CN107482269B - Discharging control method and device of power battery, controller and automobile - Google Patents
Discharging control method and device of power battery, controller and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482269B CN107482269B CN201710640824.9A CN201710640824A CN107482269B CN 107482269 B CN107482269 B CN 107482269B CN 201710640824 A CN201710640824 A CN 201710640824A CN 107482269 B CN107482269 B CN 107482269B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a discharge control method, a device, a controller and an automobile of a power battery, wherein the discharge control method of the power battery comprises the following steps: when the power battery enters a discharging state from an initial state, controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value, wherein the preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge after the power battery starts to discharge the electric quantity meeting the requirement of a finished automobile from the state of charge of 100%; and when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged. Therefore, the scheme of the invention can fully exert the power supply capacity of the power battery, thereby solving the problem that the power battery in the prior art can leave part of electric quantity and cannot be used, thereby causing electric quantity waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to a discharge control method and device of a power battery, a controller and an automobile.
Background
The power battery is used as a power source of the electric automobile, and directly influences the dynamic property and the cruising ability of the electric automobile. However, at present, domestic battery factories are deficient in packaging processes and battery cell quality control, which results in large differences in the consistency of battery cells in battery packs and large differences in the consistency between different battery packs. Therefore, in order to solve the consistency problem of the battery pack, the actual available electric quantity of the battery pack is often required to be far larger than the electric quantity required by the whole vehicle in the prior art, so that different battery packs can be left with partial electric quantity and cannot be used after the electric quantity meeting the requirement of the whole vehicle is emitted, and the problem of electric quantity waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a discharge control method, a discharge control device, a discharge control controller and an automobile of a power battery, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the power battery can be used only by leaving part of electric quantity, so that the electric quantity is wasted.
The embodiment of the invention provides a discharge control method of a power battery, which comprises the following steps:
when the power battery enters a discharging state from an initial state, controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value, wherein the preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge after the power battery starts to discharge the electric quantity meeting the requirement of a finished automobile from the state of charge of 100%;
and when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged.
In the above scheme, the step of controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches the preset reference value includes:
according to a first preset period, adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, wherein the SOC0Representing the value of the state of charge of the power battery in the initial state, wherein eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the power battery, C represents the rated capacity of the power battery, and I represents the current of the power battery;
when the Nth time detects that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is reduced by an Nth preset value, and an Nth ampere-hour integral formula is adopted according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNRepresenting the value of the state of charge of the power battery when the Nth detection that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage is carried out, wherein N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1.
In the foregoing scheme, before the step of controlling the power battery to be discharged to full discharge, the method further includes:
in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, if it is detected that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is obtained, and the value of the state of charge of the power battery is corrected according to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a corresponding relation table of the value of the predetermined state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
In the above scheme, the step of correcting the value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery includes:
searching a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery;
controlling the power battery to continue discharging from the state of charge to the preset standard value, and adopting a preset ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the correction value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
In the above scheme, the step of controlling the power battery to be discharged until the power battery is completely discharged includes:
detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, and detecting whether the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of a preset standard value or not;
when detecting that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, clearing an accumulated value of electric quantity discharged by the power battery, reducing a value of a charge state of the power battery by a first preset amount to obtain a target value of the charge state of the power battery, searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the charge state and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and adjusting the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
and when the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of the preset standard value, reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset quantity until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
In the above scheme, the preset reference value is determined according to the power characteristic and the capacity characteristic of the power battery.
In the scheme, the corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises corresponding relation tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery under different temperature ranges;
the method comprises the following steps of searching a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a correction value of the state of charge of the power battery, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a discharge control device of the power battery, which comprises:
the first discharge control module is used for controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value when the power battery enters a discharge state from an initial state, wherein the preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge after the power battery starts to discharge the electric quantity meeting the requirement of a finished automobile from the state of charge of 100%;
and the second discharge control module is used for controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value.
In the foregoing solution, the first discharge control module includes:
a first detection unit for adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula according to a first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, wherein the SOC0Representing the value of the state of charge of the power battery in the initial state, wherein eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the power battery, C represents the rated capacity of the power battery, and I represents the current of the power battery;
a first processing unit, configured to, when it is detected that the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is less than the discharge cutoff voltage for the nth time, reduce the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery by an nth preset value, and adopt an nth ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset periodEstimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNRepresenting the value of the state of charge of the power battery when the Nth detection that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage is carried out, wherein N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1.
