CN111301219B - Method, system, equipment and readable storage medium for controlling battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Method, system, equipment and readable storage medium for controlling battery of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111301219B CN111301219B CN202010128337.6A CN202010128337A CN111301219B CN 111301219 B CN111301219 B CN 111301219B CN 202010128337 A CN202010128337 A CN 202010128337A CN 111301219 B CN111301219 B CN 111301219B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery control method of an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the output voltage and the output current of a battery; calculating the current residual electric quantity; judging whether the current residual capacity is larger than a preset low-power threshold value, setting the discharge cutoff residual capacity as the preset low-power threshold value when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, calculating output power when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, acquiring load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharge cutoff residual capacity as the current residual capacity when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, and controlling the battery to continue discharging and ending the battery control method of the electric vehicle; and judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if so, controlling the battery to stop discharging, and if not, controlling the battery to continue discharging. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an electric vehicle battery control system, equipment and a readable storage medium. By adopting the invention, the deep discharge of the battery can be avoided, and the service life of the battery can be prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a control technology, and in particular, to a method, a system, a device and a readable storage medium for controlling a battery of an electric vehicle.
Background
In recent years, the demand for lithium iron phosphate batteries has greatly increased for many electric products, such as electric vehicles. The lithium battery can meet the energy demand of the electric automobile, and the battery plays a role in the future power energy field. The lithium battery has over-discharge phenomena with different degrees in the use process. Overdischarge of a lithium battery means that the discharge capacity of the lithium battery is greater than the rated capacity of the battery. If the battery is below a certain voltage, although a safety circuit inside the battery is started, the battery is damaged in service life at the moment, and the scrapping period of the battery is even advanced.
However, the prior art focuses on estimating SOC and battery management systems, and battery control is not performed in terms of the discharge cutoff threshold.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a battery control method, a system, equipment and a readable storage medium for an electric vehicle, which can control according to a discharge cut-off threshold value to avoid deep discharge of a battery, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a battery control method of an electric vehicle, comprising the following steps: obtaining the output voltage and the output current of a battery; calculating the current residual electric quantity according to the output voltage; judging whether the current residual capacity is larger than a preset low-power threshold value, setting the discharge cut-off residual capacity as the preset low-power threshold value when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, calculating output power according to output voltage and output current when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, acquiring load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharge cut-off residual capacity as the current residual capacity when the current residual capacity is judged to be no, and controlling a battery to continue discharging and ending the battery control method of the electric vehicle; and judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if so, controlling the battery to stop discharging, and if not, controlling the battery to continue discharging.
As an improvement of the above-described aspect, the step of calculating the current remaining power from the output voltage includes: calculating a residual electric quantity predicted value; calculating an adjustable weight vector; calculating the current residual electric quantity:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is a residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j To output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, N is the iteration number, epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
As an improvement of the above-described aspect, the step of calculating the remaining power estimated value includes: the remaining power predictive value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein S is 0 To estimate the power at the beginning of the period, Q is the total power of the battery, i is the output current, and t is the estimated period.
As an improvement of the above solution, the step of calculating the adjustable weight vector includes: s1, generating an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector; s2, acquiring a data sample of the output voltage, and generating a voltage sample; s3, calculating a current residual electric quantity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector and the formulas (1), (2) and (3); s4, respectively calculating a function sample set according to a residual electric quantity predicted value and an adjustable weight vector and a formula (2); s5, calculating variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generating a variance set, and sorting all variance values in the variance set to generate a variance sorting set; s6, adjusting the sequence of the current residual electric quantity set according to the sequence in the variance ordered set to generate a residual electric quantity ordered set, and taking the first half part of the residual electric quantity ordered set as an update set; s7, judging whether the maximum variance value in the variance sequencing set is smaller than a preset threshold value, and if so, taking the corresponding weight value in the updated set as a new adjustable weight vector; s8, judging whether the adjustable weight vector accords with normal distribution with the mean value of zero, if not, returning to the step S3.
