CN116539519A - Dynamic measuring device and system for internal consumption of structural sample - Google Patents
Dynamic measuring device and system for internal consumption of structural sample Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection and provides a dynamic measuring device and a dynamic measuring system for internal consumption of a structural sample, wherein the dynamic measuring device for internal consumption of the structural sample comprises a frame body, a driving mechanism, an environment box, a load sensor and a displacement sensor, the driving mechanism and the environment box are connected to the frame body, the environment box is internally provided with the structural sample, a driving end of the driving mechanism is connected with the load sensor, the load sensor is connected with the structural sample, the driving mechanism is used for applying alternating load to the structural sample, the load sensor is used for acquiring force information born by the structural sample, the displacement sensor is arranged on the frame body, and a detection end of the displacement sensor is arranged opposite to the driving end of the driving mechanism and is used for acquiring displacement information generated by the structural sample. The method can provide dynamic measurement of stress and strain for engineering materials, especially metal and ceramic structural materials, which is more in line with the actual engineering working condition environment, and is convenient for obtaining the internal consumption change of the engineering material structural member in the actual engineering working condition environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, in particular to a dynamic measuring device and a dynamic measuring system for internal consumption of a structural sample.
Background
The internal loss of a solid material is microscopically a physical process in which the microstructure evolution of the material occurs, such as point defect relaxation, dislocation movement, and phase transformation processes, which result in the generation of a time-dependent inelastic strain, also known as a hysteresis strain, which is manifested as a total strain (elastic strain plus hysteresis strain) that lags behind the stress in phase, thereby generating internal loss. In addition, while the phase of the strain is the same as the stress, the response of the strain is different during loading and unloading, i.e., the same stress corresponds to a multi-valued strain, which is a static hysteresis inner loss. The internal consumption mechanism research is to ascertain the nature of the physical processes occurring inside the material according to the law of the internal consumption changing with the external parameters, so that people can obtain the physical parameters of the microscopic processes from the internal consumption measurement.
Currently, a measuring instrument for material internal consumption is generally realized by a quasi-static method, a low-frequency method, a resonance method, or the like. The quasi-static method generally uses a quasi-static relaxation test to measure internal consumption, for example, measures creep effect under constant stress or measures stress relaxation effect under constant strain, the measurement resolution of the quasi-static method is limited by the stress strain measurement range and precision, when the precision is fixed, the larger the range is, the lower the resolution is, for example, the resolution is 0.01N when the range of a load sensor with the precision level of 0.1% is 10N and the resolution is 10N when the range is 10000N, so that the internal consumption measuring instrument using the static method is only suitable for measuring the internal consumption under the condition of small stress strain; in the same way, the instrument and equipment for realizing the internal consumption measurement by using the low-frequency method, the resonance method and the like are limited by the structure, the test precision and the like, and are only suitable for the internal consumption measurement under the condition of small stress strain.
In some practical cases, for example, metals, ceramics and the like, as engineering structural materials, the self-bearing load is larger, the bearing load range is wider, the bearing load is also generally an alternating load which changes in real time, the corresponding stress strain change amplitude is also larger, the internal consumption is lower than that of other materials, the corresponding phase difference angle is generally smaller than 1 degree, for the measurement of the internal consumption of the structural member, the conventional internal consumption measuring instrument is generally not suitable, and the internal consumption change of the structural member under the actual working condition cannot be simulated and measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: and how to realize dynamic measurement of the internal consumption of the structural member so as to obtain the internal consumption of the structural member in accordance with the actual working condition environment.
The invention provides a dynamic measuring device for internal consumption of a structure sample, which comprises a frame body, a driving mechanism, an environment box, a load sensor and a displacement sensor, wherein the driving mechanism and the environment box are connected to the frame body, the environment box is internally provided with the structure sample, the driving end of the driving mechanism is connected with the load sensor, the load sensor is connected with the structure sample, the driving mechanism is used for applying alternating load to the structure sample, the load sensor is used for acquiring force information born by the structure sample, the displacement sensor is arranged on the frame body, and the detection end of the displacement sensor is arranged opposite to the driving end of the driving mechanism and is used for acquiring displacement information generated by the structure sample.
