CN102104259B - Electric quantity detecting and controlling method and device for rechargeable battery - Google Patents
Electric quantity detecting and controlling method and device for rechargeable battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102104259B CN102104259B CN 200910258144 CN200910258144A CN102104259B CN 102104259 B CN102104259 B CN 102104259B CN 200910258144 CN200910258144 CN 200910258144 CN 200910258144 A CN200910258144 A CN 200910258144A CN 102104259 B CN102104259 B CN 102104259B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric quantity detecting and controlling method and an electric quantity detecting and controlling device for a rechargeable battery. The method comprises the following steps of: detecting an electric quantity change of the rechargeable battery in a current time period to update a cumulative electric quantity change; updating remaining available electric quantity in the current time period according to a remaining available electric quantity initial value and the electric quantity change in the current time period; updating the current internal resistance of the battery according to the remaining available electric quantity and the fully-charged available electric quantity in the current time period; determining a capacity-calibrated threshold voltage according to the current internal resistance; and calibrating the fully-charged available electric quantity and the remaining available electric quantity initial value in a next time period according to the threshold voltage and the accumulative electric quantity. The electric quantity detecting and controlling method has the advantages that: the precision is high, the method is convenient to implement and the like. Correspondingly, the electric quantity detecting and controlling device comprises a detection module, an internal resistance update module, a threshold voltage calibration module and an electric quantity calibration module, and has the advantages that: the device is convenient and simple to operate, the measurement precision is high and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery detecting and control field, relate to a kind of electric weight detecting and control method and device of rechargeable battery specifically.
Background technology
Rechargeable battery is widely used in the portable type electronic product, because it can be repeatedly used the advantage with service efficiency height, energy-conserving and environment-protective, but continue at rechargeable battery under the situation of use and the increase of charge and discharge cycles number of times, battery performance can be degenerated gradually, cause the capacity of battery to reduce gradually, thereby can influence the operating state of battery, therefore accurate detection and the regulation and control to battery electric quantity are to guarantee one of key factor of electronic product operate as normal.
At present, the rechargeable battery that is made with materials such as Li, Fe has that charging interval weak point, stable work in work, fail safe are good, the advantage of long service life, is the main product on the market.Mainly adopt following several schemes according to the charge status of rechargeable batteries such as Li, Fe with the electric weight of accurate estimating battery:
1, voltage method.This method estimates indirectly that with monitoring battery both end voltage the electric weight of battery, principle are to have strict corresponding relationship between the open circuit voltage of battery of model of the same race and the electric weight.When battery when to be in electric current be 0 idle state, directly survey the battery both end voltage and be open circuit voltage.This method can be more accurate the estimating battery electric weight, but charge or during state that electric currents such as discharge are bigger, can't measure battery open circuit voltage, thereby cause accurately estimating battery electric weight when battery is in, have certain difficulty in practice.
2, coulometry.This method is approximately 1 charge efficiency according to Coulomb's law and calculus principle in conjunction with the Li battery, the estimating battery electric weight.
In this method, as long as time interval dt is enough little, just can guarantee the detection accuracy of electric weight Q, current measurement is convenient, is easy to realize.But after the electric current accumulation through repeatedly circulation, error will increase, and after the battery environment for use changed, electric weight also changed thereupon, and this method can't adapt to this variation, causes the error increase.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the objective of the invention is to provide the electric weight detecting and control method of the high and rechargeable battery being convenient to realize of a kind of certainty of measurement.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of electric weight detecting and control method of rechargeable battery, its step comprises: the variation electric weight that detects the rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and according to the residue available power initial value of current slot with change the residue available power that electric weight upgrades current slot; Fill available power according to expiring of residue available power and current slot and upgrade the current internal resistance of battery; Determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to current internal resistance; Calibrate expiring of next time period according to threshold voltage and accumulated change electric weight and fill available power and residue available power initial value.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the electric weight detecting and control method of this rechargeable battery is taken into account the advantage of voltage method and coulometry simultaneously, come accumulated current with coulometry, even also can the estimating battery electric weight in the time can't measuring open circuit voltage, simultaneously utilize voltage to revise the error that coulometry estimating battery electric weight causes again, it is high and be convenient to advantage such as realization that this method has certainty of measurement, is with a wide range of applications.