As an improvement of the above-described aspect, the step of calculating the output power from the output voltage and the output current includes: the output power is calculated according to the following formula:
P o ＝OCV j ·i
wherein P is o For output power, OCV j For the output voltage, i is the output current.
The invention also discloses a battery control system of the electric vehicle, which comprises: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the output voltage and the output current of the battery; the current residual capacity calculation module is used for calculating the current residual capacity according to the output voltage; the system comprises a residual electric quantity judging module, a discharging cut-off low electric quantity setting module, a discharging cut-off residual electric quantity setting module and a discharging cut-off residual electric quantity judging module, wherein the residual electric quantity judging module is used for judging whether the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value or not, the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity setting module is used for setting the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity to the preset low electric quantity threshold value when the current residual electric quantity is smaller than or equal to the preset low electric quantity threshold value, the discharging cut-off residual setting module is used for calculating output power according to output voltage and output current to obtain load power when the current residual electric quantity is larger than the preset low electric quantity threshold value, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power or not, setting the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity to the current residual electric quantity when the current residual electric quantity is smaller than or equal to the preset low electric quantity threshold value, and controlling the battery to continue discharging and ending calling the battery control system of the electric vehicle; and the discharging cut-off judgment control module is used for judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity, and controlling the battery to stop discharging when the current residual electric quantity is judged to be smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity, and controlling the battery to continue discharging when the current residual electric quantity is judged to be smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity.
As an improvement of the above solution, the current remaining power calculation module includes: the estimated value calculating unit is used for calculating the estimated value of the residual electric quantity; the weight calculation unit is used for calculating an adjustable weight vector; the residual electricity calculating unit is used for calculating the current residual electricity:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is a residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j To output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, N is the iteration number, epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
As an improvement of the above-described aspect, the weight calculation unit includes: an initial weight setting subunit, configured to generate an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector; the sample acquisition subunit is used for acquiring a data sample of the output voltage and generating a voltage sample; the residual electric quantity set calculating subunit is used for calculating the current residual electric quantity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector and the formulas (1), (2) and (3); the function sample calculation subunit is used for respectively calculating function sample sets according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector and the formula (2); the variance calculation sorting subunit is used for calculating variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generating a variance set, sorting all variance values in the variance set, and generating a variance sorting set; an update set generating subunit, configured to adjust the order of the current remaining capacity set according to the order in the variance ordered set, so as to generate a remaining capacity ordered set, and use the first half of the remaining capacity ordered set as an update set; the weight updating subunit is used for judging whether the maximum variance value in the variance sorting set is smaller than a preset threshold value, and if so, taking the corresponding weight in the updating set as a new adjustable weight vector; and the termination judging subunit is used for judging whether the adjustable weight vector accords with normal distribution with the mean value of zero, and returning to the residual electricity set calculating subunit.
The invention also discloses a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of any of the methods described above when executing the computer program.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of any of the preceding claims.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method, the system, the equipment and the readable storage medium for controlling the battery of the electric vehicle can control according to the discharge cut-off threshold value, and avoid deep discharge of the battery, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery.
Specifically, after the output voltage and the output current of the battery are obtained, the current residual capacity is calculated according to the output voltage, whether the current residual capacity is larger than a preset low-power threshold value is judged, if not, the current residual capacity is too low, the discharge cut-off residual capacity is set to the preset low-power threshold value, and therefore the battery is guaranteed to stop discharging under the preset low-power threshold value, and the phenomenon that the battery discharge capacity is larger than the preset low-power is prevented, so that battery loss is reduced. If yes, calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current, obtaining load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, if yes, indicating that the current power can cause the residual electric quantity to be smaller than the required discharge electric quantity, setting the discharge cutoff residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity, so that the discharge cutoff residual electric quantity threshold value can effectively prevent the overdischarge phenomenon that the discharge electric quantity is larger than the residual electric quantity, and reduce battery loss; and finally, judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if so, controlling the battery to stop discharging so as to reduce battery loss, and if not, indicating that the current overdischarge situation is not caused, and controlling the battery to continue discharging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow chart of a battery control method of an electric vehicle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the method for controlling the battery of the electric vehicle according to the present invention for calculating the current remaining power based on the output voltage;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for controlling the battery of the electric vehicle of the present invention for calculating an adjustable weight vector;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the battery control system of the electric vehicle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current remaining power calculation module of the battery control system of the electric vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the weight calculation unit of the battery control system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It is only stated that the terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, etc. used in this document or the imminent present invention, are used only with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and are not meant to be limiting in any way.
