.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminothermy high temperature fuse to reclaim a method for anchor cable or anchor pole, comprising:
Step one: the position fusion described fuse being installed on described anchor cable or anchor pole;
Step 2: by the anchor hole offered in foundation pit side-wall with the described anchor cable of described fuse or rockbolt installation, described upper dish is positioned near described anchor hole open side, and described lower wall is positioned near bottom side, described anchor hole hole;
Step 3: after described anchor cable or anchor pole are finished using, be energized to described electronic ignition head, described electronic ignition head provides flash point for described thermite, described thermite reacts and produces heat and to fuse described anchor cable or anchor pole, then extract the described anchor cable near described anchor hole open side or anchor pole, complete recovery.
Further, in step one, on described fuse, dish is to the described anchor cable between described anchor hole openend or the sheathed plastic flexible pipe of anchor pole and brush lubrication oil.
Further, described electronic ignition head rear end is connected with wire, and described wire extends to outside described anchor hole openend, and described wire is that described electronic ignition head is powered, and described electronic ignition head initiation current is not less than 0.8 ampere.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts aluminothermy high temperature fuse to be installed on the optional position of anchor cable or anchor pole, can realize restrainting arbitrarily the recovery of number, length, position, diameter anchor cable or anchor pole, can widely use, and adopt thermite to react in aluminothermy fusing chamber, its ignition temperature is higher, be enough to fusing anchor cable or anchor pole, and reaction occurs in soil mass of foundation pit, safe and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aluminothermy high temperature fuse of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of aluminothermy high temperature fuse of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that aluminothermy high temperature fuse of the present invention and anchor cable or anchor pole are loaded in anchor hole;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that aluminothermy high temperature fuse of the present invention reclaims anchor cable or anchor pole;
In figure, 1-upper dish, 2-lower wall, 3-pipe sidewall, 4-aluminothermy fusing chamber, 5-installing hole, 6-fixing hole, 7-intermediate plate, 8-thermite, 9-electronic ignition head, 10-wire, 11-bolt, 12-draw-in groove, 13-anchor cable or anchor pole, 14-anchor hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Need explanation, all directionality instruction (such as up, down, left, right, before and afters in the embodiment of the present invention ...) only for explaining the relative position relation, motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in drawings) between each parts, if when this particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes thereupon.
As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the invention provides a kind of aluminothermy high temperature fuse, for anchor cable or anchor pole 13 being fused, to reclaim anchor cable or anchor pole 13.Fuse comprises aluminothermy fusing chamber 4, is located at the electronic ignition head 9 of aluminothermy fusing side, chamber 4 and is positioned at the thermite 8 in aluminothermy fusing chamber 4.
Aluminothermy fusing chamber 4 is enclosed by upper dish 1, lower wall 2 and pipe sidewall 3 and is formed, upper dish 1 and lower wall 2 are respectively equipped with installing hole 5 for installing for anchor cable or anchor pole 13, the installing hole 5 of upper dish 1 is cylindrical hole, anchor cable or anchor pole 13 can be drawn out of along cylindrical hole, the installing hole 5 of lower wall 2 is bellmouth, intermediate plate 7 is provided with, for fixing described anchor cable or anchor pole 13 in bellmouth.Fixed by bolt 11 between upper dish 1 and lower wall 2, upper dish 1 and lower wall 2 are respectively equipped with draw-in groove 12, and the two ends up and down of pipe sidewall 3 snap in draw-in groove 12 respectively, therefore can ensure dish 1, the steadiness be connected between lower wall 2 with pipe sidewall 3 and sealing.Upper dish 1 is also provided with fixing hole 6 supplied for electronic igniter head 9 to install, in order to ensure sealing, anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and installing hole 5, gap between electronic ignition head 9 and fixing hole 6 are coated with fluid sealant.The thickness of upper dish 1, lower wall 2, cylinder side wall 3 and diameter are determined after can calculating according to the bundle number of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, diameter and pulling force, computational process is: circular wall is considered as axial compression dome-like roof, carries out its axial compression resistance stress checking calculation (σ=N/A < [σ]) and dome-like roof Compression Stability checking computations (carrying out integral yield or local yielding Stability Checking according to its radius-thickness ratio D/t, slenderness ratio L/D).On upper dish 1, lower wall 2, installing hole 5 quantity and diameter can be determined according to the bundle number of anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and diameter.
