CN116554071A - Akr1c3抑制剂及医药用途 - Google Patents
Akr1c3抑制剂及医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116554071A CN116554071A CN202310332716.0A CN202310332716A CN116554071A CN 116554071 A CN116554071 A CN 116554071A CN 202310332716 A CN202310332716 A CN 202310332716A CN 116554071 A CN116554071 A CN 116554071A
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- substituted
- membered
- aryl
- heteroaryl
- cycloalkyl
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Classifications
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- C07C205/27—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups
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Abstract
本发明提供下式化合物及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的AKR1C3抑制剂及医药用途。
Description
本申请是申请日为2020年6月30日、申请号为CN202080001496.8、发明名称为“AKR1C3抑制剂及医药用途”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及AKR1C3抑制剂以及该抑制剂的医药用途。
背景技术
我公司开发的以高表达醛酮还原酶1C3(AKR1C3)为标靶的DNA烷化剂癌症治疗化合物前药(申请号PCT/US2016/021581,公开号WO2016/145092;申请号PCT/US2016/062114,公开号WO2017/087428)特异性的在体内AKR1C3的作用下发生代谢活化,以其中TH-2870的S构型AST-3424为例:
作为前药形式的以高表达醛酮还原酶AKR1C3为标靶的DNA烷化剂在体内会和AKR1C3结合,然后发生代谢反应,最终产生具有细胞毒性的DNA烷化剂。
发明内容
研发过程中发现对该类化合物进行各个基团取代的尝试时,发现当苯环上硝基对位上的苄基碳原子上连接的不是类似于申请号PCT/US2016/021581,公开号WO2016/145092;申请号PCT/US2016/062114,公开号WO2017/087428;申请号PCT/US2016/025665,公开号WO2016/161342的细胞毒性的烷化剂时,化合物表现出抑制AKR1C3酶活性的能力,为此研发团队设计并合成了一系列新化学结构的AKR1C3抑制剂。
为此本发明提供以下的技术方案。
下式的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物:
其中,R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、芳基或Z取代芳基、杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基;
R3是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R3是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCO-R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR6R7,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
R6和R7各自独立地是氢、氰基或异氰基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者R6、R7基团与其所键结的原子一起形成3-7元杂环基或Z取代3-7元杂环基;
a为0、1、2、3;
X为C、N;
在上述的化学结构式中,R3可以位于苯环或吡啶环的不同原子上,即可以没有R3基团,此时a为0,即苯环或吡啶环上为氢;可以是1个R3基团,此时a为1,即苯环或吡啶环上剩下的2个(此时为吡啶环)或3个(此时为苯环)氢的位置被1个R3基团取代;可以是2个R3基团,此时a为2,即苯环或吡啶环上剩下的2个(此时为吡啶环)或3个(此时为苯环)氢的位置被2个R3基团取代;可以是3个R3基团,此时a为3,即苯环3个氢的位置被3个R3基团取代。
Y为O或者S;
Cx选自C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环以及-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6SO2NR6R7、-COR6、-NR6CONR6R7取代的C6-C10芳基、4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
L选自-O-、-S-、-OCOO-、-NR6CO-、-OCO-、-NR6SO2-、-OCONR6-、季铵根、磺酸酯基-OSO2-;
Cy选自氢、氘、C6-C10芳基或Z取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代C3-C8环烷基;
或
Cy选自
或Cy选自中两个OR6与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中OR6与NR6R7与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中两个NR6R7与P原子所形成5-10元环基团;
并且-L-Cy不包括这些胺基磷酸酯烷化剂的失去H原子后的残基:-P(Z1)(NR9CH2CH2X1)2、-P(Z1)(NR9 2)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)、-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1))2或-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)2,每个R9独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基,或2个R9与其所结合的氮原子一起形成5至7元杂环基,Z1为O或S,且X1为Cl、Br或OMs,-L-Cy也不包括-OH和-SH;
Z取代基为卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C3烷基或取代烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或取代烷氧基、C2-C3烯基或取代烯基、C2-C3炔基或取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或取代环烷基、芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环或取代芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环,取代的方式为单取代或偕二取代;
Cz基团为含有C、P、S的基团且该基团能被水解酶水解而使得对应的C-N,P-N,S-N键断裂。
式I化合物或者其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物,
或
在生物体内能被转化为上述I-3的前药
其中,
R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、芳基或Z取代芳基、杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基;
R3是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R3是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCO-R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR6R7,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
R4、R5各自独立地是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R4、R5是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR7或者R4、R5和与其所键结的苯环上的原子一起形成7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
R6和R7各自独立地是氢、氰基或异氰基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者R6、R7基团与其所键结的原子一起形成3-7元杂环基或Z取代3-7元杂环基;
Y为O或者S;
Cx选自C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环以及-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6SO2NR6R7、-COR6、-NR6CONR7取代的C6-C10芳基、4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
L选自-O-、-S-、-OCOO-、-NR6CO-、-OCO-、-NR6SO2-、-OCONR6-、季铵根、磺酸酯基-OSO2-;
Cy选自氢、氘、C6-C10芳基或Z取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代C3-C8环烷基;
或
Cy选自
或Cy选自中两个OR6与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中OR6与NR6R7与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中两个NR6R7与P原子所形成5-10元环基团;
并且以上H-L-Cy不形成磷酸酯烷化剂;
Z取代基为卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C3烷基或取代烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或取代烷氧基、C2-C3烯基或取代烯基、C2-C3炔基或取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或取代环烷基、芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环或取代芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环,取代的方式为单取代或偕二取代;
Cz基团为含有C、P、S的基团且该基团能被水解酶水解而使得对应的C-N,P-N,S-N键断裂,即Cz为氨基酸残基(-NH-Cz形成氨基酸肽键)、有机羧酸残基(-NH-Cz形成酰胺结构)等。
水解酶在EC编号中分类为EC3,并以它分解的键再细分为几个子类:
EC3.1:酯键(酯酶)
EC3.2:糖(糖基酶)
EC3.3:醚键
EC3.4:肽键(肽酶)
EC3.5:C-N键,但不包括肽键
EC3.6:酸酐
EC3.7:C-C键
EC3.8:卤键
EC3.9:P-N键
EC3.10:S-N键
EC3.11:S-P键
EC3.12:S-S键
EC3.13:C-S键
在人体生理环境中,存在着许多酶能够将上述前药中的-NH-Cz断裂,特别的例如水解酶能够将许多化学键水解而断开,特别是本发明公开化合物的含有C、P、S原子的基团,特别的这些化学键、水解酶包括EC3.4:肽键(肽酶)、EC3.9:P-N键、EC3.10:S-N键,其所对应的化合物包括酰胺类、磷酰胺类、硫代酰胺类。
杂环、杂芳基包括三元环、四元环、五元环、六元环、七元环。以下举例说明。
三元环:环氧乙烷、环氮乙烷、环硫乙烷;
四元环:吖丁啶、噁丁啶、噻丁啶、丁啶;
五元环:吡咯烷、吡咯啉、1-吡咯啉、3-吡咯啉、2-吡咯啉、吡咯、吡唑烷、2-吡唑啉、咪唑、吡唑、呋喃、THF、二氢呋喃、四氢噻吩、噻吩、环丁砜、磷杂茂、噁唑、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、1,3,4-噻二唑;
六元环:哌啶、四氢吡喃、四氢噻喃、吡啶、吡喃、噻喃、二氢吡啶、吗啉、哌嗪、哒嗪、吡嗪、1,3,5-三嗪、1,3,5-三噻烷;
七元环:吖庚烷(氮杂环庚烷)、噁庚烷、噻庚烷、氮杂氧杂硫杂
稠环定义为以上的杂环、杂芳基之间的骈合或者与环烷结构的骈合,骈合可以是通过单键的链接或者是共用一个、两个甚至三个原子的形式,以下给出一些常见的稠环结构:萘、喹啉、吲哚、异吲哚、异喹啉、噌啉、喹喔啉、联苯、香豆素、芴、二苯咔喃、咔唑、蒽、氮蒽、噻吩嗪、金刚烷、薁、菲、蒽醌、黄酮、异黄酮。
显然以上的化合物,其也包括同位素取代化合物,典型的取代方式为氢原子H被重氢原子氘D取代。
特别的,被氘取代的部位位于I式中Ph-C*-上,如下式所示:
进一步的,上述提供的化合物,所述盐为碱式盐或酸式盐。
关于本文所述化合物,所述化合物还包括式I-1至I-5结构盐的形式使用,即本发明提供所示化合物的药学上可接受的盐,所述盐可以为碱式盐,包括所述化合物与无机碱(例如碱金属氢氧化物、碱土金属氢氧化物等)或与有机碱(例如单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺等)形成的盐。或者,所述盐可以为酸式盐,包括所述化合物与无机酸(例如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、高氯酸、硫酸或磷酸等)或与有机酸(例如甲磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、富马酸、草酸、马来酸、柠檬酸等)形成的盐。选择和制备化合物的可接受的盐和溶剂化物等是本领域公知技术。
进一步的,上述提供的化合物,其中,所述溶剂合物为水合物或醇合物。
在药物设计和有机化学这一技术领域,化合物特别是具有较活泼基团的化合物,比如磷酰胺、酰胺、胺、盐或是酯等基团,由于对溶剂,比如水、乙醇等醇类溶剂具有较好的亲和性,经常会出现溶剂和化合物的结合物(典型如水合硫酸铜这类无机盐),特别是当化合物为通过结晶或是沉淀、浓缩等方式自溶剂中得到之固体时,会不可避免的与溶剂因为结合、包裹而得到与溶剂发生结合的溶剂化物。本发明提供的化合物具有磷酰胺、酰胺、羟基等活性基团就,自然也可以通过上述之理由和实际情况而生成对应的溶剂化物。
关于本文所述化合物还可以溶剂合物的形式使用,即本发明提供所示I化合物的药学上可接受的溶剂合物,所述溶剂合物为水合物、醇合物等,醇合物包括乙醇合物。
通过实验已经证实上述化合物I中:
具有AKR1C3酶抑制活性。
文献调研可知,该类化合物在AKR1C3酶作用下发生以下的代谢反应:
上述的I式中的硝基化合物在AKR1C3酶的两次还原过程中会得到
这三种结构的中间体(Roger M.Phillips,Targeting the hypoxic fraction oftumours using hypoxia-activated prodrugs[J].Cancer Chemother Pharmacol(2016)77:441-457.DOI10.1007/s00280-015-2920-7;Baran N,Konopleva M.MolecularPathways:Hypoxia-activated prodrugs in cancer therapy[J].Clinical CancerResearch,2017:clincanres.0895.2016.DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0895;CindyCazares-Isabel M.Pires,I.Diane Swallow,et al.CH-01is a Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug That Sensitizes Cells to Hypoxia/Reoxygenation ThroughInhibition of Chk1 and Aurora A[J].ACS Chem.Biol.2013,8(7):1451.DOI:10.1021/cb4001537;Potent and Highly Selective Hypoxia-Activated AchiralPhosphoramidate Mustards as Anticancer Drugs[J].Journal of MedicinalChemistry,2008,51(8):2412-2420.DOI:10.1021/jm701028q;Jameson M B,Rischin D,Pegram M,et al.Aphase I trial of PR-104,a nitrogen mustard prodrug activatedby both hypoxia and aldo-keto reductase 1C3,in patients with solid tumors[J].Cancer Chemotherapy&Pharmacology,2010,65(4):791-801.DOI:10.1007/s00280-009-1188-1;Hunter F W,Wouters B G,Wilson W R.Hypoxia-activated prodrugs:pathsforward in the era of personalised medicine[J].British Journal of Cancer,2016.DOI:10.1038/bjc.2016.79;Pre-clinical activity of PR-104as monotherapyand in combination with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma[J].CancerBiology&Therapy,2015,16(4):610-622.DOI:10.1080/15384047.2015.1017171),所以这三个中间体(亚硝基、羟胺、胺基)也对应的能发挥和式I中的硝基化合物类似的AKR1C3酶抑制活性。
由于前药
能通过体内的各种酶(酰胺水解酶、磷酰胺水解酶)来水解得到对应的胺形式即I-3,所以前药I-5和I-3类似也能在体内发挥AKR1C3抑制剂的作用。
进一步的,所述R1、R2各自独立地为为氢、氘、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基。
进一步的,其中,所述R1、R2各自独立地为为氢、氘、甲基。
进一步的,其中,R3、R4、R5各自独立地为氢。
