CN116538719B - Thermal switch and ultra-low temperature system - Google Patents
Thermal switch and ultra-low temperature system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116538719B CN116538719B CN202310826660.4A CN202310826660A CN116538719B CN 116538719 B CN116538719 B CN 116538719B CN 202310826660 A CN202310826660 A CN 202310826660A CN 116538719 B CN116538719 B CN 116538719B
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a thermal switch, and belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature. Comprising the following steps: the first cold guide piece comprises a first cold guide surface; the second cold guide piece comprises a second cold guide surface, and the second cold guide piece can move relative to the first cold guide piece so as to enable the second cold guide surface to be in thermal contact with or be out of thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one of the first cold guide and the second cold guide is in thermal contact with the target body, and the other is in thermal contact with the cold source; the target body is an object which needs to obtain cold or heat, and the cold source is a device for providing cold; the force transmission piece is used for transmitting the received force to the second cold guide piece and driving the second cold guide piece to move relative to the first cold guide piece, so that the second cold guide surface is closely attached to or separated from the first cold guide surface, and further, the thermal contact between the second cold guide surface and the first cold guide surface is established or disconnected. The thermal switch and the ultralow temperature system can improve the heat transfer (cold) efficiency of the thermal switch.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, in particular to a thermal switch and an ultralow temperature system.
Background
In the device and equipment of the ultralow temperature system (-196 ℃ to-270 ℃), typical equipment types are as follows: the GM refrigerator (also called G-M refrigerator, invented by Gifford (Gifford) and Mcmahon (Mcmahon) and named by the initials of the two inventors) is used to transfer cold energy to a target body (an object to be cooled, simply referred to as cold mass) through a hot good conductor (copper) or the like, thereby cooling the target body to a very low temperature level (target temperature, such as-270 ℃) and further performing a related low temperature test on the target body.
However, some devices require not only cooling of the target to ultra low temperatures, but also high temperatures (e.g., heating of the target to 150 ℃ at some point, or even higher). If the target body is heated to a high temperature state, the high heat energy of the high temperature target body is reversely transmitted to the GM refrigerator body through the heat conductor, so that the GM refrigerator is damaged due to overhigh temperature. Since the cryogenic device is typically in a vacuum insulated environment, the thermal conductor cannot be manually disconnected by opening the vacuum system prior to heating.
Therefore, for ultra-low temperature systems, there is a need for a thermal switch that can be operated from outside the vacuum insulated environment to achieve reliable thermal contact and disconnection of the good conductor of heat from the refrigerator. At present, a thermal switch in similar equipment mostly uses gas as a power source for driving the switch, and has the problems of insufficient pressing force and poor heat transfer (cold) efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, embodiments of the present application provide a thermal switch and an ultra-low temperature system to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal switch, including:
the first cold guide piece comprises a first cold guide surface;
a second cold guide comprising a second cold guide surface, the second cold guide being movable relative to the first cold guide to bring the second cold guide surface into or out of thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one of the first cold guide piece and the second cold guide piece is in thermal contact with a target body, and the other is in thermal contact with a cold source; the target body is an object which needs to obtain cold or heat, and the cold source is a device for providing cold;
the force transmission piece is used for transmitting the received force to the second cold guide piece and driving the second cold guide piece to move relative to the first cold guide piece, so that the second cold guide surface is closely attached to or separated from the first cold guide surface, and then the thermal contact between the second cold guide surface and the first cold guide surface is established or disconnected.
Optionally, the thermal switch further comprises:
a support frame including a first end proximate to the first cold guide and a second end distal to the first cold guide; the first cold guide piece is fixed at the first end, and the second cold guide piece is movably arranged at the second end and can move along a first direction; one end of the force transmission piece can penetrate through the second end of the supporting frame to be connected with the second cold guide piece so as to transmit the received force to the second cold guide piece; the first direction is a direction from the second end to the first end.
Optionally, the force transmission piece at least comprises a first force transmission part and a second force transmission part which are matched with each other, and at least one of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part is arranged at the second end of the supporting frame; one of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part can receive torque, and one of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part forms movement in a first direction under the cooperation of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part, so that the second cold guide part is driven to move along the first direction, and the second cold guide surface is in thermal contact with or is disconnected from the first cold guide surface.