Therewith accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery, it comprises: detection module, it is for detection of the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and according to the residue available power initial value of current slot with change the residue available power that electric weight upgrades current slot; The internal resistance update module, it is used for filling available power according to expiring of residue available power and current slot and upgrades the current internal resistance of battery; The threshold voltage calibration module, it is used for determining capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to current internal resistance; And the electric weight calibration module, it is used for calibrating expiring of next time period according to threshold voltage and accumulated change electric weight and fills available power and residue available power initial value.That this device has is simple in structure, be convenient to operation and precision advantages of higher, has improved the reliability and stability to detection and the control of rechargeable battery electric weight effectively.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the electric weight detecting and control method of the embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to the electric weight measuring and controlling device of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Electric weight detecting and control method according to the rechargeable battery of the embodiment of the invention, roughly flow process as shown in Figure 1, its key step comprises: the variation electric weight that detects the rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and according to the residue available power initial value of current slot with change the residue available power that electric weight upgrades current slot; Fill available power according to expiring of residue available power and current slot and upgrade the current internal resistance of battery; Determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to current internal resistance; Calibrate expiring of next time period according to threshold voltage and accumulated change electric weight and fill available power and residue available power initial value.Each step specific operation process is as follows:
Step S101: detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and according to the residue available power initial value of current slot with change the residue available power that electric weight upgrades current slot.
When monitoring charges into or emit the electric quantity change state of electric weight, mainly adopt current detector, voltage detector, timer and Coulomb meter etc.
Wherein, current detector is made up of the current with high accuracy detection module, and precise current parameter current is provided, and when charged state, electric current is for just, and when discharge condition, electric current is for negative.
Voltage detector is made up of high-precision voltage detection module, and accurate voltage parameter voltage is provided.
Timer is made up of high-precision timing module, and accurate timing signal can be provided, and the set time is divided into 1s.
Coulomb meter detects the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot according to coulometry, its according to the timer set time every the primary current that adds up, this set time generally is designed to 1s every in the present embodiment, utilizes the principle of Q=I*T to calculate the electric weight that charges into or flow out battery then.
Suppose that 1s detects current=100mA, 2s detects current=-200mA, and 3s detects current=820mA, and detecting the electric weight that charges into through Coulomb meter behind the 3s so is 100-200+820=720mAs=0.2mAh.
This Coulomb meter only can change remaining battery available power RemainingCapacity and battery discharge current accumulation DischargeCapacity, suppose last time remaining battery available power, the residue available power initial value that is current slot is RemainingCapacity0, and so current remaining battery available power is
Re mainingCapacity＝Re mainingCapacity0+current (2)
If be in effective discharge mode, the starting point of i.e. this discharge is the Full Charge Capacity state, till current no charged state or idle condition take place, suppose that the time battery discharge current is accumulated as DischargeCapacity0 before this, so current battery discharge current is accumulated as
DischargeCapacity＝DischargeCapacity0+|current| (3)
If be in approximate fully charged state, should be defined as voltage＞FCV by approximate fully charged state, and current＜FCI, wherein FCV is that battery approaches full charging voltage, the voltage when the expression battery is full of electricity soon, the voltage when it is full of less than battery, FCI is that battery approaches full charging stream, electric current when the expression battery is full of electricity soon, it is greater than the battery charge cut-off current, and then current discharging current is accumulated as
DischargeCapacity＝DischargeCapacity0-|current| (4)
Suppose that the time interval is 1s, the unit of residual capacity is mAh, and current unit is mA, and so above-mentioned formula should be modified to
Re mainingCapacity＝Re mainingCapacity0+current/3600 (5)
DischargeCapacity＝DischargeCapacity0+|current|/3600 (6)
Step S102: fill available power according to expiring of residue available power and current slot and upgrade the current internal resistance of battery.
