CN116552321B - Management method and device for power battery of vehicle and vehicle - Google Patents

Management method and device for power battery of vehicle and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116552321B
CN116552321B CN202310832982.XA CN202310832982A CN116552321B CN 116552321 B CN116552321 B CN 116552321B CN 202310832982 A CN202310832982 A CN 202310832982A CN 116552321 B CN116552321 B CN 116552321B
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state
cell group
power
cell
battery
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CN116552321A (en
Inventor
王乐秋
黄帅
郭聪聪
张钊
马贺龙
李俣彤
任一飞
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Xuzhou Xugong Automobile Manufacturing Co ltd
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Xuzhou Xugong Automobile Manufacturing Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure provides a management method and device for a power battery of a vehicle and the vehicle, and relates to the technical field of power battery management, wherein the power battery comprises a plurality of battery cell groups, each battery cell group comprises at least one battery cell, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring state parameters of each cell group; determining the health state of each cell group according to the state parameters; and controlling each of the plurality of battery cell groups to be in a corresponding state according to the health state of the plurality of battery cell groups and the required power of the motor in the vehicle, wherein the state is a first state or a second state, and each battery cell group is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and stop supplying power to the motor in the second state.

Description

Management method and device for power battery of vehicle and vehicle
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of power battery management, in particular to a power battery management method and device for a vehicle and the vehicle.
Background
The power of the conventional vehicles is provided by fossil fuel, which causes emission of a large amount of exhaust gas and particulate matter, causing serious pollution to the environment.
In order to reduce environmental pollution, new energy vehicles powered by power batteries are gradually popularized and used. Because the battery pack replaces fuel oil, the new energy vehicle (particularly a heavy truck) has more comfortable riding experience, lower noise, more convenient gear shifting and less vibration compared with the traditional vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
However, in the related art, the power battery of the new energy vehicle has a short service life and high maintenance cost.
In order to solve the above-described problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose the following solutions.
According to an aspect of the disclosed embodiments, there is provided a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle, the power battery including a plurality of battery cell groups, each battery cell group including at least one battery cell, the method including: acquiring state parameters of each cell group; determining the health state of each cell group according to the state parameters; and controlling each of the plurality of battery cell groups to be in a corresponding state according to the health state of the plurality of battery cell groups and the required power of the motor in the vehicle, wherein the state is a first state or a second state, and each battery cell group is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and stop supplying power to the motor in the second state.
In some embodiments, controlling each of the plurality of battery cell groups to be in a respective state according to a health state of the plurality of battery cell groups and a required power of a motor in the vehicle comprises: determining one or more first cell groups with health states better than a first preset state from the plurality of cell groups according to the health states of the plurality of cell groups; selecting at least one second cell group providing a total power greater than the required power from the one or more first cell groups according to the required power; controlling the at least one second cell group to be in the first state; and controlling the cell groups except the at least one second cell group in the plurality of cell groups to be in the second state.
In some embodiments, the required power varies within a preset power range, the preset power range being divided into a plurality of subintervals and at least one hysteresis interval, any one hysteresis interval being interposed between two adjacent subintervals, wherein: the number of second cell groups in the first state is different in the case where the required power is located in different sub-intervals, and the at least one second cell group remains unchanged in the case where the required power is changed from any one sub-interval to a hysteresis interval adjacent thereto.
In some embodiments, the capacities of the plurality of battery cell groups are the same, the number is M, M is an integer, and the number of the at least one second battery cell group is an integer obtained by upwardly rounding the product of the sum of the percentage of the total power provided by the plurality of battery cell groups and the upper limit of the subinterval where the required power is located.
In some embodiments, the capacities of the plurality of battery cell groups are the same, the number is M, M is an integer, and the number of the at least one second battery cell group is an integer obtained by upwardly rounding the product of the percentage of the required power to the total power provided by the plurality of battery cell groups and M.
In some embodiments, determining the health status of each cell group based on the status parameters comprises: and carrying out gray correlation analysis on the state parameters to determine the health state.
In some embodiments, performing a gray correlation analysis on the status parameter to determine the health status comprises: carrying out dimensionless treatment on the state parameters to obtain dimensionless parameters; calculating a correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number; determining the association degree according to the association coefficient; and determining the health state according to the association degree.