Wherein, in the above scheme, the apparatus further comprises:
and the correction module is used for acquiring the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value if the lowest voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cutoff voltage in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, and correcting the value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a corresponding relation table of the value of the predetermined state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
In the foregoing solution, the correction module includes:
the table look-up unit is used for looking up the value of the charge state corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the charge state and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and the value is used as a correction value of the charge state of the power battery;
the second processing unit is used for controlling the power battery to continue discharging from the state of charge to the preset standard value and adopting a preset ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the correction value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
In the foregoing solution, the second discharge control module includes:
the second detection unit is used for detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage according to a second preset period and detecting whether the electric quantity emitted by the power battery reaches integral multiple of a preset standard value;
the third processing unit is used for clearing the accumulated value of the electric quantity discharged by the power battery when the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a first preset amount, obtaining a target value of the state of charge of the power battery, searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and adjusting the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
and the fourth processing unit is used for reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset amount when the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of the preset standard value until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
In the above scheme, the preset reference value is determined according to the power characteristic and the capacity characteristic of the power battery.
In the scheme, the corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises corresponding relation tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery under different temperature ranges;
the table look-up unit is specifically configured to:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a controller, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor reads the program in the memory and executes the steps in the method for controlling discharge of a power battery as described above.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an automobile comprising the controller.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the power battery can be controlled to discharge from the initial state to the state of charge to reach the preset reference value, so that the electric quantity requirement of the whole vehicle is met, and when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, the power battery can be further controlled to continue to discharge until the residual electric quantity is completely discharged, so that the power battery can be conveniently used by the vehicle. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can fully exert the power supply capacity of the power battery, thereby solving the problem that the power battery in the prior art can leave part of electric quantity and cannot be used, thereby causing electric quantity waste.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a discharge control method of a power battery according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a discharge control method for a power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a discharge control device for a power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a second block diagram of the discharge control device of the power battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a discharge control method for a power battery, as shown in fig. 1, the method including:
step 101: when the power battery enters a discharging state from an initial state, controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value.
The preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge of the power battery after the power battery starts to discharge the electric quantity meeting the requirement of the whole vehicle from the state of charge of 100%. Further, the preset reference value is determined according to the power characteristic and the capacity characteristic of the power battery.
In addition, the preset reference value of the same power battery can be different at different temperatures. Therefore, the preset reference values of the power battery in different temperature ranges can be respectively determined according to the power characteristics and the capacity characteristics of the power battery, so that the power supply capacity of the power battery can be further fully exerted in different temperature ranges. Correspondingly, step 101 specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the ambient temperature of a power battery, and controlling the power battery to be discharged to a charge state to reach a preset reference value corresponding to the ambient temperature when the power battery enters a discharge state from an initial state.
In addition, the initial state is a state when the value of the state of charge of the power battery is larger than the preset reference. Namely, the power battery can start to discharge from any value of which the value of the state of charge is larger than a preset reference value.
Preferably, the step of controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches the preset reference value includes:
according to a first preset period, adopting an original ampere-hour integral formulaEstimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, wherein the SOC0Representing the value of the state of charge of the power battery in the initial state, and eta represents the power electricityThe charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, C represents the rated capacity of the power battery, and I represents the current of the power battery;
when the Nth time detects that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is reduced by an Nth preset value, and an Nth ampere-hour integral formula is adopted according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNRepresenting the value of the state of charge of the power battery when the Nth detection that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage is carried out, wherein N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the power battery starts to discharge from the initial state, the charge state of the power battery is periodically estimated by adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula, and whether the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage is periodically detected. And when detecting that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, stopping periodically estimating the state of charge of the power battery by adopting the original ampere-hour integral formula, and periodically estimating by adopting an accelerated ampere-hour integral formula, and simultaneously reducing the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
When the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage each time, the specific parameters in the acceleration ampere-hour integral formula are different. For example, when the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cut-off voltage for the first time, the formula for estimating the state of charge is a first ampere-hour integral formula
And when the lowest cell voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cut-off voltage for the second time, stopping adopting the first ampere-hour integral formula for estimation, and adopting a second ampere-hour integral formula
An estimation is performed.
