CN112526368A - Estimation method and device for residual electric quantity of battery pack and battery management system - Google Patents
Estimation method and device for residual electric quantity of battery pack and battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526368A CN112526368A CN201910875433.4A CN201910875433A CN112526368A CN 112526368 A CN112526368 A CN 112526368A CN 201910875433 A CN201910875433 A CN 201910875433A CN 112526368 A CN112526368 A CN 112526368A
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- electric quantity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for estimating the residual electric quantity of a battery pack and a battery management system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: if the battery pack meets the preset charging terminal condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity to enable the actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 100%, taking the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity as a reference value of the residual electric quantity, and taking 100% as a display value of the residual electric quantity; and if the battery pack meets the preset discharge end condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity to enable the actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 0, and then respectively taking 0 as the reference value of the residual electric quantity and the display value of the residual electric quantity. The method can dynamically correct the residual electric quantity, improves the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity, and finally obtains two residual electric quantity values, one value is used for safety control, the other value is used for temporary display, and finally the two values tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, so that the user experience can be improved while the battery is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for estimating remaining battery capacity of a battery pack, and a battery management system.
Background
The battery is used as the only power source Of the pure electric vehicle, the State Of Charge (SOC) Of the battery is the core parameter Of the whole battery system, reasonable use Of the battery pack can be realized by accurately estimating the residual electric quantity Of the battery, overcharge and over-discharge Of the battery pack are prevented, the occurrence probability Of battery faults is reduced, the service life Of the battery pack is prolonged, and the battery endurance mileage is prolonged.
The estimation of the remaining power is also a difficulty of the battery management system, and mainly involves many dynamic factors of the battery, such as temperature, internal resistance of the battery, and charging and discharging rates of the battery, which may result in a situation where the accuracy of the remaining power of the battery is not high and the user experience is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating remaining power of a battery pack, the method integrates various factors to dynamically modify the remaining power, so as to improve the accuracy of the real-time remaining power, and the method finally obtains two remaining power values, one of which is used as a remaining power reference value for safety control and the other is used as a remaining power display value for temporary display, so that the remaining power reference value and the remaining power display value tend to be consistent at a certain stage, thereby protecting the battery and improving the user experience.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an estimation apparatus for remaining capacity of a battery pack.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a battery management system.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack, including: acquiring an actual value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack; if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging terminal condition, calculating the residual charging time according to the charging current, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the residual charging time to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 100% until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 100%, taking the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity as a reference value of the residual electric quantity, and taking 100% as a display value of the residual electric quantity; and if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the monomer minimum voltage of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity so as to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 0 until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 0, and respectively taking 0 as a reference value of the residual electric quantity and a display value of the residual electric quantity.
According to the method for estimating the residual electric quantity of the battery pack, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the residual electric quantity can be dynamically corrected by integrating various factors, the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity is improved, two residual electric quantity values can be finally obtained by the method, one residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity reference value for safety control, the other residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity display value for temporary display, the residual electric quantity reference value and the residual electric quantity display value tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, and the experience degree of a user can be improved while the battery is protected.