In some embodiments, the state parameters are non-dimensionalized based on the following formula:
，
wherein x is i For the state parameter, x, of the ith cell group of the plurality of cell groups 0 For the first standard state parameter, x, of the battery cell group under the optimal condition of the health state m Is the second standard state parameter, y, of the battery cell group under the worst condition of the health state i Is the dimensionless parameter of the state parameter of the ith cell group.
In some embodiments, the correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number is calculated based on the following formula:
，
wherein r is a correlation coefficient, Δ min For two-stage minimum differences, delta, between dimensionless parameters at multiple moments and the standard state parameters max For the two-stage maximum difference, delta, between the dimensionless number of the plurality of moments and the standard state number j (k) And p is a resolution coefficient, which is the absolute difference between the dimensionless number of the j-th moment in the plurality of moments and the standard state parameter.
In some embodiments, the resolution factor is greater than 0 and less than 0.5.
In some embodiments, the resolution factor is equal to 0.2.
In some embodiments, the power battery includes a plurality of battery cells in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery cell groups, the plurality of battery cells being connected in series between the first positive electrode and the first negative electrode of the power battery via respective first ends and second ends, each battery cell including a corresponding one of the battery cell groups and a connecting member having one end connected with the first end and a second negative electrode of each battery cell group connected with the second end, wherein: the first end of any one cell unit is controlled to be connected with the second positive electrode of the cell group in the cell unit through the connecting component so as to control the cell group to be in the first state; and the first end of any one cell unit is controlled to be connected with the second negative electrode of the cell group in the cell unit through the connecting component so as to control the cell group to be in the second state.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and under the condition that the health state of any one of the battery cell groups is worse than the second preset state, giving an alarm.
In some embodiments, the status parameter includes at least one of voltage, current, and temperature.
According to another aspect of the disclosed embodiments, there is provided a management apparatus for a power battery of a vehicle, the power battery including a plurality of battery cell groups, each battery cell group including at least one battery cell, the apparatus comprising: the acquisition module is configured to acquire the state parameters of each cell group; the determining module is configured to determine the health state of each cell group according to the state parameters; and a control module configured to control each of the plurality of battery cell groups to be in a corresponding state according to a health state of the plurality of battery cell groups and a required power of a motor in the vehicle, the state being a first state or a second state, wherein each battery cell group is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and stop supplying power to the motor in the second state.
According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a management apparatus for a power battery of a vehicle, including: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform the method of any of the embodiments described above based on instructions stored in the memory.
According to still another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including: the management device for a power battery of a vehicle according to any one of the above embodiments; and the power battery.
According to a further aspect of the disclosed embodiments, a computer readable storage medium is provided, comprising computer program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any of the embodiments described above.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, state parameters of a plurality of battery cell groups in a power battery of a vehicle are obtained, and health states of the plurality of battery cell groups are determined according to the state parameters. In one aspect, controlling each of the battery cell groups to power or to stop powering the motor based on the determined health status of the plurality of battery cell groups may help reduce the use of battery cell groups with poor health status. On the other hand, controlling each cell group to supply power to the motor or stop supplying power to the motor according to the required power of the motor can help reduce the power waste of the cell group. Therefore, the service life of the battery cell group can be prolonged, the service life of the power battery can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the power battery can be reduced.
The technical scheme of the present disclosure is described in further detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to further embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to further embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a management device for a power battery of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a management device for a power battery of a vehicle according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a management system for a power battery of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this disclosure without inventive faculty, are intended to fall within the scope of this disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
The vehicle may be a new energy vehicle such as an automobile or a heavy truck. The power battery is used to power the vehicle. The power battery comprises a plurality of battery cell groups. Each cell group comprises at least one cell. In some embodiments, each cell group includes one cell. In other embodiments, each cell group includes a plurality of cells.
For example, the power cell includes 9 cell groups, each cell group including 21 cells, and 189 cells in total. The capacity of each cell group was about 50.67 ampere hours (Ah), and the total capacity of the power cells was about 456Ah.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for managing the power battery of the vehicle includes steps 102 to 106.
In step 102, a state parameter of each cell group is obtained.