In addition, the reduction amount of the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery may be different each time the cell lowest voltage of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cutoff voltage.
Specifically, for example, the process of controlling the electric power cell to discharge until the state of charge reaches the preset reference value is as follows:
according to a first preset period, adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula
And estimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage according to a second preset period. When the lowest cell voltage of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage for the first time, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is reduced by X1, the estimation of the state of charge of the power battery by using an original ampere-hour integral formula is stopped, and the first ampere-hour integral formula is used
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery; if the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is not detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage in the subsequent discharge process, the state of charge of the power battery is estimated by adopting the first ampere-hour integral formula until the estimated state of charge reaches a preset reference value.
However, if the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cut-off voltage for the second time, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is continuously reduced by X2, and the estimation of the state of charge of the power battery by using the first ampere-hour integral formula is stopped, but the second ampere-hour integral formula is used
Estimating the state of charge of the power cell … … continues according to the above processAnd discharging until the state of charge of the power battery reaches a preset reference value.
The first preset period and the second preset period can be calibrated according to actual conditions.
In addition, let the first preset period be T1The second predetermined period is T2If at T2When the second period of time arrives, the cell lowest voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cut-off voltage for the first time, and T2Is exactly at T when the second cycle of1Within the second period of (c), then the first ampere-hour integral formula is adopted at this time
Estimating the state of charge, SOC, of the power cell1Can directly adopt T1The state of charge estimated using the original integration equation at the time of arrival of the first cycle of (a). Since the time of the first preset period and the time of the second preset period are both short and are in the millisecond level, even if the above situation occurs, a large error cannot be generated in the estimation of the state of charge.
In addition, the ampere-hour integration method has high precision in the single charging or single discharging process of the power battery, so that the ampere-hour integration method is only adopted to periodically estimate the charge state of the power battery in the process that the charge state of the power battery reaches the preset reference value from the initial state discharging, and the charge state of the power battery in the discharging stage can be accurately estimated.
Step 102: and when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged.
During the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state until the state of charge reaches the preset reference value, the condition that the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage may occur. In the embodiment of the invention, when the situation is detected, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is reduced, so that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is increased back, and is not less than the discharge cut-off voltage any more, and the situation of over-discharge of the power battery is eliminated. However, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery is reduced to increase the minimum voltage of the battery cell, which may cause the remaining capacity of the power battery to deviate from the preset reference value when the power battery is discharged to the preset reference value. Therefore, in order to calibrate the deviation caused by the above situation, before step 102, the method further includes:
in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, if it is detected that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is obtained, and the value of the state of charge of the power battery is corrected according to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a corresponding relation table of the value of the predetermined state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
In other words, in the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding relationship table between the soc value of the power battery and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery is predetermined, so that when the lowest cell voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage in the process from the initial state to the soc reaching the preset reference value, the soc can be calibrated according to the corresponding relationship table.
The table Of the correspondence between the predetermined value Of the State Of Charge (SOC) and the maximum allowable discharge Power (SOP) Of the Power battery may be as shown in table 1. Wherein the SOP0Generally the minimum required power for the whole vehicle to run.
TABLE 1 SOC and SOP correspondence Table
| SOC(％) | Xn％ | Xn％-1 | Xn％-2 | Xn％-3 | …… | 0％ |
| SOP(kw) | SOPn | SOPn-1 | SOPn-2 | SOPn-3 | …… | SOP0 |
Further, the step of correcting the value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery includes:
searching a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery;
controlling the power battery to continue discharging from the state of charge to the preset standard value, and adopting a preset ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
EstimatingThe state of charge of the power battery is up to the corrected value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
When the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge reaches the preset reference value, the theoretical value of the state of charge of the power battery at the moment can be obtained by looking up a table when the power battery is discharged to the state of charge reaches the preset reference value, and then the power battery is controlled to continue to discharge until the state of charge reaches the theoretical value.