Fig. 1 shows a general flow chart of a battery control method of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, including:
s101, obtaining the output voltage and the output current of the battery.
S102, calculating the current residual capacity according to the output voltage.
And S103, judging whether the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value.
And S104, when the judgment is no, setting the discharge cutoff residual capacity as a preset low-power threshold.
And S105, calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current, acquiring load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity when the judgment is yes, and controlling the battery to continue discharging and ending the battery control method of the electric vehicle when the judgment is no.
And S106, judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if yes, controlling the battery to stop discharging, and if no, controlling the battery to continue discharging.
According to the battery control method of the electric vehicle, the control is performed according to the discharge cut-off threshold value, so that deep discharge of the battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Specifically, after the output voltage and the output current of the battery are obtained, the current residual capacity is calculated according to the output voltage, whether the current residual capacity is larger than a preset low-power threshold value is judged, if not, the current residual capacity is too low, the discharge cut-off residual capacity is set to the preset low-power threshold value, and therefore the battery is guaranteed to stop discharging under the preset low-power threshold value, and the phenomenon that the battery discharge capacity is larger than the preset low-power is prevented, so that battery loss is reduced. If yes, calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current, obtaining load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, if yes, indicating that the current power can cause the residual electric quantity to be smaller than the required discharge electric quantity, setting the discharge cutoff residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity, so that the discharge cutoff residual electric quantity threshold value can effectively prevent the overdischarge phenomenon that the discharge electric quantity is larger than the residual electric quantity, and reduce battery loss; and finally, judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if so, controlling the battery to stop discharging so as to reduce battery loss, and if not, indicating that the current overdischarge situation is not caused, and controlling the battery to continue discharging.
The steps S101 to S106 are performed in a continuous cycle. A new cycle will be entered after one cycle is completed. In the new control cycle, starting from step S101, a new output voltage and output current are obtained, then a discharge cutoff residual capacity is set, and the discharge state of the battery is controlled according to the discharge cutoff residual capacity, so that the overdischarge condition of the battery is continuously prevented, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Further, the step of calculating the current remaining power from the output voltage includes:
s201, calculating a residual electric quantity predicted value;
s202, calculating an adjustable weight vector;
s203, calculating the current residual electric quantity:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is a residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j To output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, N is the iteration number, epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
The output voltage OCV j SOC corresponding to the current remaining power j Is the same, i.e. the output voltage OCV is detected a plurality of times j The corresponding current residual electric quantity SOC can be calculated j 。
The current residual electric quantity needs to be described according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector. The following describes a calculation method of the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector.
Further, the step of calculating the remaining power prediction value includes: the remaining power predictive value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein S is 0 To estimate the power at the beginning of the period, Q is the total power of the battery, i is the output current, and t is the estimated period.
Further, the step of calculating an adjustable weight vector includes:
s301, generating an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector;
s302, acquiring a data sample of output voltage, and generating a voltage sample;
s303, calculating a current residual electric quantity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector and the formulas (1), (2) and (3);
s304, respectively calculating a function sample set according to a residual electric quantity predicted value and an adjustable weight vector and a formula (2);
s305, calculating variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generating a variance set, and sorting all variance values in the variance set to generate a variance sorting set;
s306, adjusting the sequence of the current residual electric quantity set according to the sequence in the variance ordered set to generate a residual electric quantity ordered set, and taking the first half part of the residual electric quantity ordered set as an update set;
it should be noted that, the variance corresponding to the first half of the ordered set of remaining electric power is smaller than that of the second half, so the first half of the ordered set of remaining electric power is used as the update set, thereby determining that the adjustable weight vector close to the actual value can be calculated.