In addition, the estimation method of the remaining capacity of the battery pack according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the estimation method further includes: if the lowest voltage of the single body is greater than a preset discharge cut-off voltage, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to a first correction rate; and if the single lowest voltage is equal to or less than the discharge cut-off voltage, correcting the actual value of the residual capacity according to a second correction rate, wherein the second correction rate is greater than the first correction rate.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the estimation method further includes: and if the difference value between the corrected actual value of the residual capacity and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual capacity is equal to or smaller than a preset difference threshold value, taking the corrected actual value of the residual capacity as a reference value of the residual capacity and a display value of the residual capacity respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the estimation method further includes: estimating an internal resistance of the battery pack; estimating an open circuit voltage of the battery pack according to the internal resistance; and acquiring the corresponding open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity according to the open-circuit voltage.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the charge termination condition includes: the maximum cell voltage of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset maximum cell voltage threshold, the total voltage of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset total voltage threshold, and the charging current of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset charging current threshold.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge end condition includes: the cell minimum voltage is equal to or less than a preset cell minimum voltage threshold and the discharge current of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset discharge current threshold.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the actual value of the remaining capacity of the battery pack includes: acquiring an initial value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack after power-on; collecting bus current of the battery pack; and calculating to obtain an actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the first initial value of the residual electric quantity and the bus current.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining an initial value of the remaining capacity of the battery pack after power-up includes: obtaining the shelf time of the battery pack after power-on; if the standing time is equal to or greater than a preset standing time threshold value and the battery pack is in a discharging state before last power failure, taking the residual electric quantity of the single battery which is discharged to a discharging cut-off voltage at the first time as an initial value of the residual electric quantity; if the resting time is equal to or greater than the resting time threshold value and the battery pack is in a charging state before last power failure, taking the residual electric quantity of the single battery which is firstly charged to the charging cut-off voltage last time as an initial value of the residual electric quantity; and if the shelf time is less than the shelf time threshold, taking the residual electric quantity of the battery pack before the last power failure as an initial value of the residual electric quantity.
In order to achieve the above object, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a device for estimating remaining capacity of a battery pack, comprising: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack; the estimation module is used for calculating the residual charging time according to the charging current if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging terminal condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the residual charging time to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 100% until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 100%, taking the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity as a reference value of the residual electric quantity, and taking 100% as a display value of the residual electric quantity; and if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the monomer minimum voltage of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity so as to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 0 until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 0, and respectively taking 0 as a reference value of the residual electric quantity and a display value of the residual electric quantity.
The estimation device of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack can dynamically correct the residual electric quantity by integrating various factors, improves the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity, and finally obtains two residual electric quantity values, wherein one residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity reference value for safety control, the other residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity display value for temporary display, and finally the residual electric quantity reference value and the residual electric quantity display value tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, so that the battery is protected, and the experience degree of a user can be improved.
In order to achieve the above object, a battery management system according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes the device for estimating remaining capacity of a battery pack according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
According to the battery management system, through the estimation device of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack, the residual electric quantity can be dynamically corrected by integrating various factors, the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity is improved, two residual electric quantity values are finally obtained by the method, one residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity reference value for safety control, the other residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity display value for temporary display, the residual electric quantity reference value and the residual electric quantity display value are finally enabled to be consistent at a certain specific stage, and the experience degree of a user can be improved while the battery is protected.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which,
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method of estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method of estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack according to a specific example of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for estimating the remaining capacity of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A method for estimating the remaining capacity of a battery pack, an apparatus for estimating the remaining capacity of a battery pack, and a battery management system according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method of estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
and S1, acquiring the actual value SOCt of the residual capacity of the battery pack.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, obtaining the actual value SOCt of the remaining capacity of the battery pack may include:
and S10, acquiring an initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity of the battery pack after power-on.
And S11, collecting the bus current I of the battery pack.
And S12, calculating to obtain an actual value SOCt of the residual electric quantity according to the initial value SOC0 of the residual electric quantity and the bus current I.
Specifically, the ampere-hour integral method may be used to obtain the actual value SOCt of the remaining power of the battery pack, that is, the following formula (1) is used to obtain the actual value SOCt of the remaining power of the battery pack:
wherein SOC0 is the initial value of the remaining capacity of the battery pack, CNThe rated capacity of the battery pack is shown, eta is the charge-discharge efficiency, I is the bus current of the current battery pack, and t is time.
Further, obtaining an initial value SOC0 of the battery pack remaining capacity after power-up may include: obtaining the resting time T0 of the battery pack after power-on; if the standing time T0 is equal to or greater than a preset standing time threshold value T1 and the battery pack is in a discharging state before last power failure, taking the residual capacity of the single battery which is discharged to the discharging cut-off voltage first last time as an initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity; if the resting time T0 is equal to or greater than the resting time threshold T1 and the battery pack is in a charging state before last power failure, taking the residual capacity of the single battery which is firstly charged to the charge cut-off voltage last time as an initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity; and if the standing time T0 is less than the standing time threshold T1, taking the residual capacity of the battery pack before the last power failure as the initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity. The resting time T0 is the time for the battery to stand, that is, the time from the last power failure of the battery to the current power on of the battery, and the preset resting time threshold T1 may be preset according to an actual situation.