Optionally, actuating mechanism includes hydraulic drive subassembly, pneumatic cylinder and connecting rod, hydraulic drive subassembly with the pneumatic cylinder drive is connected, the one end of connecting rod with the telescopic link of pneumatic cylinder is connected, the other end of connecting rod be used for with the structure sample is connected, just load sensor connect in the pneumatic cylinder the telescopic link with between the connecting rod.
Optionally, be provided with pole chamber and rodless chamber in the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic drive subassembly includes numerical control plunger pump and electromagnetic directional valve, the numerical control plunger pump with the input port intercommunication of electromagnetic directional valve, two delivery outlet of electromagnetic directional valve respectively with there is pole chamber and rodless chamber intercommunication.
Optionally, the hydraulic driving assembly further comprises a hydraulic control one-way valve, and the two hydraulic control one-way valves are respectively connected between the electromagnetic directional valve and the rod cavity and between the electromagnetic directional valve and the rodless cavity.
Optionally, the driving mechanism further comprises a servo motor, and the servo motor is in driving connection with the numerical control plunger pump.
Optionally, the frame body includes a frame and a base plate, the base plate is connected to the frame, the driving mechanism is connected to the frame and located above the base plate, and the environmental box is connected to the lower side of the base plate.
Optionally, the dynamic measuring device for internal consumption of the structural sample piece further comprises a bearing barrel, wherein the bearing barrel is connected to the lower part of the base plate and is located in the environment box, the bearing barrel is internally used for installing the structural sample piece, and the connecting rod is connected with the structural sample piece after penetrating through the base plate.
Optionally, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of the structural sample piece further comprises a temperature regulator, wherein the temperature regulator is arranged in the environment box and used for regulating the temperature in the environment box, and an air vent is arranged on the environment box and used for exchanging air media in the environment box.
Optionally, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of the structural sample piece further comprises a heat insulation layer and a temperature equalizing layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is connected between the environment box and the base plate, the temperature equalizing layer is positioned in the environment box and is connected with the heat insulation layer, the temperature equalizing layer and the heat insulation layer are connected to form a temperature equalizing cavity, and the force bearing cylinder is positioned in the temperature equalizing cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the dynamic measuring device for the internal consumption of the structural sample has the following technical effects:
the dynamic measuring device for the internal consumption of the structural sample can be applied to the dynamic measurement of the internal consumption of the structural sample, such as a structural sample of metal and ceramic engineering materials, provides a mounting structure for a driving mechanism, an environment box and a displacement sensor through the arrangement of a frame body, provides stable structural support, and can apply alternating load to the structural sample when in use through the connection of the driving end of the driving mechanism and the structural sample arranged in the environment box, at the moment, can provide a load spectrum with a larger load range for the structural sample through the adjustment of the load size and the frequency period applied by a driving mechanism, such as numerical control hydraulic, electric control, servo driving and the like, can be used as an excitation source signal to be loaded on the structural sample, and can acquire force information born by the structural sample in real time through a load sensor arranged on the driving end of the driving mechanism, and acquire displacement information generated by the structural sample in real time through the displacement sensor arranged on the frame body relative to the driving end, namely, can acquire stress and strain signals of the structural sample in real time, and further can acquire the internal consumption of the structural sample through a data processor and the like according to the signal information such as the force information and the displacement information. Through the structure, the real-time alternating load is applied to the structural sample piece through the driving mechanism, the periodic dynamic adjustment excitation source signal with a larger load range can be provided for the structural sample piece, and through the arrangement of the environment box, the environment where the structural sample piece is located in the actual engineering working condition, such as different temperatures and air mediums, can be simulated in the environment box, and further the stress strain dynamic measurement which is more in line with the actual engineering working condition environment can be provided for engineering materials, especially metal and ceramic structural materials, so that the internal consumption change of the engineering material structural member in the actual engineering working condition environment can be conveniently obtained, and the engineering materials can be further known and applied.