进一步的,其中,Cx为-CONR6R7取代的苯基,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环。
进一步的,其中,L选自-O-、-S-。
进一步的,其中,Cy选自C6-C10芳基或卤素取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或卤素取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或卤素取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或卤素取代稠环。
进一步的,其中,Cy选自氟苯基、二氟苯基、三氟苯基。
进一步的,其中,Cy选自 或Z取代的
进一步的,其中,前药
I-5
选自
即此时的前药I-5中Cz为-COR6、-COOR6。进一步的,其中,-NH-Cz为磷酰胺基团。
进一步的,选自以下结构的化合物
其中,所述盐为碱式盐或酸式盐,所述溶剂合物为水合物或醇合物。
文献调研,根据专利文献TW201742868A(公开日2017-12-16,该文献内容也在WO2017202817A1、AU2017269871A1、US20180319807A2、US20170342082A1等文件中公开)公开内容可知:
醛基酮基还原酶族1成员C3(AKR1C3,亦被称作5型17-β-羟基类固醇去氢酶(17-β-HSD5))为酶类之醛/酮基还原酶(AKR)超家族的成员,其将类固醇激素中之醛/酮基还原成对应醇,且因此在雄激素、孕酮、雌激素及及前列腺素的代谢/活化/去活化中起重要作用。
AKR1C3具有3α-HSD(羟基类固醇去氢酶活性)、17β-HSD、20α-HSD及前列腺素(PG)F合成酶活性。其催化雌酮(弱雌激素活性)至雌二醇(强雌激素活性)之转化、孕酮(强抗雌激素活性)至20-α-羟基孕酮(弱抗雌激素活性)之转化及雄烯二酮至睾固酮之转化(LabrieF,Luu-T he V,Labrie C,et al.DHEA and Its Transformation into Androgens andEstrogens in Peripheral Target Tissues:Intracrinology[J].Frontiers inNeuroendocrinology,2001,22(3):185-212.DOI:10.1006/frne.2001.0216)。此外,AKR1C3催化PGH2至PGF2α及PGD2至11β-PGF2之转化,已知两者刺激发炎及增生。
此外,亦已展示AKR1C3使广泛范围之羰基化合物及异生物质(包括临床上投与之蒽环类霉素anthracycline)代谢(Bains O S,Grigliatti T A,Reid R E,etal.Naturally occurring variants of human aldo-keto reductases with reduced invitro metabolism of daunorubicin and doxorubicin.[J].Journal of Pharmacology&Experimental Therapeutics,2010,335(3):533-545.DOI:10.1124/jpet.110.173179;Novotna R,Wsol V,Xiong G,et al.Inactivation of the anticancer drugs doxorubicin and oracin by aldo–keto reductase(AKR)1C3[J].Toxicology Letters,2008,181(1):1-6.DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.06.858;Hofman J,Malcekova B,SkarkaA,et al.Anthracycl ine resistance mediated by reductive metabolism in cancercells:The role of aldo-keto reductase 1C3[J].Toxicology and AppliedPharmacology,2014,278(3):238-248.DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2014.04.027)。
AKR1C3与子宫内膜异位密切相关。AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病包括子宫内膜异位。
子宫内膜异位为主要雌激素相依之慢性发炎疾病,其表征为子宫腔外存在子宫内膜组织。子宫内膜异位之主要症状为慢性骨盆疼痛及低生育力。雌激素(E2)缺乏为用于药理治疗子宫内膜异位之临床上经证实之概念及基础主要作用机制。除全身雌激素含量以外,局部衍生的雌激素促进子宫内膜异位病变之发展的迹象愈来愈多。最近已描述子宫内膜异位病变之高组织内雌激素浓度,其表明在子宫内膜异位中的高局部雌激素合成(Huhtinen K,Desai R,Stahlee M,et al.Endometrial and EndometrioticConcentrations of Estrone and Estradiol Are Determined by Local MetabolismRather than Circulating Levels[J].The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology&Metabolism,2012,97(11):4228-4235.DOI:10.1210/jc.2012-1154)。因此,在子宫内膜异位病变中抑制局部E2之产生被视为用于治疗子宫内膜异位之极具吸引力的作用机制。AKR1C3很大程度上在子宫内膜异位病变中表现,且仅可在卵巢中略微可侦测到(TinaHevir N,Martinaet al.Disturbed estrogen and progesterone action inovarian endometriosis[J].Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2009,301(1):59-64.DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2008.07.020)。在与CYP19A1(芳香酶)协同作用时,预期AKR1C3成为子宫内膜异位病变中之局部E2产生之关键酶,从而产生促雌激素环境,藉此刺激对雌激素敏感的子宫内膜异位细胞之增生。对AKR1C3之抑制应因此使得局部组织内E2含量下降,且藉此使子宫内膜异位病变之增生减少。不预期在卵巢雌激素产生方面之效果,此系因为AKR1C3在卵巢中仅略微表现,且17βHSD1为显性卵巢羟基类固醇去氢酶。
AKR1C3亦为PGF2α合成酶,且除AKR1C3之调升之外,已展示PGF2α之含量在来自患有腹膜子宫内膜异位之女性之正位及异位子宫内膜两者中相比在来自患有卵巢子宫内膜瘤之女性之类似组织中明显更高(Sinreih,Anko M,Kene N H,et al.Expression ofAKR1B1,AKR1C3and other genes of prostaglandin F2αbiosynthesis and action inovarian endometriosis tissue and in model cell lines[J].Chemico-BiologicalInteractions,2015,234(5-6):320-331.DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2014.11.009)。预期子宫内膜异位组织中之PGF2α造成子宫内膜异位患者的发炎、疼痛及增生,且预期在子宫内膜异位病变中表现之AKR1C3造成子宫内膜异位组织中之高局部PGF2α含量。AK R1C3抑制具有藉由局部减少子宫内膜异位组织中之E2、睪固酮及PGF2α含量来缓解子宫内膜异位患者之增生、疼痛及发炎的潜能。
AKR1C3与多囊性卵巢症候群(PCOS)密切相关。AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病包括多囊性卵巢症候群(PCOS)。
PCOS为常见内分泌病症,其影响高达10%的生殖年龄女性。其临床上与无卵性不孕症、功能不良性出血、雄激素过量、高胰岛素血症及抗胰岛素症、肥胖症及代谢症候群相关联(Fang Y.Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome:Mechanismand implications for pathogenesis[J].Endocrine Reviews,1998,18(6):774-800.DOI:10.1210/edrv.18.6.0318)。PCOS之四个主要特征已由雄激素过量学会(AndrogenExcess Society)确认:排卵及月经功能异常、生物化学高雄激素血症、临床雄激素过多症(例如,痤疮、多毛症)及多囊性卵巢症(Azziz R,Carmina E,Dewailly D,Diamanti-Kandarakis E,Escobar-Morreale HF,Futterweit W,et al.Position statement:criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantlyhyperandrogenic syndrome:an Androgen Excess Society.[J].Clin EndocrinolMetab2006;91:4237-45.DOI:10.1055/s-2003-43304)。患有PCOS的绝大部分女性会呈现雄激素过多症之临床症状,例如痤疮、多毛症或主要藉由低生育力或月经过少显现之无排卵(LegroRichard S,Brzyski Robert G,Diamond Michae P,et.al,Letrozole versusClomiphene for Infertility in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome[J].New England Journal of Medicine,2014,371(2):119-129.DOI:10.1056/nejmoa1313517)。患有PCOS的女性易患葡萄糖不耐及代谢症候群(Taponen S,Martikainen H,Jarvelin M R.MetabolicCardio vascular Disease Risk Factors in Women With Self-Reported Symptoms ofOligomenorrhea and/or Hirsutism:Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966Study[J].Journal of Clinical Endocrinology&Met abolism,2004,89(5):2114-8.DOI:10.1210/jc.2003-031720),具有心血管疾病相关联之风险因素及很可能增加的未来心血管事件之风险(Mani H,Levy MJ,Davies MJ,et al.Diabetes and car diovascular events inwomen with polycystic ovary syndrome;a 20-year retrospective cohort study[J].Clin Endocrinol,2013,78(6):926-934.DOI:10.1111/cen.12068)。雄激素过多症、多毛症及/或高雄激素血症为该症候群之关键组成部分,且必选用于诊断PCOS(Azziz R,Carmina E,Dew ailly D,Diamanti-Kandarakis E,Escobar-Morreale HF,Futterweit W,et al.Position statement:criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as apredominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome:an Androgen Excess Society.[J].ClinEndocrinol Metab2006;91:4237-45.DOI:10.1055/s-2003-43304)。虽然血清睪固酮为高雄激素血症之生物化学评估之关键因素,但最近建议将雄烯二酮作为PCOS相关雄激素过量之更可靠标记物,此系因为雄烯二酮在PCOS女性体内高浓度循环(O’Reilly,Micha el W,Taylor A E,Crabtree N J,et al.Hyperandrogenemia predicts metabolic phenotypein poly cystic ovary syndrome:the utility of serum androstenedione[J].TheJournal of Clinical Endocrinol ogy&Metabolism,2014:jc.2013-3399.DOI:10.1210/jc.2013-3399)。PCOS在传统上已被视为卵巢病症(Franks S,Gharani N,Gilling-SmithC.Polycystic ovary syndrome:evidence for a primary disorder of ovariansteroidogenesis[J].Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,1999,69:269-272.DOI:10.1016/s0960-0760(99)00044-8)。然而,对PCOS之卵巢外及肾上腺外雄激素形成增加的关注已突显周围组织的作用,诸如脂肪雄激素形成(Quinkler M,Sinha B,Tom linson JW,Bujalska IJ,Stewart PM,Arlt W(2004)Androgen generationin adipose tissue in women with simple obesity a site-specific role for 17{beta}-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type5.[J].J Endocrinol,2004,183:331-342.DOI:10.1677/joe.1.05762)。AKR1C3为雄激素活化酶,已知其主要系将雄烯二酮转化成睪固酮。已描述PCOS患者之脂肪组织中之AKR1C3的调升,其指示脂肪中之ARK1C3表现明显促进PCOS患者之雄烯二酮的雄激素形成。已另外展示脂肪细胞中之AK R1C3表现藉由胰岛素明显增加,其指示在PCOS中较高的胰岛素能够藉由增加女性皮下脂肪组织中之AKR1C3活性来推进脂肪雄激素形成(O"Reilly M,Gathercole L,Capper F,et al.Effect ofinsulin on AKR1C3 expression in female adipose tissue:in-vivo and in-vitrostudy of adipose androgen generation in polycystic ovary syndrome[J].TheLancet,2015,385:S16.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60331-2)。AKR1C3亦为PGF2α合成酶,且在用于过氧化体增生物活化受体γ(PPARg amma)之内源性配位体的形成中起抑止作用,该过氧化体增生物活化受体γ为胰岛素敏化药物之标靶(Spiegelmanet.al,Diabetes1998,47:507-514.DOI:10.2337/diabetes.47.4.507)。选择性AKR1C3抑制可提供新颖治疗标靶以减小雄激素负担及改良PCOS中之代谢表现型(O"Reilly M,Gathercole L,Capper F,et al.Effect of insulin on AKR1C3 expression in female adiposetissue:in-vivo and in-vitro study of adipose androgen generation inpolycystic ovary syndrome[J].The Lance t,2015,385:S16.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60331-2;Du et.al,J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2009,94(7):2594-2601.DOI:10.1210/jc.2009-0139)。
AKR1C3与癌症密切相关。AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病包括癌症。