In step S102, adopt the internal resistance detector with the variation of the real-time monitoring internal resistance of cell, and upgrade internal resistance Rb.At first fill the absolute residual capacity percentage of the residue available power calculating current slot of available power and current slot according to expiring of current slot; Open circuit voltage according to absolute residual capacity percentage correspondence calculates described current internal resistance then.
At first calculate the absolute residual capacity percentage ASOC of current slot, formula is:
ASOC＝1-(FullCharg eCapacity-Re mainingCapacity)/Q max (7)
Wherein, Q
MaxThe capacity of absolute being when completely filling for battery.
The correspondence table of internal resistance under inquiry battery open circuit voltage, absolute residual capacity percentage and the specified temp correspondence, it is the OCV-ASOC-Rb form, utilize OCV-ASOC form wherein to obtain the open circuit voltage OCV (ASOC) of absolute residual capacity percentage ASOC correspondence, approximate calculation goes out the current internal resistance Rb of battery, and computational methods are
Rb＝(OCV(ASOC)-voltage)/|current| (8)
For guaranteeing computational accuracy, current must be enough big.
Step S103: determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to current internal resistance.
Step S103 adopts the automatic update module of threshold voltage to finish, and is used for upgrading automatically threshold voltage ThreVol6, at first calculates the aging coefficient of the current slot internal resistance of cell; Absolute dump energy percentage when discharge ends according to aging coefficient calculating current slot then; Absolute dump energy percentage when the absolute dump energy percentage calculation when then being ended by discharge is discharged to residue 6% electric weight; The last absolute dump energy percentage calculation capacity calibration threshold value voltage when being discharged to residue 6% electric weight.Particularly:
At first the absolute residual capacity percentage of basis and the corresponding relation ASOC-Rb form of internal resistance of cell Rb are tabled look-up and are determined the internal resistance of cell Rb (ASOC) that the absolute residual capacity percentage of current state is corresponding, and the aging coefficient Ra of the calculating current slot internal resistance of cell is
Ra＝Rb/Rb(ASOC) (9)
Wherein, Rb is the internal resistance after current internal resistance detector upgrades, and Rb (ASOC) is the new internal resistance of cell of the gained of tabling look-up under the current ASOC state.
Absolute dump energy percentage when adopting the definite discharge of the alternative manner that approaches one by one to end then is designated as ASOC0, if the absolute dump energy percentage of current slot is ASOC1, so with the following formula of ASOC=ASOC1-n% substitution
OCV(ASOC)-|current|×Ra×Rb(ASOC) (10)
If above-mentioned formula (10) result calculated is the voltage ThreVol0 at 0% o'clock battery two ends greater than the remaining battery available power, continue the % with ASOC=ASOC1-(n+n) so, just make n=n+n substitution following formula, repeat above-mentioned iterative step until the following formula result calculated occurring less than ThreVol0, Ci Shi ASOC namely is ASOC0 so.
Wherein, adjusting step-length n is positive number, and n is more big, and then the ASOC0 precision is more low, and computation complexity is more low; N is more little, and then precision is more high, but computation complexity is also just more high.
Then, determine that the residue available power is the absolute dump energy percentage ASOC6 of the voltage ThreVol6 correspondence at 6% o'clock battery two ends.Because rechargeable battery in actual use, if after being discharged to 0% just charging will greatly influence battery performance and reduce battery useful life, therefore the embodiment of the invention selects for use dump energy to be reduced to 6% for starting the critical value of charging, helps to keep battery to be in preferable operating state.Calculating ASOC6 by following formula is
ASOC6＝ASOC0+(1-ASOC0)×0.06 (11)
Final updating ThreVol6 and with it as capacity calibration threshold value voltage, method is as follows
ThreVol6＝OCV(ASOC6)-Ra×Rb(ASOC6)×|current| (12)
Step S104: calibrate expiring of next time period according to threshold voltage and accumulated change electric weight and fill available power and residue available power initial value.