In addition, the invention also provides a dynamic measurement system for the internal consumption of the structural sample, which comprises the dynamic measurement device for the internal consumption of the structural sample, and further comprises a data acquisition device, a controller and a data processor which are sequentially connected in a communication way, wherein the data acquisition device is respectively connected with a load sensor, a displacement sensor and an environment box of the dynamic measurement device for the internal consumption of the structural sample and is used for acquiring force information, displacement information and environment information of the structural sample, the controller is used for receiving the force information, the displacement information and the environment information and transmitting the force information, the displacement information and the environment information to the data processor, and the controller is also used for controlling a driving mechanism of the dynamic measurement device for the internal consumption of the structural sample to act and regulate and control the environment in the environment box, and the data processor is used for obtaining the internal consumption of the structural sample through Fourier transform analysis according to the force information, the displacement information and the environment information.
Compared with the prior art, the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement system provided by the invention has the technical effects approximately same as those of the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement device by arranging the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement device, and the technical effects are not repeated. In addition, the data processor performs fast Fourier transform on the source signal and the reaction signal according to the force information born by the structural sample and the generated displacement information and the combination of the environmental information to obtain the phase difference of the two signals, so that the signal noise is effectively reduced, a high-sensitivity detection function is provided for the tiny phase change phenomenon, and a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement result can be obtained due to the acceleration of the data processing speed, so that the dynamic real-time high-precision measurement of the tiny phase difference angle of the metal structural sample in a large load range and on stress strain is realized, for example, the real-time dynamic detection of the internal consumption in the metal fatigue process of different load grades can be realized, and the measurement precision and efficiency of the internal consumption of a metal and ceramic engineering material structural member are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic measuring device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydraulic drive assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the dynamic measurement system for internal consumption of a structural sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10-frame body, 11-frame, 12-base plate, 20-actuating mechanism, 21-hydraulic drive assembly, 211-numerical control plunger pump, 212-electromagnetic directional valve, 213-hydraulic control check valve, 214-overflow valve, 22-pneumatic cylinder, 221-rod cavity, 222-rod cavity, 23-connecting rod, 231-zone bit piece, 30-environment box, 31-force bearing cylinder, 32-insulating layer, 33-samming layer, 40-load sensor, 50-displacement sensor, 60-structure sample piece, 70-data acquisition unit, 80-controller, 90-data processor.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
In the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner" and "outer", etc. are used for convenience of description of the present invention based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the apparatus to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and manipulated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be a mechanical connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "embodiment," "one embodiment," and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or embodiment is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same examples or implementations. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample, which is characterized by comprising a frame 10, a driving mechanism 20, an environmental box 30, a load sensor 40 and a displacement sensor 50, wherein the driving mechanism 20 and the environmental box 30 are both connected to the frame 10, the environmental box 30 is internally provided with a structural sample 60, the driving end of the driving mechanism 20 is connected with the load sensor 40, the load sensor 40 is connected with the structural sample 60, the driving end of the driving mechanism 20 is used for applying an alternating load to the structural sample 60, the load sensor 40 is used for obtaining force information borne by the structural sample 60, the displacement sensor 50 is arranged on the frame 10, and the detection end of the displacement sensor 50 is arranged opposite to the driving end of the driving mechanism 20 and is used for obtaining displacement information generated by the structural sample 60.