Electronic ignition head 9 adopts bridge silk, wherein adds potassium chlorate (KClO
3) with magnesium powder (Mg) as detonator, one end of electronic ignition head 9 is stretched in described aluminothermy fusing chamber 4, the other end has wire 10 external power supply, wire 10 is powered to described electronic ignition head 9, the initiation current of electronic ignition head 9 is not less than 0.8 ampere, adopts electric igniter (output voltage is 36V) power supply.
Thermite 8 is positioned in aluminothermy fusing chamber 4, and thermite 9 adopts aluminium powder (Al) and metal oxide ferric oxide powder (Fe
2o
3) mixture, thermit reaction chemical equation is 2Al+Fe
2o
3=Al
2o
3at this ,+2Fe+ heat, illustrates that metal oxide can adopt but be not limited to Fe
2o
3.Thermite 9 consumption can be determined according to the quantity of anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and material property and adjust proportioning, to ensure that the heat produced when there is thermit reaction is enough to fusing anchor cable or anchor pole 13.Thermite Dosage calculation can reach the heat (Energy=SHC × Mass × TempCh and heat=quality × specific heat × variations in temperature) required for its fusing point according to anchor pole (anchor cable) in fusing chamber, then carries out calculating 2Al+Fe according to law of Hess
2o
3=Al
2o
3the reaction heat of+2Fe, Δ H=-1675.7kJ/mol-(-822.1kJ/mol)=-853.6kJ/mol, and determine thermal loss numerical value according to test, finally obtain thermite consumption.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminothermy high temperature fuse to be installed on the optional position of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, can realize restrainting arbitrarily the recovery of number, length, position, diameter anchor cable or anchor pole 13, can widely use.
Adopt above-mentioned aluminothermy high temperature fuse and anchor cable or anchor pole 13 to carry out anchoring and the method for anchor cable or anchor pole 13 of reclaiming as follows:
As Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, first carry out preparation of construction, pit earthwork is excavated to the working platform of the reserved anchor cable of anchor cable or lower 0.3 meter of of anchor pole 13 absolute altitude or anchor pole 13, and width requirement is more than 6.0 meters, and operation platform requires smooth, guarantees that anchor cable or anchor pole 13 are constructed and normally carries out.And reasonable Arrangement construction machinery, transfer pipeline and power circuit position, guarantee " three supplies and one leveling " of construction plant, carry out the mortar mixing system of mortar mixing equipment, mortar storage facilities, slurry delivery equipment composition.
Offer anchor hole 14 at foundation pit side-wall to install for anchor cable or anchor pole 13, through repetition measurement test line location qualified after, jumbolter is adopted to offer anchor hole 14, anchor hole 14 aperture is undertaken by designing requirement, carries out leveling, centering to rig, the one-tenth orifice angle of adjustment rig, not collapse hole necking down is guaranteed in pore forming process, make equipment operation normal, verification run of steel, pore-forming is to projected depth.
