CN102262216A - Electric quantity detection method for chargeable battery and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Electric quantity detection method for chargeable battery and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric quantity detection method for a chargeable battery. The method mainly comprises the following steps: detecting a change electric quantity of a chargeable battery at present time segment to updating an accumulated change electric quantity, and according to a battery absolute capacity and the accumulated change electric quantity, obtaining a battery actual residual electric quantity at present time segment; according to the battery actual residual electric quantity and the battery absolute capacity, updating present internal resistance potential drop of the battery; according to the present internal resistance potential drop, determining capacity correction threshold-voltage; according to the capacity correction threshold-voltage and the accumulated change electric quantity, calibrating a battery full charge available electric quantity and a battery residual available electric quantity at next time segment. The electric quantity detection method has the advantages of high precision, convenience of realization and the like. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an electric quantity detection apparatus for a chargeable battery. The apparatus comprises a detection module, an internal resistance potential drop updating module, a threshold-voltage calibration module and an electric quantity calibration module, and has the advantages of convenient operation, high measuring precision and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery detecting and control field, relate to a kind of electric weight detecting and control method and device of rechargeable battery specifically.
Background technology
Rechargeable battery is widely used in the portable type electronic product, because of it can be repeatedly used the advantage with service efficiency height, energy-conserving and environment-protective, but continue at rechargeable battery under the situation of use and the increase of charge and discharge cycles number of times, battery performance can be degenerated gradually, cause the capacity of battery to reduce gradually, thereby can influence the duty of battery, therefore accurate detection and the regulation and control to battery electric quantity are to guarantee one of key factor of electronic product operate as normal.
At present, the rechargeable battery that forms with material such as Li, Fe has that duration of charging weak point, stable work in work, security are good, the advantage of long service life, is the main product on the market.Mainly adopt following several schemes according to the charge status of rechargeable batteries such as Li, Fe with the electric weight of accurate estimating battery:
1, voltage method: this method comes the electric weight of indirect Estimation battery, principle to be to have strict corresponding relationship between the open-circuit voltage of battery of model of the same race and the electric weight with monitoring battery both end voltage.When battery when to be in electric current be 0 idle state, directly survey the battery both end voltage and be open-circuit voltage.This method can be more accurate the estimating battery electric weight, but charge or during state that electric currents such as discharge are bigger, can't measure battery open circuit voltage, thereby cause accurately estimating battery electric weight when battery is in, have certain difficulty in practice.
2, coulometry: this method is approximately 1 charge efficiency according to Coulomb law and infinitesimal analysis principle in conjunction with the Li battery, the estimating battery electric weight.
In this method, as long as time interval dt is enough little, just can guarantee the detection degree of accuracy of electric weight Q, current measurement is convenient, is easy to realize.But after through the accumulation of round-robin electric current repeatedly, error will increase, and after the battery environment for use changed, electric weight also changed thereupon, and this method can't adapt to this variation, causes the error increase.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is the lower problem of method measuring accuracy of estimating battery electric weight in the prior art.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of electric weight detecting and control method of rechargeable battery, may further comprise the steps: the variation electric weight that detects the rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtain the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight; Upgrade the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity; Determine capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop; Calibrate the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fill available power and remaining battery available power.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect: the electric weight detecting and control method of this rechargeable battery is taken into account the advantage of voltage method and coulometry simultaneously, the relation of utilization internal resistance of cell pressure drop and capacity correction threshold voltage, further the real-time update battery completely fills available power and remaining battery available power; It is high and be convenient to advantage such as realization that this method has measuring accuracy, is with a wide range of applications.
Therewith accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery, it comprises: detection module, it is used to detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtain the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight; Internal resistance pressure drop update module, it is used for upgrading the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity; The threshold voltage correcting module, it is used for determining capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop; The electric weight calibration module, it is used for calibrating the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fills available power and remaining battery available power.That this device has is simple in structure, be convenient to operation and precision advantages of higher, has improved the reliability and stability to the detection and the control of rechargeable battery electric weight effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the electric weight detecting and control method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the relation curve of the corresponding absolute residual capacity number percent of embodiment of the invention battery open circuit voltage;
Fig. 3 is the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence under the different discharge currents of embodiment of the invention battery;
Fig. 4 is the internal resistance of cell curve of embodiment of the invention battery real surplus electric weight correspondence;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the electric weight measuring and controlling device of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technical matters solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Electric weight detecting and control method according to the rechargeable battery of the embodiment of the invention, roughly flow process as shown in Figure 1, its key step comprises: the variation electric weight that detects the rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtain the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight; Upgrade the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity; Determine capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop; Calibrate the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fill available power and remaining battery available power.Each step specific operation process is as follows:
Step S101: detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtain the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight.
