CN116535787A - Friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition, friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition, friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
- C08K2003/162—Calcium, strontium or barium halides, e.g. calcium, strontium or barium chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition, which comprises the following components in weight: 50-75% of polytetrafluoroethylene; 10-25% of reinforcing fiber; 5-20% of thermoplastic polymer filler; 3-5% of inorganic salt; and 1-3% of inorganic nano particles. The application also relates to a friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The friction-reducing and wear-resistant composite described herein has excellent self-lubricity and high wear resistance under heavy load conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition, a friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material prepared from the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition, a preparation method of the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material and application of the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material in preparing shaft sleeve materials.
Background
In the normal running process of the automobile, under the working conditions of acceleration, deceleration, turning, braking and the like, a driver and a passenger are subjected to various forces to generate aperiodic alternating impact on a backrest, so that the reliability of the seat angle adjuster is high, and meanwhile, the key component shaft sleeve of the seat angle adjuster is also high in requirement. As the axle sleeve that uses in the seat angle modulation ware, its working shaft is the eccentric shaft, and under certain pressure, the load that bears is great, and the axle sleeve material is liable to produce deformation, and simultaneously, the shearing force that the axle sleeve contact surface received is great in the axle operation process, and there is the stall phenomenon in electric seat angle modulation ware after reaching anticipated angle, and the axle sleeve plastic layer is scraped, is peeled off easily. In addition, due to the specificity of the automobile working condition, the shaft sleeve is required to have no obvious shaft sleeve failure conditions such as abrasion and the like under a long-term working condition endurance test.
Therefore, the existing application of the steel-copper-plastic friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material to the working condition of the automobile seat angle adjuster has the following technical problems: firstly, due to the special form of the axle center of the seat angle adjuster, the axle sleeve is subjected to larger load under certain pressure, and the axle sleeve prepared from the steel-copper-plastic friction-reducing wear-resisting composite material is easy to deform under high load so as to cause the situation of axle sleeve failure; secondly, the shearing force applied to the shaft sleeve in the running and locked rotation processes of the seat is large, and the plastic layer of the shaft sleeve has the failure conditions of scraping, peeling and the like; thirdly, under the long-term endurance test condition, the situation of shaft sleeve failure caused by abrasion of the shaft sleeve plastic layer is easy to occur.
Therefore, the development of the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present application is firstly to provide a friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition comprising polytetrafluoroethylene, reinforcing fibers, thermoplastic polymer filler, inorganic salts and inorganic nanoparticles in specific weight proportions. After the antifriction and wear-resistant composition and copper powder are sintered on a metal substrate, the antifriction and wear-resistant composition can be obtained to have excellent self-lubricity and high wear resistance under heavy load conditions, so that the technical problems in the prior art are solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a friction reducing wear composition comprising, on a weight basis:
50-75% of polytetrafluoroethylene;
10-25% of reinforcing fiber;
5-20% of thermoplastic polymer filler;
3-5% of inorganic salt;
and 1-3% of inorganic nano particles.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and polytetrafluoroethylene suspension powder, and the polytetrafluoroethylene particle size is 80-120 μm.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the reinforcing fiber is one or more of aramid fiber powder and polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder, and the fiber powder has a particle size of 60 to 120 μm;
preferably, the reinforcing fiber is a fiber subjected to surface treatment to remove the electrostatic effect on the surface of the fiber;
preferably, the thermoplastic polymer filler is poly (perfluoroethylene propylene), and the particle size of the poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) is 8-12 mu m;
preferably, the inorganic salt is an inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 The particle size of the inorganic filler is 8-12 mu m;
preferably, the inorganic nano particles are one or more of nano alumina, nano silicon dioxide and nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano particles is 10-30 nm;
Preferably, the inorganic nanoparticles are inorganic nanoparticles treated with a silane coupling agent.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the friction reducing and wear resistant composition comprises the following components on a weight basis: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10% of aramid fiber, 5% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, 10% of perfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a friction-reducing wear-resistant composite comprising a metal substrate, a spherical porous copper powder layer sintered to the surface of the metal substrate, and a friction-reducing wear-resistant composition layer embedded in the pores of the copper powder and covering the copper powder surface, the friction-reducing wear-resistant composition layer being made of a friction-reducing wear-resistant composition according to any one of claims 1-4.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, the metal substrate is one of a low carbon steel plate, a high strength steel plate, and a copper plate. Preferably, the copper powder of the copper powder layer is copper-tin alloy or other copper alloy, and the particle size is 80-120 meshes. Preferably, the porosity of the copper powder layer is 35-50%. Preferably, the thickness of the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material layer is 0.01-0.10 mm.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a method of preparing a friction-reducing wear-resistant composite according to the second aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: preparing spreadable daub, uniformly mixing the components of the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition to obtain a powder mixture, and flocculating the powder mixture and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion in an organic solvent to obtain the daub;
