CN1165486A - 污染废物的处理方法 - Google Patents

污染废物的处理方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1165486A
CN1165486A CN95196253A CN95196253A CN1165486A CN 1165486 A CN1165486 A CN 1165486A CN 95196253 A CN95196253 A CN 95196253A CN 95196253 A CN95196253 A CN 95196253A CN 1165486 A CN1165486 A CN 1165486A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
calcium
sulfide
calcium carbonate
consumption
phosphate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN95196253A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1116082C (zh
Inventor
R·J·沃斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHENGSHI SHAOPU (TIANJIN) ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Solucorp Industries Ltd Canada
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23330574&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1165486(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Solucorp Industries Ltd Canada filed Critical Solucorp Industries Ltd Canada
Publication of CN1165486A publication Critical patent/CN1165486A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1116082C publication Critical patent/CN1116082C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/24—Organic substances containing heavy metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state

Abstract

一种处理污染废物以稳定对环境有害的重金属的方法。污染废物与以下组分的混合物接触，(i)无机硫化物，(ii)防止硫化物氧化的磷酸钙，和(iii)碳酸钙(起碱作用)。加入水以增加混合过程中的物质传输。碳酸钙可以与氧化钙混合，以提供附加的碱。

Description

污染废物的处理方法
本发明涉及一种处理污染废物、尤其是含有毒金属废物的方法，该方法可使有毒金属变得对环境无害。
处理废物如土壤、煤灰、污泥、袋收尘器的灰尘和沉降物中的重金属并使金属稳定变得越来越重要了。这些金属可变得具有流动性，进入地表水并对生态环境造成危害。例如，土地由工业区转变成娱乐或居住用途是很有意义的。但特别关心的是土壤包含有对环境有毒的元素，这可能是天然引起也可能是由于在其位置上进行过的工业行为产生。这些元素可以浸提出来变得可流动，并进入水床从而在环境中快速扩散，引起严重的环境危害。
已知可以将这些元素稳定为不溶于水的形式，使它们不能从污染废物中浸提出来进入环境。但现存方法只获得了有限的成功，本发明旨在寻找对现有方法的进一步改进。
因此，本发明提供了一种处理污染废物以稳定对环境有害的重金属的方法，该方法包括(a)将污染废物与下面组分的混合物接触，(i)选自硫化钙、多硫化钙、硫化钠、氢硫化钠和硫化铁中的硫化物，(ii)防止硫化物氧化的磷酸钙和(iii)碳酸钙；和(b)混合时加入水以改善物质的传输。
加入磷酸钙可以通过沉淀任何存在的三价铁，使其氧化还原势不足以氧化金属硫化物，从而防止污染金属的重新流动。磷酸钙优选以污染废物的1-3wt％的量的使用。优选的磷酸钙是磷酸氢钙。
碳酸钙起碱性化合物的作用，并可由氧化钙补充。碱性化合物的用量应足以提供两倍或更多的中和由添加的硫化物产生的酸的中和能力的量。碳酸钙(以及如果有的话，氧化钙)的添加通过对每一份最大的酸度提供超过2份的中和能力，从而提供了附加的安全手段。碳酸钙优选是细的，即具有小的粒径。碱组分的使用是用来保证处理的废物的最终pH值大于约8.5。
硫化物优选以污染废物的1-12wt％的量使用，实际使用量取决于污染物存在的浓度。硫化物、磷酸钙、碳酸钙和如果存在的话，氧化钙在使用之前先混合。
碱(碳酸钙和可能的，氧化钙)和磷酸钙的添加增加了处理废物的pH值，从而将一部分金属转变成磷酸盐和碳酸盐。pH值增大到8.5以上还防止了硫化氢气体的产生。
用以下实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例
用根据本发明的方法制备和处理废物试样并与未处理试样进行比较。根据“有害废物管理系体：有害废物的鉴别和清单；毒性修订；最终规则，环保署，联邦注册，第II部分，40CFR第261部分等，1990年3月29日”中所述毒性浸提工艺(TCLP)对处理和未处理试样进行检测，得到以下结果。
                                表1
    废物源   污染金属   未处理TCLP(mg/L)    处理后TCLP(mg/L) 安全弃置的条件
汽车回收器污垢     铅     55     ＜0.10     5
酸洗后污泥     铅     650     0.74     5
铸造废土     铅     400     ＜0.05     5
尽管以现有技术可知单独的硫化物可用来稳定污染废物中的有毒金属，但仅用硫化物涉及这样的问题：硫化物随后又会发生氧化并产生酸，这就使污染金属重新变得可以流动。参见Conner，Jesse R.“有害废物的化学稳定和固化”Van Nostrand Reinhold，New York，New York.国会图书馆，TD1060.C66 1990，第83页。本发明的方法缓减了由与三价铁反应而引起的金属硫化物的反应性问题。本发明的方法中加入了磷酸盐，它可以沉淀任何存在的三价铁，使得氧化还原势不足以氧化金属硫化物-参见Renton J.J.等人“磷酸盐作为酸性矿排放水的改进剂”，Inf.Cir-美国矿产局，1988，IC9183号，矿物排放及硫化物矿回收，Vol.1，67-75页，以及Stiller A.B.等人“用磷酸盐矿(磷灰石)来改善酸产煤矿废物的实验评估”，矿物科学与技术，Vol.9，No.3，1989年11月，283-287页。
尽管为了清楚起见，通过说明和实施例对本发明进行了详细叙述，但对本领域技术人员而言，在不背离本发明实质和所附权利要求范围的前提下，在本发明教导启示下，可以对本发明作出一些变化和改进。