When monitoring charges into or emit the electric quantity change state of electric weight, mainly adopt current detector, voltage-level detector, timer and coulombmeter etc.
Wherein, current detector is made up of the current with high accuracy detection module, and precise current parameter current is provided, and when charged state, electric current is for just, and when discharge condition, electric current is for negative.
Voltage-level detector is made up of high-precision voltage detection module, and accurate voltage parameter VOL is provided.
Timer is made up of high-precision timing module, and accurate timing signal can be provided, and the set time is divided into 1s.
Coulombmeter detects the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot according to coulometry, its according to the timer set time every the primary current that adds up, this set time generally is designed to 1s every in the present embodiment, utilizes the principle of Q=I*T to calculate the electric weight that charges into or flow out battery then.
Suppose that 1s detects current=100mA, 2s detects current=-200mA, and 3s detects current=820mA, and detecting the electric weight that charges into through coulombmeter behind the 3s so is 100-200+820=720mAs=0.2mAh.
This coulombmeter only can change battery real surplus electric weight RC and battery discharge current accumulation DCR, the electric weight of having emitted when the expression battery discharge begins to current state; Suppose last time battery real surplus electric weight, promptly the real surplus electric weight initial value of current slot is RC0, and so current battery real surplus electric weight is:
RC＝RC0+current*dt (1)
Wherein dt is a very little time interval.
If be in effective discharge mode, i.e. the starting point of this discharge is the Full Charge Capacity state, till current no charged state or the idle condition generation, supposes that the time battery discharge current is accumulated as DCR0 before this, and so current battery discharge current is accumulated as:
DCR＝DCR0+|current|*dt (2)
The capacity of absolute being was designated as Qmax when the battery absolute capacity represented that battery completely fills, and the battery real surplus electric weight that can obtain current slot is:
RC＝Qmax-DCR (3)
Step S102: upgrade the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity.
In step 102, adopt internal resistance pressure drop update module, real-time update internal resistance pressure drop; Be specially the absolute residual capacity number percent that obtains current slot according to battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity; Open-circuit voltage according to absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence calculates described current internal resistance pressure drop.
At first calculate the absolute residual capacity number percent ASOC of current slot, formula is:
ASOC＝RC/Qmax (4)
The relation curve of the corresponding absolute residual capacity number percent ASOC of inquiry battery open circuit voltage OCV, as shown in Figure 2, it is the OCV-ASOC curve, utilize OCV-ASOC curve wherein to obtain the open-circuit voltage OCV (ASOC) of absolute residual capacity number percent ASOC correspondence, and calculate current internal resistance pressure drop CEDP, utilize formula to be:
CEDP＝OCV(ASOC)-VOL (5)
Wherein VOL provides accurate voltage parameter by voltage-level detector.
Step S103: determine capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop.
Step S103 adopts the threshold voltage correcting module to finish, and is used for automatically more new size correction threshold voltage; At first calculate the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, as the OCV curve among Fig. 3 according to the open-circuit voltage (Fig. 2) of absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence; Discharge curve during then according to the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and a certain current discharge of battery obtains the internal resistance of cell curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, as shown in Figure 4; Then obtain the battery both end voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence under the different discharge currents according to the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and the internal resistance of cell curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, as shown in Figure 3, only show the curve under 0.5C, 1C, the 2C electric current among the figure, wherein C is expressed as the numerical value of battery capacity.Determine different internal resistance pressure drop capacity corresponding correction threshold voltages according to above-mentioned curve at last.