step S2: sintering copper powder particles on a metal substrate, and obtaining the metal substrate containing copper powder under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the sintering temperature is 850-930 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min;
step S3: spreading and rolling the prepared cement on the metal substrate containing copper powder to obtain a metal substrate containing a cement layer, wherein the thickness of the cement layer is 0.01-0.10 mm;
step S4: heating the metal substrate containing the cement layer until the solvent in the cement is completely dried, so as to obtain a composite board;
step S5: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite board for the first time, wherein the rolling quantity is 0.01-0.10 mm, and obtaining the rolled composite board;
step S6: sintering the rolled composite board under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a sintered composite board, wherein the sintering temperature is 350-395 ℃, the sintering time is 30-60 min, and the purity of the nitrogen is over 99.9 percent;
Step S7: and rolling the sintered second plate for the second time to the thickness required by the plate to obtain the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material.
In an embodiment of the third aspect, in step S1, the organic solvent is one of acetone, ethanol, propanol, and the like, which are miscible with water.
Preferably, in step S4, the drying temperature is 180 to 250 ℃ and the drying time is 30 to 60 minutes.
In one embodiment of the third aspect, step S1 includes: mixing polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, inorganic salt, thermoplastic polymer filler and inorganic nano particles in a predetermined weight ratio to form a uniformly mixed powder mixture; and weighing a certain amount of PTFE emulsion according to a proportion, adding the powder mixture, stirring, adding a certain amount of organic solvent after stirring uniformly, and stirring and flocculating to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides the use of a friction reducing and wear resistant composite material as described in the second aspect in the manufacture of a sleeve material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects: in the aspect of antifriction and wear-resistant composite materials, polytetrafluoroethylene is adopted as a matrix material, and reinforcing fibers, polymer fillers, inorganic salts and inorganic nanoparticles are added, so that the strength and wear resistance of the composite materials are improved through the synergistic effect of the component materials. The antifriction and wear-resistant composite material provided by the invention takes polytetrafluoroethylene as a matrix material, and provides excellent lubricating performance. The aramid fiber uniformly dispersed in the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix constructs an organic fiber skeleton of the composite material, the added surface oleophylic inorganic nanoparticles modified by the silane coupling agent are uniformly dispersed in a composite material system, the pores among the aramid fiber skeletons are filled, and the strength of the composite material is greatly improved through the synergistic effect of the aramid fiber and the nanoparticles. In addition, the thermoplastic poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) is added at a high level The surface interface of each component material is soaked under the condition of warm plasticizing to form an organic net structure, so that the composite material forms an organic whole, and the binding force inside the composite material is improved. Inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 The addition of the rubber has the functions of reinforcing, antifriction and wear resistance. In the process of facing and grinding the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material and the bearing steel, under the condition of high load friction, the shearing force and instantaneous high temperature lead the organic fluorine polymer molecular chain to generate fracture oxidation and the like to form active groups, and at the moment, the active groups on the organic fluorine molecular chain are inorganic nano particles, inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 Under the combined action of the friction and the like, a physical-chemical reaction occurs on the friction dual surface to form a lubrication transfer film tightly combined with the dual surface, so that the wear resistance of the material is improved. The high-strength and high-wear-resistance composite material is obtained through the synergistic effect of the component materials. The performance and effect of each component material are as follows:
first, through adding polymer fiber powder to reach the reinforcing and toughening effect, polymer fiber powder and polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material have better compatibility, compare in inorganic fiber filler, polymer fiber has better pliability, is difficult to be extruded from the combined material, and the polymer long chain of polymer fiber powder can twine with polytetrafluoroethylene molecule in addition, reduces the slice slip of polytetrafluoroethylene molecule in the operation process, improves combined material's wearability. According to the invention, the polymer fiber powder is pretreated, so that the electrostatic effect among the polymer fiber powder is reduced, the dispersibility of the polymer fiber powder is improved, and a better reinforcing and toughening effect is realized. Meanwhile, the impurities on the surface of the polymer fiber powder are removed, so that the molecular surface of the polymer fiber powder has more active points, and the polymer fiber powder can be better entangled with polytetrafluoroethylene molecules, and the wear resistance of the composite material is improved.