S307, judging whether the maximum variance value in the variance sequencing set is smaller than a preset threshold value, and if so, taking the corresponding weight value in the updated set as a new adjustable weight vector.
It should be noted that, each calculation cycle generates an update set, but whether the maximum variance value in the variance ordered set is smaller than the preset threshold is checked according to the weight corresponding to the update set as a new adjustable weight vector, if yes, the variance in the variance ordered set is small enough, and the new adjustable weight vector can be used according to the weight corresponding to the update set.
S308, judging whether the adjustable weight vector accords with normal distribution with zero mean value, if not, returning to the step S303.
The adjustable weight vector meets normal distribution, so that the adjustment time can be shortened, errors can be reduced, abnormal fluctuation of the adjustable weight vector can be avoided, and even the situation that calculation enters dead circulation and cannot be performed is avoided.
Further, the step of calculating the output power according to the output voltage and the output current includes: the output power is calculated according to the following formula:
P o ＝OCV j ·i
wherein P is o For output power, OCV j For the output voltage, i is the output current.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an electric vehicle battery control system 100, which comprises:
the acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring the output voltage and the output current of the battery;
the current residual capacity calculation module 2 is used for calculating the current residual capacity according to the output voltage;
the residual electric quantity judging module 3 is used for judging whether the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value or not;
a discharging cut-off low power setting module 4 for setting the discharging cut-off residual power to a preset low power threshold when the current residual power is less than or equal to the preset low power threshold,
the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity setting module 5 is used for calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current when the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value, obtaining load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity when the output power is smaller than the load power, and controlling the battery to continue discharging and ending calling the battery control system of the electric vehicle when the output power is not judged;
and the discharge cut-off judgment control module 6 is used for judging whether the current residual capacity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual capacity, and controlling the battery to stop discharging when the current residual capacity is judged to be smaller than the discharge cut-off residual capacity, and controlling the battery to continue discharging when the current residual capacity is judged to be smaller than the discharge cut-off residual capacity.
According to the battery control method of the electric vehicle, the control is performed according to the discharge cut-off threshold value, so that deep discharge of the battery is avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Specifically, after the obtaining module 1 obtains the output voltage and the output current of the battery, the current remaining capacity calculating module 2 calculates the current remaining capacity according to the output voltage, then the remaining capacity judging module 3 judges whether the current remaining capacity is greater than a preset low power threshold, if not, the current remaining capacity is too low, and if not, the discharging cut-off remaining capacity setting module 4 sets the discharging cut-off remaining capacity as the preset low power threshold, thereby ensuring that the battery stops discharging under the preset low power threshold, and preventing the overdischarge phenomenon that the discharging capacity of the battery is greater than the preset low power, so as to reduce battery loss. If yes, the discharging cut-off residual capacity setting module 5 calculates output power according to the output voltage and the output current, obtains load power, and judges whether the output power is smaller than the load power, if yes, the discharging cut-off residual capacity setting module 5 sets the discharging cut-off residual capacity as the current residual capacity, so that the threshold value of the discharging cut-off residual capacity can effectively prevent the overdischarge phenomenon that the discharging capacity is larger than the residual capacity, and the battery loss is reduced; finally, the discharge cut-off judgment control module 6 judges whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if yes, the battery is controlled to stop discharging, so that the battery loss is reduced, if no, the current overdischarge condition is indicated, and the battery can be controlled to continue discharging.
It should be noted that the above functional modules are continuously and circularly called. A new cycle will be entered after one cycle is completed. And in the new control cycle, starting to call from the acquisition module 1 to acquire new output voltage and output current, then calling other modules to set discharge cut-off residual capacity, and controlling the discharge state of the battery according to the discharge cut-off residual capacity, so that the overdischarge condition of the battery is continuously prevented, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Further, the current remaining power calculation module 2 includes:
a predicted value calculation unit 21 for calculating a predicted value of the remaining power;
a weight calculation unit 22 for calculating an adjustable weight vector;
a residual electricity calculating unit 23 for calculating the current residual electricity amount:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is a residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j To output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, N is the iteration number, epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
The output voltage OCV j SOC corresponding to the current remaining power j Is the same, i.e. the output voltage OCV is detected a plurality of times j The corresponding current residual electric quantity SOC can be calculated j 。
The current residual electric quantity needs to be described according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector. The following describes a calculation method of the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector.