At first calculate the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, as the OCV curve among Fig. 3 according to the open-circuit voltage (Fig. 2) of absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence; Can obtain according to formula (3) and formula (4):
DCR＝Qmax*(1-ASOC) (6)
Can obtain the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence so again in conjunction with the open-circuit voltage curve of absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence shown in Figure 2, as the OCV curve among Fig. 3.
Obtain the internal resistance of cell curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence according to the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and in conjunction with formula (7) then, as shown in Figure 4;
VOL＝OCV+current*Rb (7)
Work as battery remaining power more as can be seen by curve, internal resistance changes very little; When battery discharge during near dummy status, internal resistance of cell capacity sharply increases.
Then according to the open-circuit voltage curve (Fig. 2) of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and the internal resistance of cell curve (Fig. 4) of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, and obtain the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence under the different discharge currents in conjunction with formula (7), as shown in Figure 3, only show the curve under 0.5C, 1C, the 2C electric current among the figure, wherein C is expressed as the numerical value of battery capacity.
Determine different internal resistance pressure drop CEDP capacity corresponding correction threshold voltage EDV according to above-mentioned each curve at last; Capacity correction threshold voltage EDV represents that the remaining battery available power is 6% o'clock battery both end voltage, can obtain the remaining battery available power according to the open-circuit voltage curve (Fig. 3) of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence under the different discharge currents is 6% battery both end voltage, according to the internal resistance of cell curve (Fig. 4) of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence, obtain the pressure drop that respective electrical flows down internal resistance again.So just, obtaining no power and flow down different internal resistance pressure drop CEDP capacity corresponding correction threshold voltage EDV, is example with the Li battery, can obtain following table:
| CEDP/ |
0 | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 |
| EDV/mV | 3620 | 3658 | 3550 | 3525 | 3490 | 3470 | 3450 | 3440 | 3410 | 3375 | 3350 |
Step S104: calibrate the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fill available power and remaining battery available power.In the following several ways:
A, when battery is in charged state:
If be in approximate fully charged state, should be defined as VOL＞FCV by approximate fully charged state, and current＜FCI, wherein FCV is that battery is near expiring charging voltage, the voltage when the expression battery is full of electricity soon, voltage when it is full of less than battery, FCI is that battery flows near full charging, the electric current when the expression battery is full of electricity soon, and it is greater than the battery charge cut-off current, then current discharge current is accumulated as, and it is as follows then to upgrade remaining battery available power RM
RM＝FCC-NearFCC (8)
Wherein FCC is that battery completely fills available power, and the expression battery is full of electricity when discharge reaches cut-off voltage, the electric weight that battery can be emitted; NearFCC is the approximate full charge volume of battery: expression battery current state and be full of capacity difference between the electricity condition.
Otherwise it is as follows to upgrade remaining battery available power RM
RM＝RM0+current*dt (9)
Wherein RM0 is last time remaining battery available power
B, when battery is in discharge condition
If the battery both end voltage is for the first time less than EDV, then calibration battery completely fills available power FCC and remaining battery available power RM is as follows
FCC＝DCR/0.94 (10)
RM＝FCC*0.06 (11)
By the above RM=0.06*DCR/0.94 (12) that obtains
Not the person to upgrade RM as follows
RM＝RM0-|current?|*dt
C, battery are in when leaving unused
If battery is idle continuously more than 2 hours, upgraded a residual capacity in then per 2 hours, update method is as follows:
Detect battery both end voltage VOL, because battery is idle, electric current is 0, then battery both end voltage VOL=open-circuit voltage OCV; Bring battery both end voltage VOL the related table of open-circuit voltage OCV and the corresponding curve of absolute residual capacity ASOC into, obtain the absolute residual capacity of current voltage status
ASOC＝ASOC(VOL) (13)
It is as follows to upgrade remaining battery available power RM then
RM＝RC-(Qmax-FCC)
＝Qmax*ASOC-(Qmax-FCC)
＝FCC-(1-ASOC)*Qmax (14)
As time goes on, repeated execution of steps S101 just can realize real-time detection and control to the rechargeable battery electric weight to step S104, thereby can make rechargeable battery keep more stable duty, improves service efficiency, increases the service life.