In some embodiments, the state parameter of each cell group may include at least one of current, voltage, and temperature. For example, the state parameter includes any one of current, voltage, and temperature. As another example, the state parameters include any two of current, voltage, and temperature. As another example, the state parameters include current, voltage, and temperature.
In some embodiments, each cell group may be provided with a corresponding sensor for acquiring a state parameter of the cell group. As some implementations, the sensor may be configured to collect the status parameter once at predetermined time intervals (e.g., 0.2 seconds).
The status parameters acquired by the sensor may be sent to a signal processing unit. For example, the status parameters acquired by different sensors may be sent to the same signal processing unit; as another example, status parameters acquired by different sensors may be sent to different signal processing units. In these embodiments, the state parameters for each cell group may be obtained from the signal processing unit.
In step 104, the health status of each cell group is determined according to the status parameters of each cell group.
In some embodiments, the health status of each cell group may be represented by a score. For example, a higher score indicates a better health status of the cell group, i.e., the healthier the cell group. In other embodiments, the health status of each cell group may be represented by a grade. For example, the health of a cell group may be represented by the levels "healthy", "good", "general", "poor" and "fault". In this case, the cell group with the "healthy" class has the best health status and the cell group with the "faulty" class has the worst health status.
In step 106, each of the plurality of battery cell groups is controlled to be in a corresponding state according to the health status of the plurality of battery cell groups and the required power of the motor in the vehicle.
Here, each cell group is in the first state or the second state. Each of the battery cell groups is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and to stop supplying power to the motor in the second state. In other words, in the first state, the battery cell group is accessed for use; in the second state, the cell stack is not connected to the battery, but is disconnected.
For example, the plurality of battery cell groups can be controlled to be in the first state or the second state according to the health states of the plurality of battery cell groups and the required power of the motor. For another example, at least some of the plurality of battery cell groups may be controlled to be in a first state and other battery cell groups may be controlled to be in a second state based on the health status of the plurality of battery cell groups and the power demand of the motor.
In the above embodiment, the state parameters of the plurality of battery cell groups in the power battery of the vehicle are obtained, and the health states of the plurality of battery cell groups are determined according to the state parameters. In one aspect, controlling each of the battery cell groups to power or to stop powering the motor based on the determined health status of the plurality of battery cell groups may help reduce the use of battery cell groups with poor health status. On the other hand, controlling each cell group to supply power to the motor or stop supplying power to the motor according to the required power of the motor can help reduce the power waste of the cell group. Therefore, the service life of the battery cell group can be prolonged, the service life of the power battery can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the power battery can be reduced.
Some implementations of how the cell groups are controlled to be in the first state or the second state are described below in connection with fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a power cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 2, the power cell 200 includes a plurality of battery cells 230. The plurality of battery cells 230 are connected in series between the first positive electrode 210 and the first negative electrode 220 of the power cell 200 via respective first and second ends 231, 232. The first end 231 may be one of an input end and an output end, and the second end 232 may be the other of the input end and the output end.
The plurality of battery cells 230 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery cell groups 233. Here, each of the battery cells 230 includes a corresponding one of the battery cell groups 233 and the connection part 234. The power cell 200 is schematically shown in fig. 2 as comprising 3 cell units 230, i.e. the power cell 200 comprises 3 cell groups 233.
One end of the connection member 234 is connected to the first end 231 of the cell unit 230 where it is located. The second negative electrode 2332 of each cell group 233 is connected to the second end 232 of the cell unit 230 where it is located.
In these implementations, the first state of the cell group 233 can be controlled by controlling the first end 231 of any one of the cell units 230 to be connected to the second positive electrode 2331 of the cell group 233 in that cell unit 230 via the connection member 234. In addition, the first terminal 231 of any one of the battery cells 230 may be controlled to be connected to the second negative electrode 2332 of the battery cell group 233 in the battery cell 230 via the connection member 234, so that the battery cell group 233 is controlled to be in the second state.
It should be appreciated that the first end 231 of the cell unit 230 is connected to only one of the second positive electrode 2331 and the second negative electrode 2332 of the cell group 233 via the connection member 234 at each time.
Referring to fig. 2, the connection member 234 may be, for example, a single pole double throw switch. One end of the single pole double throw switch is connected to the first end 231. When the first terminal 231 is connected to the second positive electrode 2331 of the battery cell 233 via a single pole double throw switch, the battery cell 233 is in the first state. When the first terminal 231 is connected to the second negative electrode 2332 of the cell group 233 via a single pole double throw switch, the cell group 233 is in the second state.