Optionally, the force transfer member comprises:
the nut is arranged at the second end of the supporting frame;
and the screw rod is matched with the nut and can perform spiral motion under the condition that one end is subjected to torque so as to drive the second cold guide piece to move along the first direction.
Optionally, the screw rod moves close to the first end so as to abut against the second cold guide to establish connection; the screw rod moves away from the first end so as to be separated from the connection of the second cold guide piece;
the thermal switch further comprises:
the reset elastic piece drives the second cold guide piece to be separated from contact with the first cold guide piece after the screw rod is separated from the connection with the second cold guide piece, so that the second cold guide surface is separated from thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one end of the reset elastic piece is connected with the second end of the supporting frame, and the other end of the reset elastic piece is connected with the second cold guide piece; the return elastic member is stretched and stored in the state that the second cold guide member moves in the first direction to approach the first cold guide member.
Optionally, the thermal switch further comprises a guiding mechanism, the guiding mechanism comprising:
at least two first guide members, one end of which is fixed at the second end of the supporting frame and the other end of which extends along the first direction; at least two first guide pieces are distributed around the second cold guide piece and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second cold guide piece;
a second guide member movable in a first direction based on the first guide member, the first guide member and the second guide member being structured to: restricting movement of the second guide in a direction other than the first direction; the second guide member is linked with the second cold guide member so that the second cold guide member moves along the first direction.
Optionally, the thermal switch further comprises:
the linkage plate is fixed with the second guide piece and keeps linkage with the second cold guide piece through at least two connecting rods; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the linkage plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the second cold guide piece; the screw rod is connected with the second cold guide piece through abutting the linkage plate.
Optionally, the connecting rod is floatably connected with at least one of the linkage plate and the second cold guide.
Optionally, a circumferential groove is formed at one end, connected with the second cold guide piece, of the connecting rod, and a limiting block clamped into the circumferential groove is mounted on the second cold guide piece; the limiting block and the circumferential groove are provided with a preset gap in the axial direction of the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod and the second cold guide piece are in floatable connection.
Optionally, the screw rod butt linkage board one end is provided with the universal ball, the linkage board seted up with the spherical recess of universal ball complex.
Optionally, the thermal switch further comprises a vacuum cavity capable of forming a vacuum environment, the first cold guide piece, the second cold guide piece and the supporting frame are all located in the vacuum cavity, and a part of the force transmission piece is located in the vacuum cavity; and a movable sealing part is arranged at the joint of the force transfer part and the outer wall of the vacuum cavity.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an ultra-low temperature system comprising any of the thermal switches described above.
The thermal switch and the ultra-low temperature system comprise: the first cold guide piece comprises a first cold guide surface; a second cold guide comprising a second cold guide surface, the second cold guide being movable relative to the first cold guide to bring the second cold guide surface into or out of thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one of the first cold guide piece and the second cold guide piece is in thermal contact with a target body, and the other is in thermal contact with a cold source; the target body is an object which needs to obtain cold or heat, and the cold source is a device for providing cold; the force transmission piece is used for transmitting the received force to the second cold guide piece and driving the second cold guide piece to move relative to the first cold guide piece, so that the second cold guide surface is closely attached to or separated from the first cold guide surface, and then the thermal contact between the second cold guide surface and the first cold guide surface is established or disconnected. And the heat transfer (cooling) efficiency is improved by closely attaching the second cold guide surface and the first cold guide surface through the force transfer piece. Therefore, the thermal switch and the ultralow temperature system can improve the heat transfer (cold) efficiency of the thermal switch.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a thermal switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a projection of a thermal switch in one direction according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating another direction of a thermal switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a floatable connection between a connecting rod and a second cold guide in a thermal switch according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram II of a floatable connection between a connecting rod and a second cold guide in the thermal switch according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view at a in fig. 5.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. a first cold guide; 11. a first cold guide surface; 20. a second cold guide; 21. a second cold guide surface; 22. a flexible cold guide belt; 30. a force transmitting member; 31. a nut; 32. a screw; 321. a universal ball; 40. a support frame; 50. a motor; 60. a return elastic member; 71. a guide post; 72. a guide sleeve; 73. a linkage plate; 74. a connecting rod; 741. a circumferential groove; 742. a limiting block; 80. a magnetic fluid bearing; 90. a cavity wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description is given by way of example. Wherein the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and wherein local features may be exaggerated or reduced to more clearly show details of the local features; unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the description of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "height", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of simplifying the description of the present application, and do not indicate that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, i.e., are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as relative importance of the features indicated or the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "first", "second" may explicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc.; "plurality" means at least one, such as one, two, three, etc.; unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise specifically limited. For example, "connected" may be either fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be communicated between two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless explicitly defined otherwise, a first feature "on", "above", "over" and "above", "below" or "under" a second feature may be that the first feature and the second feature are in direct contact, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact via an intermediary. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the level of the first feature is higher than the level of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the level of the first feature is less than the level of the second feature.