That is, if T0 is not less than T1, the battery resting time is longer, and if the battery pack is in a discharging state before power failure, the SOC of the single battery which is discharged to the discharging cut-off voltage first last time (namely the SOC of the single battery which is cut off and discharged first time) can be inquired as the SOC0 by using an open circuit method; if the battery pack is in a charged state before power failure, the SOC of the cell which was charged to the charge cut-off voltage last time (i.e., the SOC of the cell which was charged fully first) may be queried as SOC0 using an open-circuit method. If T0 is less than T1, the battery shelf time is short, and the residual capacity of the battery pack before last power failure is used as the initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity.
S2, if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging end condition, calculating a remaining charging time Tc according to the charging current Ic, correcting the actual value SOCt of the remaining power according to the remaining charging time Tc to make the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power approach 100% until the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power equals 100%, taking the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power as a reference value SOCc of the remaining power, and taking 100% as a display value SOCd of the remaining power.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the charge termination condition may include: the maximum cell voltage Vmax of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset maximum cell voltage threshold Vmax0, the total voltage V of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset total voltage threshold V0, and the charging current Ic of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset charging current threshold Ic 0. The cell maximum voltage threshold Vmax0, the total voltage threshold V0, and the charging current threshold I0 are preset according to the actual condition of the battery.
That is, if Vmax is greater than or equal to Vmax0 and Ic is less than or equal to Ic0, or V is greater than or equal to V0 and Ic is less than or equal to Ic0, the charging is about to be completed and the charging end condition is satisfied.
And S3, if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value SOCt of the residual capacity according to the monomer minimum voltage Vmin of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the residual capacity to enable the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity to approach 0 until the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity is equal to 0, and respectively taking 0 as a reference value SOCc of the residual capacity and a display value SOCd of the residual capacity.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge end condition may include: the cell minimum voltage Vmin is equal to or less than a preset cell minimum voltage threshold Vmin0 and the discharge current Id of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset discharge current threshold Id 0. The cell minimum voltage threshold Vmin0 and the discharge current threshold Id0 may be preset according to actual conditions.
That is, if Vmin ≦ Vmin0 and Id ≦ Id0, discharge will be completed, satisfying the discharge end condition.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the remaining capacity of the battery pack may further include: estimating the internal resistance of the battery pack; estimating an open circuit voltage of the battery pack from the internal resistance ocv; and acquiring an open-circuit voltage value SOCocv corresponding to the residual capacity according to the open-circuit voltage ocv.
Specifically, the open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the remaining capacity is the SOC corresponding to the open-circuit voltage, the open-circuit voltage ocv is estimated through the line voltage and the internal resistance of the battery pack, and the open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the remaining capacity is obtained through table lookup by an open-circuit voltage method.
Specifically, the ampere-hour integration method may be used to obtain an actual value SOCt of the remaining capacity of the battery pack, and then determine the state of the battery pack. If the battery pack is in a charged state and the preset end-of-charge condition is satisfied, the remaining charging time Tc is estimated based on the charging current Ic, and may be obtained by dividing the remaining capacity by the charging current Ic, for example. Then, the actual value SOCt of the remaining capacity is corrected according to the remaining charging time Tc, which may be specifically corrected by using the following equations (2) and (3):
wherein, SOC is the actual value of the corrected remaining power, SOCt is the actual value of the remaining power of the battery pack, Tc is the remaining charging time, T is the correction period, and Δ SOC is the correction value.
The corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity gradually approaches 100% until the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity is equal to 100%, and the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity is used as a reference value SOCc of the residual capacity for safety control of the system, namely the SOCc is equal to the SOC; the display value SOCd with 100% as the remaining power is used for temporary display, that is, SOCd is 100%. The successive approximation mode is adopted to prevent the sudden change of the residual electric quantity and improve the experience degree of a user.
