CN116535184A - 硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料及保温板 - Google Patents
硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料及保温板 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
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- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
本发明公开一种硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料及保温板，具体涉及建筑节能材料的保温材料技术领域，所述保温板材料成份按重量份包括：硅质矿物5‑125份、胶粘剂50‑110份、矿物激发剂50‑280份、添加剂2‑20份、增强剂纤维0.5‑10份、骨料5‑30份、水35‑70份；保温板在生产过程中内衬双层热镀锌钢丝网，采用固定模箱、铺料、压缩、硫化反应成型，再经修边切割，养护形成产品，主要用于现浇混凝土结构施工时，作为外侧的免拆模板使用，亦可在保温结构一体化的PC墙板、楼板制作时作为底模板应用，使保温材料和混凝土主墙体结合成有机整体，进而实现墙体和保温同步施工的墙体系统。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑节能材料的保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料及保温板。
背景技术
目前市场上多数保温板是以聚苯乙烯树脂为原料加上其他的原辅料与聚合物，挤塑压出成型而制造的硬质泡沫保温板，其存在易燃、易空鼓脱落等缺点，且多数保温材料及系统已被多地政府禁用。为促进建筑行业装配式混凝土建筑和建筑节能协同发展，实现低碳建筑的可持续发展。为满足国家及地方关于建筑业节能减排要求，本司以技术创新为引领，推进建筑保温与结构一体化技术，研发硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料。其具备防火性能更高，燃烧等级能达到A级，并具有市面上无机/有机保温材料所不具备的高抗拉强度、高抗压强度，低导热系数。通过利用专用连接件将保温材料置于预制混凝土墙体中，或利用保温板反打一体化预制、保温板一体化现浇等安全、可靠技术，使保温材料和混凝土主墙体结合成有机整体，进而实现保温和墙体同步施工的保温系统。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的缺陷和不足，提供硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料。
本发明所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其组成成份按重量份计包括如下：
进一步地，所述硅质矿物包括二氧化硅、海泡石、活性微硅粉、消石灰中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述硅质矿物包括二氧化硅和消石灰；所述二氧化硅和消石灰的重量比115-120:5-10份。
进一步地，所述骨料包括石墨聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒、聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒、陶瓷微珠、研磨酚醛颗粒中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述胶粘剂包括α石膏、快干水泥、氧化钙、粉煤灰中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述矿物激发剂包括氟硅酸镁、轻烧氧化镁、七水硫酸镁、硅酸钠、氟硅酸钠中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述添加剂包括甲酸钙。
进一步地，所述增强剂包括混凝土固化剂、萘系减水剂、防水剂、可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、石墨、发泡剂中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述增强剂包括混凝土固化剂、石墨、发泡剂。
本发明还提供一种所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料制备保温板的方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将硅质矿物、胶粘剂、矿物激发剂、添加剂、增强剂预混合均匀，制备成粉体胶凝材料；然后将胶凝材料和水混合成浆料；浆料和骨料进一步搅拌均匀，形成混合原料；
S2、在模具中内嵌热镀锌钢丝网，将混合原料铺料至模具中，施压、加温，形成半成品板；
S3、对半成品板进行冷却定型，形成初始板；
S4、对初始板进行养护切割处理，形成成品保温板。
所述加温的温度为100-110摄氏度，时间为1-3小时。加热温度过高，时间过短，会导致保温板表面抗压强度和拉伸粘结强度会降低。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明中通过添加矿物激发剂，促使硅质无机材料在定压、恒温状态下，较短时间内形成固态高强蜂窝状结构，包裹骨料。
2、本发明所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，在生产过程中因需内衬双层热镀锌钢丝网，采用固定模箱、铺料、压缩、硫化反应成型，再经修边切割，养护形成产品，主要用于现浇混凝土结构施工时，作为外侧的免拆模板使用，亦可在保温结构一体化的PC墙板、楼板制作时作为底模板应用，使保温材料和混凝土主墙体结合成有机整体，进而实现墙体和保温同步施工的墙体系统。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干调整和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明各个实施例使用的材料具体说明如下：
二氧化硅：又称硅石，购自河南义翔新材料有限公司
粉煤灰：C类高钙灰，购自浙江长兴华信电力实业总公司
发泡剂：碳酸钙，购自长兴华业化工有限公司
混凝土固化剂：上海固特建材有限公司
石墨聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒：无锡兴达化工国贸有限公司
聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒：无锡兴达化工国贸有限公司。
实施例1-2
实施例1-2涉及一种硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料及其尤其制备保温板的方法。所述实施例1-2的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料的组分及用量如表1所示。
表1(单位：重量份数)
实施例1-2所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料制备保温板的方法如下：