Secondly, the inorganic salt is added, so that the strength of the composite material is improved, and meanwhile, the high-temperature lubrication effect is realized under the condition of friction heating. The added inorganic salt has high-temperature plasticity, and under the normal temperature condition, the added inorganic salt particles play a bearing role, and under the conditions of running and locked rotation of the seat angle adjuster, the inorganic salt cooperates with other components of the composite material under the action of friction heat to perform physical and chemical reactions so as to play a role in antifriction and wear resistance.
Third, the invention adds nano inorganic particles, adopts silane coupling agent to pretreat the nano inorganic particles, and solves the problems that the inorganic nano particles are easy to agglomerate and difficult to disperse uniformly. The addition of the inorganic nano particles plays a role in reinforcing and toughening at the same time, and improves the strength of the composite material.
Fourth, the invention adds the poly-perfluoroethylene propylene as a thermoplastic organic fluorine polymer, and the addition of the poly-perfluoroethylene propylene plays a role of a cosolvent, so that the problem of poor binding force of the composite material caused by non-tackiness of the polytetrafluoroethylene material is solved. The polyfluoro ethylene propylene and the polytetrafluoroethylene have higher compatibility, and meanwhile, the polyfluoro ethylene propylene and the polytetrafluoroethylene can be filled into the interface and the pores of the composite material in a high-temperature melting state, so that the composite material forms an organic whole, and the overall binding force and the mechanical strength of the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material are improved.
In summary, the invention optimally designs each layer of material of the steel-copper-plastic three-layer composite material, improves the overall strength and the wear resistance of the three-layer composite material, and combines a specific preparation method to prepare the friction-reducing wear-resistant composite material which has high wear resistance under heavy load and is suitable for the shaft sleeve of the seat angle adjuster so as to meet the special working condition of the automobile seat angle adjuster.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material provided by the invention, which has high wear resistance under heavy load conditions and is suitable for a seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve.
Detailed Description
Unless otherwise indicated, implied from the context, or common denominator in the art, all parts and percentages in the present application are based on weight and the test and characterization methods used are synchronized with the filing date of the present application. Where applicable, the disclosure of any patent, patent application, or publication referred to in this application is incorporated by reference in its entirety, and the equivalent of such patent is incorporated by reference, particularly as regards the definitions of synthetic techniques, product and process designs, polymers, comonomers, initiators or catalysts, etc. in the art, as disclosed in such documents. If the definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art does not conform to any definition provided in this application, the definition of that term provided in this application controls.
Numerical ranges in this application are approximations, so that it may include the numerical values outside of the range unless otherwise indicated. The numerical range includes all values from the lower value to the upper value that increase by 1 unit, provided that there is a spacing of at least 2 units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if a component, physical or other property (e.g., molecular weight, melt index, etc.) is recited as being 100 to 1000, it is intended that all individual values, e.g., 100, 101,102, etc., and all subranges, e.g., 100 to 166,155 to 170,198 to 200, etc., are explicitly recited. For ranges containing values less than 1 or containing fractions greater than 1 (e.g., 1.1,1.5, etc.), then 1 unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001,0.001,0.01, or 0.1. For a range containing units of less than 10 (e.g., 1 to 5), 1 unit is generally considered to be 0.1. These are merely specific examples of what is intended to be provided, and all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value enumerated are to be considered to be expressly stated in this application. It should also be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like herein do not limit the order of precedence, but are used merely to distinguish materials of different structures.
As used with respect to chemical compounds, the singular includes all isomeric forms and vice versa unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., "hexane" includes all isomers of hexane, either individually or collectively). In addition, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the use of the terms "a," "an," or "the" include plural referents.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and their derivatives do not exclude the presence of any other component, step or procedure, and are not related to whether or not such other component, step or procedure is disclosed in the present application. For the avoidance of any doubt, all use of the terms "comprising", "including" or "having" herein may include any additional additive, adjuvant or compound in the friction reducing wear composition, unless expressly stated otherwise. Rather, the term "consisting essentially of … …" excludes any other component, step or process from the scope of any of the terms recited below, except as necessary for operability. The term "consisting of … …" does not include any components, steps or processes not specifically described or listed. The term "or" refers to the listed individual members or any combination thereof unless explicitly stated otherwise.