If the battery pack is in a discharge state and meets a preset discharge end condition, correcting the actual value SOCt of the remaining power according to the cell minimum voltage Vmin of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the remaining power, and specifically correcting the actual value SOCt of the remaining power by using the following formula (4):
the SOC is an actual corrected remaining power value, the SOCt is an actual remaining power value of the battery pack, the SOCocv is an open-circuit voltage value of the remaining power, the cell minimum voltage of the Vmin battery pack, and the Vmin0 is a cell minimum voltage threshold.
The corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power gradually approaches 0, and until the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power is equal to 0, 0 is used as a reference value SOCc of the remaining power and a display value SOCd of the remaining power, that is, SOCc is 0 and SOCd is 0, respectively.
The estimation method of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack can dynamically correct the residual electric quantity, improves the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity, and finally obtains two residual electric quantity values, one value is used for safety control, the other value is used for temporary display, and finally the two values tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, so that the user experience can be improved while the battery is protected.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the difference between the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power and the open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the remaining power is equal to or smaller than a preset difference threshold, the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power is respectively used as the reference value SOCc of the remaining power and the display value SOCd of the remaining power. Wherein, the preset difference threshold may be 2%.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for estimating the remaining capacity of the battery pack may further include: if the monomer lowest voltage Vmin is larger than a preset discharge cut-off voltage Vd, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to a first correction rate; and if the monomer lowest voltage Vmin is equal to or less than the discharge cut-off voltage Vd, correcting the actual value of the residual capacity according to a second correction rate, wherein the second correction rate is greater than the first correction rate.
Specifically, if SOC-SOCocv is less than or equal to 2%, the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power is used as the reference value SOCc of the remaining power and the display value SOCd of the remaining power, i.e., SOC-SOCc-SOCd-SOCt, respectively. In order to accelerate the decrease of the SOCt, the SOCt can be further corrected according to the lowest voltage Vmin of the single body, if Vmin is larger than Vd, the SOCt can be corrected according to a formula (5), and if Vmin is smaller than or equal to Vd, the SOCt can be corrected according to a formula (6).
Wherein a2 is more than a1 is more than 1, so as to ensure that the second correction rate is more than the first correction rate.
In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the method for estimating the remaining capacity of the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method of estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack according to a specific example of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the steps of:
s101, start.
And S102, reading power-down data, the state of the battery pack before the last power-down, the residual electric quantity of the battery pack before the last power-down and the shelf life T0 of the battery pack after power-up.
S103, judging whether T0 is larger than T1. If yes, step S104 is executed, and if no, step S107 is executed.
And S104, judging whether the battery pack is in a discharging state before power failure. If yes, executing step S105; if not, step S106 is executed.
S105, the remaining capacity of the unit cell that was discharged to the discharge cutoff voltage first in the previous time is set as the initial value SOC0 of the remaining capacity, and then the process proceeds to step S108.
S106, the remaining capacity of the unit cell that was first charged to the charge cut-off voltage in the last time is set as the initial value SOC0 of the remaining capacity, and the process then proceeds to step S108.
S107, the remaining capacity of the battery pack before the last power down is set as the initial value SOC0 of the remaining capacity.
And S108, collecting the bus current I of the battery pack.
And S109, calculating an actual value SOCt of the residual capacity according to the initial value SOC0 of the residual capacity and the bus current I.
In particular according to the formula
And (4) calculating.
And S110, judging whether the battery pack is in a charging state at present. If yes, executing step S111; if not, step S120 is performed.
S111, judging whether Vmax is larger than or equal to Vmax 0. If yes, go to step S112; if not, step S112 is performed.
Wherein Vmax is the highest voltage of the single body of the battery pack; vmax0 is the set maximum cell voltage threshold.
S112, judging whether V is more than or equal to V0. If so, go to step S113; if not, return to step S111.