AKR1C3在大量癌症中过度表现,该等癌症包括诸如以下之彼等前列腺癌、乳癌、子宫癌、血癌、肺癌、脑癌及肾癌:子宫内膜癌(Rizner TL,Smuc T,Rupreht R,Sinkovec J,Penning TM AKR1C1 and AKR1C3 may determine progesterone and estrogen ratiosin endometrial cancer.[J].Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2005,248(1-2):126-135.DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2005.10.009)、肺癌(Lan Q,Mumford JL,Shen M,Demarini DM,Bonner MR,He X,Yeager M,Welch R,Chanock S,Tian L,Chapman RS,Zheng T,KeohavongP,Caporaso N,Rothman N.Oxidative damage-related genes AKR1C3 and OGG1modulate risks for lung cancer due to exposure to PAH-rich coal combustionemissions.Carcinogenesis.2004,25(11):2177–2181.DOI:10.1093/carcin/bgh240)、非霍奇金淋巴瘤(Lan Q,Zheng T,Shen M,et al.Genetic polymorphisms in theoxidative stress pathway and susceptibility to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.HumGenet.2007;121:161–168.DOI:10.1007/s00439-006-0288-9)、膀胱癌(Figueroa J D,Núria Malats,Montserrat García-Closas,et al.Bladder cancer risk and geneticvariation in AKR1C3 and other metabolizing genes[J].Carcinogenesis,2008,29(10):1955-62..DOI:10.1093/carcin/bgn163)、慢性骨髓白血病(Birtwistle J,Hayden RE,Khanim F L,et al.The aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3 contributes to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-3,4-dihydrodiol mediated oxidative DNA damage inmyeloid cells:Implications for leukemogenesis[J].Mutation Research,2009,662(1-2):67-74.DOI:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.12.010)、肾细胞癌(Azzarello J T,Lin H K,Gherezghiher A,et al.Expression of AKR1C3 in renal cell carcinoma,papillaryurothelial carcinoma,and Wilms'tumor[J].International Journal of Clinical&Experimental Pathology,2010,3(2):147.PMID:20126582)、乳癌(Byrns M C,Duan L,LeeS H,et al.Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 expression in MCF-7 cells reveals roles insteroid hormone and prostaglandin metabolism that may explain its over-expression in breast cancer[J].J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol,2010,118(3):0-187.DOI:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.009),然而其调升与肿瘤侵袭性及攻击性通常相关(Azzarello J T,Lin H K,Gherezghiher A,et al.Expression of AKR1C3 in renalcell carcinoma,papillary urothelial carcinoma,and Wilms'tumor[J].International Journal of Clinical&Experimental Pathology,2010,3(2):147.PMID:20126582;Birtwistle J,Hayden R E,Khanim F L,et al.The aldo-keto reductaseAKR1C3 contributes to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-3,4-dihydrodiol mediatedoxidative DNA damage in myeloid cells:Implications for leukemogenesis[J].Mutation Research,2009,662(1-2):67-74.DOI:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.12.010;Miller et.al,Aldo-keto reductase family 1memberC3(AKR1C3)is expressed inadenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma but not small cell carcinoma.[J].Int.J.Clin.Exp.Path.2012,5:278-289.PMID:22670171)。AKR1C3能够直接将雌酮及孕酮分别还原成17β-雌二醇及20α-羟孕酮,藉此增强此促增生性信号(Smuc,Rizner,Expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and other estrogen-metabolizing enzymes in different cancer cell lines[J].Chem BiolInteract.2009,178:228-33.DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.10.038)。
另外,AKR1C3之前列腺素F合成酶活性催化PGH2至PGF2α及PGD2至11β-PGF2α之转化,已知两者刺激发炎及增生。在缺乏AKR1C3活性之情况下,PGD2(替代转化成PGF2)自发地脱水及重排以形成抗增生性及抗发炎性PGJ2异构体,包括15d-PGJ2。
概言之,AKR1C3增加增生性PGF2异构体并减少抗增生性PGJ2产物,且因此AKR1C3具有影响激素依赖性及激素非依赖性癌症两者之可能性。在乳癌中,假定AKR1C3之作用可产生其活化导致癌细胞存活之前列腺素F2α(PTGFR)配体(Yoda T et.al,11β-Prostaglandin F2α,a bioactive metabolite catalyzed by AKR1C3,stimulatesprostaglandin F receptor and induces slug expression in breast cancer[J].MolCell Endocrinol.15;413:236-247.DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.008)。
AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病特别的包括前列腺癌。AKR1C3之高度表现已与前列腺癌恶化及攻击性相关联(Stanbrough M et.al,Increased expression of genesconverting in androgen-independent prostatecancer[J].Cancer Res2006,66:2815-25.DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-4000;Wako K,Kawasaki T,Yamana K.et al.Expression of androgen receptor through androgen-converting enzymes is associated with biological aggressiveness in prostatecancer.J Clin Pathol.2008Apr;61(4):448–54.DOI:10.1136/jcp.2007.050906)。在激素依赖性前列腺癌中,AKR1C3将雄烯二酮转化成睪固酮,其转而过度活化雄激素受体且促进肿瘤生长(Penning T M,Steckelbroeck S,Bauman D R,et al.Aldo-keto reductase(AKR)1C3:role in prostate disease and the development of specific inhibitors.[J].Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2006,248(1):182-191.DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2005.12.009)。在抗去势性前列腺癌(CRPC)中,瘤内雄激素生物合成中涉及AKR1C3,其分别促进弱雄激素雄烯二酮(A'二酮)至更具活性的雄激素睪固酮及5α-雄固烷二酮(5α-二酮)至DHT之转化(Liu C,Lou W,Zhu Y,et al.Intracrine Androgens and AKR1C3Activation Confer Resistance to Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer[J].CancerResearch,2015,75(7):1413-1422.DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3080;Fung,K-M.Increased expression of type 2 3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/type 5 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(AKR1C3)and its relationship with androgenreceptor in prostate carcinoma[J].Endocrine Related Cancer,2006,13(1):169-180.DOI:10.1677/erc.1.01048)。重要的是,相较于在患有原发性前列腺癌之患者体内,AKR1C3表达在患有CRPC之患者体内展示增加(Stanbrough et.al,Cancer Res 2006,66:2815-2825.DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4000;Hamid AR,Pfeiffer MJ,Verhaegh GW,Schaafsma E,Brandt A,Sweep FC,Sedelaar JP,Schalken JA.Aldo-keto reductasefamily 1member C3(AKR1C3)is a biomarker and therapeutic target forcastration-resistant prostate cancer.Mol.Med.2012;18:1449–1455.DOI:10.2119/molmed.2012.00296;Pfeiffer MJ,Smit FP,Sedelaar JP et al(2011)Steroidogenicenzymes and stem cell markersare upregulated during androgen deprivation inprostate cancer.Mol Med 17:657–664.DOI:10.2119/molmed.2010.00143)。遗传多态性在AKR1C3之AKR1C3基因写码中亦展示为前列腺癌之非依赖性预测子(Yu et.al,PLoSOne2013,8(1):e54627.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0054627)。此外,表明了AKR1C3依赖性雄激素重新合成是对诸如阿比特龙(abiraterone)之CYP17A1抑制剂之潜在抗药机制(Mostaghel et.al,Clin Cancer Res2011,17:5913-5925.DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0728;Cai et.al,Cancer Res2011,71:6503-6513.DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0532)。因此,AKR1C3可为患有CRPC的患者提前具有前景的治疗标靶(Adeniji et.al,JSteroid Biochem Mol Biol2013,137:136-149.DOI:10.1021/jm3017656)。在多中心阶段I/II研究中,对患有转移性抗去势性前列腺癌之患者测试AKR1C3抑制剂。然而,新颖雄激素生物合成抑制剂并未展示对临床活性之相关迹象(Loriot et.al,Invest New Drugs2014,32:995-1004.DOI:10.1007/s10637-014-0101-x)。最新资料指示CRPC中之AKR1C3活化为与抗雄激素(恩杂鲁胺enzalutamide)抗药性相关联之重要抗药机制。相较于在亲代细胞中,雄激素前驱体(诸如,胆固醇、DHEA及孕酮)以及雄激素在抗恩杂鲁胺前列腺癌细胞中可展示高度调升。资料表明AKR1C3抑制路径可充当恩杂鲁胺敏化治疗且对患有抗恩杂鲁胺CRPC之患者有恢复功效(Liu C,Lou W,Zhu Y,et al.Intracrine Androgens and AKR1C3Activation Confer Resistance to Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer[J].CancerResearch,2015,75(7):1413-1422.DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3080)。假定使用AKR1C3抑制剂共同治疗将解决恩杂鲁胺抗性且提高晚期前列腺癌患者之存活期(Thomaet.al,Nature Reviews Urology 2015,12:124.DOI:10.1038/nrurol.2015.23)。
AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病特别的包括抗蒽环类霉素癌。蒽环类霉素(或蒽环类抗生素)为用于癌症化学疗法之一类药物,且衍生自链霉菌细菌波塞链霉菌青灰变种(Fujiwara et.al,Streptomyces bacterium Streptomycespeucetius var.Caesius,Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,1985,3(2):133.DOI:10.3109/07388558509150782)。此等化合物用于治疗许多癌症,包括白血病、淋巴瘤、乳癌、胃癌、子宫癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌及肺癌。蒽环类霉素为曾经所研发之抗癌治疗当中最有效的。然而,用于癌症治疗的蒽环类霉素之临床成果被抗药性弱化。已越来越普遍认可蒽环类霉素至其较弱C13-羟基次级代谢物的较高酶还原构成了引起肿瘤之蒽环类霉素抗性的机制中之一者(Gavelova et.al,2008Chem.Biol.Interact176,9-18.DOI:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.07.011;Heibein et.al,2012BMC Cancer12,381.DOI:10.1186/1471-2407-12-381)。阿霉素之酶代谢是造成在阿霉素化学疗法后观测到的心肌病的原因。已有文献展示诸如阿霉素及道诺霉素(daunorubicin)之临床上投与的蒽环类霉素之代谢中涉及AKR1C3(Novotna et.al,Toxicol.Letter 2008,181:1-6.DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.06.858)。在2012年,亚洲乳癌患者已展示阿霉素药效学与AKR1C3遗传变异体之相关性:一种遗传变异体与较长无进展存活期及在基于阿霉素之疗法之后的整体存活期相关联,从而表明与阿霉素代谢之潜在交互作用(Voon et.al,British J of ClinPharmacology2012,75:1497-1505.DOI:10.1111/bcp.12021)。最近,可证实AKR1C3促进癌细胞对蒽环类霉素治疗之抗性,且因此具有蒽环类霉素的特定AKR1C3抑制剂之伴随投与可为用于成功预防及治疗抗蒽环类霉素抵肿瘤之有效策略(Hofman et.al,Toxicology andApplied Pharmacology2014,278:238-248.DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2014.04.027)。
研究还表明,AKR1C3在食管癌,前列腺癌和非小细胞肺癌的放射治疗抵抗性中起关键作用(Sun et al Overexpression of AKR1C3 significantly enhances humanprostate cancer cells resistance to radiation.Oncotarget.2016Jul26;7(30):48050-48058.DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.10347;Xiong et al.;Elevated Expression ofAKR1C3 Increases Resistance of Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation viaModulation of Oxidative Stress.PLoS ONE 2014 9(11):e111911.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0111911)。使用来自前列腺细胞系DU145及其稳定高表达AKR1C3的相应细胞系(AKR1C3-over)研究了前列腺癌细胞中的AKR1C3抗放射性的作用。吲哚美辛是AKR1C3活性的特异性抑制剂,它可明显增强前列腺细胞对放射治疗的敏感性。研究发现PGF2α不仅可以促进前列腺癌细胞的增殖,还可以增强前列腺癌细胞对辐射的抵抗力。PGF2α在AKR1C3-over细胞中的积累导致激活MAPK通路的激活并抑制PPARγ的表达。同时研究发现AKR1C3高表达可引起NSCL抗辐射性(Xie et al;Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 maybe a newradioresistance marker in non-small-cell lung cancer.Cancer Gene Ther.2013Apr;20(4):260-6.DOI:10.1038/cgt.2013.15)。在A549/R和SPCA1/R细胞中,AKR1C3mRNA和蛋白水平显着上调。A549/R和SPCA1/R中的AKR1C3蛋白水平比敏感型的对照细胞要分别高6.2倍和3.5倍。以上研究表明,降低AKR1C3表达可有效增加NSCLC细胞对放射治疗的敏感性。
AKR1C3表达在抗免疫治疗患者中明显上调。已有文献报导13例接受抗PD-1治疗的肾细胞癌患者中,有4名有反应者(R),9名无反应者(NR);全基因组分析显示234个基因在R与NR中表达具有显著差异。其中之一的显著差异基因是在无反应者中AKR1C3表达明显增高(Ascierto 2015The intratumoral balance between metabolic and immunologic geneexpression is associated with anti-PD-1response in patients with renal cellcarcinoma Cancer Immunol Res 2016 4 726-733,doi:10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0072.)