In addition, further, the corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises corresponding relation tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery under different temperature ranges; the step of searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from the predetermined corresponding relationship table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and using the value of the state of charge as the correction value of the state of charge of the power battery includes:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
Preferably, step 102 comprises:
detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, and detecting whether the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of a preset standard value or not;
when detecting that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, clearing an accumulated value of electric quantity discharged by the power battery, reducing a value of a charge state of the power battery by a first preset amount to obtain a target value of the charge state of the power battery, searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the charge state and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and adjusting the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
and when the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of the preset standard value, reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset quantity until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
In the process that the power battery continues to discharge from the preset reference value to complete discharge, whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not is periodically detected, and whether the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches the integral multiple of the preset standard value or not is judged. The method comprises the steps that the state of charge of the power battery is reduced by a first preset amount as long as the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, meanwhile, the accumulated value of the electric quantity discharged by the power battery is cleared (namely, the discharge amount is calculated again), and the state of charge of the power battery is reduced by a second preset amount as long as the discharged electric quantity reaches a preset standard value before the accumulated value of the electric quantity discharged by the power battery is not cleared. The first preset quantity and the second preset quantity can be calibrated according to actual conditions.
Specifically, for example, if the preset standard value is Δ x, when the power battery starts to discharge from the preset standard value, if the amount of electricity discharged by the power battery has not reached Δ x, it is detected that the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is less than the discharge cutoff voltage, the state of charge of the power battery is reduced by 1%, and the calculation of the discharge amount of the battery is restarted. In the later discharging process, if the lowest cell voltage of the power battery is not detected to be less than the discharge cut-off voltage, the state of charge of the power battery is reduced by 1% in sequence as long as the recalculated discharge amount of the power battery reaches delta x, 2 delta x and 3 delta x … ….
In addition, in the process that the power battery starts from the preset reference value and continues to discharge until the power battery is completely discharged, when whether the cell lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not occurs, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at that time needs to be calibrated, that is, the calibration is performed according to the corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge of the power battery at that time and the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
Further, the corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises corresponding relation tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery under different temperature ranges; the step of searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from the predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery includes:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, and searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the discharging process of the power battery is mainly divided into two stages: the process from initial state discharge to state of charge reaching the preset reference value is the first stage, and the process from the state of charge starting to discharge to the state of charge of zero is the second stage. In any stage, the state of charge of the power battery is continuously estimated, so that data support is provided for estimating the remaining cruising ability of the electric automobile, and the normal running of the automobile is further ensured.
In addition, when the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is less than the discharge cutoff voltage, the power battery is over-discharged. In the embodiment of the invention, in the whole discharging process of the power battery, whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharging cut-off voltage or not is periodically detected, so that the over-discharging of the power battery can be prevented, and the service life is prolonged.
As can be seen from the above, the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented according to the flowchart shown in fig. 2.
In summary, according to the embodiment of the invention, the preset reference value Xn% of the SOC is respectively selected according to the capacity performance and the power performance of the power battery at each temperature range, that is, the SOC-100% is discharged to the SOC-Xn%, so that the requirement of the whole vehicle can be met; the SOC-Xn% is discharged to the SOC-0%, the residual electric quantity of the battery pack can be completely discharged, the capacity of the power battery is fully exerted, meanwhile, the SOC can be accurately estimated through an ampere-hour integration method, and the discharge control method of the power battery has strong adaptability to the consistency of the battery.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a discharge control device for a power battery, as shown in fig. 3, the discharge control device 300 for a power battery includes:
the first discharge control module 301 is configured to control the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value when the power battery enters a discharge state from an initial state, where the preset reference value indicates a value of the state of charge of the power battery after the power battery starts to discharge electric quantity required by the entire vehicle from a state of charge of 100%;
and the second discharge control module 303 is configured to control the power battery to discharge until the power battery is completely discharged when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the first discharge control module 301 includes:
a first detecting unit 3011, configured to adopt an original ampere-hour integral formula according to a first preset periodEstimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, wherein the SOC0Representing the value of the state of charge of the power battery in the initial state, eta representing the charge-discharge efficiency of the power battery, C representing the rated capacity of the power battery, I representing the rated capacity of the power batteryCurrent flow;
a first processing unit 3012, configured to, when it is detected that the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage for the nth time, reduce the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery by an nth preset value, and adopt an nth ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNRepresenting the value of the state of charge of the power battery when the Nth detection that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage is carried out, wherein N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus further comprises:
a correcting module 302, configured to, in a process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to a state of charge reaches the preset reference value, if it is detected that a lowest voltage of a cell of the power battery is smaller than a discharge cutoff voltage, obtain a maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, and correct a value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a correspondence table between a predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the modification module 302 includes:
the table look-up unit 3021 is configured to look up, from a correspondence table between a predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and use the value as a correction value of the state of charge of the power battery;
a second processing unit 3022 for controlling theThe power battery continues to discharge from the state of charge of the power battery to the preset standard value, and a preset ampere-hour integral formula is adopted according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the correction value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the second discharge control module 303 includes:
a second detecting unit 3031, configured to detect, according to a second preset period, whether a lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than a discharge cut-off voltage, and detect whether an electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches an integral multiple of a preset standard value;
a third processing unit 3032, configured to, when it is detected that the lowest cell voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, clear an integrated value of the electric quantity discharged by the power battery, reduce a value of the state of charge of the power battery by a first preset amount, obtain a target value of the state of charge of the power battery, search, from a predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, for the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value, and adjust the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
a fourth processing unit 3033, configured to reduce the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset amount each time the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches an integer multiple of the preset standard value until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
Preferably, the preset reference value is determined according to power characteristics and capacity characteristics of the power battery.