V is the total voltage of the battery pack and V0 is the total voltage threshold.
S113, judging whether Ic is less than or equal to Ic 0. If yes, go to step S114; if not, return to step S111.
Ic is the charging current of the battery pack; ic0 is a preset charging current threshold.
In step S114, the remaining charging time Tc is estimated from the charging current Ic.
S115, according to the formula
The correction value Δ SOC is calculated.
S116, according to the formula
And correcting the actual value SOCt of the residual electric quantity.
S117, judging whether SOC is less than 100%. If yes, go to step S118; if not, step S119 is performed.
In S118, SOCt is SOC, and the process returns to step S113.
S119, SOCc ═ SOC; the SOCd is 100%, and step S134 is performed.
S120, judging whether Vmin is less than or equal to Vmin 0. If yes, go to step S121; if not, the process continues to step S120.
Vmin is the lowest voltage of the monomer; vmin0 is the cell minimum voltage threshold.
S121, judging whether Id is less than or equal to Id 0. If yes, go to step S122; if not, execution continues with step S121.
Id is the discharge current of the battery pack; id0 is a preset discharge current threshold.
And S122, estimating the internal resistance of the battery pack.
S123, an open circuit voltage of the battery pack is estimated ocv based on the internal resistance.
And S124, acquiring an open-circuit voltage value SOCocv of the corresponding residual capacity according to the open-circuit voltage ocv.
S125, judging whether the SOCt-SOCocv is larger than 2 percent. If yes, go to step S125; if not, step S128 is performed.
S126, according to the formula
And correcting the actual value SOCt of the residual electric quantity.
In S127, SOCt is SOC, and the process returns to step S125.
S128, judging whether Vmin > Vd exists or not. If yes, go to step S129; if not, step S130 is performed.
S129, according to the formula
The SOCt is corrected.
S130, according to the formula
The SOCt is corrected.
S131 determines whether or not SOC equals 0. If yes, go to step S132; if not, step S133 is performed.
S132, SOCc is 0 and SOCd is 0, and step S134 is executed.
S133, SOC is SOCt, and the process returns to step S127.
And S134, ending.
In summary, according to the method for estimating the remaining power of the battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention, various factors can be integrated to dynamically modify the remaining power, so as to improve the precision of the real-time remaining power, and the method finally obtains two remaining power values, one of which is used as a remaining power reference value for safety control and the other is used as a remaining power display value for temporary display, so that the remaining power reference value and the remaining power display value tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, thereby protecting the battery and improving the user experience.
Corresponding to the estimation method of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack, the invention also provides an estimation device of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack. Since the device embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the method embodiment described above, details that are not disclosed in the device embodiment may refer to the method embodiment described above, and are not described again in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for estimating the remaining capacity of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus includes: the device comprises an acquisition module 1 and an estimation module 2.
The acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring an actual value SOCt of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack; the estimation module 2 is configured to calculate a remaining charging time Tc according to the charging current Ic if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging end condition, correct an actual value SOCt of the remaining power according to the remaining charging time Tc, so that the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power approaches 100% until the corrected actual value of the remaining power is equal to 100%, use the corrected actual value SOC of the remaining power as a reference value SOCc of the remaining power, and use 100% as a display value SOCd of the remaining power; if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value SOCocv of the residual capacity according to the monomer minimum voltage Vmin of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual capacity so that the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity approaches 0 until the corrected actual value SOC of the residual capacity is equal to 0, and taking 0 as the reference value SOCc of the residual capacity and the display value SOCd of the residual capacity respectively.
The estimation device of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack can dynamically correct the residual electric quantity by integrating various factors, improves the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity, and finally obtains two residual electric quantity values, wherein one residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity reference value for safety control, the other residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity display value for temporary display, and finally the residual electric quantity reference value and the residual electric quantity display value tend to be consistent at a certain specific stage, so that the battery is protected, and the experience degree of a user can be improved.
In addition, the invention also provides a battery management system, which comprises the estimation device for the residual capacity of the battery pack in the embodiment.