研究表明联合使用AKR1C3特异性抑制剂和daunorubicin或cytarabine等化疗药物可大幅度增加血癌细胞的杀伤能力(Verma et al,Potent and Highly SelectiveAldo-Keto Reductase 1C3(AKR1C3)Inhibitors Act as ChemotherapeuticPotentiators in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and T-Cell Acute LymphoblasticLeukemia.J.Med.Chem.2019,62,7:3590-3616,DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00090)。
AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病特别的包括异位性皮肤炎。抗原对异位性个体的攻击造成PGD2及组织胺之释放,其展示PGD2几乎不促进人类皮肤之实时过敏反应且PGD2为异位性皮肤炎(AD)中促使皮肤发炎的脂质介体(Barret.al,Br J Pharmacol.1988,94:773-80.PMID:2460180;Satoh et.al,J Immunol.2006,177:2621-9.DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.177.4.2621;Shimura et.al,Am J Pathol.2010,176:227-37.DOI:10.2353/ajpath.2010.090111)。PGD2为相对不稳定的促炎性介体,其自发地转化成强抗炎性介体15d-PGJ2。彼转化藉由PGD2藉AKR1C3至促炎性9α,11β-PGF2之代谢来转移(Mantel et.al,Exp Dermatol.2016,25(1):38-43.DOI:10.1111/exd.12854)。经证实,AKR1C3在人类AD样本中调升,且已假定AKR1C3在皮肤病理学(尤其是异位性皮肤炎)及瘢痕瘤中调节发炎之作用(Mantel et.al,J Invest Dermatol 2012,132(4):1103-1110.DOI:10.1038/jid.2011.412;Mantel et.al,Exp Dermatol.2016,25(1):38-43.DOI:10.1111/exd.12854)。AKR1C3抑制可为用于治疗AD及瘢痕瘤之新颖选项。
AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病特别的包括发炎。前列腺素生物合成中涉及AKR1C3,其催化PGH2至PGF2α及PGD2至11β-PGF2之转化。已假定AKR1C3之表现及调升藉由直接引起9α,11β-PGF2合成速率提高以及转移强抗炎性介体15d-PGJ2之自发性产生来支援发炎(Mantel et.al,J Invest Dermatol2012,132(4):1103-1110.DOI:10.1038/jid.2011.412)。亦已在HL-60细胞中(Desmond et.al,Cancer Res2003,63:505-512.PubMed:12543809)及MCF-7细胞中(Byrns et.al,J Steroid BiochemMol Biol 2010,118:177-187.DOI:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.009)涉及AKR1C3之此功能。假定对AKR1C3之抑制增加15d-PGJ2(抗炎性脂质),其主要经由过氧化体增殖剂活化受体γ(PPAR-γ)之活化及/或对在免疫细胞中传信之NF-κB之抑制直接调节其作用(Maggiet.al,Diabetes 2000,49:346-355.DOI:10.2337/diabetes.49.3.346;Scher et.al,Clinical Immunology 2005,114:100-109.DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2004.09.008)。先前资料已展示PPAR-γ活化减轻小鼠之皮肤及肺脏中之过敏原诱发性发炎(Ward et.al,Carcinogenesis.2006,27(5):1074-80.DOI:10.1093/carcin/bgi329;Dahten et.al,JInvest Dermatol.2008,128(9):2211-8.DOI:10.1038/jid.2008.84)。此表明AKR1C3抑制在抑制发炎方面之作用。
AKR1C3对若干病理性病状/疾病起作用,这些病理性病状/疾病包括其他疾病。此外,AKR1C3抑制剂具有用于治疗以下之潜能:前列腺增生(Roberts et.al,Prostate 2006,66(4),392-404.DOI:10.1002/pros.20362)、脱发(L.Colombe et.al,Exp Dermatol 2007,16(9),762-769.DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00639.x)、肥胖症(P.A.Svenssonet.al,Cell Mol Biol Lett 2008,13(4),599-613.DOI:10.2478/s11658-008-0025-6)、过早性成熟(C.He,Hum Genet 2010,128(5),515-527.DOI:10.1007/s00439-010-0878-4.)及慢性阻塞性肺病(S.Pierrou,Am J Respir Crit Care2007,175(6),577-586.DOI:10.1164/rccm.200607-931OC)。
现已发现本发明之化合物具有抑制AKR1C3活性的效果,因此可用于治疗或预防AKR1C3相关病症,诸如妇科病症(特定言之,子宫内膜异位相关及多囊性卵巢症候群相关妇科病症)、病状及疾病,代谢病症,过度增生性病症、病状及疾病,及发炎病症以及其他相关疾病或病症。
基于此,还提供以下医药用途相关的技术方案。
含有上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的药品。
所述药品为预防或治疗与AKR1C3抑制剂相关的疾病的药品。
进一步的,所述药品用于预防或治疗疾病/病症,所述疾病/病症包括子宫内膜异位症、子宫平滑肌瘤、子宫出血性病症、痛经、前列腺增生、痤疮、皮脂溢、脱发、过早性成熟、多囊卵巢综合征、慢性阻塞性肺病COPD、肥胖、炎性疼痛或癌症或炎症或癌性疼痛。
更进一步,所述癌症包括前列腺癌、原发性前列腺癌、晚期前列腺癌、转移性前列腺癌、激素原初前列腺癌,难治性前列腺癌或去势抗性前列腺癌CRPC和乳腺癌、肺癌、子宫内膜癌、肾细胞癌、膀胱癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤以及急性髓性白血病AML、T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病T-ALL、白血病。
上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物在制备治疗活预防相关疾病/病症的药品中的用途,所述疾病/病症包括子宫内膜异位症、子宫平滑肌瘤、子宫出血性病症、痛经、前列腺增生、痤疮、皮脂溢、脱发、过早性成熟、多囊卵巢综合征、慢性阻塞性肺病COPD、肥胖、炎性疼痛或癌症或炎症或癌性疼痛。
还提供一种用于增强癌症或肿瘤放射疗法敏感性的药品,该药品含有上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物,其用于:在癌症或肿瘤患者对放射疗法具有抗性时提高放射疗法的疗效;或治疗对放射疗法具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供一种用于增强癌症或肿瘤免疫疗法敏感性的药品,该药品含有上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物,其用于:在癌症或肿瘤患者对免疫疗法具有抗性时提高免疫疗法的疗效;或治疗对免疫疗法具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供一种用于增强癌症或肿瘤化疗敏感性的药品,该药品含有上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物,其用于:在癌症或肿瘤患者对化疗具有抗性时提高化疗的疗效;或治疗对化疗具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的制药用途,该药用于在癌症或肿瘤患者对免疫具有抗性时提高免疫疗法的疗效;或者该药用于治疗对免疫疗法具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供一种用于增强癌症或肿瘤化疗敏感性的药品,该药品含有上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物,其用于:在癌症或肿瘤患者对化疗具有抗性时提高化疗的疗效;或治疗对化疗具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者,所述化疗使用的药品含有柔红霉素daunorubicin或阿糖胞苷cytarabine。
上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的用途,其用于增强癌症或肿瘤放射疗法敏感性或用于增强含有柔红霉素daunorubicin或阿糖胞苷cytarabine的药品化疗癌症或肿瘤的敏感性。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的作为AKR1C3酶抑制剂的用途。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的制药用途,该药为AKR1C3酶抑制剂。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的制药用途,该药用于在癌症或肿瘤患者对放射疗法具有抗性时提高放射疗法的疗效;或者该药用于治疗对放射疗法具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的制药用途,该药用于在癌症或肿瘤患者对化疗具有抗性时提高化疗的疗效;或者该药用于治疗对化疗具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者。
还提供上述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的制药用途,该药用于在癌症或肿瘤患者对化疗具有抗性时提高化疗的疗效;或者该药用于治疗对化疗具有抗性的癌症或肿瘤患者,所述化疗使用的药品含有柔红霉素daunorubicin或阿糖胞苷cytarabine。
关于本文所述药品或制剂,所制得的药物包含特定剂量范围的所示化合物或其盐或溶剂合物,和/或,所制得的药物为特定剂型、特定给药方式施用。
关于本文所述用途,所制得的药物还可包含药学上可接受的辅料或赋形剂。所述药物可以为临床施用的任何剂型,例如片剂、栓剂、分散片、肠溶片、咀嚼片、口崩片、胶囊、糖衣剂、颗粒剂、干粉剂、口服溶液剂、注射用小针、注射用冻干粉针或大输液。根据具体剂型和施用方式,所述药物中的药学上可接受的辅料或赋形剂可以包括下述的一种或多种:稀释剂、增溶剂、崩解剂、悬浮剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、填充剂、矫味剂、甜味剂、抗氧化剂、表面活性剂、防腐剂、包裹剂和色素等。
优选地,所述患者是哺乳动物,更优选是人。
具体实施方式
以下参照具体的实施例来说明本发明。本领域技术人员能够理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明,其不以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的药材原料、试剂材料等,如无特殊说明,均为市售购买产品。
“患者”及“个体”可互换使用,是指需要癌症治疗的哺乳动物。通常,患者是人类。通常,患者是诊断患有癌症的人类。在某些实施例中,“患者”或“个体”可指用于筛选、表征及评估药物及疗法的非人类哺乳动物,例如非人类灵长类动物、狗、猫、兔、猪、小鼠或大鼠。
“前药”是指投与或施用之后经新陈代谢或以其他方式转化为关于至少一种性质的生物学活性或活性更高的化合物(或药物)的化合物。相对于药物,前药以使其相对于药物活性较低或无活性的方式化学修饰,但化学修饰使得在前药投与之后通过代谢或其他生物过程产生相应药物。前药可相对于活性药物具有改变的代谢稳定性或输送特征、较少副作用或较低毒性或经改良的风味(参见(例如)参考文献Nogrady,1985,MedicinalChemistry A Biochemical Approach,Oxford University Press,New York,第388页至392页,其以引用式并入本文中)。前药可使用除相应药物以外的反应物来合成。
“实体肿瘤”是指包括(但不限于)骨、脑、肝、肺、淋巴结、胰脏、前列腺、皮肤及软组织(肉瘤)中的转移肿瘤的实体肿瘤。
药物的“治疗有效量”是指当向患有癌症的患者投与或施用时,将具有预期的治疗效应(例如患者中一或多种癌症的临床表现的缓和、改善、缓解或消除)的药物的量。治疗效应不必通过投与或施用一个剂量而出现,且可仅在投与或施用一系列剂量后出现。因此,治疗有效量可以一或多次来投与或施用。
病况或患者的“治疗”是指采取步骤以获得有益或期望结果(包括临床结果)。出于本发明的目的,有益或期望临床结果包括(但不限于)一或多种癌症症状的缓和或改善;疾病程度的减弱;疾病进展的延迟或减缓;疾病状态的改善、缓解或稳定;或其他有益结果。在一些情形下,癌症的治疗可使得部分反应或稳定疾病。
“肿瘤细胞”是指任何适当物种(例如,哺乳动物,例如鼠类、犬、猫、马或人类)的肿瘤细胞。
放射疗法,即癌症的放射疗法,放射治疗有多种实施方法,最常用的是:
光子(γ-射线)束放射,由直线加速器发射大量光子(γ-射线)束;
中子束放射,可用于治疗组织边缘狭窄的某些癌肿;
电子束放射,因具有穿透组织极浅的特性,适用于治疗皮肤或表浅癌肿;
质子放射,虽用途有限,但对需要深度而范围极狭小的照射野可提供锐利的射线周缘;
近距放射,将强力放射源,通过针头植入肿瘤组织本身(如前列腺或肺部),从而达到小范围高剂量的效应;
全身性放射性核素治疗,可用于有核素摄吸的器官受体(如甲状腺癌)或抑制全身骨骼部位的受体(如治疗转移性前列腺癌的放射性锶)。
痊愈性放射治疗一般需将肿瘤局部或其局部区域包含在照射野之内。
放射性照射细胞损伤是无选择性的和非特异性的,对DNA产生复杂的作用,疗效优劣按细胞损伤程度超越其修复能力的多少而定。一般来说,正常组织的修复效率高于癌细胞,从而是的放射疗法能使得病人获益。
化疗,化疗是化学药物治疗的简称,通过使用化学治疗药物杀灭癌细胞达到治疗目的。化疗是目前治疗癌症最有效的手段之一,和手术、放疗一起并称癌症的三大治疗手段。手术和放疗属于局部治疗,只对治疗部位的肿瘤有效,对于潜在的转移病灶(癌细胞实际已经发生转移,但因为目前技术手段的限制在临床上还不能发现和检测到)和已经发生临床转移的癌症就难以发挥有效治疗了。而化疗是一种全身治疗的手段,无论采用什么途径给药(口服、静脉和体腔给药等),化疗药物都会随着血液循环遍布全身的绝大部分器官和组织。因此,对一些有全身播撒倾向的肿瘤及已经转移的中晚期肿瘤,化疗都是主要的治疗手段。一般而言化疗的药物都是细胞毒性药物,其能直接杀死细胞,但由于癌细胞、正常细胞的某些特性不同,常常使得化疗药物对癌细胞的杀灭作用更大,从而能使得病人获益。但化疗依然存在严重的毒副作用,包括消化系统反应、骨髓抑制、脱发等,某些毒副作用会然部分患者无法再继续接受化疗或某种化疗药物。
免疫疗法。正常情况下,人体的免疫系统可以识别并清除肿瘤微环境中的肿瘤细胞,但为了生存和生长,肿瘤细胞能够采用不同策略,使人体的免疫系统受到抑制,不能正常的杀伤肿瘤细胞,从而在抗肿瘤免疫应答的各阶段得以幸存。人体免疫系统识别并清除肿瘤细胞的过程(肿瘤-免疫循环)具有多个环节,任一环节被抑制,都能导致肿瘤细胞不能被正常的清除。不同肿瘤可以通过不同环节的异常抑制免疫系统对肿瘤细胞的有效识别和杀伤从而产生免疫耐受,甚至促进肿瘤的发生、发展。
肿瘤免疫治疗就是通过重新启动并维持肿瘤-免疫循环,恢复机体正常的抗肿瘤免疫反应,从而控制与清除肿瘤的一种治疗方法。包括单克隆抗体类免疫检查点抑制剂、治疗性抗体、癌症疫苗、细胞治疗和小分子抑制剂等。近几年,肿瘤免疫治疗的好消息不断,目前已在多种肿瘤如黑色素瘤,非小细胞肺癌、肾癌和前列腺癌等实体瘤的治疗中展示出了强大的抗肿瘤活性,多个肿瘤免疫治疗药物已经获批准临床应用。
以上对本发明具体实施方式的描述并不限制本发明,本领域技术人员可以根据本发明作出各种改变或变形,只要不脱离本发明的精神,均应属于本发明所附权利要求的范围。
以下是本发明的具体试验和实施例部分。
以下试验将揭示申请人研发的AKR1C3抑制剂的体外抑制活性,申请人在此声明,以下的实验数据的权利属于申请人。
申请人声明以下试验中公开的部分具体化合物在本发明已公开的化合物的具体合成方法以及合成路线的基础上,参考专利公开文献(比如申请号PCT/US2016/021581,公开号WO2016/145092;申请号PCT/US2016/062114,公开号WO2017/087428)或其他公开文献揭露的类似方法和操作(虽然底物不同,产率有高有低但本领域即药物化学、有机化学等掌握有机合成技能的技术人员依然能合成得到)能够合成得到,并且申请人已经过核磁、质谱确证结构,本次申请提供代表性的化合物合成方法、核磁数据以及对AKR1C3酶的体外抑制活性。
化合物合成实验
合成方法概述
路线1
路线2
路线3
英文简写解释
MTBE,甲基叔丁基醚;DMAP,4-二甲氨基吡啶;T3P,丙基磷酸酐;THF,四氢呋喃;DCM,二氯甲烷;EA或EtOAC,乙酸乙酯;TEA,三乙胺;HPLC,高效液相色谱仪;DBAD,偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯;TFA,三氟乙酸;LCMS,液质联用;EtOH,乙醇;t-BuOH,叔丁醇;DMF,二甲基甲酰胺;PE,石油醚,petroleum ether;eq,当量即摩尔比;TBAF,四丁基氟化铵;DIPEA,N,N-二异丙基乙胺;reflux,回流;rt,室温;
合成过程中未注明来源的化学试剂、药品均为分析纯或化学纯,均从商业的试剂公司购买得到。
其他出现的英文简写以有机化学领域中的解释为准。
2号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将2-A1(500mg,1.51mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)与2-A2(336mg,2.27mmol,商业购买)溶于无水THF中(10mL)。降温至0℃,加入三苯基磷(991mg,3.78mmol),然后缓慢滴加偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(870mg,3.78mmol)的THF溶液(5mL),保温0℃半小时,然后室温搅拌2.5小时。反应完毕之后,0℃滴加入水(5mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),水洗(3mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得2号化合物纯品(340mg,48.9%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ8.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.52-7.47(m,2H),7.45(s,2H),7.30(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.25-7.23(m,1H),7.10-7.07(m,2H),5.54-5.52(m,1H),3.08(s,3H),2.98(s,3H),1.61(d,J=6.4Hz,3H).