Thus, by controlling the first end 231 of any one of the battery cells 230 to be connected to the second positive electrode 2331 or the second negative electrode 2332 of the battery cell group 233 via the connection member 234, the battery cell group 233 can be controlled to be in the first state or the second state.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to further embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 3, step 106 includes steps 1062-1068.
In step 1062, one or more first cell groups having a health status that is better than the first preset status are determined from the plurality of cell groups based on the health status of the plurality of cell groups.
The states of health of the cell groups are illustrated by way of example with five classes of "healthy", "good", "general", "poor" and "faulty". In this case, the cell group having a health state better than the "failure" level may be determined as the N first cell groups, that is, the cell group having any one of "healthy", good "," general "and" poor "health state may be determined as the first cell group.
At step 1064, at least one second cell group is selected from the one or more first cell groups that provides a total power greater than the demand power based on the demand power.
As some implementations, at least one second cell group may be randomly selected from one or more first cell groups. As further implementations, at least one second cell group with optimal health status may be selected from the one or more first cell groups. For example, a cell group with a "poor" state of health is selected as the second cell group if the required power is large, and is not selected as the second cell group if the required power is small.
At step 1066, at least one second cell group is controlled to be in a first state.
In step 1068, the cell groups of the plurality of cell groups other than the at least one second cell group are controlled to be in the second state.
In the above embodiment, at least one second cell group of the one or more first cell groups whose health state is better than the first preset state is controlled to be in the first state, and the other cell groups are controlled to be in the second state. In this way, the use of the battery cell group with poor health state can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the service life of the battery cell group can be prolonged, the service life of the power battery can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the power battery can be reduced.
Taking the first preset state as "fault" as an example, by executing steps 1062 to 1068, it can be ensured that the faulty battery cell group is not accessed and used in any case.
The method shown in fig. 3 is further described below in connection with some embodiments.
In some embodiments, the required power of the motor varies within a preset power range. The preset power range is divided into a plurality of subintervals and at least one hysteresis interval, and any one hysteresis interval is between two adjacent subintervals.
In these embodiments, the number of second cell groups in the first state is different in case the required power is located in different sub-intervals, and at least one second cell group remains unchanged in case the required power is changed from any one sub-interval to a hysteresis interval adjacent thereto. That is, the number and state of the at least one second cell group in the second state are unchanged.
As some implementations, the location of the demand power in different subintervals represents different operating conditions. The current working condition can be judged and selected according to the required power of the motor.
For ease of understanding, the following description is provided in connection with examples. It is assumed that the required power is expressed as a percentage of the total power provided by the plurality of cell groups. In this case, the preset power range may be divided into two sub-intervals and one hysteresis interval. Specifically, the required power is less than 48% in the first subinterval (hereinafter referred to as the half-power interval, i.e., the half-power condition), and the required power is greater than 52% in the second subinterval (hereinafter referred to as the full-power interval, i.e., the full-power condition). At this time, the required power is 48% or more and 52% or less, which is the hysteresis zone.
For example, the required power of the motor is first located in a half power interval (for example, 45%). In this case, 5 second cell groups among the 9 cell groups are controlled to be in the first state. Then, the required power of the motor is increased from the half power section to the hysteresis section. In this case, the same 5 second cell groups among the 9 cell groups are still kept in the first state.
For another example, the required power of the motor is first located in a full power interval (e.g., 90%). In this case, all of the 9 cell groups are controlled to be in the first state. Then, the required power of the motor is reduced from the full power interval to the hysteresis interval. In this case, the 9 cell groups are still all controlled to be in the first state.
Because of the complex vehicle conditions, the demanded power of the motor is not stable (e.g., it is easy to recover to one subinterval after changing from the subinterval to the hysteresis interval adjacent thereto). By setting at least one second cell group in the first state to be unchanged when the required power changes to the hysteresis interval, the frequency of switching the cell group between the first state and the second state can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the service life of the battery cell group can be further prolonged, the service life of the power battery is further prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the power battery is reduced.