It should be noted that, for the effect of measuring the internal consumption of a material, the conventional microstructure characterization method (such as X-ray diffraction, positron annihilation technology, electron microscopy technology and the like) obtains static information of the microstructure of the material, and the information of the microstructure change process, particularly the kinetic parameters of the defect relaxation process, is an effective method for internal consumption spectrum. The sample is stimulated by an alternating signal with a certain frequency, and the response signal is measured. When the external frequency is similar to the intrinsic frequency of the structural relaxation in the sample, the maximum value of the reaction signal appears, and a spectral line is obtained. The eigenfrequency of slow transition processes for solid defects such as point defects, dislocations and grain boundaries, phase interfaces, etc. is typically at 10Hz and below. The measurement frequency range of the internal consumption spectrum is 10Hz to mu Hz, the intrinsic frequency range of the defect slow transition process is covered, the added stimulation signal is alternating stress, the reaction signal is strain, and the method is particularly suitable for detecting and monitoring most engineering structural materials, and is one of effective means for researching the defect relaxation process and microstructure evolution of solid materials.
Specifically, the driving mechanism 20 in this embodiment may be a combination of a hydraulic driving mechanism and a numerical control, so as to realize high-precision periodic variation of a larger load and regulate and control the load in real time, or may be an electric cylinder in combination with electric control to apply the load to the structural sample 60, which is not limited herein. Meanwhile, temperature regulators such as a cold source and a heat source can be arranged in the environment box 30 to regulate and control the temperature in the environment box 30 in real time, and mediums such as air, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and the like can be arranged in the environment box 30, and certain air pressure is set to simulate the environment where the actual engineering working condition of the engineering material structural member is located, and then the internal consumption of the structural member 60 is measured, so that the internal consumption change of the structural member under the actual working condition is more met.
In this embodiment, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample member can be used for dynamically measuring the internal consumption of the structural sample member 60, such as a structural sample member 60 of metal or ceramic engineering materials, by providing a mounting structure for the driving mechanism 20, the environmental chamber 30 and the displacement sensor 50 through the frame body 10, providing stable structural support, when in use, the driving end of the driving mechanism 20 is connected with the structural sample member 60 mounted in the environmental chamber 30, and alternating load can be applied to the structural sample member 60, at this time, the load size and frequency period applied by the driving mechanism 20 can be adjusted through, for example, digital control, electric control, servo drive, etc., a load spectrum dynamically adjusted in a period of a larger load range can be provided for the structural sample member 60, and is applied to the structural sample member 60 as an excitation source signal, and the force information borne by the structural sample member 60 is acquired in real time through the load sensor 40 arranged on the driving end of the driving mechanism 20, and the displacement information generated by the structural sample member 60 is acquired in real time through the displacement sensor 50 arranged on the frame body 10 and arranged opposite to the driving end of the driving mechanism 20, and the structural sample member 60 can be acquired, for example, and the real-time stress information and the internal stress information can be analyzed according to the stress information, such as the stress information, etc. of the structural sample member 60 can be processed. Through the above structure arrangement, the driving mechanism 20 applies real-time alternating load to the structural sample 60, so that a periodic dynamic adjustment excitation source signal with a larger load range can be provided for the structural sample 60, and through the arrangement of the environment box 30, the environment of the structural sample 60 in the actual engineering working condition, such as temperature, different air media and the like, can be simulated in the environment box 30, and further, stress strain dynamic measurement which is more in line with the actual engineering working condition environment can be provided for engineering materials, especially metal and ceramic structural materials, so that the internal consumption change of the engineering material structural member in the actual engineering working condition environment can be conveniently obtained, and the engineering materials can be further understood and applied.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the frame 10 includes a frame 11 and a base plate 12, the base plate 12 is connected to the frame 11, the driving mechanism 20 is connected to the frame 11 and located above the base plate 12, and the environmental chamber 30 is connected below the base plate 12.
Specifically, the frame 11 is formed by connecting a plurality of upright posts, and as an overall load-bearing structure, the base plate 12 is a flat plate structure, and is used as a mounting base and a base plate for measuring the internal consumption of the structural sample 60, meanwhile, a mounting plate is further arranged on the frame 11 for mounting the driving mechanism 20, and the driving mechanism 20 and the environmental box 30 are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the base plate 12. The structure is more stable and reasonable.