3号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将3-A1(200mg,0.632mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)与3-A2(140mg,0.948mmol,商业购买)溶于无水THF中(5mL)。降温至0℃,加入三苯基磷(414mg,1.58mmol),然后缓慢滴加偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(363mg,1.58mmol)的THF溶液(2mL),保温0℃半小时,然后室温搅拌2.5小时。反应完毕之后,0℃滴加入水(5mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),水洗(2mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得3号化合物纯品(160mg,收率56.7%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.95(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.38-7.32(m,2H),7.25(s,1H),7.20-7.16(m,3H),7.05-7.02(m,2H),4.94(s,2H),3.02(s,3H),2.90(s,3H)。
4号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(580mg,3.78mmol)滴加入无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入4-A1(500mg,1.51mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(3mL),然后滴加入TEA(397mg,3.9mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃6小时,原料消失。滴加入甲胺(1.6g,12.8mmol,25%inTHF),然后滴加入TEA(1.29g,12.85mmol)的DCM溶液(5mL)。保温-40℃半小时,自然升至常温搅拌过夜。反应完毕之后,降温至0℃,滴加入碳酸钾溶液(1g,10mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),水洗(5mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得纯品(380mg,收率57.7%),为淡黄色粘稠油状物。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.95(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.42(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.21-7.18(m,2H),7.12–7.07(m,2H),7.04(s,1H),5.47-5.44(m,1H),3.08(s,3H),2.97(s,3H),2.59(d,J=12.2Hz,3H),2.51(m,2H),2.38(d,J=12.2Hz,3H),1.53(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)。MS:Calculated436.2,found437.1([M+H]+)。
5号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(242mg,1.58mmol)滴加入无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入5-A1(200mg,0.63mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(3mL),然后滴加入TEA(166mg,1.64mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃6小时,原料消失。滴加入甲胺(670g,5.40mmol,25%inTHF),然后滴加入TEA(546g,5.4mmol)的DCM溶液(5mL)。保温-40℃半小时,自然升至常温搅拌过夜。反应完毕之后,降温至0℃,滴加入碳酸钾溶液(1g,10mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),水洗(5mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得5号化合物纯品(130mg,收率48.9%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3)δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.47-7.44(m,2H),7.24(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.07-7.04(m,3H),4.94(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),3.11-3.02(m,6H),2.62(s,3H),2.59(s,3H)。MS:Calculated422.1,found423.2([M+H]+)。
6号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,三(二甲胺基)膦(179mg,1.1mmol,商业购买)与四氮唑(0.64mg,0.009mmol)加入到乙腈中(3mL),然后滴加入6-A1(300mg,0.914mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的乙腈溶液(2mL),室温搅拌两小时,滴加入TEA(277mg,2.74mmol),过氧化叔丁醇(329mg,3.66mmol),常温搅拌三小时,反应完毕。滴加入硫代硫酸钠水溶液(4mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备分离得到6号化合物(120mg,收率28.3%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.42-7.38(m,1H),7.23-7.20(m,2H),7.10-7.05(m,3H),5.41-5.38(m,1H),3.08(s,3H),2.98(s,3H),2.64(d,J=10.0Hz,6H),2.43(d,J=10.0Hz,6H),1.52(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)。MS:Calculated464.2,found465.2([M+H]+)。
7号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,三(二甲胺基)膦(124mg,0.76mmol,商业购买)与四氮唑(0.4mg,0.0057mmol)加入到乙腈中(3mL),然后滴加7-A1(200mg,0.63mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的乙腈溶液(2mL),室温搅拌2小时,滴加入TEA(192mg,1.90mmol),过氧化叔丁醇(228mg,2.53mmol),常温搅拌3小时,反应完毕。滴加入硫代硫酸钠水溶液(4mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备分离得到7号化合物(90mg,收率31.6%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.00(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46-7.42(m,1H),7.28-7.23(m,2H),7.12-7.08(m,3H),4.97-4.95(m,2H),3.11(s,3H),3.00(s,3H),2.60(d,J=10.0Hz,12H)。MS:Calculated450.2,found451.2([M+H]+)。
8号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将8-A1(300mg,0.91mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)与8-A2(202mg,1.36mmol)溶于无水THF中(5mL)。降温至0℃,加入三苯基磷(600mg,2.30mmol),然后缓慢滴加偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(530mg,2.30mmol)的THF溶液(3mL),保温0℃半小时,然后室温搅拌2.5小时。反应完毕之后,0℃滴加入水(5mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),水洗(2mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得8号化合物纯品(230mg,收率54.9%),为淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,DMSO-d6):δ8.13(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.56(dd,J=8.4,2.0Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=6.8,2.0Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.05-7.03(m,2H),5.52-5.50(m,1H),2.95(s,6H),1.57(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)。
9号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,将9-A1(300mg,0.95mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)和2,4,6-三氟苯酚(210mg,1.40mmol)溶于干燥THF(5mL)中,加入三苯基膦(622mg,2.40mmol),降温至0℃,滴加入偶氮二甲酸二叔丁基酯(550mg,2.40mmol)的THF溶液(4mL),反应2.5h完毕,加入水(5mL),DCM萃取(3x15mL),盐水洗,干燥,除去溶剂,高效液相制备得到9号化合物(210mg,收率为49.5%),为类白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.40(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.32(s,2H),7.24(s,1H),7.07(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.01(s,2H),3.11(s,3H),3.02(s,3H)。
10号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(348mg,2.30mmol)滴加入无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入10-A1(300mg,0.91mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(3mL),然后滴加入TEA(240mg,2.40mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃6小时,原料消失。滴加入甲胺(960mg,7.70mmol,25%inTHF),然后滴加入TEA(782mg,7.70mmol)的DCM溶液(5mL)。保温-40℃0.5h,自然升至常温搅拌过夜。降温至0℃,滴加入碳酸钾溶液(1g,10mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),水洗(5mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得10化合物纯品(60mg,收率15.2%),为淡黄色粘稠油状物。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.24-7.22(m,1H),7.09(s,1H),7.05(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.48-5.44(m,1H),3.07(s,6H),2.61(d,J=12.1Hz,3H),2.42(d,J=12.1Hz,3H),1.54(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。MS:Calculated436.2,found437.2([M+H]+)。
11号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(242mg,1.58mmol)滴加入无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入11-A1(200mg,0.63mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(3mL),然后滴加入TEA(166mg,1.64mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃6小时,原料消失。滴加入甲胺(670mg,5.40mmol,25%inTHF),然后滴加入TEA(546mg,5.4mmol)的DCM溶液(5mL)。保温-40℃0.5h,自然升至常温搅拌过夜。降温至0℃,滴加入碳酸钾溶液(1g,10mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),水洗(5mL×2),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得11号化合物纯品(95mg,收率35.7%),为淡黄色粘稠油状物。1H-NMR(400,MeOD):δ8.04(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.40(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.27(s,1H),7.09(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),4.99(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),3.12(s,3H),3.07(s,3H),2.50(d,J=12.4Hz,6H)。MS:Calculated422.1,found423.2([M+H]+)。
12号化合物
氮气保护下,三(二甲胺基)膦(179mg,1.1mmol,商业购买)与四氮唑(0.64mg,0.009mmol)加入到乙腈中(3mL),然后滴加入12-A1(300mg,0.91mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的乙腈溶液(2mL),室温搅拌2h,滴加入TEA(277mg,2.74mmol),过氧化叔丁醇(329mg,3.66mmol),常温搅拌3h,反应完毕。滴加入硫代硫酸钠水溶液(4mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备分离得到12号化合物76.5mg,收率18.2%,为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.43-5.39(m,1H),3.07(s,6H),2.65(d,J=10.0Hz,6H),2.44(d,J=10.0Hz,6H),1.52(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)。MS:Calculated464.2,found465.2([M+H]+)。
13号化合物
氮气保护下,三(二甲胺基)膦(124mg,0.76mmol,商业购买)与四氮唑(0.4mg,0.0057mmol)加入到乙腈中(3mL),然后滴加入13-A1(200mg,0.63mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的乙腈溶液(2mL),室温搅拌2h,滴加入TEA(192mg,1.90mmol),过氧化叔丁醇(228mg,2.53mmol),常温搅拌2h,反应完毕。滴加入硫代硫酸钠水溶液(4mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),干燥浓缩,高效液相制备分离得到13号化合物(31mg,收率9.0%),为淡黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.24(m,1H),7.06-7.04(m,3H),4.93(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),3.11(s,3H),3.02(s,3H),2.62(s,6H),2.59(s,6H)。MS:Calculated450.2,found451.1([M+H]+)。
14号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(246mg,0.949mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入14-A1(200mg,0.633mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(4mL),然后滴加入TEA(96mg,0.949mmol),保温-40℃--35℃两小时,HPLC跟踪检测14-A1消失,转化为中间体。-40℃,滴加入N,N’-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺(130mg,1.27mmol,商业购买)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(130mg,1.266mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),保温-40℃一小时,中间体转化完毕。自然升温至0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),纯净水洗(3ml×3),干燥浓缩,HPLC制备得14号化合物和产品(8.5mg,收率2.9%),为淡黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.11-7.02(m,3H),4.92(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),3.15-2.86(m,10H),2.65(s,3H),2.63(s,3H),2.03-1.97(m,1H),1.52-1.50(m,1H)。MS:Calculated462.2,found463.1([M+H]+)。
15号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(53mg,0.348mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入15-A1(100mg,0.316mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(35mg,0.348mmol),保温-40℃至-35℃下2h,HPLC、LC-MS监测,15-A1消失,转化为中间体。于-40℃,滴加入3-胺基-1-丙醇(26mg,0.348mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(96mg,0.948mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),保温-40℃1h,中间体转化完毕。自然升温至0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),纯净水洗(3ml×3),干燥浓缩,HPLC制备得15号化合物产品(44.5mg,收率32.3%),为白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,2H),7.27-7.25(m,1H),7.08(s,2H),7.06(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),5.03-5.00(m,2H),4.45-4.30(m,1H),4.23-4.16(m,1H),3.30-3.24(m,1H),3.12-3.07(m,7H),2.07–1.98(m,2H),1.67-1.62(m,1H)。MS:Calculated435.1,found436.1([M+H]+)。