Further, the estimated value calculation unit 21 calculates the remaining power estimated value according to the following formula:
wherein S is 0 To estimate the power at the beginning of the period, Q is the total power of the battery, i is the output current, and t is the estimated period.
Further, the weight calculation unit 22 includes:
an initial weight setting subunit 221, configured to generate an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector;
a sample acquiring subunit 222, configured to acquire a data sample of the output voltage, and generate a voltage sample;
a residual electricity set calculating subunit 223, configured to calculate a current residual electricity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector, and according to formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3);
the function sample calculation subunit 224 is configured to calculate a function sample set according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector, respectively according to formula (2);
a variance calculation sorting subunit 225, configured to calculate variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generate a variance set, sort all variance values in the variance set, and generate a variance sorting set;
an update set generating subunit 226, configured to adjust the order of the current remaining power set according to the order in the variance ordered set, so as to generate a remaining power ordered set, and take the first half of the remaining power ordered set as an update set;
it should be noted that, the variance corresponding to the first half of the ordered set of remaining power is smaller than that of the second half, so the update set generation subunit 226 uses the first half of the ordered set of remaining power as the update set, so as to determine that the adjustable weight vector close to the actual value can be calculated.
The weight updating subunit 227 is configured to determine whether a maximum variance value in the variance ordered set is smaller than a preset threshold, and if yes, take a corresponding weight in the updated set as a new adjustable weight vector;
it should be noted that, each calculation cycle generates an update set, but if the maximum variance value in the variance ordered set is smaller than the preset threshold according to the weight corresponding to the update set as a new adjustable weight vector, if yes, the variance of the variance ordered set is small enough, and the weight update subunit 227 can only use the weight corresponding to the update set as a new adjustable weight vector.
The termination judging subunit 228 is configured to judge whether the adjustable weight vector conforms to the normal distribution with the mean value being zero, and if not, return to the residual electric power set calculating subunit 223.
The adjustable weight vector meets normal distribution, so that the adjustment time can be shortened, errors can be reduced, abnormal fluctuation of the adjustable weight vector can be avoided, and even the situation that calculation enters dead circulation and cannot be performed is avoided.
Further, the discharge cut-off remaining setting module 5 calculates the output power according to the following formula:
P o ＝OCV j ·i
wherein P is o For output power, OCV j For the output voltage, i is the output current.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of any one of the methods when executing the computer program.
Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of the above.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery control method for an electric vehicle, comprising:
obtaining the output voltage and the output current of a battery;
calculating the current residual electric quantity according to the output voltage;
judging whether the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value,
and if not, setting the discharge cutoff residual quantity as the preset low-power threshold value,
calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current when the judgment is yes, obtaining load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity when the judgment is yes, and controlling the battery to continue discharging and ending the battery control method of the electric vehicle when the judgment is no;
and judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharge cut-off residual electric quantity, if so, controlling the battery to stop discharging, and if not, controlling the battery to continue discharging.
2. The electric vehicle battery control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the current remaining power from the output voltage includes:
calculating a residual electric quantity predicted value;
calculating an adjustable weight vector;
calculating the current residual electric quantity:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is the residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j For the output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, and N is iterationTimes epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
3. The electric vehicle battery control method according to claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the remaining power estimated value includes:
the residual capacity predicted value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein S is 0 To estimate the power at the beginning of the period, Q is the total power of the battery, i is the output current, and t is the estimated period.