In a specific embodiment, the invention provides an antifriction and wear-resistant composite material with high wear resistance under heavy load condition, which is suitable for a seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve, and comprises a metal substrate, a spherical porous copper powder layer sintered on the surface of the metal substrate, and an antifriction and wear-resistant composite material layer embedded in copper powder pores and covering the copper powder surface.
Further, the metal substrate is one of a low-carbon steel plate, a high-strength steel plate and a copper plate, and the thickness of the metal substrate is 0.5-2.5mm.
The spherical porous copper powder layer sintered on the surface of the metal substrate is copper-tin alloy or other copper alloy, the particle size of the copper alloy powder is 80-120 meshes, the thickness of the porous copper powder layer is 0.3-0.5mm, and the porosity of the porous copper powder layer is 35-50%.
Further, the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material layer is a PTFE-based composite material and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-75% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10-25% of reinforcing fiber, 5-20% of thermoplastic polymer filler, 3-5% of inorganic salt and 1-3% of inorganic nano particles.
Further, the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and polytetrafluoroethylene suspension powder, and the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene is 80-120 mu m. Polytetrafluoroethylene is used as a matrix material of the antifriction and wear-resistant layer, so that the antifriction and wear-resistant layer is guaranteed to have a lower friction coefficient, and in addition, the polytetrafluoroethylene can form a transfer film on the surface of a counter-grinding shaft to play a role in self-lubrication.
Further, the reinforcing fiber is one or more of aramid fiber powder and polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder, and the particle size of the fiber powder is 60-120 mu m.
Further, the surface treatment is carried out on the aramid fiber powder and the polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder, the electrostatic effect on the fiber surface is removed, the dispersibility of the fiber powder is improved, and the uniform dispersion of the fibers in the composite material is ensured. Because the intermolecular force of the polytetrafluoroethylene is low, the polytetrafluoroethylene is easy to slip among molecular chains under the action of shearing force, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene is peeled off in a large area. The polymer fiber has high strength and high toughness, and certain crimping property, and in the high temperature plasticizing process, the high molecular long chain of the polymer fiber can be entangled with polytetrafluoroethylene molecules, so that the wear resistance of the composite material is improved while the composite material is reinforced and toughened.
Further, the polymer filler is poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) with the particle size of 8-12 mu m. Because of the non-meltability and non-tackiness of polytetrafluoroethylene, the polytetrafluoroethylene has poor compatibility with other fillers, resulting in poor interfacial adhesion of the composite material. The preparation of the polytetrafluoroethylene-based composite material is realized by high-temperature sintering and plasticizing, the raw materials are all in the form of granular powder, and the interaction between the raw materials is realized only through the interfacial effect between substances. The thermoplastic poly (perfluoroethylene) propylene is added, and the melted poly (perfluoroethylene) propylene can infiltrate the surfaces of all materials in the sintering and plasticizing process, so that the composite material forms an organic whole, the binding force between polytetrafluoroethylene and other fillers is improved, and the mechanical property of the whole composite material is improved.
Further, the inorganic salt is inorganic magnesium salt, caF 2 The particle size of the inorganic filler is 8-12 mu m. The inorganic salt is used as a high-temperature plastic inorganic material, has the reinforcing effect, can also have the lubricating effect under the friction heat effect, and improves the wear resistance of the composite material.
Further, the inorganic nano particles are one or more of nano alumina, nano silicon dioxide and nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano particles is 10-30 nm. The addition of the nano particles can simultaneously improve the strength and toughness of the composite material and improve the wear resistance of the material.
Furthermore, the inorganic nano particles are subjected to KH560 silane coupling agent treatment, the nano particles are easy to agglomerate, and the dispersibility of the nano particles is improved through the silane coupling agent treatment, so that the nano particles can be uniformly dispersed in the composite material, the nano effect of the nano particles is exerted, and the strength and the wear resistance of the composite material are improved.
In another embodiment, the present application provides a method for preparing a friction-reducing and wear-resistant composite material suitable for a seat recliner bushing having high wear resistance under heavy load conditions, comprising the steps of:
step S1: pretreatment of polymer fiber powder: adding the polymer fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the polymer fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the polymer fiber powder is completely dried.
Step S2: pretreatment of inorganic nano particles: adding inorganic nano particles into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the inorganic nano particles into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the inorganic nano particles, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the inorganic nano particles are completely dried.