In order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, detailed steps and detailed structures will be presented in the following description in order to explain the technical solution of the present application. Preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, however, the present application may have other embodiments in addition to these detailed descriptions.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a thermal switch is provided according to an embodiment of the present application. The thermal switch comprises a first cold guide 10, a second cold guide 20 and a force transfer member 30, wherein:
the first cold guide 10 comprises a first cold guide surface 11;
the second cold guide 20 comprises a second cold guide surface 21, the second cold guide 20 being movable relative to the first cold guide 10 to bring the second cold guide surface 21 into or out of thermal contact with the first cold guide surface 11; one of the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 is in thermal contact with a target body, and the other is in thermal contact with a cold source; the target body is an object which needs to obtain cold or heat, and the cold source is a device for providing cold;
the force transmission member 30 is configured to transmit a force to the second cold guide member 20, and drive the second cold guide member 20 to move relative to the first cold guide member 10, so that the second cold guide surface 21 is closely attached to or separated from the first cold guide surface 11, and thermal contact or thermal contact disconnection between the two is further established.
A thermal switch is understood to be a switch that establishes or breaks thermal contact between a target and a heat sink.
It will be appreciated that the thermal switch needs to have some heat transfer (cold) efficiency in addition to establishing thermal contact. Therefore, the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 need to be provided with a first cold guide surface 11 and a second cold guide surface 21, respectively. I.e. by conduction, has a higher heat (cold) transfer efficiency than radiation, convection, etc. The thermal switch is further provided with a force transfer member 30, and the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 can be tightly attached to each other by the force transfer member 30, so that the heat transfer (cold) efficiency of the two surfaces is improved. Because, for conduction, increasing the microscopic contact area of both conducting parties can reduce the contact thermal resistance, thereby increasing the heat transfer (cold) efficiency, while for conduction both parties are smooth contacts, providing a greater compressive force can increase the microscopic contact area. The term "smooth surface" as used herein means a surface which is visually perceived as having no noticeable roughness.
It will be appreciated that the force-transmitting member 30 may transmit power generated by a machine, such as a motor. The force of the human hand in the manual operation can also be transmitted. By means of the structural design of the force-transmitting element 30, even the force of a human hand can be transmitted with sufficient force. And, the force-transmitting member 30 is designed to: after the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 are tightly attached, the position can be locked for a long time, and stable thermal contact can be maintained.
In this embodiment, the target may be an ultra-low temperature system, and it can be understood that other devices may also be used. The cold source may be a GM refrigerator, but it is understood that other devices for achieving a refrigeration effect are also possible.
Specifically, the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 may be rectangular cold guide blocks, and the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 are one surface of the maximum areas of both surfaces, respectively, to improve heat (cold) transfer efficiency.
Specifically, the materials of the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 may be oxygen-free copper. Oxygen-free copper is a good conductor of heat with good rigidity.
According to the thermal switch provided by the embodiment of the application, the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 are in thermal contact, and the second cold guide surface 21 is closely attached to the first cold guide surface 11 through the force transmission piece 30, so that the heat transfer (cold) efficiency is improved.