In some embodiments, each of the plurality of cell groups has the same capacity and is M in number. M is an integer. In this case, the number of the at least one second cell group is an integer obtained by upwardly rounding the product of the sum of the percentage of the required power and the total power supplied by the plurality of cell groups and M.
In other embodiments, each of the plurality of cell groups has the same capacity and is M in number. M is an integer. The preset power range of the required power is divided into a subinterval and a hysteresis interval. In this case, the number of the at least one second cell group is an integer obtained by upwardly rounding the product of the sum of the M and the percentage of the total power provided by the plurality of cell groups occupied by the upper limit of the subinterval where the required power is located.
For example, the required power is 45% of the total power provided by the plurality of cell groups, and the number of the plurality of cell groups and the first cell group is 9. The required power is located in a half power interval. In this case, the number of the at least one second cell group is an integer obtained by multiplying the percentage (i.e., 48%) of the total power that the plurality of cell groups can provide by the upper limit of the half power interval by 9. That is, in the case that the required power is located in the half power section, the number of the at least one second cell group is equal to 5.
In this way, the power waste of the battery cell group can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the service life of the battery cell group can be further prolonged, the service life of the power battery can be further prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the power battery can be further reduced.
Some embodiments of the management method of the power battery of the present disclosure will be further described below.
In some embodiments, an alarm is issued if the health status of any one of the cell groups is worse than the second preset status. For example, if the health status of the cell group is "poor" or "faulty", an alarm is issued to report the cell group with poor health status and schedule maintenance. Therefore, the battery cell group with poor health state can be timely reminded to maintain.
In some embodiments, at step 104, a gray correlation analysis is performed on the status parameters of each cell group to determine the health status of each cell group. This is explained below in connection with fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method of managing a power battery for a vehicle according to further embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the step 104 includes steps 1042 to 1048.
In step 1042, the state parameters of each cell group are dimensionless processed to obtain dimensionless parameters.
The dimensionless processing may include, but is not limited to, extremum processing, normalization processing, and the like. For example, the state parameters of each cell group at a certain moment include voltage, current and temperature, in which case the voltage, current and temperature of the cell group at the moment can be processed in a non-dimensionality way.
In some embodiments, the state parameters for each cell group are dimensionless based on the following formula:
，
wherein x is i For the state parameter, x, of the ith cell group of the plurality of cell groups 0 For the first standard state parameter, x, of the battery cell group under the optimal condition of the health state m Is the second standard state parameter, y, of the battery cell group under the worst condition of the health state i Is the dimensionless parameter of the state parameter of the ith cell group.
The most healthy state is, for example, healthy and the worst healthy state is, for example, faulty. In other words, the first standard state parameter may be a standard value (i.e., a nominal value) of the state parameter of the healthy cell group, and the second standard state parameter may be a standard value of the state parameter of the failed cell group.
The first standard state parameter and the second standard state parameter may be determined based on expert experience. Taking the first standard state parameter as an example, the state parameters in the normal running process of the same batch of vehicles just coming out of the warehouse can be collected, and the average value of the collected state parameters is taken as the first standard state parameter.
The state parameters of each cell group are subjected to dimensionless processing based on the formula, so that the influence of extreme values and abnormal values in the state parameters on results can be effectively reduced. Thus, the health state of the battery cell group can be accurately determined.
In addition, since parameters such as the mean value, standard deviation and the like of the state parameters are not required to be used in the calculation process, the non-dimensionalization processing based on the formula has the advantage of simple calculation compared with other types of non-dimensionalization processing. In this way, it is possible to reduce the processing pressure of the calculation units that perform the calculations, and reduce the possibility of failure of these calculation units that perform the calculations.
In step 1044, a correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number is calculated.
The standard state parameters may be determined based on expert experience. In some embodiments, the standard state parameter is a first standard state parameter of the cell group under optimal conditions of health. In other embodiments, the standard state parameter is a second standard state parameter of the cell group at worst of health.
In step 1046, a degree of association is determined based on the association coefficient.
As some implementations, a corresponding one or more correlation coefficients may be calculated based on the state parameters of the cell group at each time instant. Taking the state parameters including voltage, current and temperature as examples, three corresponding association coefficients can be calculated based on the state parameters of the battery cell group at each moment. In these implementations, all correlation coefficients calculated based on state parameters at multiple times over a period of time may be weighted averaged to obtain a degree of correlation.