16号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(54mg,0.35mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入16-A1(100mg,0.32mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(36mg,0.35mmol),在40℃保温-3小时。-40℃,滴加入3-(甲胺基)-1-丙醇(31mg,0.35mmol,商业购买)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(107mg,1.05mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),-40℃保温3小时,自然升温至室温,反应过夜,0℃下,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(8mL×3),纯净水洗(3ml×3),干燥浓缩,HPLC制备得16号化合物(33mg,收率为22.9%),为半固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.23-7.25(m,1H),7.06-7.08(m,3H),4.94-5.12(m,2H),4.22-4.31(m,1H),4.05-4.12(m,1H),2.97-3.12(m,8H),2.65(d,J=10.8Hz,3H),2.10-2.19(m,1H),1.71-1.76(m,1H)。MS:CalculatedMS,449.1,found,450.1([M+H]+)。
17号化合物
氮气保护下,三氯氧磷(53.4mg,0.348mmol)滴加入到无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入17-A1(100mg,0.316mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)的DCM溶液(2ml),然后滴加入TEA(35.2mg,0.348mmol),保温-40℃1.5小时,原料完全转化为中间体。-40℃,滴加入1,3-丙二醇(26.5mg,0.348mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(106mg,1.043mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃,反应完毕。0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(3mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),纯净水洗(3mL×3),干燥浓缩,制备HPLC得到17号化合物(23.9mg,收率17.3%.),为淡黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.00(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.27-7.25(m,1H),7.11-7.04(m,3H),5.10(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),4.47-4.35(m,2H),4.27(m,2H),3.07(s,6H),2.27(dd,J=10.9,4.4Hz,1H),1.80(m,1H),1.34-1.18(m,2H)。MS:Calculated436.1,found437.1([M+H]+)。
19号化合物
氮气保护下,将19-A1(2.0g,11.69mmol)与19-A2(6.4g,46.76mmol,商业购买)溶于DMF中(10mL),然后加入碳酸钾(6.5g,46.76mmol),40℃搅拌过夜。反应完毕之后,降至常温,滴加入水(20ml),EA萃取(20mL×3),水洗(8mL×5),盐水洗(8mL3),干燥浓缩,柱分离(300-400目硅胶,正庚烷:EA,25%-35%EA)得到19-A3(1.05g,31.3%),为淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.99-7.95(m,2H),7.32-7.28(m,1H),7.18(d,J=0.6Hz,1H),7.06-7.00(m,2H),4.77(s,2H),2.58(s,3H)。MS:Calculated287.1,found288.0([M+H]+)。
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(59mg,0.382mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入19-A3(100mg,0.347mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(39mg,0.382mmol),保温-40℃至-35℃两小时,HPLC、LC-MS检测19-A3消失,转化为中间体。-40℃,滴加入N,N’-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺(39mg,0.382mmol,商业购买)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(105mg,1.041mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),保温-40℃一小时,中间体转化完毕。自然升温至0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),纯净水洗(3m×3),干燥浓缩,制备HPLC得到19号化合物(34.5mg,收率20.8%),为淡黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.97(dd,J=11.2,2.4Hz,2H),7.30(dd,J=8.4,1.0Hz,1H),7.15(s,1H),7.04(dd,J=11.2,2.4Hz,2H),4.95(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),3.10-3.04(m,2H),3.01-2.88(m,2H),2.65(s,3H),2.63(s,3H),2.58(s,3H),2.04-2.01(m,1H),1.51-1.47(m,1H)。MS:Calculated433.1,found434.1([M+H]+)。
20号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(59mg,0.382mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入20-A1(100mg,0.347mmol,即19-A3)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(39mg,0.382mmol),保温-40℃到-35℃两小时,HPLC、LC-MS监测,20-A1消失,转化为中间体。-40℃,滴加入3-胺基-1-丙醇(29mg,0.382mmol,商业购买)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(105mg,1.041mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),保温-40℃一小时,中间体转化完毕。自然升温至0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(10mL×3),纯净水洗(3ml×3),干燥浓缩,HPLC制备得到产品(13.3mg,收率9.4%),为淡黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.35(dd,J=8.4,1.1Hz,1H),7.18(s,1H),7.04(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.05(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),4.33-4.41(m,1H),4.19-4.26(m,1H),3.14-3.34(m,2H),2.58(s,3H),1.97-2.09(m,1H),1.61-1.65(m,1H)。MS:Calculated406.1.,found407.1([M+H]+)。
21号化合物
氮气保护下,将三氯氧磷(59mg,0.382mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(10mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入21-A1(100mg,0.347mmol,即19-A3)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(39mg,0.382mmol),保温-40℃至-35℃3.5小时,然后再-40℃下,滴加入3-(甲胺基)-1-丙醇(34mg,0.382mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(105mg,1.041mmol)的DCM溶液(2ml),保温-40℃30分钟,自然升温至室温,反应过夜,0℃下,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),DCM萃取(8mL×3),纯净水洗(3ml×3),干燥浓缩,HPLC制备得21号化合物(41mg,收率为27.2%),为半固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.30(dd,J=8.4,1.6Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),4.97-5.12(m,2H),4.23-4.33(m,1H),4.09-4.16(m,1H),2.97-3.16(m,2H),2.65(d,J=10.8Hz,3H),2.59(s,3H),2.08-2.24(m,1H),1.71-1.77(m,1H)。MS:Calculated420.1,found421.1([M+H]+)。
23号化合物
氮气保护下,三氯氧磷(59.0mg,0.382mmol)滴加到无水DCM中(5mL),降温至-40℃,滴加入23-A1(100mg,0.347mmol,即19-A3)的DCM溶液(2ml),然后滴加入TEA(39.0mg,0.382mmol),保温-40℃1.5小时,原料完全转化为中间体。-40℃,滴加入4-胺基-1-丁醇(34.0mg,0.382mmol,商业购买)的DCM溶液(2mL),然后滴加入TEA(116mg,1.145mmol)的DCM溶液(2mL),保温-40℃,5小时反应完毕。0℃,滴加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(3mL),DCM萃取(5mL×3),纯净水洗(3mL×3),干燥浓缩,制备得到23号化合物纯品(15.7mg,10.7%),为淡黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.99(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.18(s,1H),7.04(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.07(m,2H),4.33-4.23(m,1H),4.13(m,1H),3.10-2.99(m,1H),2.90-2.83(m,1H),2.59(s,3H),1.91-1.75(m,4H)。MS:Calculated420.1,found421.1([M+H]+)。
24号化合物的合成
将24-A1(100mg,0.32mmol)溶于DCM(3ml)中。降温0℃度,滴加氯化亚砜(57.12mg,4.8mmol,1.5eq)常温搅拌,1.5h反应完毕。降温0-5℃,滴加饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,调至弱碱性(pH=7-8),DCM(10ml×2)萃取,干燥浓缩,得到24-A2(130mg),为黄色油状物,直接投于下步反应。
将24-A2(130mg,0.388mmol),溶于DMF(3ml)中,加入3-羟基哒嗪(74.57mg,0.776mmol,2eq),加入碳酸铯(316mg,0.96mmol,2.5eq)常温搅拌。40min反应完毕。加入EA(20倍体积),饱和碳酸钠洗(5ml×3)盐水洗,干燥浓缩制备得产物(26mg,17.0%),为黄色油状物。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.05(s,1H),8.00(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.49(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.94(s,1H),6.72(s,1H),5.18(s,2H),3.15(s,3H),3.05(s,3H)。MS:Calculated394.1,found394.9([M+H]+)。
25号化合物的合成
将24-A1(50mg,0.16mmol)溶于DCM(3ml)中,加入29-B1(141.8mg,0.96mmol,6eq)降温0℃,滴TEA(95.9mmol,0.96mmol,6eq),加入DMAP(4.85mg,0.04mmol,0.25eq)升温40℃搅拌过夜,反应完毕后,除去溶剂,高效液相制备得产物14.1mg,为白色固体,收率为20.5%。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.21-7.23(m,1H),7.06(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.01(m,1H),5.11(s,2H),3.46-3.65(m,8H),3.11(s,3H),3.02(s,3H)。MS:Calculated429.2,found429.9([M+H]+)。
26号化合物的合成
将三光气(3g,10.1mmol)在0℃下溶于DCM(300ml),然后将26-A1(1.52g,20.2mmol,2eq)溶于DCM(60ml)后滴加体系,20min滴毕。反应4h后将体系旋干,用MTBE(20ml)打浆,抽滤后母液旋干得26-A2粗品1.2g,浅棕色液体。直接投于下步反应。
将26-A2(300mg,0.949mmol)与26-A3(652.5mg,4.744mmol,5eq,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DCM(12ml),降温至0℃后将TEA(480mg,4.744mmol,5eq)与DMAP(29.1mg,0.237mmol,0.25eq)加入至体系,将体系升温至35℃,大约12h反应完毕。HPLC与LCMS监测反应完毕后降至室温,加入饱和NaHCO3(15ml×2)洗涤,有机相水洗(10ml×2),水相DCM萃取(20ml×1),有机相旋干,高效液相制备得到26号化合物(150mg,收率37.8%),为黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.94(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.43(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.19(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.02(t,J=2.4Hz,3H),5.24(s,1H),5.06(s,2H),3.42(t,J=4.8Hz,2H),3.34(d,J=2.8Hz,2H),3.32(d,J=5.6Hz,3H),3.08(s,3H),3.00(s,3H)MS:Calculated417.2,found418.0([M+1]+)。
27号化合物的合成
氮气保护下,27-A1(120mg,0.358mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DMF(5mL)中,加入2,4二氟苯硫酚(104mg,0.716mmol,2eq)加入Cs2CO3(291.6mg,0.895mmol)2.5eq)。常温搅拌。1h反应完毕。加入EA(50mL),饱和碳酸钠水溶液洗(20mlx3),盐水洗(10mlx2)干燥浓缩,高效液相制备得到产物(41mg,收率为25.7%),为黄色油状液体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.89(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.44(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.20-7.24(m,1H),7.06-7.08(m,1H),6.92(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),6.79-6.82(m,3H),3.93(s,2H),3.12(s,3H),3.03(s,3H)。MS:Calculated444.1,found444.9([M+1]+)。
28号化合物的合成
将24-A1(100mg,0.32mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)与吡啶(55.7mg,0.70mmol,2.2eq)溶于DCM(3ml),然后将降温0℃,滴加氯甲酸异丙酯(129.6mg,1.2mmol,3.6eq,商业购买)加入至体系,20℃反应18h,降温至0℃-5℃,滴加1N盐酸(3ml),DCM萃取(10mLx2),有机相用盐酸(1N,10mLx5)洗,水洗(5mLx3),盐水洗(5mLx2),硫酸钠干燥干燥,浓缩有机相,中性制备得到产物(27mg,21.2%),为类白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.26(s,1H),7.04-7.07(m,3H),5.11(s,2H),4.87(q,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.11(s,3H),3.03(s,3H),1.29(d,J=6.4Hz,6H)。MS:Calculated402.1,found403.0([M+1]+)。
29号化合物的合成
将29-A1(1g,5.84mmol)与3-羟基-N,N-二甲基苯甲酰胺(2.8g,17.53mmol,3eq)溶于MeCN(30ml),然后将K2CO3(2.8g,20.45mmol,3.5eq)加入至体系,将体系升温至65℃,3h反应完毕后降温至20℃,加入H2O(15ml),EA萃取(30mL×3),有机相用1NNaOH溶液洗涤(50ml×3),有机相干燥旋干拌样,200-300硅胶(EA:PE,1:3)得到29-A2(m=950mg,收率51.4%)。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.96(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.39-7.43(m,1H),7.19-7.22(m,2H),7.09-7.11(m,1H),7.04-7.07(m,2H),4.69(s,2H),3.00(brs,6H),1.97(s,1H)。MS:Calculated316.1,found317.1[(M+1)+].