The thermal switch of the present application is not limited to any application, and is used as a thermal switch only in an operation requiring thermal contact or thermal contact disconnection during heat transfer. Therefore, the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 are respectively connected to two objects having different temperatures, so that the function of the thermal switch can be achieved. In addition, the heat switch of the application fully considers the heat transfer efficiency and designs a large enough cold guide surface and a large enough pressing force. And also set up: after the thermal switch is turned off, the heat of the objects at the two ends of the switch, which transfer heat (leak heat) through the first cold guide member 10, the second cold guide member 20 and other components, is reduced as much as possible, and the effect of the thermal contact of the thermal switch is improved.
In some embodiments, the thermal switch may further comprise:
a support frame 40 including a first end proximate to the first cold guide 10 and a second end distal to the first cold guide 10; the first cold guide 10 is fixed at the first end, and the second cold guide 20 is movably mounted at the second end and can move along a first direction; one end of the force transmission member 30 can pass through the second end of the support frame 40 to be connected with the second cold guide 20 so as to transmit the received force to the second cold guide 20; the first direction is a direction from the second end to the first end.
It will be appreciated that by means of the support frame 40, the positions of the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 can be made relatively more stable, and thus the thermal contact more stable.
It will be appreciated that the second cold guide 20 may be movably mounted at the second end, and may be slidably mounted by a rail, a slider, etc., or may be rotatably mounted by a conductive thread, etc.
In the drawings, the first direction is the up-down direction, so that in the following description of the specific embodiments, the positional relationship and the movement relationship of the parts may also be introduced by using terms such as up or down.
Specifically, the support frame 40 may include a lower bottom surface, an upper bottom surface, and support columns between the lower bottom surface and the upper bottom surface and around the support frame 40. More specifically, the support frame 40 may be a cylindrical body with an opening facing upward.
More specifically, the material of the supporting frame 40 may be 304 stainless steel, and the 304 stainless steel corresponds to the specification of 06Cr19Ni10 in the national standard of china. The 304 stainless steel has higher strength, and can make the positions of the first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20 more stable. The 304 stainless steel also has a characteristic of low thermal conductivity, and can reduce cold (heat) conducted through the passage formed by the non-first cold guide 10 and the second cold guide 20. In addition, in the whole thermal switch except the supporting frame, other rigid parts (such as a screw rod, a linkage plate) and the like can be stainless steel except the cold guide part and the flexible cold guide belt. The reason is also that the heat dissipation is reduced and the heat loss is avoided on the premise of having enough strength.
In some embodiments, the force transfer member 30 may include at least first and second force transfer parts that mate with each other, at least one of the first and second force transfer parts being mounted to the second end of the support frame 40; one of the first and second force transfer parts is capable of receiving torque and, in cooperation with the other, causing one of the first and second force transfer parts to move in a first direction, driving the second cold guide 20 in the first direction, thereby bringing the second cold guide 21 into or out of thermal contact with the first cold guide 11.
Since power equipment such as a motor transmits torque, the force transmission member 30 is designed as two parts. One of the two parts is allowed to receive the torque, and the torque is converted into a movement in a linear direction by a conversion mechanism. The conversion mechanism may include a rack and pinion, a screw, etc., such as where the first force transfer feature is a gear and the second force transfer feature is a rack, or where the first force transfer feature is a screw, the second force transfer feature causes a screw, etc., without limitation. The force of the final output end can be increased by converting the rotation into linear movement, the heat transfer (cooling) efficiency is improved, and the cost is low. It will be appreciated that in case the force of the power plant is sufficiently large, a linear transmission may be directly used, for example, the output shaft of the linear motor is directly transmitted to the second cold guide 20, etc.
In some embodiments, the force transfer member 30 may include:
a nut 31 mounted on the second end of the support frame 40;
the screw 32 is engaged with the nut 31 and is capable of moving in a spiral manner under a torque applied to one end thereof to drive the second cold guide 20 to move in the first direction.