Claims (7)

1.处理污染废物以稳定对环境有害的重金属的方法，它包括以下步骤：
(a)将污染废物与下面组分的混合物接触，i)选自硫化钙、多硫化钙、硫化钠、氢硫化钠和硫化铁的硫化物，ii)防止硫化物氧化的磷酸钙，和iii)作为碱的碳酸钙；和
(b)在混合期间加入水以增强物质传输。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其中磷酸盐的用量为污染废物的1-3wt％。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，其中磷酸钙是磷酸氢钙。
4.根据权利要求1的方法，其中向混合物中加入氧化钙，碳酸钙和氧化钙二者均起到碱的作用。
5.根据权利要求1的方法，其中碳酸钙的用量应足以提供两倍或更多倍中和由添加的硫化物所产生的酸的中和能力。
6.根据权利要求4的方法，其中碳酸钙和氧化钙的用量应足以提供两部或更多倍的中和能力。
7.根据权利要求1的方法，其中硫化物的用量为污染废物的1-12wt％。
CN95196253A 1994-11-15 1995-09-15 污染废物的处理方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1116082C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33978494A 1994-11-15 1994-11-15
US08/339,784 1994-11-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1165486A true CN1165486A (zh) 1997-11-19
CN1116082C CN1116082C (zh) 2003-07-30

Family

ID=23330574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN95196253A Expired - Lifetime CN1116082C (zh) 1994-11-15 1995-09-15 污染废物的处理方法

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5898093A (zh)
EP (1) EP0790846B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1116082C (zh)
AT (1) ATE187089T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU3468095A (zh)
CA (1) CA2137996C (zh)
DE (1) DE69513684D1 (zh)
PL (1) PL180645B1 (zh)
PT (1) PT790846E (zh)
WO (1) WO1996014901A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102701554A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-03 郑州大学 一种用于重金属污染底泥治理的稳定剂
CN102921142A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-13 莱沃睿智绿色科技（北京）有限公司 重金属污染物固定化试剂组合物及固定化治理方法
CN106565199A (zh) * 2016-10-10 2017-04-19 无锡易水元资源循环科技有限公司 一种采用水处理污泥制砖的方法
CN110279975A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-27 哈德逊（苏州）水技术有限公司 垃圾焚烧飞灰固化剂