将29-A2(50mg,0.158mmol)与哌啶-1-甲酰氯(141.9mg,0.948mmol,6eq)溶于DCM(2ml),然后将TEA(32.0mg,0.316mmol,2eq)与DMAP(4.9mg,0.04mmol,0.25eq)加入至体系,此时体系呈淡黄色,将体系升温至40℃,12h反应完毕。除去溶剂,高效液相色谱制备,得到纯品16.5mg,收率24.3%。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.97(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.40-7.44(m,1H),7.18-7.23(m,2H),7.08-7.10(m,1H),7.01-7.06(m,2H),5.11(s,2H),3.64(s,4H),3.46(s,4H),3.11(s,3H),2.98(s,3H)。MS:Calculated:429.2,found330.0([M+H]+)。
30号化合物的合成
氮气保护,将30-A1(1.76g,7.72mmol)与3,3-二氟三甲叉亚胺盐酸盐(1.0g,7.72mmol,1eq)溶于DCM(20ml),加入T3P的EA溶液(10g,15.4mmol,2eq,50%),将体系降温至5℃,滴加DIEA,完毕后常温搅拌,HPLC监测2h反应完毕后向体系中加入水(5ml),DCM萃取(15ml×3),有机相水洗(10ml×2),干燥旋干得产物粗品(m=2.5g,收率100%)淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,DMSO-d6):δ7.45-7.47(m,2H),7.38-7.42(m,3H),7.31-7.35(m,1H),7.24-7.26(m,2H),7.18-7.21(m,1H),5.16(s,2H),4.47-4.70(m,4H).Calculated303.1,found304.1([M+H]+)。
氮气保护,将30-A2(2.5g,8.242mmol)溶于EtOH(37ml),然后将Pd/C(630mg,25%A2)加入至体系体系,先将体系抽冲N2三次,使体系充满N2,然后再抽冲H2三次,使体系充满H2,之后常温搅拌,HPLC监测8h反应完毕。在N2保护下抽出H2,然后抽滤掉Pd/C,DCM洗涤(30ml×3),旋干母液得30-A3粗品(1.5g,收率为85.4%)为类白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,DMSO-d6):δ7.24-7.28(m,1H),7.05-7.09(m,2H),6.92-6.94(m,1H),4.46-4.69(m,4H).Calculated213.1,found214.1([M+H]+)。
将30-A3(1.5g,7.04mmol)与3-氟-4-硝基苯甲酸甲酯(2.8g,14.06mmol,2eq)溶于ACN(15ml),后将K2CO3(2.9g,21.01mmol,3eq)加入至体系,60℃回流过夜,次日HPLC监测反应完毕,降至室温,加入水(10ml),用DCM萃取(20mLx4),有机相水洗(10ml×2),食盐水洗,干燥,旋干,得30-A4粗品(m=1.8g,收率为65.2%),为黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.92(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=1.6Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.43-7.51(m,2H),7.29-7.30(m,1H),7.20-7.23(m,1H),4.50-4.56(m,4H),3.92(s,3H).CalculatedMS:392.1,found393.0([M+H]+)。
将30-A4(500mg,1.27mmol)溶于THF(2ml),降温至0℃后分批将NaBH4(193mg,5.10mmol,4eq)加入至体系后将体系升温至60℃回流,HPLC监测15h反应完毕。降至0℃,加水(20ml)淬灭,DCM萃取(20ml×3),干燥并旋干浓缩拌样,300-400硅胶过快速Flash柱层析,得30-A5纯品(140mg,收率30.2%)为类白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ7.96(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.34-7.38(m,1H),7.15-7.18(m,2H),7.04-7.06(m,2H),6.97(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=2.0Hz,1H),4.63-4.68(m,4H),3.67-3.76(m,2H).Calculated364.1,found365.1([M+H]+)。
将30-A5(140mg,0.384mmol)与哌啶-1-碳酰氯(287.4mg,1.92mmol,5eq)溶于DCM(6ml),降温至0℃后将TEA(194.3mg,1.92mmol,5eq)与DMAP(11.8mg,0.096mmol,0.25eq)加入至体系后将体系升温至35℃,大约12h反应完毕。HPLC与LCMS监测反应完毕后降至室温,加入饱和NaHCO3(10ml×2)洗涤,有机相水洗(10ml×2),水相DCM萃取(10ml),有机相旋干后使用高效液相色谱在中性条件分离,得到纯品(22.5mg,收率12.3%),为白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CDCl3):δ8.00(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.40-7.48(m,2H),7.19-7.26(m,3H),7.02(s,1H),5.13(s,2H),4.49-4.55(m,4H),3.64(brs,4H),3.46(s,4H).Calculated477.1,found478.0([M+H]+)。
31号化合物的合成
将PSCl3(4.5g,26.6mmol)溶于氯仿(50ml),然后将31-A1(2g,26.6mmol)溶于氯仿(40ml)后滴加进体系,1h滴加完毕,搅拌1h后将DIEA(3.44g,26.6mmol)溶于氯仿(10ml)后滴加入至体系,将体系升温至20℃,过夜。加水萃取(20ml×4),有机相干燥旋干得31-A2粗品(2.4g),为类白色固体。
将31-A2(1.8g,10.5mmol)加入至H2O(18ml)中,白色悬浊液,然后将NaOH(923mg,23.1mmol,2.2eq)缓慢分批加入至体系体系,在之后反应中体系逐渐变澄清。LCMS监测有所需产物,反应过夜后,加入MeCN(20ml)混合后旋去部分水分,剩余混合物用12NHCl将体系调至酸性,有大量固体析出,抽滤后用MeCN(10ml)打浆除水,抽滤后再加入MeCN(10ml)旋干后得31-A3共800mg,为白色固体,直接投于下步反应。
氮气保护下,将31-A4(100mg,0.299mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DMF(2ml),后将31-A3(91.5mg,0.597mmol,2eq)与TEA(90.7mg,0.896mmol,3eq)加入至体系,此时体系呈淡橘黄色,20℃反应过夜,反应完毕。加入饱和NaHCO3水溶液(5ml),EA萃取(5ml×3),有机相水洗(10ml×5),水相EA萃取(10ml×2),有机相旋干后于中性条件下HPLC制备分离后冻干溶液得纯品67.4mg,收率为50.0%,为类白色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48-7.50(m,2H),7.40(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=1.6Hz,1H),7.27(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.08-7.10(m,2H),4.21-4.26(m,2H),4.03-4.07(m,2H),3.16-3.25(m,2H),3.10(s,3H),3.05(s,3H)1.94-2.04(m,1H),1.67-1.71(m,1H)。MS:Calculated451.1,found452.1([M+H]+)。
32号化合物的合成
将31(20mg,0.044mmol)溶于DMF(1ml)中,紧接着将K2CO3(12.2mg,0.088mmol,2eq)加入反应体系室温搅拌1h,然后将MeI(22mg,0.132mmol,3eq)滴加进体系,之后监测转换45%之后不再变化。补加K2CO3(18.3mg,0.132mmol,2eq),MeI(22mg,0.132mmol,3eq),升温至35℃,过夜后转化达75%。降至10℃后向体系加入饱和NaHCO3水溶液(2ml),EA萃取(3ml×3),有机相盐水洗(2ml×3),干燥旋干后中性HPLC制备分离,得到32共6.1mg,为淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48-7.50(m,2H),7.39-7.41(m,1H),7.27(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.09-7.11(m,2H),4.06-4.10(m,2H),4.03-4.10(m,2H),3.05-3.10(m,8H),2.60(d,J=7.2Hz,3H),2.07-2.17(m,1H),1.68-1.80(m,1H)。MS:Calculated465.1,found466.1([M+1]+)。
33号化合物的合成
将PSCl3(4.5g,26.3mmol,)溶于氯仿(50ml),然后将33-A1(2g,26.3mmol)溶于氯仿(40ml)后滴加进体系,1h滴加完毕,搅拌1h后将DIEA(3.4g,26.3mmol)溶于氯仿(10ml)后滴加入至体系,将体系升温至20℃,过夜。加水萃取(20ml×4),有机相干燥旋干得33-A2粗品(3.5g),为类白色固体。直接投于下步反应。
将33-A2(1g,5.86mmol)加入至H2O(10ml)中,然后将NaOH(281mg,7.03mmol,1.2eq)缓慢分批加入至体系体系,过夜。LCMS监测有所需产物,用12NHCl将体系调至pH=3-4,无固体析出,旋去水分后得33-A3粗品500mg,为淡黄色液体。
氮气保护将33-A4(100mg,0.299mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DMF(2ml),后将33-A3(184.3mg,1.196mmol,4eq)与TEA(121.0mg,1.196mmol,4eq)加入至体系,室温过夜后HPLC监测反应完毕。加入饱和NaHCO3(10mL),EA萃取(5ml×3),有机相水洗(5ml×2),水相EA萃取(5ml×3),有机相旋干,中性高效液相制备得到33共29.7mg,收率为22.0%,为黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ8.00(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48-7.51(m,2H),7.42(dd,J=8.4Hz,2.0Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.10-7.11(m,2H),4.34-4.41(m,4H),4.15(d,J=16.8Hz,2H),3.10(s,3H),3.05(s,3H),2.22-2.27(m,1H),1.79-1.85(m,1H)。MS:Calculated452.1,found453.0([M+1]+)。
34号化合物的合成
0℃下,将PSCl3(2g,11.8mmol)溶于氯仿(25ml),然后将34-A1(11.8ml,23.6mmol,2eq,2MinTHF)滴加进体系,滴加完毕搅拌1h后将DIEA(3.44g,26.6mmol)溶于氯仿(10ml)后滴加入至体系,将体系升温至20℃,过夜。除去溶剂得34-A2粗品。加入水(20ml)搅拌30min后旋干可得34-A3粗品5g,为无色油状液体。
氮气保护将34-A4(50mg,0.149mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DMF(1mL),后将34-A3(418.6mg,1.194mmol,8eq)与TEA(120.8mg,1.194mmol,8eq)加入至体系,将体系升温至30℃,过夜。HPLC与LCMS监测反应完毕后降至室温,加入饱和NaHCO3水溶液(5mL),EA萃取(5mL×3),有机相水洗(5mL×3),盐水洗,硫酸钠干燥,旋干,高效液相中性制备,得纯品20.0mg,收率为30.6%,为淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ7.99(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.48-7.50(m,2H),7.40(dd,J=8.4Hz,2.0Hz,1H),7.26(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.07-7.10(m,2H),3.96(d,J=12.8Hz,2H),3.10(s,3H),3.05(s,3H),2.51(s,3H),2.48(s,3H)。MS:Calculated438.1,found439.1([M+1]+)。
35号化合物的合成
将PSCl3(4.56g,26.9mmol)溶于氯仿(50ml),然后将35-A1(2g,26.9mmol)的氯仿溶液(40ml)滴加进体系,30min滴加完毕,搅拌1h后滴加入DIEA(3.48g,26.9mmol)的氯仿(10ml)溶液,将体系升温至20℃,过夜。旋干后得35-A2粗品。加入水(20ml)搅拌30min,除去水得到白色固体,MeCN(3ml)打浆后抽滤,得到干燥的35-A3共1.2g,为白色固体。直接投于下步反应。
氮气保护下,将35-A4(100mg,0.299mmol,参照29号化合物合成方法合成)溶于DMF(2ml),后将35-A3(182mg,1.196mmol,4eq)与TEA(121mg,1.196mmol,4eq)加入至体系,完毕后将体系升温至25℃,过夜后HPLC监测反应完毕。加入饱和NaHCO3水溶液(5ml),EA萃取(5mLx3),有机相水洗(10mlx2),水相EA萃取(5mlx2),有机相旋干,高效液相中性条件制备分离,得到35共23.1mg,收率为17.2%,为淡黄色固体。1H-NMR(400M,CD3OD):δ7.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.47-7.50(m,2H),7.40(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=1.6Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.07-7.10(m,2H),3.99(d,J=12.4Hz,2H),3.05-3.24(m,10H),1.69-1.82(m,1H),1.60-1.65(m,1H)。MS:Calculated450.1,found451.1([M+1]+)。
1号化合物
参照以上化合物2/3类似的方法合成。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.91(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.41(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.33-7.27(m,1H),7.21(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.15-6.98(m,3H),4.55(s,2H),3.54(s,3H),3.36(s,3H),3.09(s,3H),2.97(s,3H)。