The cooperation of the nut 31 and the screw 32 is used for referencing the principle of the screw rod. In the application practice of the screw rod, the screw rod is axially fixed, circumferentially rotates and axially moves. In the present embodiment, the nut 31 is fixed, and the screw 32 is rotated in the circumferential direction and also moved in the axial direction. Here, the axial direction of the screw 32 is set to the first direction. Thus, the screw 32 can receive torque at one end and pass through the support frame 40, and by axially moving the second cold guide 20, an axial force, i.e., a force in a first direction, is transmitted, driving the second cold guide 20 in the first direction. Also, according to the mechanics principle, the axial force transmitted by the spiral motion is very large, and even if the screw is rotated by a human hand, a large axial force can be generated. The degree of close contact between the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 can be further improved, and the heat transfer (cooling) efficiency can be improved.
Specifically, the thermal switch may further include a motor 50, and an output shaft of the motor 50 is coupled to the screw 32. The coupling relationship between the output shaft of the motor 50 and the screw 32 is: and the axial direction is not linked. I.e. the output shaft of the motor 50 rotates, the screw 32 follows the rotation, the screw 32 moves axially under the spiral movement, and the output shaft of the motor 50 remains axially stationary. By the motor 50, a larger torque can be obtained, the operation speed of the switch can be increased, and the control can be programmed.
More specifically, the axially unlink structure may be: either the screw 32 or the output shaft of the motor 50 is provided with a key, and the other is provided with an axially unrestricted keyway that mates with the key. The circumferential linkage can be realized through the key and the key groove, and the axial non-linkage can be realized through the key groove which is not limited in the axial direction.
Specifically, in order for the screw 32 to transmit a greater force, the threads of the screw 32 and the nut 31 are trapezoidal threads. The trapezoidal thread has the characteristic of high transmission efficiency, and can better transmit the power of the motor 50. And the tooth root has high strength, can bear larger force, and ensures that the thermal switch is more stable.
In some embodiments, the screw 32 moves closer to the first end to abut the second cold guide 20 to establish a connection; the screw 32 moves away from the first end to disengage the second cold guide 20; the thermal switch may further include:
a return spring 60 for driving the second cold guide 20 out of contact with the first cold guide 10 after the screw 32 is disconnected from the second cold guide 20, so that the second cold guide 21 is out of thermal contact with the first cold guide 11; one end of the reset elastic member 60 is connected to the second end of the supporting frame 40, and the other end is connected to the second cold guide 20; in the case that the second cold guide 20 moves in the first direction to approach the first cold guide 10, the return elastic member 60 is stretched and stored with energy.
The screw 32 may be movably connected to the second cold guide 20, and the screw 32 may be connected to the second cold guide 20 in a downward movement of the screw 32, i.e. abutting, and the screw 32 may be disconnected from the second cold guide 20 in an upward movement of the screw 32. In this way, the second cold guide 20 is in thermal contact with the first cold guide 10, which can be driven by the screw 32. The second cold guide 20 is out of thermal contact with the first cold guide 10, which may be achieved by a return spring 60.
The screw rod 32 is movably connected with the second cold guide member 20, so that the movement track of the second cold guide member 20 is not affected by the screw rod 32, and the movement track can be independently adjusted according to the mutual position relationship of the first cold guide member 10 and the second cold guide member 20, so that the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 can be more tightly attached.
In particular, the return elastic member 60 may be an extension spring. One end of the extension spring is connected with the second end of the supporting frame 40, and the other end of the extension spring is connected with the second cold guide 20; in the case where the second cold guide 20 moves in the first direction to approach the first cold guide 10, the tension spring is stretched and stored. After the screw 32 is disconnected from the second cold guide 20, the tension spring springs back, pulling the second cold guide 20 upward, bringing the second cold guide 20 out of contact with the first cold guide 10, breaking the thermal contact. In some embodiments, the thermal switch further comprises a guide mechanism, which may comprise:
at least two first guide members having one end fixed to the second end of the support frame 40 and the other end extending in a first direction; at least two first guiding members are distributed around the second cold guide member 20 and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second cold guide member 20;
a second guide member movable in a first direction based on the first guide member, the first guide member and the second guide member being structured to: restricting movement of the second guide in a direction other than the first direction; the second guide member is coupled to the second cold guide member 20 such that the movement of the second cold guide member 20 is in the first direction.
By the cooperation of the first guide and the second guide, the movement of the second cold guide 20 can be made more stable along a prescribed trajectory.