Then anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and aluminothermy high temperature fuse are installed, fuse are installed on the position fusion of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, utilize intermediate plate 7 to be fixed on anchor cable or anchor pole 13.To be installed in anchor hole 14 with the anchor cable of fuse or anchor pole 13, upper dish 1 is positioned near anchor hole 14 open side, and lower wall 2 is positioned near bottom side, anchor hole 14 hole.Wherein go up anchor cable between dish 1 to anchor hole 14 orifice end or anchor pole 13 answers sleeving plastic flexible pipe and brushing lubrication oil, antirust with protection against the tide, thus reduce frictional resistance when reclaiming.The wire 10 of electronic ignition head 9 extends to anchor hole 14 orifice end, and for powering to electronic ignition head 9 during to reclaim, electronic ignition head 9 initiation current is not less than 0.8 ampere.Anchor cable or the gap between anchor pole 13 and installing hole 5, gap between electronic ignition head 9 and fixing hole 6 can be coated with fluid sealant, prevent thermite from making moist, affect thermit reaction, cause and reclaim unsuccessfully.If anchor cable or anchor pole 13 need total length to reclaim, fuse is installed on the bottom of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, and be placed at the bottom of anchor hole 14 hole, if do not need total length to reclaim, fuse can be placed in the optional position of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, ensure that on it, dish 1 is positioned near anchor hole 14 open side, lower wall 2 is positioned near bottom side, anchor hole 14 hole.
Settle anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and slip casting, after anchor cable or anchor pole 13 and fuse installation, settle anchor cable or anchor pole 13, and Grouting Pipe is put into anchor hole 14, then slip casting simultaneously, grouting amount, injecting paste material and grouting pressure are undertaken by designing requirement.
Reclaim anchor cable or anchor pole 13, after foundation ditch is used to complete, namely after anchor cable or anchor pole 13 are finished using, (initiation current is not less than 0.8 ampere to adopt electric igniter, output voltage is 36V direct current) to be powered to electronic ignition head 9 by wire 10, electronic ignition head 9 provides flash point for thermite, and thermite 8 reacts and produces heat and to fuse described anchor cable or anchor pole 13, then extract anchor cable or anchor pole 13 in anchor hole 14 openend, complete recovery.
For invention has been aluminothermy fusing test, aluminothermy test is a kind of method utilizing the reproducibility of aluminium to obtain refractory metal simple substance.Simply can think the reaction that aluminium and metal oxide occur under high heat condition.It is an exothermic reaction, releases the reaction that enough heats cause metal oxide and aluminium powder after igniting.Test ginseng table 1:
Table 1 aluminothermy fusing test
Note: 1x7 φ 5 refers to the steel strand of 1 beam diameter 15.2mm (the high tensile steel wire compositions of 7 diameter 5mm); 2x7 φ 5 refers to the steel strand of 2 beam diameter 15.2mm (the high tensile steel wire compositions of 7 diameter 5mm); 1x φ 18 refers to that 1 diameter is the HRB335 screw-thread steel of 18mm.
Test stream line or anchor pole 13 position that fuses be molten condition, can fuse, prove that aluminothermy high temperature fuse blows anchor cable or anchor pole 13 are effectively feasible to reclaim the method for anchor cable or anchor pole 13 when applying pulling force at 10s ~ 17s.
The present invention adopts aluminothermy high temperature fuse to be placed in the optional position of anchor cable or anchor pole 13, and recyclable any bundle number, length, position, diameter anchor cable or anchor pole 13, can be widely used in the recycling of foundation ditch stream line or anchor pole 13, avoid the wasting of resources.In aluminothermy fusing chamber 4, adopt thermite 8 to react, its ignition temperature is higher, is enough to fusing anchor cable or anchor pole 13, and reaction occurs in soil mass of foundation pit, safe and reliable.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an aluminothermy high temperature fuse, it is characterized in that, comprise: aluminothermy fusing chamber, described aluminothermy fusing chamber is enclosed by upper dish, lower wall and pipe sidewall and is formed, described upper dish and described lower wall are provided with installing hole for for anchor cable or anchor pole installing, have thermite, be provided with electronic ignition head in described aluminothermy fusing chamber in described aluminothermy fusing chamber, for described thermite is lighted a fire, with described anchor cable or the anchor pole of fusing.
2. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the installing hole of described upper dish is cylindrical hole, and the installing hole of described lower wall is bellmouth, is provided with intermediate plate in described bellmouth, for fixing described anchor cable or anchor pole.
3. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described upper dish is provided with fixing hole and installs for described electronic ignition head, one end of described electronic ignition head is stretched in described aluminothermy fusing chamber, the other end has wire external power supply, and described wire is powered to described electronic ignition head.
4. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic ignition head adds potassium chlorate and magnesium powder as detonator.
5. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be bolted between described upper dish and described lower wall, described upper dish and described lower wall are respectively equipped with draw-in groove, and the two ends up and down of described pipe sidewall snap in described draw-in groove respectively.
6. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermite is the mixture of aluminium powder and ferric oxide powder.
7. aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gap between described anchor cable or anchor pole and described electronic ignition head and described upper dish, described lower wall is coated with fluid sealant.
8. adopt aluminothermy high temperature fuse according to claim 1 to reclaim a method for anchor cable or anchor pole, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Step one: the position fusion described fuse being installed on described anchor cable or anchor pole;
Step 2: by the anchor hole offered in foundation pit side-wall with the described anchor cable of described fuse or rockbolt installation, described upper dish is positioned near described anchor hole open side, and described lower wall is positioned near bottom side, described anchor hole hole;
Step 3: after described anchor cable or anchor pole are finished using, be energized to described electronic ignition head, described electronic ignition head provides flash point for described thermite, described thermite reacts and produces heat and to fuse described anchor cable or anchor pole, then extract the described anchor cable near described anchor hole open side or anchor pole, complete recovery.
9. the method for recovery anchor cable according to claim 8 or anchor pole, is characterized in that: in step one, and on described fuse, dish is to the described anchor cable between described anchor hole openend or the sheathed plastic flexible pipe of anchor pole and brush lubrication oil.
10. the method for recovery anchor cable according to claim 8 or anchor pole, it is characterized in that: described electronic ignition head rear end is connected with wire, described wire extends to outside described anchor hole openend, described wire is that described electronic ignition head is powered, and described electronic ignition head initiation current is not less than 0.8 ampere.
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CN201510955174.8A CN105421451A (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Thermite high-temperature fuse and method of recovering anchor cables or anchor rods by adopting thermite high-temperature fuse |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107663858A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | The anchor cable and its application method of recovery can be unlocked |
CN111042105A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 青海民族大学 | Collapsible loess foundation ditch antiskid collapse melting lead and aluminum melting plate knot support pile |
CN114657982A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 成都理工大学 | Anchor cable recovery device and method based on hot-melt structure |
CN114657983A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 成都理工大学 | Recyclable intelligent anchoring device and recycling method thereof |
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CN103122633A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2013-05-29 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | Electric smelting type pressure type recyclable anchor rod technology |
CN103821143A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 钟景尧 | Total-recovery pre-stressed anchor rod and manufacturing method thereof |
CN104264670A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Porous electric heating recyclable anchorage device combined type component and construction method using same |
CN205369244U (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-07-06 | 中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司 | Aluminothermy high temperature fuse |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107663858A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | The anchor cable and its application method of recovery can be unlocked |
CN107663858B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2023-07-14 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Anchor cable capable of being unlocked and recycled and application method thereof |
CN111042105A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 青海民族大学 | Collapsible loess foundation ditch antiskid collapse melting lead and aluminum melting plate knot support pile |
CN111042105B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-08-17 | 青海民族大学 | Collapsible loess foundation ditch antiskid collapse melting lead and aluminum melting plate knot support pile |
CN114657982A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 成都理工大学 | Anchor cable recovery device and method based on hot-melt structure |
CN114657983A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 成都理工大学 | Recyclable intelligent anchoring device and recycling method thereof |
CN116220025A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-06-06 | 成都理工大学 | Recoverable anchor rod system |
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Application publication date: 20160323 |