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5877393A (en) * 1996-08-30 1999-03-02 Solucorp Industries, Ltd. Treatment process for contaminated waste
BE1010618A3 (fr) * 1996-09-12 1998-11-03 Revatech S A Procede de solidification de residus d'epuration des fumees d'incinerateurs d'ordures menageres et de dechets industriels liquides et solides.
US6337058B1 (en) 1996-09-16 2002-01-08 E&C Williams Inc. Process for producing calcium sulfide
DE19717122A1 (de) * 1997-04-23 1998-10-29 Kali Umwelttechnik Sondershaus Mineralischer Versatzbaustoff für den Versatz untertägiger Hohlräume
FR2768933B1 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-11-12 Rhodia Chimie Sa Agent d'elimination des metaux lourds comprenant un compose du type phosphate
AU1656999A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-12 Solucorp Industries Ltd. Integrated fixation systems
EP1062035A1 (en) * 1998-05-06 2000-12-27 Solucorp Industries Ltd. Integrated fixation systems
US6838504B1 (en) 1998-05-06 2005-01-04 Solucorp Industries Ltd. Integrated fixation systems
US6797178B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2004-09-28 Ada Technologies, Inc. Method for removing mercury and mercuric compounds from dental effluents
AU2002219907A1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-11 Ada Technologies, Inc. Improved method for fixating sludges and soils contaminated with mercury and other heavy metals
US6682713B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2004-01-27 Tosoh Corporation Iron sulfides, processes for producing the same, iron sulfide mixture, heavy metal treating agent, and method of treating with the agent
US6797171B2 (en) * 2001-05-14 2004-09-28 Robert W. Bartlett In situ anaerobic bioremediation of earth and sold waste contaminants using organic/water emulsions
GB2381884A (en) * 2001-07-16 2003-05-14 Pablo D Cappellini A search engine of flexibly-defined paths applicable to the search of transportation-related routes
US7183235B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2007-02-27 Ada Technologies, Inc. High capacity regenerable sorbent for removing arsenic and other toxic ions from drinking water
WO2005032394A2 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-14 Ada Technologies, Inc. System for removing mercury and mercuric compounds from dental wastes
US20060280907A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Whitaker Robert H Novel mineral composition
US7833339B2 (en) * 2006-04-18 2010-11-16 Franklin Industrial Minerals Mineral filler composition
US7651559B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2010-01-26 Franklin Industrial Minerals Mineral composition
WO2008003101A1 (de) * 2006-07-04 2008-01-10 Gaston Glock Verfahren zur schwermetallabtrennung
EP2438632A4 (en) * 2009-06-03 2014-01-22 First Solar Inc PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE WITH AUTOMATIC RESTORATION
CA2848712C (en) * 2011-03-29 2019-09-24 Heritage Environmental Services, Llc Stabilizing hazardous wastes using waste byproducts
US9662630B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-05-30 ADA-ES, Inc. Methods for solidification and stabilization of industrial byproducts
US10809677B2 (en) 2014-06-12 2020-10-20 ADA-ES, Inc. Methods to substantially optimize concentration of materials in an output stream
WO2019060853A1 (en) 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 HMR Solutions, Inc. METHOD AND REACTIVE SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF MATERIAL CONTAMINATED WITH MERCURY
CN108913153A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2018-11-30 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 一种适用于重金属复合污染农田安全利用的复合材料