In step 1048, a health status is determined based on the degree of association.
In some embodiments, the standard state parameter in step 1044 is a first standard state parameter of the cell group under optimal conditions of health. In this case, the higher the correlation, the better the health state of the cell group.
In other embodiments, the standard state parameter in step 1044 is a second standard state parameter of the cell group in the worst case of a health state. In this case, the higher the degree of correlation, the worse the health state of the cell group.
The description will be given taking an example in which the standard state parameter is the first standard state parameter. The range of the association degree is [0,1]. In the case where the degree of association is in (0.9,1), the state of health of the cell group may be determined to be "healthy". In the case where the degree of association is in (0.7,0.9), the state of health of the cell group may be determined to be "good". In the case where the degree of association is in (0.5,0.7), the state of health of the cell group may be determined to be "general". In the case where the degree of association is in (0.2, 0.5), the state of health of the cell group may be determined to be "poor". In the case where the degree of association is in [0,0.2], the state of health of the cell group may be determined to be "faulty".
Thus, the health state of each cell group can be determined by gray correlation analysis of the state parameters of each cell group.
In some embodiments, at step 1044, the correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number may be calculated based on the following formula:
，
In the formula delta min For two-stage minimum difference delta between dimensionless parameters and standard state parameters of any one cell group at a plurality of moments max For the two-stage maximum difference, delta, between the dimensionless parameters and the standard state parameters of the cell group at the plurality of moments j (k) And p is a resolution coefficient for the absolute difference between the dimensionless parameter of the battery cell group at the j-th moment and the standard state parameter in the plurality of moments.
As some implementations, standard state parameter orderingColumn Y 0 ={y 0 (1),y 0 (2),y 0 (3) Represented by, where y 0 (1) Can be the standard value of temperature, y 0 (2) Can be the standard value of current, y 0 (3) May be a standard value of the voltage.
And acquiring state parameters of the battery cell group acquired by the sensor at S moments (namely the moments) within a period of time, wherein S is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Specifically, the sequence Y for dimensionless parameters corresponding to the state parameter of the cell group at the j-th time among the S times j ={y j (1),y j (2),y j (3) Represented by, where y j (1) Is the temperature at the j-th moment, y j (2) Is the current at the j-th moment, y j (3) Is the voltage at the j-th time. For the plurality of battery cell groups, the dimensionless parameter corresponding to the state parameter of the ith battery cell group in the plurality of battery cell groups at the jth moment can be expressed as Y ij And will not be described in detail herein.
In this case, for example, y can be determined 1 (k) To y s (k) And calculates the maximum value and y 0 (k) A first absolute value of the difference between them. In addition, y can be determined 1 (k) To y s (k) And calculates the minimum value and y 0 (k) A second absolute value of the difference between them. The first absolute value and the second absolute value are one and the other of a two-stage maximum difference and a two-stage minimum difference, respectively. Here, k is any one integer of 1 to 3.
Also for example, y can be calculated separately 1 (k) To y s (k) Each item of (2) is equal to y 0 (k) The absolute value of the difference between them to obtain S absolute values. The maximum value of the S absolute values is a two-stage maximum difference, and the minimum value of the S absolute values is a two-stage minimum difference.
Further, y j (k) And y is 0 (k) The absolute value of the difference between the non-dimensionalized parameter at the j-th time and the standard state parameter (i.e., delta j (k)）。
In some embodiments, the resolution factor is greater than 0 and less than 0.5, i.e., 0 < ρ < 0.5. For example, ρ=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4. As some implementations, the resolution factor is greater than 0 and less than 0.4. As other implementations, the resolution factor is greater than 0 and less than 0.3.
Because the current and the voltage of the battery cell group have the characteristic of obvious forward overshoot under most working conditions, the error of the forward overshoot part in the current and the voltage on the correlation coefficient can be reduced by setting the resolution coefficient to be more than 0 and less than 0.5.
Therefore, the correlation coefficient between the dimensionless parameters and the standard state parameters can be accurately calculated, so that the health state of the battery cell group can be accurately determined later.