Step S3: preparation of spreadable software
The polytetrafluoroethylene powder, the reinforcing fiber, the polymer filler, the inorganic salt and the inorganic nano particles are weighed according to the weight percentage. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed.
A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of organic solvent in proportion for stirring and flocculating to obtain the cement with moderate hardness. The organic solvent is one of acetone, ethanol, propanol and other water soluble organic solvents.
Step S4: and sintering the copper powder particles on a metal substrate, wherein the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.01-0.10 mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
Examples
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments of the present application. The reagents and starting materials used were purchased commercially, unless otherwise indicated. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, were selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specifications.
In the following examples, specific information on raw materials used is as follows.
Polytetrafluoroethylene suspension powder is purchased from the chemical industry Co., ltd, and the model is DF-17.
Polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion was purchased from eastern mountain chemical Co., ltd, model DF-306.
Aramid fiber powder was purchased from Jiangsu ai Alda composite Co.
The PPE was purchased from Shandong China Shenzhou New Material Co., ltd and model DS602.
CaF 2 The powder is purchased from Lingshu county constant mineralAnd (5) a product processing plant.
The nano alumina powder is purchased from Beijing De island gold technology Co., ltd, model DK410-1.
The nano silicon dioxide powder is purchased from Beijing De island gold technology Co., ltd, and the model is DK-SiO2-30.
Polyphenylene sulfide fiber is purchased from Chongqing poly lion new material technology Co., ltd, and the model is GAF01.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-layer self-lubricating composite material provided by the invention is a schematic structural diagram, and comprises a composite material layer 1 embedded with copper powder pores and covering the surface of the copper powder layer, a spherical porous copper powder layer 2 sintered on one surface of a metal substrate layer, and a metal substrate layer 3.
Comparative example 1
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
The antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of untreated aramid fiber, 10% of perfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S2: preparing spreadable software;
step S3: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
step S4: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S5: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
Step S6: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S7: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S8: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder, untreated aramid fiber powder, and poly (perfluoroethylene-propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF according to weight percentage 2 And nano alumina treated with a silane coupling agent. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Comparative example 2
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 71% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
step S2: preparing spreadable software;
step S3: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Step S4: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S5: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
Step S6: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S7: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S8: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder according to weight percentage, and preprocessing aramid fiber powder, and performing CPE (poly-perfluoroethylene propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF (CaF) 2 . Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion to stir and flocculate to obtain the cement with moderate hardness 。
Comparative example 3
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of non-pretreated nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried.
Step S2: preparing spreadable software;
step S3: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
step S4: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S5: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
Step S6: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S7: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S8: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder according to weight percentage, and preprocessing aramid fiber powder, and performing CPE (poly-perfluoroethylene propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF (CaF) 2 The nano alumina was not pretreated. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Comparative example 4
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 74% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) and 1% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
step S2: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder, pretreated aramid fiber powder, poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) and nano alumina treated by a silane coupling agent according to the weight percentage. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Comparative example 5
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried.
Step S2: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the nano aluminum oxide is completely dried.
Step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling is carried out on the composite board, the rolling amount is 0.10mm, the composite material is rolled into copper powder pores, the pores of the composite material layer are removed, and the compactness of the composite material is improved.
Step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder, pretreated aramid fiber powder, inorganic magnesium salt and CaF according to weight percentage 2 Silane coupling agent treated nanoparticlesAlumina. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Comparative example 6
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 66% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 6% of powder and 1% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried.
Step S2: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the nano aluminum oxide is completely dried.
Step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder according to weight percentage, and preprocessing aramid fiber powder, and performing CPE (poly-perfluoroethylene propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF (CaF) 2 And nano alumina treated with a silane coupling agent. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Comparative example 7
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 66% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 5% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
step S2: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder according to weight percentage, and preprocessing aramid fiber powder, and performing CPE (poly-perfluoroethylene propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF (CaF) 2 And nano alumina treated with a silane coupling agent. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixingMixing, stirring at 200r/min for 3min, suspending for 2min, and repeating stirring for three times until the materials are mixed uniformly. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Example 1
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 15% of aramid fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano alumina powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding aramid fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
step S2: adding nano aluminum oxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nano aluminum oxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling is carried out on the composite board, the rolling amount is 0.10mm, the composite material is rolled into copper powder pores, the pores of the composite material layer are removed, and the compactness of the composite material is improved.