Specifically, the first guide member may be a guide post 71, and one end of the guide post 71 is fixed to the second end of the support frame 40, and the other end extends vertically downward. The second guide member may be a guide sleeve 72, i.e. the first guide member and the second guide member are coupled by a bore shaft, limiting movement of the second guide member other than axial movement, i.e. the degrees of freedom in other directions are limited.
In some embodiments, the thermal switch may further comprise:
a linkage plate 73 to which the second guide is fixed, the linkage plate 73 being kept in linkage with the second cold guide 20 by at least two connecting rods 74; one end of the connecting rod 74 is connected to the linkage plate 73, and the other end is connected to the second cold guide 20; the screw 32 is connected to the second cooling guide 20 by abutting the link plate 73.
It will be appreciated that there are two connecting rods 74 between the linkage plate 73 and the second cold guide 20 to maintain the linkage. Therefore, a certain space is formed between the linkage plate 73 and the second cold guide 20, and the space can be used for accommodating the flexible cold guide 22, so that more flexible cold guide 22 can be arranged, and the heat transfer effect can be improved. One end of the flexible cold strip 22 is in thermal contact with the second cold guide 20 and the other end is in thermal contact with a cold source. In particular, the second cold guide 20 is connected to a flexible cold guide strip 22, the thermal contact of the flexible cold guide strip 22 being achieved by a mechanical connection, i.e. by transferring cold by conduction.
In some embodiments, the connecting rod 74 and at least one of the linkage plate 73 and the second cold guide 20 may be floatable.
It will be appreciated that, due to the floatable connection, the thermal contact of the second cold guide 20 with the first cold guide 10 may be forced by pressure such that the contact area of the first cold guide 11 and the second cold guide 21 is as large as possible. That is, in the floatable connection configuration, the second cold guide 20 has a function of automatically adjusting its position. In this way, the situations of poor contact and uneven distribution of pressing force of the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 caused by machining errors and assembly errors of the first cold guide member 10 and the second cold guide member 20 can be overcome, and the screw 32 is subjected to transverse force, so that the screw 32 is difficult to rotate in a spiral mode. Specifically, in machining of the machine part, there may be a shape error or a position error of each surface of the machine part itself, for example, a parallelism error of the upper and lower surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped, a perpendicularity error of the upper surface and the side surface, a flatness error of each surface, or the like.
In some embodiments, a circumferential groove 741 may be formed at an end of the connecting rod 74 connected to the second cold guide 20, and a stopper 742 that is snapped into the circumferential groove 741 may be installed on the second cold guide 20; the limiting block 742 and the circumferential groove 741 have a predetermined gap in the axial direction of the connecting rod 74, so that the connecting rod 74 and the second cold guide 20 are floatably connected.
Therefore, the processing and the assembly are convenient, and the floating connection effect can be realized. The preset gap may be set according to the poor contact between the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 caused by the machining error and the assembly error of the first cold guide member 10 and the second cold guide member 20, and may specifically be set to 0.5-2mm. With a preset gap, the second cold guide 20 can automatically adjust its position by means of a slight inclination or the like in order to achieve a good contact of the first cold guide 11 with the second cold guide 21.
In some embodiments, a universal ball 321 may be disposed at an end of the screw 32 abutting against the linkage plate 73, and the linkage plate 73 may be provided with a spherical groove that mates with the universal ball 321.
It will be appreciated that the universal ball 321 may rotate in any direction within the spherical recess of the linkage plate 73. Therefore, the screw 32 can finely adjust the positions of the screw and the linkage plate 73 by rotating the universal ball 321, so that the contact between the screw and the linkage plate corresponds to the acting direction of the force, and the force can be transmitted better.
Further, the return elastic member 60 can also achieve continuous contact between the universal ball 321 and the spherical recess. In the process that the screw rod 32 drives the linkage plate 73 to move downwards through spiral movement, the reset elastic piece 60 is stretched to generate rebound reverse force and drive the linkage plate 73 to move upwards, so that the spherical groove of the linkage plate 73 is in close contact with the universal ball 321, the connection between the screw rod 32 and the second cold guide surface 21 is more stable, and the thermal contact between the first cold guide surface 11 and the second cold guide surface 21 is more stable.