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3817859A (en) * 1972-03-29 1974-06-18 Texaco Inc Waste water treatment method
US4354942A (en) * 1980-11-26 1982-10-19 Olin Corporation Stabilization of mercury in mercury-containing materials
US4364773A (en) * 1980-12-23 1982-12-21 Marcel Veronneau Waste metal conversion process and products
US4629509A (en) * 1985-06-24 1986-12-16 Allied Corporation Immobilization of lead and cadmium in fly ash
US4737356A (en) * 1985-11-18 1988-04-12 Wheelabrator Environmental Systems Inc. Immobilization of lead and cadmium in solid residues from the combustion of refuse using lime and phosphate
US4687373A (en) * 1986-05-21 1987-08-18 Lopat Industries, Inc. Composition to encapsulate toxic metal and/or organic pollutants from wastes
DE3632365A1 (de) * 1986-09-24 1988-03-31 Friedrich Boelsing Verfahren zur immobilisierung von schadstoffen im boden oder bodenaehnlichen materialien
DE3918292C2 (de) * 1988-10-04 1993-11-25 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Behandlung von schwermetallhaltiger Flugasche aus dem Rauchgas von Verbrennungsanlagen, insbesondere Müll- bzw. Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
US5193936B1 (en) * 1990-03-16 1996-03-19 Maecorp Inc Fixation and stabilization of lead in contaminated soil and solid waste
US5527982A (en) * 1990-03-16 1996-06-18 Sevenson Environmental Services, Inc. Fixation and stabilization of metals in contaminated materials
US5037479A (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-08-06 Rmt, Inc. Method for reduction of heavy metal leaching from hazardous waste under acidic and nonacidic conditions
US5139365A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-08-18 Warren Chesner Process for waste injection into landfills for waste management, landfill reclamation, enhanced biodegradation and enhanced methane gas generation and recovery
US5162600A (en) * 1990-12-28 1992-11-10 Rheox, Inc. Method of treating lead contaminated soil
US5202033A (en) * 1991-09-30 1993-04-13 Rmt, Inc. In situ method for decreasing heavy metal leaching from soil or waste
SE500177C2 (sv) * 1992-05-06 1994-05-02 Tord Georg Eriksson Förfarande för samtidig reduktion av resthalterna av tungmetaller och olja i oljebemängda avloppsvatten
FR2694710B1 (fr) * 1992-08-14 1994-11-04 Secomi Procédé de neutralisation des métaux lourds contenus dans les résidus d'incinération de déchets.
US5536899A (en) * 1993-03-12 1996-07-16 Forrester; Keith E. Stabilization of lead bearing waste
US5397478A (en) * 1993-08-13 1995-03-14 Sevenson Environmental Services, Inc. Fixation and stabilization of chromium in contaminated materials
US5512702A (en) * 1993-11-08 1996-04-30 The Ohio State University Research Foundation Method for in-situ immobilization of lead in contaminated soils, wastes, and sediments using solid calcium phosphate materials
CN1037197C (zh) * 1994-01-09 1998-01-28 高尚俭 从含砷废水中提取砷的方法及装置
US5637355A (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-06-10 Rmt, Inc. Method of nonhazardous removal of paint containing heavy metals and coating preparation for performing the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102701554A (zh) * 2012-06-28 2012-10-03 郑州大学 一种用于重金属污染底泥治理的稳定剂
CN102921142A (zh) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-13 莱沃睿智绿色科技（北京）有限公司 重金属污染物固定化试剂组合物及固定化治理方法
CN102921142B (zh) * 2012-11-06 2016-04-27 莱沃睿智绿色科技（北京）有限公司 重金属污染物固定化试剂组合物及固定化治理方法
CN106565199A (zh) * 2016-10-10 2017-04-19 无锡易水元资源循环科技有限公司 一种采用水处理污泥制砖的方法
CN110279975A (zh) * 2019-07-23 2019-09-27 哈德逊（苏州）水技术有限公司 垃圾焚烧飞灰固化剂