By analysis, the setting of the resolution coefficient to 0.2 can more accurately calculate the association coefficient between the dimensionless parameter and the standard state parameter so as to more accurately determine the health state of the battery cell group later.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a management device for a power battery of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 5, the management apparatus 500 for a power battery of a vehicle includes an acquisition module 501, a determination module 502, and a control module 503. The power battery includes a plurality of cell groups, and each cell group includes at least one cell.
The acquisition module 501 is configured to acquire the state parameters of each cell group. The acquisition module 501 may be, for example, a condition monitoring module for a power cell.
The determination module 502 is configured to determine the health status of each cell group based on the status parameters of each cell group. The determination module 502 may be, for example, a health assessment module of a power battery.
The control module 503 is configured to control each of the plurality of battery cell groups to be in a respective first state or second state according to a health status of the battery cell groups and a required power of a motor in the vehicle. Here, any one of the cell groups is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and to stop supplying power to the motor in the second state. The control module 503 may be, for example, a predictive maintenance module for the power cells.
It should be understood that the management apparatus 500 may also include other various modules to perform the management method for the power battery of the vehicle of any of the above embodiments.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a management device for a power battery of a vehicle according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 6, the management apparatus 600 for a power battery of a vehicle includes a memory 601 and a processor 602 coupled to the memory 601, the processor 602 being configured to execute the management method for a power battery of a vehicle of any one of the above embodiments based on instructions stored in the memory 601.
The memory 601 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed nonvolatile storage medium, and the like. The system memory may store, for example, an operating system, application programs, boot Loader (Boot Loader), and other programs.
The management device 600 may also include an input-output interface 603, a network interface 604, a storage interface 605, and the like. The input/output 603, the network interface 604, the storage interface 605, and the memory 601 and the processor 602 may be connected via a bus 606, for example. The input output interface 603 provides a connection interface for input output devices such as a display, mouse, keyboard, touch screen, etc. The network interface 604 provides a connection interface for various networking devices. The storage interface 605 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as SD cards, U-discs, and the like.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a management system for a power battery of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 7, the management system includes a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) 701 and a power battery.
The BMS 701 may include the management device (e.g., device 500/600) for the power battery of the vehicle of any of the above embodiments. The power cell may be the power cell of any of the embodiments described above (e.g., power cell 200). The power cell is schematically shown in fig. 7 to include 9 cell groups 702. Each cell group 702 may include, for example, a capacitor C and a resistor R as shown in fig. 7.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, each cell group 702 is provided with a sensor 703 on a side near the positive and negative electrodes, the sensor 703 being configured to collect a state parameter of the cell group 702.
Each sensor 703 is further configured to send the acquired state parameters to a corresponding signal processing unit 704. Fig. 7 schematically shows that each sensor 703 corresponds to one signal processing unit 704. The BMS 701 is configured to acquire the state parameters of each cell group 702 from the plurality of signal processing units 704.
The presently disclosed embodiments also provide a vehicle including the management apparatus (e.g., the management apparatus 500 or 600) for a power battery of the vehicle of any of the above embodiments and the power battery of any of the above embodiments. The vehicle may be a new energy vehicle such as a heavy truck, automobile, or the like.
In some embodiments, the vehicle includes the management system for the power cells of the vehicle of any of the embodiments described above.
The disclosed embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of managing a power battery for a vehicle of any one of the above embodiments.