Preferably, the predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises correspondence tables between the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in different temperature ranges;
the table look-up unit 3021 is specifically configured to:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the invention, the power battery can be controlled to discharge from the initial state to the state of charge reaching the preset reference value, so that the electric quantity requirement of the whole vehicle is met, and when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, the power battery can be further controlled to continue to discharge until the residual electric quantity is completely discharged, so that the power battery can be conveniently used by the vehicle. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can fully exert the power supply capacity of the power battery, thereby solving the problem that the power battery in the prior art can leave part of electric quantity and cannot be used, thereby causing electric quantity waste.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a controller, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor reads the program in the memory and executes the steps in the method for controlling discharge of a power battery as described above.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an automobile comprising the controller.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (12)
1. A discharge control method of a power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the power battery enters a discharging state from an initial state, periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than a discharging cut-off voltage, and controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value according to a detection result, wherein the preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge after the power battery starts to discharge the electric quantity meeting the requirement of a finished automobile from the state of charge of 100%;
when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than a discharge cut-off voltage or not, and controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged according to a detection result;
the method comprises the steps of periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not, and controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value according to a detection result, wherein the steps comprise:
according to a first preset period, adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula
when the Nth time detects that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is reduced by an Nth preset value, and an Nth ampere-hour integral formula is adopted according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNIndicating that the power is detected for the Nth timeWhen the lowest voltage of the single body of the battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage, the value of the state of charge of the power battery is obtained, N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1;
the step of periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not and controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged according to the detection result comprises the following steps:
detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, and detecting whether the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of a preset standard value or not;
when detecting that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, clearing an accumulated value of electric quantity discharged by the power battery, reducing a value of a charge state of the power battery by a first preset amount to obtain a target value of the charge state of the power battery, searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the charge state and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and adjusting the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
and when the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of the preset standard value, reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset quantity until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the step of controlling the power cell to discharge until fully discharged, the method further comprises:
in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, if it is detected that the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment is obtained, and the value of the state of charge of the power battery is corrected according to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a corresponding relation table of the value of the predetermined state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of correcting the value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a predetermined correspondence table between the value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises:
searching a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery;
controlling the power battery to continue discharging from the state of charge to the preset standard value, and adopting a preset ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the correction value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preset reference value is determined according to power characteristics and capacity characteristics of the power battery.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined correspondence table of values of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises correspondence tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in different temperature ranges;
the method comprises the following steps of searching a value of the state of charge corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a correction value of the state of charge of the power battery, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
6. A discharge control device for a power battery, comprising:
the first discharge control module is used for periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than a discharge cut-off voltage or not when the power battery enters a discharge state from an initial state, and controlling the power battery to discharge until the state of charge reaches a preset reference value according to a detection result, wherein the preset reference value represents a value of the state of charge after the power battery starts to discharge electric quantity meeting the requirement of a finished automobile from the state of charge of 100%;
the second discharge control module is used for periodically detecting whether the lowest voltage of the power battery is smaller than a discharge cut-off voltage or not when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, and controlling the power battery to discharge till the power battery is completely discharged according to a detection result;
the first discharge control module includes:
a first detection unit for adopting an original ampere-hour integral formula according to a first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery, and detecting whether the lowest voltage of a single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage or not according to a second preset period, wherein the SOC0Representing the value of the state of charge of the power battery in the initial state, and eta represents the power batteryC represents the rated capacity of the power battery, and I represents the current of the power battery;