In the present embodiment, by providing the frame body 10 in the form of the frame 11 and the base plate 12, stable and firm structural support can be provided for the driving mechanism 20 and the environmental chamber 30, and a mounting reference can be provided for the structural sample 60, so that measurement accuracy and stability can be improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the driving mechanism 20 includes a hydraulic driving assembly 21, a hydraulic cylinder 22, and a connecting rod 23, where the hydraulic driving assembly 21 is in driving connection with the hydraulic cylinder 22, one end of the connecting rod 23 is connected with a telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the other end of the connecting rod 23 is used for being connected with the structural sample 60, and the load sensor 40 is connected between the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22 and the connecting rod 23.
Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder 22 and the hydraulic driving assembly 21 are both installed on the frame 11, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is vertically disposed, the hydraulic cylinder 22 includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod slides in the cylinder body through, for example, hydraulic oil pressure, that is, the hydraulic driving assembly 21 can drive the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22 to do telescopic motion along the vertical direction, and likewise, the connecting rod 23 is vertically connected to the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 22 and is connected and fixed with the structural sample 60 located in the environmental box 30 after passing through the base plate 12. And the displacement sensor 50 is mounted on the base plate 12, the connecting rod 23 is provided with a flag bit 231 extending transversely, the flag bit 231 can be a plate or a rod, and the like, and is correspondingly arranged with the displacement sensor 50, and the detection end of the displacement sensor 50 is arranged opposite to the flag bit 231 and is used for detecting displacement information generated by the flag bit 231, that is to say, detecting displacement information generated by the structural sample 60, so that the measurement result is more accurate and reliable.
In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 20 is set to a structural form that the hydraulic driving assembly 21 drives the hydraulic cylinder 22 to perform telescopic motion, so that the force of applying load to the structural sample 60 can be improved, that is, a large range of alternating load can be provided for the structural sample 60, meanwhile, the hydraulic driving assembly 21 can be controlled to drive the hydraulic cylinder 22 to perform pulling and pressing motion with a certain periodic frequency, and actions such as pulling force or pressure can be always applied to the structural sample 60, so that the stress condition of the structural sample 60 applied to actual engineering working conditions can be better simulated, and the structural sample 60 can be connected by the connecting rod 23.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, a rod cavity 221 and a rodless cavity 222 are disposed in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the hydraulic driving assembly 21 includes a digitally controlled plunger pump 211 and an electromagnetic directional valve 212, the digitally controlled plunger pump 211 is communicated with an input port of the electromagnetic directional valve 212, and two output ports of the electromagnetic directional valve 212 are respectively communicated with the rod cavity 221 and the rodless cavity 222.
Specifically, the part with the telescopic rod in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is a rod cavity 221, the part without the telescopic rod is a rodless cavity 222, the telescopic rod can be retracted by applying pressure oil into the rod cavity 221, the telescopic rod can be extended by applying pressure oil into the rodless cavity 222, meanwhile, the numerical control plunger pump 211 and the electromagnetic directional valve 212 are all connected to an oil tank, and the pressure oil is provided in the oil tank to provide a hydraulic power source for the hydraulic driving assembly 21.
In this embodiment, by setting the hydraulic driving assembly 21 as the structure of the nc plunger pump 211 and the electromagnetic directional valve 212, the nc plunger pump 211 can apply a controllable and adjustable load to the structural sample 60 in real time through the nc control or the combination of the servo drive control and the like by using the controllable hydraulic power of the hydraulic driving assembly 21, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic directional valve 212 can apply pressure oil to the rod cavity 221 and the rodless cavity 222 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 through the electromagnetic control, so as to accurately regulate the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 22 in real time, that is, the direction and the manner of applying the load to the structural sample 60, for example, the manner of applying the load always being the tensile force, the manner of applying the load always being the pressure alternately and always being the pressure, and the like with a certain period frequency, so that the internal consumption measurement of the structural sample 60 can realize the dynamic and adjustable measurement.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic driving assembly 21 further includes a pilot operated check valve 213, and two pilot operated check valves 213 are respectively connected between the electromagnetic directional valve 212 and the rod chamber 221 and between the electromagnetic directional valve 212 and the rodless chamber 222.