Further, a hemispherical concave spacer (not shown in the figure) matching the universal ball 321 may be provided in the spherical groove, and the material of the spacer may be Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Thus, the low friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene can be utilized, the resistance to movement of the universal ball 321 is reduced, and the abrasion of the universal ball 321 and the gasket is reduced. The low heat-conducting property of polytetrafluoroethylene can be utilized, so that the transmission of cold energy to the screw rod is reduced, and the loss of cold energy is reduced.
In some embodiments, the thermal switch may further include a vacuum chamber capable of forming a vacuum environment, wherein the first cold guide 10, the second cold guide 20, and the support frame 40 are all located in the vacuum chamber, and wherein a portion of the force transmission member 30 is located in the vacuum chamber; a dynamic sealing component is arranged at the joint of the force transmission piece 30 and the outer wall of the vacuum cavity.
It will be appreciated that the vacuum chamber is isolated from the outside by a chamber wall 90, the chamber wall 90 in the drawings only showing the chamber wall 90 spaced from the motor 50.
In this embodiment, the thermal switch is used in an ultra-low temperature environment (-196 ℃ to-270 ℃), so that a vacuum cavity is required to reduce the loss of cold energy. By means of the force-transmitting member 30, forces outside the vacuum chamber can be transmitted into the vacuum chamber. In order to maintain the vacuum environment in the vacuum chamber, a dynamic seal member is provided where the force-transmitting member 30 meets the chamber wall 90 of the vacuum chamber. In particular, the dynamic seal component may be a magnetic fluid bearing 80.
The embodiment of the application also provides an ultralow temperature system, which comprises any one of the thermal switches.
It will be appreciated that the ultra-low temperature system may also include a target and a cold source.
According to the ultralow temperature system provided by the embodiment of the application, the thermal switch is arranged, so that the thermal switch can be closed when a target body needs to refrigerate, and the cold source can efficiently transmit cold to the target body. The thermal switch may also be turned off quickly when heating of the target is desired. The object body is prevented from reversely transmitting heat to the cold source, so that the cold source is damaged due to overhigh temperature.
The thermal switch establishes thermal contact with the second cold-conducting surface 21 through the first cold-conducting surface 11, and then the second cold-conducting surface 21 is tightly attached to the first cold-conducting surface 11 through the force transmission piece 30, so that the heat transfer (cold) efficiency of the closed state of the thermal switch is improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are illustrative and are not intended to encompass all possible implementations encompassed by the claims. Various modifications and changes may be made in the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Likewise, the individual features of the above embodiments can also be combined arbitrarily to form further embodiments of the application which may not be explicitly described. Therefore, the above examples merely represent several embodiments of the present application and do not limit the scope of protection of the patent of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A thermal switch, comprising:
the first cold guide piece comprises a first cold guide surface;
a second cold guide comprising a second cold guide surface, the second cold guide being movable relative to the first cold guide to bring the second cold guide surface into or out of thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one of the first cold guide piece and the second cold guide piece is in thermal contact with a target body, and the other is in thermal contact with a cold source; the target body is an object which needs to obtain cold or heat, and the cold source is a device for providing cold;
the force transmission piece is used for transmitting the received force to the second cold guide piece and driving the second cold guide piece to move relative to the first cold guide piece so that the second cold guide surface is closely attached to or separated from the first cold guide surface, and then the thermal contact between the second cold guide surface and the first cold guide surface is established or disconnected;
a support frame including a first end proximate to the first cold guide and a second end distal to the first cold guide; the first cold guide piece is fixed at the first end, and the second cold guide piece is movably arranged at the second end and can move along a first direction; one end of the force transmission piece can penetrate through the second end of the supporting frame to be connected with the second cold guide piece so as to transmit the received force to the second cold guide piece; the first direction is the direction from the second end to the first end;
a guide mechanism, the guide mechanism comprising:
at least two first guide members, one end of which is fixed at the second end of the supporting frame and the other end of which extends along the first direction; at least two first guide pieces are distributed around the second cold guide piece and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second cold guide piece;
a second guide member movable in a first direction based on the first guide member, the first guide member and the second guide member being structured to: restricting movement of the second guide in a direction other than the first direction; the second guide piece is linked with the second cold guide piece so that the second cold guide piece moves along the first direction;
the linkage plate is fixed with the second guide piece and keeps linkage with the second cold guide piece through at least two connecting rods; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the linkage plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the second cold guide piece; the force transfer piece is connected with the second cold guide piece through abutting the linkage plate.