a first processing unit, configured to, when it is detected that the cell minimum voltage of the power battery is less than the discharge cutoff voltage for the nth time, reduce the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery by an nth preset value, and adopt an nth ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, wherein the SOC isNRepresenting the value of the state of charge of the power battery when the Nth detection that the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is less than the discharge cut-off voltage is carried out, wherein N is an integer greater than 0, and k isNIs a constant greater than 1;
the second discharge control module includes:
the second detection unit is used for detecting whether the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage according to a second preset period and detecting whether the electric quantity emitted by the power battery reaches integral multiple of a preset standard value;
the third processing unit is used for clearing the accumulated value of the electric quantity discharged by the power battery when the lowest voltage of the single body of the power battery is detected to be smaller than the discharge cut-off voltage, reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a first preset amount, obtaining a target value of the state of charge of the power battery, searching the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and adjusting the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment to the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery corresponding to the target value;
and the fourth processing unit is used for reducing the value of the state of charge of the power battery by a second preset amount when the electric quantity discharged by the power battery reaches integral multiple of the preset standard value until the value of the state of charge of the power battery reaches zero.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
and the correction module is used for acquiring the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery at the moment when the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value if the lowest voltage of the power battery is detected to be less than the discharge cutoff voltage in the process that the power battery is discharged from the initial state to the state of charge of the power battery reaches the preset reference value, and correcting the value of the state of charge of the power battery according to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery and a corresponding relation table of the value of the predetermined state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the modification module comprises:
the table look-up unit is used for looking up the value of the charge state corresponding to the obtained maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery from a corresponding relation table of the predetermined value of the charge state and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and the value is used as a correction value of the charge state of the power battery;
the second processing unit is used for controlling the power battery to continue discharging from the state of charge to the preset standard value and adopting a preset ampere-hour integral formula according to the first preset period
Estimating the state of charge of the power battery until the state of charge of the power battery reaches the correction value, wherein the SOC isYRepresents the preset reference value, and k is a constant greater than 1.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the preset reference value is determined according to power characteristics and capacity characteristics of the power battery.
10. The device of claim 8, wherein the predetermined correspondence table of values of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery comprises correspondence tables of the state of charge and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in different temperature ranges;
the table look-up unit is specifically configured to:
and acquiring the ambient temperature of the power battery, searching the value of the state of charge corresponding to the acquired maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery in a corresponding relation table of the value of the state of charge corresponding to the temperature range of the ambient temperature and the maximum allowable discharge power of the power battery, and taking the value as a corrected value of the state of charge of the power battery.
11. A controller comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor reads the program in the memory and executes the steps of the method for controlling discharge of a power cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
12. An automobile, comprising: the controller of claim 11.
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| CN201710640824.9A CN107482269B (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Discharging control method and device of power battery, controller and automobile |
| PCT/CN2018/097473 WO2019024787A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2018-07-27 | Discharge control method and device for power battery, controller, and automobile |
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| WO2021184514A1 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-09-23 | 上海理工大学 | Method for reasonably adjusting discharge cut-off voltage of lithium battery along with battery life attenuation |
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| CN107482269B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-01-14 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Discharging control method and device of power battery, controller and automobile |
| CN109446584B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2023-06-09 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | SOP estimation method for battery management system to over-discharge protection of battery cell |
| CN112526368A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-03-19 | 宝能汽车集团有限公司 | Estimation method and device for residual electric quantity of battery pack and battery management system |
| CN112240987A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-01-19 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Power testing method, system, computer device and storage medium |
| CN113442786B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-11-14 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Power battery discharging control method and device and automobile |
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| CN106143482B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2019-04-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Hybrid vehicle and its control method and device |
| CN106585402A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽鸿创新能源动力有限公司 | Charge and discharge control method of power battery |
| CN107482269B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-01-14 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Discharging control method and device of power battery, controller and automobile |
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| KR100802738B1 (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-02-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for controlling battery discharge in cold start of hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN103616645A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-05 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Method for measuring charge state of superlarge battery pack |
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