Specifically, the hydraulic driving assembly 21 further includes an overflow valve 214 connected between the nc plunger pump 211 and the electromagnetic directional valve 212, and connected to the oil tank, for protecting the overall hydraulic system, and performing overflow protection when the pressure is too high.
In this embodiment, by providing the hydraulic check valves 213 and connecting the two hydraulic check valves 213 between the electromagnetic directional valve 212 and the rod cavity 221 and between the electromagnetic directional valve 212 and the rodless cavity 222, that is, connecting the two hydraulic check valves 213 with the rod cavity 221 and the rodless cavity 222 of the hydraulic cylinder 22, on one hand, the hydraulic check valves 213 can be used in cooperation with the electromagnetic directional valve 212, that is, the hydraulic check valves 213 can be reversely conducted by controlling the control oil path of the electromagnetic directional valve 212, for example, when the hydraulic oil is applied to the rodless cavity 222 of the hydraulic cylinder 22 by controlling the electromagnetic directional valve 212, the hydraulic check valves 213 connected with the rod cavity 221 can be controlled to reversely conduct, so that the hydraulic rod 22 can extend smoothly and apply a stable load to the hydraulic cylinder 60 by controlling the control oil path of the electromagnetic directional valve 212.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the driving mechanism 20 further includes a servo motor, and the servo motor is in driving connection with the nc plunger pump 211.
Specifically, a servo motor may be disposed on the frame 11 and may be connected to, for example, the controller 80, so as to perform adjustable and controllable power control on the nc plunger pump 211.
In this embodiment, by setting a servo motor and being in driving connection with the numerical control plunger pump 211, that is, the hydraulic power, can be controlled and regulated in an adjustable and controllable manner, so that the load applied to the structural sample 60 can be controlled and controlled in an adjustable manner, and the force information of the structural sample 60 can be controlled and regulated accurately, so as to meet different measurement parameters and environments.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample further includes a bearing cylinder 31, where the bearing cylinder 31 is connected below the base plate 12 and is located in the environmental chamber 30, the bearing cylinder 31 is used for installing the structural sample 60, and the connecting rod 23 is used for connecting with the structural sample 60 after passing through the base plate 12.
Specifically, the environmental chamber 30 may have a chamber structure or a cylindrical structure, and the force-bearing cylinder 31 may be a chamber structure or a cylindrical structure, so long as the structural sample 60 is stably mounted, preferably, the force-bearing cylinder 31 has a cylindrical structure and is provided with an opening for placing and taking out the structural sample 60 and for communicating with the environment in the environmental chamber 30, and the environmental chamber 30 is sealed and arranged to facilitate stabilization of the environmental parameters inside.
In this embodiment, through setting up the bearing section of thick bamboo 31, can provide stable firm structure installation basis to structural sample 60 to connect in the below of base plate 12, and connecting rod 23 pass behind the base plate 12 with be located the structural sample 60 in the bearing section of thick bamboo 31 and be connected, be convenient for provide accurate structural sample 60 measurement benchmark, guaranteed measurement accuracy, and set up in environment case 30, accessible environment case 30 sets up different environmental information, provides different measurement parameter conditions, the range of application is wider.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample further includes a temperature regulator, where the temperature regulator is disposed in the environmental chamber 30 and is used for regulating the temperature in the environmental chamber 30, and an air vent is disposed on the environmental chamber 30 and is used for exchanging air medium in the environmental chamber 30.
Specifically, the temperature regulator may be a cold source and a heat source disposed in the environmental chamber 30, and configured to cool or heat the environmental chamber 30, and provide adjustable temperature parameters, and the air vent may be connected to an external air pump or other devices, to convey an air medium or adjust air pressure of the analog measurement environment in the environmental chamber 30, or to perform operations such as vacuumizing the environmental chamber 30 through the air vent, which is not limited herein. The vent hole is sealed when not in use.