Step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder according to weight percentage, and preprocessing aramid fiber powder, and performing CPE (poly-perfluoroethylene propylene), inorganic magnesium salt and CaF (CaF) 2 And nano alumina treated with a silane coupling agent. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Example 2
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10% of aramid fiber, 5% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, 10% of perfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: respectively adding aramid fiber powder and polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
step S2: adding nano silicon dioxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the nano silicon dioxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S3: preparing spreadable software;
Step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen;
step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60 min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60 min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder, pretreated aramid fiber powder, pretreated polyphenylene sulfide powder, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, inorganic magnesium salt and CaF according to weight percentage 2 And a nano silica treated with a silane coupling agent. Weighing the materialsStirring and mixing in a stirrer at the stirring speed of 200r/min for 3min, suspending for 2min, and repeating stirring for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Example 3
PTFE three-layer composite material component with high wear resistance under heavy load condition and suitable for seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve:
the antifriction and wear-resistant plastic layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10% of aramid fiber, 5% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, 10% of polyperfluoroethylene propylene and CaF 2 4% of powder and 1% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
The preparation method of the PTFE three-layer composite material with high wear resistance under the heavy load condition and suitable for the seat angle adjuster shaft sleeve comprises the following steps:
step S1: respectively adding aramid fiber powder and polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, boiling and refluxing for 30min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the aramid fiber powder obtained by suction filtration in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 30-60min until the aramid fiber powder is completely dried;
Step S2: adding nano silicon dioxide powder into a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring by an electric stirrer after ultrasonic dispersion, weighing KH560 silane coupling agent according to a proportion, adding the KH560 silane coupling agent into the absolute ethyl alcohol solution of the nano silicon dioxide, stirring for 60min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying for 30-60min in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ until the KH560 silane coupling agent is completely dried;
step S3: preparing spreadable software;
step S4: sintering copper-tin alloy powder onto a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 0.7mm, wherein the thickness of a copper powder layer is 0.3mm, and the sintering temperature is 850-950 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.
Step S5: spreading and rolling the prepared daub onto the sintered porous copper powder metal plate, wherein the thickness of the composite material layer is 0.05-0.08 mm;
step S6: adopting a drying furnace, and drying for 30-60min at 180-250 ℃ until the solvent in the daub is completely dried;
step S7: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite plate with the rolling amount of 0.10mm, rolling the composite material into copper powder pores, removing pores of a composite material layer, and increasing the compactness of the composite material;
step S8: sintering in a nitrogen protection sintering furnace at 350-395 deg.c for 30-60min with nitrogen purity over 99.9%;
Step S9: and rolling the sintered and plasticized plate to the thickness requirement of the finished plate, and removing the pores of the plastic layer to obtain the metal plastic three-layer composite material.
The preparation of the spreadable software comprises the steps of: weighing polytetrafluoroethylene powder, pretreated aramid fiber powder, pretreated polyphenylene sulfide powder, polyperfluoroethylene propylene and CaF according to weight percentage 2 And a nano silica treated with a silane coupling agent. Adding the weighed materials into a stirrer for stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring is stopped for 2min for 3min, and the stirring is repeated for three times until the materials are uniformly mixed. A certain amount of PTFE emulsion is weighed according to a proportion, the powder mixture is added for stirring, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 min under the condition of 20-60 r/min of rotating speed, so that the PTFE emulsion and the mixed powder are fully and uniformly mixed. Adding a certain amount of absolute ethyl alcohol in proportion for stirring flocculation to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
Sampling the prepared three-layer composite material plate, and respectively performing end grinding test, wherein the model of an end grinding tester is as follows: MSU-1 end face friction wear testing machine, lubrication mode: pre-greasing, test conditions: test speed: 0.2m/s, test load: the initial load is 20MPa, the initial load is increased by 5MPa every 5min, the initial load is increased to 40MPa, and the test time is 181min. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 end mill test results for the composites of comparative examples 1-7 and examples 1-3
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From the end mill test results, it can be seen that the friction coefficients and the abrasion loss results of comparative example 1 and example 1 are not greatly different, but the abrasion loss of comparative example 1 is significantly larger than that of example 1, which may be caused by the dispersibility of untreated aramid fibers in the composite material and the poor compatibility with other components.