The disclosed embodiments also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of the above embodiments.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. How to implement the solutions disclosed herein will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different manner from other embodiments, so that the same or similar parts between the embodiments are mutually referred to. For the device and vehicle embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as it corresponds substantially to the method embodiments, with reference to the partial description of the method embodiments being relevant.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable non-transitory storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that functions specified in one or more of the flowcharts and/or one or more of the blocks in the block diagrams may be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A method of managing a power battery for a vehicle, the power battery comprising a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell comprising at least one battery cell, the method comprising:
acquiring state parameters of each cell group, wherein the state parameters comprise voltage, current and temperature;
Determining the health state of each cell group according to the state parameters;
selecting at least one second cell group with total power greater than the required power of a motor in the vehicle from one or more first cell groups with health states superior to a first preset state in the plurality of cell groups; and
controlling the at least one second cell group to be in a first state, controlling the cell groups except the at least one second cell group in the plurality of cell groups to be in a second state,
each battery cell group is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and stop supplying power to the motor in the second state;
the required power is changed in a preset power range, the preset power range is divided into a plurality of subintervals and at least one hysteresis interval, and any one hysteresis interval is between two adjacent subintervals;
in the case that the required power is located in different sub-intervals, the number of the second cell groups in the first state is different, and
the at least one second cell group remains unchanged in the case that the required power is changed from any one subinterval to a hysteresis interval adjacent thereto.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cell groups have the same capacity and are M in number, M being an integer, and the at least one second cell group is an integer obtained by upwardly rounding a product of a percentage of the total power provided by the plurality of cell groups and M by an upper limit of a subinterval in which the required power is located.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the health status of each cell group based on the status parameters comprises:
and carrying out gray correlation analysis on the state parameters to determine the health state.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein performing a gray correlation analysis on the status parameter to determine the health status comprises:
carrying out dimensionless treatment on the state parameters to obtain dimensionless parameters;
calculating a correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number;
determining the association degree according to the association coefficient; and
and determining the health state according to the association degree.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the state parameter is dimensionless based on the following formula:
，
wherein x is i For the state parameter, x, of the ith cell group of the plurality of cell groups 0 For the first standard state parameter, x, of the battery cell group under the optimal condition of the health state m Is the second standard shape of the battery cell group under the worst condition of health stateState parameter, y i Is the dimensionless parameter of the state parameter of the ith cell group.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the correlation coefficient between the dimensionless number and the standard state number is calculated based on the following formula:
，
wherein r is a correlation coefficient, Δ min For two-stage minimum differences, delta, between dimensionless parameters at multiple moments and the standard state parameters max For the two-stage maximum difference, delta, between the dimensionless number of the plurality of moments and the standard state number j (k) And p is a resolution coefficient, which is the absolute difference between the dimensionless number of the j-th moment in the plurality of moments and the standard state parameter.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the resolution factor is greater than 0 and less than 0.5.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the resolution factor is equal to 0.2.
9. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the power cell comprises a plurality of cells in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cell groups, the plurality of cells being connected in series between a first positive electrode and a first negative electrode of the power cell via respective first and second ends, each cell comprising a corresponding one of the cell groups and a connecting member having one end connected to the first end and a second negative electrode of each cell group connected to the second end, wherein:
The first end of any one cell unit is controlled to be connected with the second positive electrode of the cell group in the cell unit through the connecting component so as to control the cell group to be in the first state; and is also provided with
The first end of any one cell unit is controlled to be connected with the second negative electrode of the cell group in the cell unit through the connecting component so as to control the cell group to be in the second state.
10. The method of any of claims 1-8, further comprising:
and under the condition that the health state of any one of the battery cell groups is worse than the second preset state, giving an alarm.
11. A management device for a power battery of a vehicle, the power battery comprising a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell comprising at least one battery cell, the device comprising:
the acquisition module is configured to acquire state parameters of each cell group, wherein the state parameters comprise voltage, current and temperature;
the determining module is configured to determine the health state of each cell group according to the state parameters; and
a control module configured to select at least one second cell group providing a total power greater than a required power of a motor in the vehicle from one or more first cell groups having a health state better than a first preset state among the plurality of cell groups, control the at least one second cell group to be in the first state, and control cell groups other than the at least one second cell group among the plurality of cell groups to be in the second state,
Each battery cell group is configured to supply power to the motor in the first state and stop supplying power to the motor in the second state;
the required power is changed in a preset power range, the preset power range is divided into a plurality of subintervals and at least one hysteresis interval, and any one hysteresis interval is between two adjacent subintervals;
in the case that the required power is located in different sub-intervals, the number of the second cell groups in the first state is different, and
the at least one second cell group remains unchanged in the case that the required power is changed from any one subinterval to a hysteresis interval adjacent thereto.
12. A management device for a power battery of a vehicle, comprising:
a memory; and
a processor coupled to the memory and configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-10 based on instructions stored in the memory.
13. A vehicle, comprising:
the management apparatus for a power battery of a vehicle according to claim 11 or 12; and
the power battery.
14. A computer readable storage medium comprising computer program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method of managing a power battery for a vehicle of any one of claims 1-10.
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CN105958140A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-09-21 广东亿纬赛恩斯新能源系统有限公司 Lithium ion power battery protection device and method
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