体外AKR1C3酶活性抑制实验
实验仪器:
Waters AcquityI Class UPLC超高效液相色谱仪配有Xevo G2-XSQ Tof HRMS四极杆飞行时间高分辨率质谱仪。
缓冲液和物料:
1.PBS磷酸缓冲盐溶液,
2.20mM NADPH的PBS磷酸缓冲盐溶液
3.250μg/mL AKR1C3的PBS磷酸缓冲盐溶液
4.250μM测试化合物的50%MeOH/H2O溶液
5.250μM黄体酮(progesterone)的50%MeOH/H2O溶液
6.1μg/mL普萘洛尔(propranolol)的100%乙腈溶液
实验操作流程
步骤1,将反应混合物按照下表一式二份(n=2)制成Eppendorf管,轻轻混合。
物料 | 阴性对照(μL) | 样本(μL) |
PBS | 68 | 66 |
NADPH(20mM) | 10 | 10 |
AKR1C3(250μg/mL) | 10 | 10 |
测试化合物(250μM) | 0 | 2 |
步骤2,将以上一式两份混合物在37℃下预孵育30分钟。
步骤3,在每个Eppendorf管中加入另外10μL的20mMNADPH的PBS磷酸缓冲盐溶液和2μL的250μM黄体酮(progesterone)的50%MeOH/H2O溶液并轻轻混合。
步骤4,立即将以上步骤中的50μL混合物转移到100μL的1μg/mL普萘洛尔(propranolol,内标IS)的100%乙腈溶液中。
步骤5,将剩余样品在37℃下孵育30分钟,并加入100μL1μg/mL普萘洛尔(propranolol,内标IS)的100%乙腈溶液。
步骤6,对于所有样品,加入100μL试剂水,以1100rpm涡旋混合5分钟,并在室温下以15000rpm离心10分钟。
步骤7,将所有样品加载到LC/MS上以测定还原的黄体酮即20α-二氢孕酮的含量。
LC-MS仪器的测试条件为
项目 | 条件 |
仪器: | Waters AcquityIClass液相色谱仪 |
色谱柱: | Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50*2.1mm,1.7μm) |
流速: | 0.4mL/min |
进样量: | 3μL |
流动相组成: | A:0.1%(V/V)甲酸水溶液B:0.1%(V/V)甲酸乙腈溶液 |
柱温箱温度: | 40℃ |
检测器: | 四极杆飞行时间质谱仪Q-TOFMS |
液相洗脱梯度
时间Time(min) | A(%) | B(%) |
0.00 | 90.0 | 10.0 |
1.5 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
2.00 | 5.0 | 95.0 |
2.30 | 90.0 | 10.0 |
3.00 | 90.0 | 10.0 |
四极杆飞行时间质谱参数
项目 | 参数 |
毛细管电压(CapilarykV) | 2.5 |
进样锥电压(SamplingConeV) | 40 |
源温度Sourcetemperature(℃) | 100 |
进样锥气体流速ConeGas(L/h) | 50 |
脱溶剂气体流速DesolvationGas(L/h) | 600 |
电离方式(InterfaceType) | ES,Positive |
分析器模式(AnalyserMode) | Sensitivity |
扫描范围(ScanRange) | 50-800m/z |
步骤9,还原黄体酮(20α-二氢孕酮)的计算:通过LC/MS测定每种样品中还原黄体酮即20α-二氢孕酮和普萘洛尔峰面积。计算还原黄体酮与普萘洛尔的峰面积比,并将时间为0时的比率设定为0%。
AKR1C3活性(%)=[(样品标准化后的还原黄体酮量)30min-(样品标准化后的还原黄体酮量)0min]/[(阴性对照组标准化后的还原黄体酮量)30min-(阴性对照组标准化后还原黄体酮量)0min]*100。
根据以上计算得到下表的5μM/L化合物浓度的AKR1C3相对活性%活性结果。
备注:
ND,表示未检测;
以上化合物的活性数据是四次测试得到的:2019/5/29、2019/5/31、2019/6/13、2019/6/14,对此对应的对照化合物AST-3424、吲哚美辛其值也有四个,上表中使用的是这四次的算术平均值,具体测试结果、时间如下:
化合物及测试浓度 | 2019/5/29 | 2019/5/31 | 2019/6/13 | 2019/6/14 | 平均 |
AST-3424,5μM/L | 68.1 | 73.8 | 39.9 | 35 | 54.2 |
吲哚美辛,5μM/L | 86.9 | 95 | 96.7 | 91 | 92.4 |
吲哚美辛是典型的AKR1C3的抑制剂,而且临床上被用来进行包括癌症疼痛在内的缓解和治疗。本发明公开的化合物其在5μM/L的浓度下抑制AKR1C3酶的能力较吲哚美辛高,显示本发明公开的化合物是一种较为高效的AKR1C3的抑制剂。
Claims (10)
1.下式的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物:
其中,R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、芳基或Z取代芳基、杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基;
R3是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R3是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCO-R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR6R7,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环,或者两个R3和与其所键结的苯环上的原子一起形成7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环;
R6和R7各自独立地是氢、氰基或异氰基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者R6、R7基团与其所键结的原子一起形成3-7元杂环基或Z取代3-7元杂环基;
a为0、1、2、3;
X为C、N;
Y为O或者S;
Cx选自C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环以及-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6SO2NR6R7、-COR6、-NR6CONR6R7取代的C6-C10芳基、4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
L选自-O-、-S-、-OCOO-、-NR6CO-、-OCO-、-NR6SO2-、-OCONR6-、季铵根、磺酸酯基-OSO2-;
Cy选自氢、氘、C6-C10芳基或Z取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代C3-C8环烷基;
或
Cy选自
或Cy选自中两个OR6与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中OR6与NR6R7与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中两个NR6R7与P原子所形成5-10元环基团;
并且-L-Cy不包括这些胺基磷酸酯烷化剂的失去H原子后的残基:-P(Z1)(NR9CH2CH2X1)2、-P(Z1)(NR9 2)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)、-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1))2或-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)2,每个R9独立地为氢或C1-C6烷基,或2个R9与其所结合的氮原子一起形成5至7元杂环基,Z1为O或S,且X1为Cl、Br或OMs,-L-Cy也不包括-OH和-SH;
Z取代基为卤素原子、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C3烷基或取代烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或取代烷氧基、C2-C3烯基或取代烯基、C2-C3炔基或取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或取代环烷基、芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环或取代芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环,取代的方式为单取代或偕二取代;
Cz基团为含有C、P、S的基团且该基团能被水解酶水解而使得对应的C-N,P-N,S-N键断裂。
2.根据权利要求1所述化合物,其选自式I化合物,
其中,
I-5为在生物体内能被转化为上述I-3的前药,
R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、芳基或Z取代芳基、杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基;
R3是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R3是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCO-R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR6R7,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
R4、R5各自独立地是氢、卤素、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基或者R4、R5是-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6CONR6R7或者R4、R5和与其所键结的苯环上的原子一起形成7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
R6和R7各自独立地是氢、氰基或异氰基、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基、C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、C1-C6烷氧基或Z取代的C1-C6烷氧基,或者R6、R7基团与其所键结的原子一起形成3-7元杂环基或Z取代3-7元杂环基,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
Y为O或者S;
Cx选自C6-C10芳基或Z取代芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环以及-CONR6R7、-SO2NR6R7、-SO2R6、-OCOO-R6、-COOR6、-NR6COR7、-OCOR6、-NR6SO2R7、-NR6SO2NR6R7、-COR6、-NR6CONR6R7取代的C6-C10芳基、4-15元杂环、5-15元杂芳基、7-15元的稠环,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;
L选自-O-、-S-、-OCOO-、-NR6CO-、-OCO-、-NR6SO2-、-OCONR6-、季铵根、磺酸酯基-OSO2-;
Cy选自氢、氘、C6-C10芳基或Z取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或Z取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或Z取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或Z取代稠环,C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代C3-C8环烷基;
或
Cy选自
或Cy选自中两个OR6与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中OR6与NR6R7与P原子所形成的5-10元环基团、中两个NR6R7与P原子所形成5-10元环基团;
Z取代基为卤素原子、氰基或异氰基、羟基、巯基、胺基、肟基、腙基、OTs、OMs、C1-C3烷基或取代烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或取代烷氧基、C2-C3烯基或取代烯基、C2-C3炔基或取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或取代环烷基、芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环或取代芳环、杂环、杂芳环和稠环,取代的方式为单取代或偕二取代;
Cz基团为含有C、P、S的基团且该基团能被水解酶水解而使得对应的C-N,P-N,S-N键断裂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中,
所述R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、C1-C6烷基或Z取代烷基、C2-C6烯基或Z取代烯基、C2-C6炔基或Z取代炔基、C3-C8环烷基或Z取代环烷基,优选地,R1、R2各自独立地为氢、氘、甲基;或
所述R3、R4、R5各自独立地为氢。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的化合物,其中,
Cx为-CONR6R7取代的苯基,且R6,R7与N形成或不形成4-8元Z取代杂环;或
L选自-O-、-S-;或
Cy选自C6-C10芳基或卤素取代的芳基、4-15元杂环或卤素取代杂环、5-15元杂芳基或卤素取代杂芳基、7-15元的稠环或卤素取代稠环,优选地,Cy选自氟苯基、二氟苯基、三氟苯基;或
Cz选自-COR6,-COOR6;优选地,-NH-Cz为磷酰胺基团。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的化合物,其中,
Cy选自 或Z取代的
6.根据权利要求1-5所述的化合物,选自以下结构的化合物
7.含有权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物的药品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的药品,该药品用于预防或治疗疾病/病症,所述疾病/病症包括子宫内膜异位症、子宫平滑肌瘤、子宫出血性病症、痛经、前列腺增生、痤疮、皮脂溢、脱发、过早性成熟、多囊卵巢综合征、慢性阻塞性肺病COPD、肥胖、炎性疼痛或癌症或炎症或癌性疼痛。
9.权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物在制备治疗和预防相关疾病/病症的药品中的用途,所述疾病/病症包括子宫内膜异位症、子宫平滑肌瘤、子宫出血性病症、痛经、前列腺增生、痤疮、皮脂溢、脱发、过早性成熟、多囊卵巢综合征、慢性阻塞性肺病COPD、肥胖、炎性疼痛或癌症或炎症或癌性疼痛。
10.权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物或同位素取代化合物作为AKR1C3酶抑制剂的用途。
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