As can be seen from the results of the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss of comparative examples 2, 3 and 1, when the nano-alumina treated with the silane coupling agent is added, the distribution of the average friction coefficient of the composite material becomes loaded, the fluctuation of the friction coefficient is reduced, and the abrasion loss of the composite material is greatly reduced, because the addition of the inorganic nano-alumina plays a role in reinforcing and toughening, and meanwhile, a stable transfer film is formed on the dual surface in the friction process, so that the abrasion loss is greatly reduced. As can be seen from comparative examples 2 and 3, the direct addition of the alumina nanoparticles resulted in a widening of the friction coefficient distribution of the composite material, and the abrasion amount of the material was not improved, which was caused by the agglomeration of the alumina nanoparticles in the composite material due to uneven dispersion.
As can be seen from the values of the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss of comparative example 4 and example 1, the friction coefficient of the composite material to which no inorganic salt was added was low, but the abrasion loss was high. This is because the polytetrafluoroethylene is not adhesive, and the transfer film formed on the mating surface during the rubbing process has poor bonding force with the mating surface, and the transfer film is easily discharged during the rubbing process, resulting in a large abrasion loss of the composite material.
And respectively preparing the prepared three-layer composite material plates into shaft sleeves with the same model for test, wherein the tests comprise a PV test and a static pressure test.
The PV test is carried out on an MPV-40 standard PV tester, the lubrication mode is pre-greasing, and the test conditions are as follows: the test load is 35MPa, the test speed is 0.08m/s, and the test time is 30min. The test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 PV test results for the composites of comparative examples 1-7 and examples 1-3
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The static pressure test is carried out on a microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester, and the test load is 300MPa. The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 static pressure test results for the composite materials of comparative examples 1-7 and examples 1-3
| Material numbering | Permanent set (mm) |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.012 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.016 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.013 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.020 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.018 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.008 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.008 |
| Example 1 | 0.011 |
| Example 2 | 0.009 |
| Example 3 | 0.009 |
From the analysis of the composite material performance test results, it can be seen from the test results of comparative example 1 and example 1 that the friction coefficient and the permanent deformation amount are not greatly different, but the abrasion amount of comparative example 1 is significantly larger than that of example 1, which may be caused by the dispersibility of untreated aramid fibers in the composite material and the poor compatibility with other components.
As can be seen from the test results of comparative examples 2, 3 and 1, when the nano-alumina treated with the silane coupling agent is added, the average friction coefficient of the composite material is narrowed, the permanent deformation amount is reduced, and the abrasion amount of the composite material is greatly reduced, because the addition of the inorganic nano-alumina plays a role in reinforcing and toughening, and meanwhile, a stable transfer film is formed on the dual surface in the friction process, so that the abrasion amount is greatly reduced. As can be seen from comparative examples 2 and 3, the direct addition of the alumina nanoparticles resulted in a widening of the friction coefficient distribution of the composite material, a reduction in the permanent set of the composite material, but no improvement in the abrasion loss of the material, which was probably caused by the agglomeration of the alumina nanoparticles in the composite material.
As can be seen from the test results of comparative example 4 and example 1, the composite material to which no inorganic salt was added had a low coefficient of friction, but the amount of permanent deformation and the amount of wear were high. The inorganic salt is added to raise the strength of the composite material, raise the bearing capacity of the composite material, and react with polytetrafluoroethylene physically and chemically in the dual surface to form transfer film with high binding force and raise the wear resistance of the composite material.
As can be seen from the test results of comparative example 5 and example 1, the friction coefficient of the composite material to which the perfluoroethylene propylene was not added was slightly lowered, but the abrasion amount and compression set amount of the composite material were large, which was caused by the non-tackiness and infusibility of polytetrafluoroethylene, resulting in poor internal bonding force of the composite material.
As can be seen from the test results of comparative examples 6, 7 and 1, the addition of excessive inorganic salt or inorganic nanoparticles reduced the amount of permanent deformation of the composite material and improved the strength of the surface composite material. However, the friction coefficient and the abrasion loss of the composite material are increased, the compatibility of the inorganic salt and the inorganic nano particles with the polytetrafluoroethylene material is poor, and the addition of excessive inorganic salt or inorganic nano particles greatly reduces the internal binding force of the composite material, so that the abrasion loss of the composite material is increased.
As can be seen from the test results of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the three-layer composite material prepared according to the formulation ratio of the present invention has low friction coefficient, abrasion loss and compression set. The three-layer composite material prepared according to the formula proportion of the invention has lower friction coefficient and abrasion loss, and simultaneously has higher bearing capacity.