According to the battery management system, through the estimation device of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack, the residual electric quantity can be dynamically corrected by integrating various factors, the precision of the real-time residual electric quantity is improved, two residual electric quantity values are finally obtained by the method, one residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity reference value for safety control, the other residual electric quantity value is used as a residual electric quantity display value for temporary display, the residual electric quantity reference value and the residual electric quantity display value are finally enabled to be consistent at a certain specific stage, and the experience degree of a user can be improved while the battery is protected.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for estimating a remaining capacity of a battery pack, comprising:
acquiring an actual value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack;
if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging terminal condition, calculating the residual charging time according to the charging current, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the residual charging time to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 100% until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 100%, taking the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity as a reference value of the residual electric quantity, and taking 100% as a display value of the residual electric quantity;
and if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the monomer minimum voltage of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity so as to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 0 until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 0, and respectively taking 0 as a reference value of the residual electric quantity and a display value of the residual electric quantity.
2. The estimation method according to claim 1, further comprising:
if the lowest voltage of the single body is greater than a preset discharge cut-off voltage, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to a first correction rate;
and if the single lowest voltage is equal to or less than the discharge cut-off voltage, correcting the actual value of the residual capacity according to a second correction rate, wherein the second correction rate is greater than the first correction rate.
3. The estimation method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and if the difference value between the corrected actual value of the residual capacity and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual capacity is equal to or smaller than a preset difference threshold value, taking the corrected actual value of the residual capacity as a reference value of the residual capacity and a display value of the residual capacity respectively.
4. The estimation method according to claim 1, further comprising:
estimating an internal resistance of the battery pack;
estimating an open circuit voltage of the battery pack according to the internal resistance;
and acquiring the corresponding open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity according to the open-circuit voltage.
5. The estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the charge termination condition includes:
the maximum cell voltage of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset maximum cell voltage threshold, the total voltage of the battery pack is equal to or greater than a preset total voltage threshold, and the charging current of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset charging current threshold.
6. The estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the discharge end condition includes:
the cell minimum voltage is equal to or less than a preset cell minimum voltage threshold and the discharge current of the battery pack is equal to or less than a preset discharge current threshold.
7. The estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the actual value of the remaining capacity of the battery pack includes:
acquiring an initial value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack after power-on;
collecting bus current of the battery pack;
and calculating to obtain an actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the initial value of the residual electric quantity and the bus current.
8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining an initial value of the remaining capacity of the battery pack after power-up comprises:
obtaining the shelf time of the battery pack after power-on;
if the standing time is equal to or greater than a preset standing time threshold value and the battery pack is in a discharging state before last power failure, taking the residual electric quantity of the single battery which is discharged to a discharging cut-off voltage at the first time as an initial value of the residual electric quantity;
if the resting time is equal to or greater than the resting time threshold value and the battery pack is in a charging state before last power failure, taking the residual electric quantity of the single battery which is firstly charged to the charging cut-off voltage last time as an initial value of the residual electric quantity;
and if the shelf time is less than the shelf time threshold, taking the residual electric quantity of the battery pack before the last power failure as an initial value of the residual electric quantity.
9. An estimation device of a remaining capacity of a battery pack, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual value of the residual electric quantity of the battery pack;
the estimation module is used for calculating the residual charging time according to the charging current if the battery pack is in a charging state and meets a preset charging terminal condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the residual charging time to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 100% until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 100%, taking the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity as a reference value of the residual electric quantity, and taking 100% as a display value of the residual electric quantity; and if the battery pack is in a discharging state and meets a preset discharging end condition, correcting the actual value of the residual electric quantity according to the monomer minimum voltage of the battery pack and the open-circuit voltage value of the residual electric quantity so as to enable the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity to approach 0 until the corrected actual value of the residual electric quantity is equal to 0, and respectively taking 0 as a reference value of the residual electric quantity and a display value of the residual electric quantity.
10. A battery management system, comprising: the estimation apparatus of the remaining capacity of the battery pack according to claim 9.
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