In this embodiment, by setting a temperature regulator in the environmental chamber 30, the temperature in the environmental chamber 30 can be regulated and controlled in real time, and by setting a vent hole in the environmental chamber 30, the vent hole can be connected with a device such as an air pump, etc., to convey an air medium or adjust the air pressure of the simulated measurement environment in the environmental chamber 30, and also can perform operations such as vacuumizing the environmental chamber 30 through the vent hole, etc., so as to satisfy different test measurement environments.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample piece further includes a thermal insulation layer 32 and a temperature equalizing layer 33, the thermal insulation layer 32 is connected between the environmental chamber 30 and the base plate 12, the temperature equalizing layer 33 is located in the environmental chamber 30 and is connected with the thermal insulation layer 32, the temperature equalizing layer 33 and the thermal insulation layer 32 are connected to form a temperature equalizing cavity, and the force bearing barrel 31 is located in the temperature equalizing cavity.
Specifically, the temperature equalizing cavity formed by the temperature equalizing layer 33 may be a cylindrical structure or a box structure, and meanwhile, the connecting rod 23 passes through the heat insulating layer 32 to be connected with the structure sample piece 60 in the bearing barrel 31, and the environment box 30 may also be made of a heat insulating material, so that the environment box 30, that is, the environment in which the structure sample piece 60 is located, especially the temperature parameter, is further ensured, and the stability and controllability are higher.
In this embodiment, by providing the heat insulating layer 32 and the temperature equalizing layer 33, both of them further enhance the stability of the environment in the environment box 30, that is, the environment in which the structural sample 60 is located, especially the temperature parameter, and have higher stability and controllability.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic measurement system for internal consumption of a structural sample, which includes the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample as described above, and further includes a data collector 70, a controller 80 and a data processor 90 that are sequentially connected in a communication manner, where the data collector 70 is respectively connected to the load sensor 40, the displacement sensor 50 and the environmental box 30 of the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample, and is configured to collect force information, displacement information and environmental information of the structural sample 60, and the controller 80 is configured to receive the force information, the displacement information and the environmental information and transmit the force information, the displacement information and the environmental information to the data processor 90, and the controller 80 is further configured to control the driving mechanism 20 of the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample to act and regulate the environment in the environmental box 30, and the data processor 90 is configured to obtain the internal consumption of the structural sample 60 through fourier transform analysis.
Specifically, the controller 80 may integrate a load control program, regulate and control the power parameters and the execution actions of the driving mechanism 20, such as the numerical control plunger pump 211 and the electromagnetic directional valve 212, and integrate a temperature control medium flow control program, regulate and control the temperature parameters and the air medium parameters in the environmental chamber 30 through the temperature regulation control program and the mechanical flow control switch, so that the regulation and control are more accurate and controllable, and more accurate measurement results are convenient to obtain.
In this embodiment, the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement system provided in this embodiment has the technical effects substantially the same as those of the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement device by providing the structure sample internal consumption dynamic measurement device, and will not be described herein. In addition, the data processor 90 performs fast fourier transform on the source signal and the reaction signal according to the force information and the generated displacement information borne by the structural sample 60 and the environmental information, so as to obtain the phase difference of the two signals, thereby effectively reducing signal noise, providing a high-sensitivity detection function for the tiny phase change phenomenon, and further improving the measurement precision and efficiency of the internal consumption of the structural member such as a metal and ceramic engineering material because of the acceleration of the data processing speed, obtaining dynamic viscoelastic measurement results, realizing dynamic real-time high-precision measurement of the tiny phase difference angle of the metal structural sample 60 in a large load range and on stress strain, for example, realizing real-time dynamic detection of the internal consumption of the metal structural sample 60 in the metal fatigue process of different load grades.