The embodiments are described above in order to facilitate the understanding and application of the present application by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments and that the general principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of inventive faculty. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to the embodiments herein, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, may make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A friction reducing and wear resistant composition comprising, on a weight basis:
50-75% of polytetrafluoroethylene;
10-25% of reinforcing fiber;
5-20% of thermoplastic polymer filler;
3-5% of inorganic salt;
and 1-3% of inorganic nano particles.
2. A friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition according to claim 1, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene is polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion and polytetrafluoroethylene suspension powder, and the polytetrafluoroethylene has a particle size of 80 to 120 μm.
3. A friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing fiber is one or more of an aramid fiber powder and a polyphenylene sulfide fiber powder, the fiber powder having a particle size of 60 to 120 μm;
preferably, the reinforcing fiber is a fiber subjected to surface treatment to remove the electrostatic effect on the surface of the fiber;
preferably, the thermoplastic polymer filler is poly (perfluoroethylene propylene), and the particle size of the poly (perfluoroethylene propylene) is 8-12 mu m;
preferably, the inorganic salt is an inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 The particle size of the inorganic filler is 8-12 mu m;
preferably, the inorganic nano particles are one or more of nano alumina, nano silicon dioxide and nano titanium dioxide, and the particle size of the nano particles is 10-30 nm;
preferably, the inorganic nanoparticles are inorganic nanoparticles treated with a silane coupling agent.
4. A friction reducing and wear resistant composition according to claim 1, wherein the friction reducing and wear resistant composition comprises, on a weight basis: 70% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 10% of aramid fiber, 5% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber, 10% of perfluoroethylene propylene, 2% of inorganic magnesium salt and CaF 2 2% of powder and 1% of nano silicon dioxide powder.
5. A friction-reducing and wear-resistant composite material comprising a metal substrate, a spherical porous copper powder layer sintered to the surface of the metal substrate, and a friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition layer embedded in the pores of the copper powder and covering the copper powder surface, the friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition layer being made of a friction-reducing and wear-resistant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The friction-reducing wear-resistant composite material according to claim 5, wherein the metal substrate is one of a low-carbon steel plate, a high-strength steel plate and a copper plate;
preferably, the copper powder of the copper powder layer is copper-tin alloy or other copper alloy, and the particle size is 80-120 meshes;
preferably, the porosity of the copper powder layer is 35-50%;
preferably, the thickness of the antifriction and wear-resistant composite material layer is 0.01-0.10 mm.
7. A method of preparing a friction reducing and wear resistant composite material according to claim 5 or 6, said method comprising the steps of:
step S1: preparing spreadable daub, uniformly mixing the components of the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composition to obtain a powder mixture, and flocculating the powder mixture and polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion in an organic solvent to obtain the daub;
Step S2: sintering copper powder particles on a metal substrate, and obtaining the metal substrate containing copper powder under the protection atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the sintering temperature is 850-930 ℃ and the sintering time is 10-30 min;
step S3: spreading and rolling the prepared cement on the metal substrate containing copper powder to obtain a metal substrate containing a cement layer, wherein the thickness of the cement layer is 0.01-0.10 mm;
step S4: heating the metal substrate containing the cement layer until the solvent in the cement is completely dried, so as to obtain a composite board;
step S5: rough rolling, namely rolling the composite board for the first time, wherein the rolling quantity is 0.01-0.10 mm, and obtaining the rolled composite board;
step S6: sintering the rolled composite board under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a sintered composite board, wherein the sintering temperature is 350-395 ℃, the sintering time is 30-60 min, and the purity of the nitrogen is over 99.9 percent;
step S7: and rolling the sintered second plate for the second time to the thickness required by the plate to obtain the friction-reducing and wear-resisting composite material.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S1, the organic solvent is one of acetone, ethanol, propanol, and the like, which are miscible with water;
Preferably, in step S4, the drying temperature is 180 to 250 ℃ and the drying time is 30 to 60 minutes.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein step S1 comprises: mixing polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, inorganic salt, thermoplastic polymer filler and inorganic nano particles in a predetermined weight ratio to form a uniformly mixed powder mixture; and weighing a certain amount of PTFE emulsion according to a proportion, adding the powder mixture, stirring, adding a certain amount of organic solvent after stirring uniformly, and stirring and flocculating to obtain the cement with moderate hardness.
10. Use of a friction-reducing wear-resistant composite material according to claim 5 or 6 for the preparation of a bushing material.
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| CN117447798B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-03-19 | 季华实验室 | PTFE composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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