The actual electric weight of real-time update rechargeable battery is finished by the capacity calibrator.The capacity calibrator will completely fill available power FullChargeCapacity according to threshold voltage and accumulated change electric weight and in conjunction with the automatic calibration battery residue available power RemainingCapacity of cell voltage voltage and battery, with the initial value as next one section detection time, the process of renewal is specially:
When charged state, judge that battery enters approximate fully charged state for the first time, calibration RemainingCapacity and DischargeCapacity are
Re mainingCapacity＝FullCh arg eCapacity-NearFCC (13)
Disch arg eCapacity＝NearFCC (14)
Wherein, NearFCC represents the battery current state and is full of capacity difference between the electricity condition, i.e. the approximate full charge volume of battery.
When discharge condition, the voltage ThreVol6 at battery two ends when voltage reaches the remaining battery available power for the first time and is 6%, just capacity correction threshold voltage is then calibrated FullChargeCapacity, and calibration steps is as follows
FullChargeCapacity＝DischargeCapacity/0.94 (15)
Calibrated FullChargeCapacity, calibrated RemainingCapacity again and be
Re mainingCapacity＝FullCh arg eCapacity-DischargeCapacity (16)
Defining cell degradation coefficient AS then is the percentage that completely fills available power FullChargeCapacity and new battery design capacity DesignCapacity behind the cell degradation, and computational methods are
AS＝FullCh arg eCapacity/DesignCapacity (17)
In discharge condition, as RemainingCapacity＜=0.06*FullChargeCapacity, and voltage＞ThreVol6, then calibrate RemainingCapacity, calibration steps is as follows
Re mainingCapacity＝FullCh arg eCapacity×0.06 (18)
If battery is in idle state more than 2 hours continuously, namely not having charge status takes place to continue more than 2 hours, then upgraded a RemainingCapacity in per 15 minutes, method is with the corresponding relation OCV-ASOC form of voltage as open circuit voltage substitution battery open circuit voltage and absolute residual capacity percentage, table look-up and obtain the absolute dump energy percentage of this open circuit voltage correspondence, be designated as ASOC (voltage), then
Re maingCapacity＝FullCh arg eCapacity-(1-ASOC)×Qmax (19)
The result of calculation of step S104 will be filled available power and residue available power initial value as expiring of next time period.As time goes on, repeated execution of steps S101 just can realize real-time detection and control to the rechargeable battery electric weight to step S104, thereby can make rechargeable battery keep more stable operating state, improves service efficiency, increases the service life.
Fig. 2 shows the structure according to electric weight measuring and controlling device of the present invention.This electric quantity detection apparatus comprises detection module 1, internal resistance update module 2, threshold voltage calibration module 3 and electric weight calibration module 4 etc.Wherein, detection module 1 adopts Coulomb meter utilizing the electric weight of coulometry change detected, and adopts current detector, voltage detector and timer to wait to extract the various state parameters of rechargeable battery.The internal resistance update module 2 main internal resistance detectors that adopt are to upgrade the internal resistance of battery.Threshold voltage calibration module 3 is mainly used in redefining according to the aging conditions of battery the threshold voltage of this rechargeable battery.Electric weight calibration module 4 main employing capacity calibrators are with the actual available full charge volume of calibration battery and actual available dump energy.
Consider that this electric weight measuring and controlling device need carry out a large amount of numerical computations usually in the process that detects and control, therefore the memory cell that in detection module 1, internal resistance update module 2, threshold voltage calibration module 3 and electric weight calibration module 4, is provided with computing unit and is used for the storage numerical result.
Electric weight detecting and control method provided by the invention is according to Li, rechargeable battery charge efficiencies such as Fe are almost 1 charge-discharge characteristic, utilize Coulomb meter monitoring in real time to charge into or emit the electric weight of battery, the actual electric weight situation of real-time update battery, again according to Li, rechargeable battery open circuit voltages such as Fe and capacity concern one to one, the current internal resistance of real-time update battery, then according to the aging conditions of the internal resistance of cell under the present case, be the ratio of the internal resistance of cell when just having produced under the current absolute residual capacity percentage situation, accurately estimate the absolute residual capacity percentage when battery discharge ends, determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage, at last according to the actual available full charge volume of the automatic calibration battery of this threshold voltage and actual available dump energy.This method combines the advantage of voltage method and coulometry, come accumulated current with coulometry, even also can the estimating battery electric weight in the time of can't measuring open circuit voltage, utilize voltage to revise the error that coulometry estimating battery electric weight causes again simultaneously, have the advantage that certainty of measurement is high and be convenient to implement.