4. The electric vehicle battery control method of claim 3, wherein the step of calculating an adjustable weight vector includes:
s1, generating an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector;
s2, acquiring a data sample of the output voltage, and generating a voltage sample;
s3, calculating a current residual electric quantity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector and the formulas (1), (2) and (3);
s4, respectively calculating a function sample set according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector and the formula (2);
s5, calculating variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generating a variance set, and sorting all variance values in the variance set to generate a variance sorting set;
s6, adjusting the sequence of the current residual electric quantity set according to the sequence in the variance ordered set to generate a residual electric quantity ordered set, and taking the first half part of the residual electric quantity ordered set as an update set;
s7, judging whether the maximum variance value in the variance sorting set is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, taking the corresponding weight value in the updating set as a new adjustable weight value vector;
s8, judging whether the adjustable weight vector accords with normal distribution with the mean value of zero, if not, returning to the step S3.
5. The electric vehicle battery control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the output power from the output voltage and the output current includes:
the output power is calculated according to the following formula:
P o ＝OCV j ·i
wherein the P is o For the output power, OCV j For the output voltage, i is the output current.
6. An electric vehicle battery control system, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the output voltage and the output current of the battery;
the current residual capacity calculation module is used for calculating the current residual capacity according to the output voltage;
a residual electric quantity judging module for judging whether the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value,
a discharging cut-off low power setting module for setting the discharging cut-off residual power as the preset low power threshold when the current residual power is less than or equal to the preset low power threshold,
the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity setting module is used for calculating output power according to the output voltage and the output current when the current residual electric quantity is larger than a preset low electric quantity threshold value, obtaining load power, judging whether the output power is smaller than the load power, setting the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity as the current residual electric quantity when the output power is smaller than the load power, and controlling a battery to continue discharging and ending calling the battery control system of the electric vehicle when the output power is judged to be negative;
and the discharging cut-off judgment control module is used for judging whether the current residual electric quantity is smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity, controlling the battery to stop discharging when the current residual electric quantity is judged to be smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity, and controlling the battery to continue discharging when the current residual electric quantity is judged to be smaller than the discharging cut-off residual electric quantity.
7. The electric vehicle battery control system of claim 6, wherein the current remaining power calculation module includes:
the estimated value calculating unit is used for calculating the estimated value of the residual electric quantity;
the weight calculation unit is used for calculating an adjustable weight vector;
the residual electricity calculating unit is used for calculating the current residual electricity quantity:
SOC j ＝Y(SOC,w i ,OCV j )+ε j (1)
wherein SOC is j For the current residual electric quantity, SOC is the residual electric quantity predicted value, OCV j For the output voltage, w i Is an adjustable weight vector value, BW is a kernel parameter, N is the iteration number, epsilon j Is the noise value, w 0 Is a preset initial vector value.
8. The electric vehicle battery control system according to claim 7, wherein the weight calculation unit includes:
an initial weight setting subunit, configured to generate an adjustable weight vector according to an initial value of the set adjustable weight vector;
the sample acquisition subunit is used for acquiring a data sample of the output voltage and generating a voltage sample;
the residual electricity set calculating subunit is used for calculating a current residual electricity set according to the voltage sample and the adjustable weight vector and the formulas (1), (2) and (3);
the function sample calculation subunit is used for respectively calculating a function sample set according to the residual electric quantity predicted value and the adjustable weight vector and the formula (2);
the variance calculation sorting subunit is used for calculating variances of the data samples and the function sample set, generating a variance set, sorting all variance values in the variance set, and generating a variance sorting set;
an update set generation subunit, configured to adjust the order of the current remaining capacity set according to the order in the variance ordered set, so as to generate a remaining capacity ordered set, and use the first half of the remaining capacity ordered set as an update set;
the weight updating subunit is used for judging whether the maximum variance value in the variance sorting set is smaller than a preset threshold value, and if so, taking the corresponding weight in the updating set as a new adjustable weight vector;
and the termination judging subunit is used for judging whether the adjustable weight vector accords with normal distribution with zero mean value, and returning to the residual electricity set calculating subunit if the adjustable weight vector does not accord with normal distribution with zero mean value.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 5.
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