Although the invention is disclosed above, the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dynamic measurement device of structure sample member internal consumption, its characterized in that includes support body (10), actuating mechanism (20), environmental box (30), load sensor (40) and displacement sensor (50), actuating mechanism (20) with environmental box (30) all connect in support body (10), be used for setting up structure sample member (60) in environmental box (30), actuating mechanism's (20) drive end with load sensor (40) are connected, load sensor (40) with structure sample member (60) are connected, actuating mechanism (20) are used for to the alternating load is applyed to structure sample member (60), load sensor (40) are used for acquireing the force information that structure sample member (60) bear, displacement sensor (50) set up in support body (10), just the detection end of displacement sensor (50) is relative the drive end setting of actuating mechanism (20) is used for acquireing the displacement information that structure sample member (60) produced.
2. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism (20) comprises a hydraulic driving assembly (21), a hydraulic cylinder (22) and a connecting rod (23), the hydraulic driving assembly (21) is in driving connection with the hydraulic cylinder (22), one end of the connecting rod (23) is connected with a telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (22), the other end of the connecting rod (23) is used for being connected with the structural sample (60), and the load sensor (40) is connected between the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (22) and the connecting rod (23).
3. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of structural sample according to claim 2, wherein a rod cavity (221) and a rodless cavity (222) are arranged in a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (22), the hydraulic driving assembly (21) comprises a numerical control plunger pump (211) and an electromagnetic directional valve (212), the numerical control plunger pump (211) is communicated with an input port of the electromagnetic directional valve (212), and two output ports of the electromagnetic directional valve (212) are respectively communicated with the rod cavity (221) and the rodless cavity (222).
4. A dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 3, wherein the hydraulic driving assembly (21) further comprises a hydraulic control one-way valve (213), and two hydraulic control one-way valves (213) are respectively connected between the electromagnetic directional valve (212) and the rod-like cavity (221) and between the electromagnetic directional valve (212) and the rod-free cavity (222).
5. A dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 3, wherein the driving mechanism (20) further comprises a servo motor, which is in driving connection with the digitally controlled plunger pump (211).
6. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of structural samples according to claim 2, wherein the frame body (10) comprises a frame (11) and a base plate (12), the base plate (12) is connected to the frame (11), the driving mechanism (20) is connected to the frame (11) and is located above the base plate (12), and the environmental chamber (30) is connected below the base plate (12).
7. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 6, further comprising a force-bearing cylinder (31), wherein the force-bearing cylinder (31) is connected below the base plate (12) and is located in the environmental chamber (30), the force-bearing cylinder (31) is used for installing the structural sample (60), and the connecting rod (23) is used for connecting with the structural sample (60) after penetrating through the base plate (12).
8. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 7, further comprising a temperature regulator disposed in the environmental chamber (30) for regulating the temperature in the environmental chamber (30), and a vent hole provided in the environmental chamber (30) for exchanging air medium in the environmental chamber (30).
9. The dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to claim 8, further comprising a heat insulation layer (32) and a temperature equalizing layer (33), wherein the heat insulation layer (32) is connected between the environment box (30) and the base plate (12), the temperature equalizing layer (33) is located in the environment box (30) and is connected with the heat insulation layer (32), the temperature equalizing layer (33) and the heat insulation layer (32) are connected to form a temperature equalizing cavity, and the force bearing cylinder (31) is located in the temperature equalizing cavity.
10. A dynamic measurement system for internal consumption of a structural sample, comprising a dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprising a data collector (70), a controller (80) and a data processor (90) which are sequentially in communication connection, wherein the data collector (70) is respectively connected with a load sensor (40), a displacement sensor (50) and an environmental box (30) of the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample, and is used for collecting force information, displacement information and environmental information of the structural sample (60), the controller (80) is used for receiving the force information, the displacement information and the environmental information and transmitting the force information, the displacement information and the environmental information to the data processor (90), the controller (80) is further used for controlling a driving mechanism (20) of the dynamic measurement device for internal consumption of a structural sample to act and regulating and controlling the environment in the environmental box (30), and the data processor (90) is used for obtaining the internal consumption of the structural sample (60) through fourier transform analysis.
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