2. The thermal switch of claim 1, wherein the force transfer member comprises at least first and second force transfer parts that mate with one another, at least one of the first and second force transfer parts being mounted to the second end of the support frame; one of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part can receive torque, and one of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part forms movement in a first direction under the cooperation of the first force transmission part and the second force transmission part, so that the second cold guide part is driven to move along the first direction, and the second cold guide surface is in thermal contact with or is disconnected from the first cold guide surface.
3. The thermal switch of claim 1 wherein said force transfer member comprises:
the nut is arranged at the second end of the supporting frame;
and the screw rod is matched with the nut and can perform spiral motion under the condition that one end is subjected to torque so as to drive the second cold guide piece to move along the first direction.
4. A thermal switch according to claim 3, wherein the screw moves closer to the first end to establish a connection against the second cold guide; the screw is connected with the second cold guide piece by abutting against the linkage plate; the screw rod moves away from the first end so as to be separated from the connection of the second cold guide piece;
the thermal switch further comprises:
the reset elastic piece drives the second cold guide piece to be separated from contact with the first cold guide piece after the screw rod is separated from the connection with the second cold guide piece, so that the second cold guide surface is separated from thermal contact with the first cold guide surface; one end of the reset elastic piece is connected with the second end of the supporting frame, and the other end of the reset elastic piece is connected with the second cold guide piece; the return elastic member is stretched and stored in the state that the second cold guide member moves in the first direction to approach the first cold guide member.
5. The thermal switch of claim 4 wherein said connecting rod is floatably connected to at least one of said linkage plate and said second cold guide.
6. The thermal switch of claim 5, wherein a circumferential groove is formed at one end of the connecting rod connected with the second cold guide member, and a limiting block clamped into the circumferential groove is mounted on the second cold guide member; the limiting block and the circumferential groove are provided with a preset gap in the axial direction of the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod and the second cold guide piece are in floatable connection.
7. The thermal switch of claim 4, wherein a universal ball is provided at an end of the screw abutting the linkage plate, and wherein the linkage plate is provided with a spherical recess that mates with the universal ball.
8. The thermal switch of any one of claims 2-7, further comprising a vacuum chamber capable of forming a vacuum environment, wherein the first cold guide, the second cold guide, and the support frame are all located within the vacuum chamber, and wherein a portion of the force transfer member is located within the vacuum chamber; and a movable sealing part is arranged at the joint of the force transfer part and the outer wall of the vacuum cavity.
9. An ultra-low temperature system comprising a thermal switch according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310826660.4A CN116538719B (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Thermal switch and ultra-low temperature system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310826660.4A CN116538719B (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Thermal switch and ultra-low temperature system |
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| CN116538719A CN116538719A (en) | 2023-08-04 |
| CN116538719B true CN116538719B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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| CN212299644U (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Thermal switch and temperature control device with same |
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| CN218495394U (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-02-17 | 青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司 | Cold volume distribution structure spare and stirling refrigerator |
| CN218735663U (en) * | 2022-07-30 | 2023-03-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Heat dissipation back splint, shell assembly and electronic equipment |
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| CN104200950A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Conduction-cooled superconducting magnet refrigerating machine structure and mounting and dismounting method thereof |
| CN209639311U (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-11-15 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | Liquid semiconductor refrigeration system and refrigeration equipment are drunk in heat pipe flowing |
| CN212299644U (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Thermal switch and temperature control device with same |
| CN217464944U (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-09-20 | 姚宇 | Double-end opposite refrigerating structure |
| CN218735663U (en) * | 2022-07-30 | 2023-03-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | Heat dissipation back splint, shell assembly and electronic equipment |
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| CN116538719A (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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