More than disclosed only be the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the scope of the present invention with this certainly.Be appreciated that the equivalent variations of doing according to the present invention's essence defined in the appended claims and scope, still belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (9)
1. the electric weight detecting and control method of a rechargeable battery is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Detect the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and the residue available power of upgrading current slot according to residue available power initial value and the described variation electric weight of current slot;
Fill available power according to expiring of described residue available power and current slot and upgrade the current internal resistance of battery;
Determine capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to described current internal resistance;
Calibrate expiring of next time period according to described capacity calibration threshold value voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and fill available power and residue available power initial value;
Described definite capacity calibration threshold value voltage steps comprises:
Calculate the aging coefficient of the current slot internal resistance of cell;
Absolute dump energy percentage when discharge ends according to described aging coefficient calculating current slot:
Absolute dump energy percentage when the absolute dump energy percentage calculation when being ended by described discharge is discharged to residue 6% electric weight;
By the described absolute dump energy percentage calculation capacity calibration threshold value voltage of residue during 6% electric weight that is discharged to.
2. the electric weight detecting and control method of rechargeable battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the variation electric weight of described detection rechargeable battery current slot adopts coulometry to detect.
3. the electric weight detecting and control method of rechargeable battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the current internal resistance step of described renewal battery comprises:
Fill the absolute residual capacity percentage of the residue available power calculating current slot of available power and described current slot according to expiring of described current slot;
Open circuit voltage according to described absolute residual capacity percentage correspondence calculates described current internal resistance.
4. the electric weight detecting and control method of rechargeable battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described according to described aging coefficient calculate the current slot discharge by the time absolute dump energy percentage step adopt iterative method to approach one by one.
5. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of a rechargeable battery is characterized in that, comprising:
Detection module, it is for detection of the variation electric weight of rechargeable battery current slot, upgrading the accumulated change electric weight, and the residue available power of upgrading current slot according to residue available power initial value and the described variation electric weight of current slot;
The internal resistance update module, it is used for filling available power according to expiring of described residue available power and current slot and upgrades the current internal resistance of battery;
The threshold voltage calibration module, it is used for determining capacity calibration threshold value voltage according to described current internal resistance that described threshold voltage calibration module comprises: the unit that calculates the aging coefficient of the current slot internal resistance of cell; The unit of the absolute dump energy percentage when discharge ends according to described aging coefficient calculating current slot; The unit of the absolute dump energy percentage when the absolute dump energy percentage calculation when being ended by described discharge is discharged to residue 6% electric weight; By the described unit that is discharged to the absolute dump energy percentage calculation capacity calibration threshold value voltage of residue during 6% electric weight; And
The electric weight calibration module, it is used for calibrating expiring of next time period according to described threshold voltage and described accumulated change electric weight and fills available power and residue available power initial value.
6. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described detection module comprises the Coulomb meter that adopts coulometry to detect described variation electric weight.
7. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described detection module also comprises current detector, voltage detector and is used for providing the timer of timing signal.
8. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described detection module, described internal resistance update module, described threshold voltage calibration module and described electric weight calibration module comprise the computing unit for numerical computations.
9. the electric weight measuring and controlling device of rechargeable battery according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described detection module, described internal resistance update module, described threshold voltage calibration module and described electric weight calibration module also comprise the memory cell for the storage numerical result.
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| CN201184909Y (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-01-21 | 深圳市比克电池有限公司 | Electric quantity display apparatus |
| CN101303397A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2008-11-12 | 河北工业大学 | Method and apparatus for computing lithium ion batteries residual electric energy |
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| TWI636271B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2018-09-21 | 力智電子股份有限公司 | Apparatus and method for measuring capacity of cell module |
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