Fig. 5 shows the structure according to electric weight measuring and controlling device of the present invention.This electric quantity detection apparatus comprises detection module 1, internal resistance pressure drop update module 2, threshold voltage correcting module 3 and electric weight calibration module 4 etc.Wherein, detection module 1 adopts coulombmeter utilizing the electric weight of coulometry change detected, and adopts current detector, voltage-level detector and timer to wait the various state parameters that extract rechargeable battery.Internal resistance pressure drop update module 2 mainly obtains the absolute residual capacity number percent of current slot according to battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity, open-circuit voltage according to absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence calculates current internal resistance pressure drop, upgrades the internal resistance pressure drop of battery with this.Threshold voltage correcting module 3 is mainly used in the threshold voltage of determining this rechargeable battery according to different curved line relations.Electric weight calibration module 4 main employing capacity calibrating devices completely fill available power and remaining battery available power with calibration battery.
Consider that this electric weight measuring and controlling device need carry out a large amount of numerical evaluation usually in the process that detects and control, therefore the storage unit that in detection module 1, internal resistance pressure drop update module 2, threshold voltage correcting module 3 and electric weight calibration module 4, is provided with computing unit and is used to store numerical result.
Electric weight detecting and control method provided by the invention is according to Li, rechargeable battery charge efficiencies such as Fe are almost 1 charge-discharge characteristic, utilize coulombmeter monitoring in real time to charge into or emit the electric weight of battery, the actual electric weight situation of real-time update battery, again according to Li, rechargeable battery open-circuit voltages such as Fe and capacity concern one to one, the current internal resistance pressure drop of real-time update battery, determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to the related table of internal resistance pressure drop and capacity calibration threshold value voltage then, according to actual available full charge volume of the automatic calibration battery of this threshold voltage and remaining battery available power.This method combines the advantage of voltage method and coulometry, come accumulated current with coulometry, even also can the estimating battery electric weight in the time of can't measuring open-circuit voltage, utilize voltage to revise the error that coulometry estimating battery electric weight causes again simultaneously, have the advantage that measuring accuracy is high and be convenient to implement.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the electric weight detecting and control method of a rechargeable battery is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtain the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight;
Upgrade the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity;
Determine capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop;
Calibrate the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fill available power and remaining battery available power.
2. the electric weight detecting and control method of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the variation electric weight employing coulometry detection of described detection rechargeable battery current slot.
3. the electric weight detecting and control method of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step of the current internal resistance pressure drop of described renewal battery comprises:
Obtain the absolute residual capacity number percent of current slot according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity;
Open-circuit voltage according to described absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence calculates described current internal resistance pressure drop.
4. according to the electric weight detecting and control method of each described a kind of rechargeable battery in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described definite capacity correction threshold voltage steps comprises:
Obtain the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence according to the open-circuit voltage of described absolute residual capacity number percent correspondence;
Discharge curve during according to the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and battery current discharge obtains the internal resistance of cell curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence;
Obtain the battery both end voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence under the different discharge currents according to the open-circuit voltage curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence and the internal resistance of cell curve of battery real surplus electric weight correspondence.
Determine different internal resistance pressure drop capacity corresponding correction threshold voltages according to above-mentioned curve.
5. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a rechargeable battery is characterized in that, comprising:
Detection module, it is used to detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and obtains the battery real surplus electric weight of current slot according to battery absolute capacity and accumulated change electric weight;
Internal resistance pressure drop update module, it is used for upgrading the current internal resistance pressure drop of battery according to described battery real surplus electric weight and battery absolute capacity;
The threshold voltage correcting module, it is used for determining capacity correction threshold voltage according to described current internal resistance pressure drop;
The electric weight calibration module, it is used for calibrating the battery of next time period according to described capacity correction threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and completely fills available power and remaining battery available power.
6. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described detection module comprises the coulombmeter that adopts coulometry to detect described variation electric weight.
7. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described detection module also comprises current detector, voltage-level detector and is used to provide the timer of timing signal.
8. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described detection module, described internal resistance update module, described threshold voltage correcting module and described electric weight calibration module comprise the computing unit that is used for numerical evaluation.
9. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a kind of rechargeable battery according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described detection module, described internal resistance update module, described threshold voltage correcting module and described electric weight calibration module also comprise the storage unit that is used to store numerical result.
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