S1备料：将硅质矿物、胶粘剂、矿物激发剂、添加剂、增强剂按照表1进行备料，预混合均匀，制备成粉体胶凝材料；然后将胶凝材料和水混合成浆料；浆料和骨料进一步搅拌均匀，形成混合原料；
S2铺料压制：取制备保温板的模具，将混合原料铺料至模具中，内嵌双层热镀锌钢丝网，施压0.2MPa、105℃加温1-3小时，形成半成品板；
S3对半成品板进行冷却定型，形成初始板；
S4对初始板进行养护切割处理，形成成品保温板。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于：步骤S1具体为：
将硅质矿物、胶粘剂、矿物激发剂、添加剂、增强剂、骨料、水直接混合搅拌均匀形成混合原料。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于，硅质矿物包括：
消石灰 0份
二氧化硅 125份。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的区别在于，硅质矿物包括：
消石灰 125份
二氧化硅 0份。
性能测试例
1、测试方法
将实施例1-2及对比例1-3的保温板材料制备成保温板(对比例1-3制备保温板的方法同实施例1)，并测试其抗压强度、抗拉强度、导热系数、防火等级；测试标准如下：
抗压强度:GB/T 5486—2008《无机硬质绝热制品试验方法》；
抗拉强度:据JGJ144-2019《外墙外保温工程技术标准》；
导热系数:GB/T 10294-2008《绝热材料稳态热阻及有关特性的测定防护热板法》；
防火等级:GB 8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》。
2、测试结果
见表2
| 抗压强度 | 抗拉强度 | 导热系数 | 防火等级 | |
| 实施例1 | 0.52 | 0.31 | 0.053 | A(A2) |
| 实施例2 | 0.42 | 0.24 | 0.054 | A(A2) |
| 对比例1 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.054 | A(A2) |
| 对比例2 | 0.33 | 0.22 | 0.054 | A(A2) |
| 对比例3 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.054 | A(A2) |
通过大量试验检测的数据表明，本发明的保温板的抗压强度为0.30MPa以上，抗拉强度0.20MPa以上，导热系数0.055W/(m·K)以下，防火等级不低于A2级。
本发明中，石墨改性或普通聚苯乙烯颗粒及轻质硅质颗粒为骨料，采用特有的硅质矿物材料适配胶粘剂、增强剂、激发剂等，通过设备进行预发泡、制浆、混合、内嵌双层热镀锌钢丝网、加热发泡、平板硫化、冷却成型并经养护，再通过修整等工艺制成的具有不燃特性的保温板材。主要用于现浇混凝土结构施工时，作为外侧的免拆模板使用，亦可在保温结构一体化的PC墙板、楼板制作时作为底模板应用。
本发明中的保温板在具有高效的保温效果的同时，防火性能更高，燃烧等级能达到A(A2)级，并具有市面上无机/有机保温材料所不具备的高抗拉强度、高抗压强度，低导热系数。
本发明的保温板通过利用专用连接件将保温材料置于预制混凝土墙体中，或利用保温板反打一体化预制、保温板一体化现浇等安全、可靠技术，使保温材料和混凝土主墙体结合成有机整体，进而实现墙体和保温同步施工的墙体系统。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，其组成成分按重量份计包括如下：
2.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述硅质矿物包括二氧化硅、海泡石、活性微硅粉、消石灰中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述硅质矿物包括二氧化硅和消石灰；所述二氧化硅和消石灰的重量比115-120:5-10。
4.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述骨料包括石墨聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒、聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒、陶瓷微珠、研磨酚醛颗粒中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述胶粘剂包括α石膏、快干水泥、氧化钙、粉煤灰中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述矿物激发剂包括氟硅酸镁、轻烧氧化镁、七水硫酸镁、硅酸钠、氟硅酸钠中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述添加剂包括甲酸钙。
8.根据权利要求1所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料，其特征在于，所述增强剂包括混凝土固化剂、萘系减水剂、防水剂、可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、石墨、发泡剂中的至少一种。
9.一种由权利要求1-8中任一项所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料制备保温板的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1、将硅质矿物、胶粘剂、矿物激发剂、添加剂、增强剂预混合均匀，制备成粉体胶凝材料；然后将胶凝材料和水混合成浆料；浆料和骨料进一步搅拌均匀，形成混合原料；
S2、在模具中内嵌热镀锌钢丝网，将混合原料铺料至模具中，施压、加温，形成半成品板；
S3、对半成品板进行冷却定型，形成初始板；
S4、对初始板进行养护切割处理，形成成品保温板。
10.根据权利要求9所述的硅质石墨改性保温与结构一体化保温板材料制备保温板的方法，其特征在于，所述加温的温度为100-110摄氏度，时间为1-3小时。
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| CN212896893U (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-04-06 | 上海圣奎塑业有限公司 | 用于硅墨烯保温板的限位部件及包含其的硅墨烯保温板 |
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| CN109956726A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 上海圣奎塑业有限公司 | 一种硅墨烯原料组合物及柔性硅墨烯保温板 |
| CN111350287A (zh) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-30 | 上海圣奎新型建材有限公司 | 用于硅墨烯保温板的限位部件及包含其的硅墨烯保温板 |
| CN212896893U (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-04-06 | 上海圣奎塑业有限公司 | 用于硅墨烯保温板的限位部件及包含其的硅墨烯保温板 |
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