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69513684D1 (de) 2000-01-05
CN1116082C (zh) 2003-07-30
PL320118A1 (en) 1997-09-15
US5898093A (en) 1999-04-27
CA2137996C (en) 2007-10-16
CA2137996A1 (en) 1996-05-16
PL180645B1 (pl) 2001-03-30
PT790846E (pt) 2001-04-30
AU3468095A (en) 1996-06-06
WO1996014901A1 (en) 1996-05-23
EP0790846B1 (en) 1999-12-01
ATE187089T1 (de) 1999-12-15
EP0790846A1 (en) 1997-08-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1116082C (zh) 污染废物的处理方法
US5877393A (en) Treatment process for contaminated waste
Fishbein Sources, transport and alterations of metal compounds: an overview. I. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel.
US4687373A (en) Composition to encapsulate toxic metal and/or organic pollutants from wastes
US5130051A (en) Composition to encapsulate chromium, arsenic and other toxic metals in wastes
US4889640A (en) Method and mixture for treating hazardous wastes
US4950409A (en) Method for treating hazardous wastes
US6543964B2 (en) Stabilization of arsenic-contaminated materials
CN101690934B (zh) 一种互补型药剂配合稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰的方法
US7736291B2 (en) Method for stabilization of heavy metals and odor control with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate powder
CN109304363B (zh) 一种适用于石油污染土壤的化学修复药剂及其使用方法
US7530939B2 (en) Method for stabilization of heavy metals in incinerator bottom ash and odor control with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate powder
US20040068156A1 (en) Heavy metal stabilization using wet process phosphoric acids and complexing combinations, particularly for mining waste
US20020115899A1 (en) Reducing lead bioavailability
CN111228711B (zh) 一种利用石化废碱渣对含汞废盐渣进行稳定化固化的方法
EP0335024A1 (en) Immobilization of lead and cadmium in solid residues from the combustion of refuse using lime phosphate
JP3271534B2 (ja) 鉛、六価クロム、ヒ素及びセレンを含有する灰の処理方法
CN110227229B (zh) 一种脱砷渣复合稳定化药剂及其应用
JP4203576B2 (ja) ホウ素含有排水の処理方法
MY108219A (en) Process for the microbial oxidation of sulphidic wastes
JPS5980318A (ja) 都市ゴミ焼却炉排ガス中の窒素酸化物の低減方法
JP4035246B2 (ja) 廃棄物処理方法
Singh Treating acid mine drainage with BSR.
AU732646B3 (en) Treatment process for contaminated waste
JPH09285773A (ja) 廃棄物処理剤および処理方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: DYNAMIC CENTURY INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SOLUCORP INDUSTRIES LTD

Effective date: 20090417

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20090417

Address after: Room CD, eighteen floor Hongkong Kowloon Hong Kongg No. fifty-three swap center

Patentee after: TRX Dynasty International Sdn Bhd

Address before: British Columbia Canada

Patentee before: Solucorp Industries Ltd.

ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: LANDSMART SOLUTIONS LTD.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LANDSMART INTERNATIONAL LTD.

Effective date: 20120531

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20120531

Address after: Chinese Kwun Tong Kowloon Hongkong hung to Road No. 53 building C-D room 18 swap center

Patentee after: Shengshi Environmental Protection Co Ltd

Address before: Room CD, eighteen floor China Hongkong Kowloon Hong Kongg No. fifty-three swap center

Patentee before: TRX Dynasty International Sdn Bhd

ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: SHENGSHI SHAOPU (TIANJIN) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LANDSMART SOLUTIONS LTD.

Effective date: 20120910

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: HONG KONG, CHINA TO: 300000 BINHAI NEW ZONE, TIANJIN CITY

TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20120910

Address after: 300000 Tianjin eco city animation Road No. 482 building second room office 209-5 Powerise

Patentee after: Shengshi Shaopu (Tianjin) Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.

Address before: Chinese Kwun Tong Kowloon Hongkong hung to Road No. 53 building C-D room 18 swap center

Patentee before: Shengshi Environmental Protection Co Ltd

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Application publication date: 19971119

Assignee: Shengshi Shaopu (Tianjin) Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.

Assignor: Shengshi Environmental Protection Co Ltd

Contract record no.: 2012990000602

Denomination of invention: Treatment process for contaminated waste

Granted publication date: 20030730

License type: Exclusive License

Record date: 20120820

CX01 Expiry of patent term

Granted publication date: 20030730

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model