CN116525893B - Control method for prolonging service life of fuel cell system - Google Patents
Control method for prolonging service life of fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116525893B CN116525893B CN202310732494.1A CN202310732494A CN116525893B CN 116525893 B CN116525893 B CN 116525893B CN 202310732494 A CN202310732494 A CN 202310732494A CN 116525893 B CN116525893 B CN 116525893B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell control systems, and particularly discloses a control method for prolonging service life of a fuel cell system. The invention provides a control method for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell system, which prolongs the service life of the fuel cell by reducing frequent voltage change of the fuel cell system in the frequent dynamic working condition circulation process and by controlling the speed of reducing loading or unloading. In the invention, the loading rate of the fuel cell is reduced by the control strategy in the loading process, and the irreversible damage to parts and stacks caused by signal response lag of auxiliary parts of the fuel cell system can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell control systems, and particularly relates to a control method for prolonging service life of a fuel cell system.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device capable of directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy without combustion, has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, low noise, capability of being quickly started at low temperature and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of automobiles, standby power supplies and the like. In actual operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the output power of the fuel cell will vary with the load due to different operation conditions, and particularly, the dynamic circulation conditions of the hydrogen fuel cell system are more frequent when the hydrogen fuel cell system is loaded into an automobile. Under the frequent dynamic load cycle working condition of the fuel cell, the single potential of the fuel cell is frequently changed between 0.6 and 0.9V, so that the fuel cell needs to bear hundreds of thousands of potential dynamic cycles in the life cycle of the fuel cell system. Frequent changes in the potential in the fuel cell will accelerate the decay of the stack assembly, mainly including rapid decay of bipolar plates, gas diffusion layers, catalysts and proton exchange membrane performance. The system loading load-reducing speed is too fast, and the accelerated attenuation of the performance of the electric pile component is easy to be caused. Particularly, at the moment of loading the fuel cell system, the response speed of the air supply system lags behind the loaded electric signal, so that the air quantity required by the cathode side of the fuel cell is insufficient in a short time, namely, cathode air starvation phenomenon occurs, the phenomenon directly causes the voltage of the electric pile to be instantaneously reduced, counter-electrode occurs when the voltage of the electric pile is seriously reduced, hydrogen is generated at the air side, and local hot spots are formed, so that the electric pile is failed.
At present, the power change of the fuel cell also commonly adopts a fast load pulling or fast load reducing mode, the mode accelerates the attenuation of the core components of the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the response speed of the auxiliary components of the system is not up to the load/load reducing speed, so that the response delay of the auxiliary components is caused, the output power of the fuel cell system is directly influenced, and the fuel cell and the components are irreversibly damaged. Therefore, it is important to increase the service life of the fuel cell by adopting an effective control strategy during the actual operation of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a control method for improving the service life of a fuel cell system, by reducing frequent voltage changes of the fuel cell system during frequent dynamic working condition cycles and by controlling the rate of load reduction or load reduction, the service life of the fuel cell is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows.
A control method for improving service life of fuel cell system is characterized in that after the fuel cell system is started, the fuel cell system is loaded to rated power P1, when the system receives a terminal load-reducing instruction and the terminal sends out a lower power P2 demand, the system does not carry out load-reducing control within a certain time T1, and the rated power P1 is still maintained to run. At this time, the redundant output power (P2-P1) of the fuel cell system charges the external power battery, and the redundant power of the fuel cell system is carried by the external power battery. If the duration of the load reduction requirement of the terminal exceeds T1, the system is detected to still operate at lower power P2, at the moment, the system reduces the power to the final required power P2 of the terminal by reducing the load at a smaller load reduction rate V1, and in the load reduction process, the fuel cell system outputs redundant power to charge an external power cell to recover the energy until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to P2.
After the fuel cell system is started, loading the fuel cell system to rated power P1, when the system receives a terminal loading instruction and sends out a larger power P3 demand, the system does not carry out loading control within a certain time T2, still maintains the rated power P1 to run, and the external power battery is used for supplementing the required power (P3-P1) preferentially so as to quickly reach the terminal power demand; if the loading demand duration of the terminal exceeds T2, the system loads the pull-up power to the final required power P3 of the terminal at a smaller loading rate V2, and in the loading process, the required power of the external power battery is correspondingly reduced along with the increase of the output power of the fuel battery until the output power of the external power battery is 0.
In the invention, the whole vehicle controller controls the direct current converter by controlling the fuel cell controller, and the fuel cell controller respectively controls the fuel cell system, the power battery and the load (shown in figure 1).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. through the improvement of the control method of the fuel cell system, the fuel cell is operated at rated power more, so that frequent changes of the single potential of the fuel cell between 0.6 and 0.9V caused by frequent dynamic working condition circulation are reduced, the performance attenuation of the core components of the fuel cell system is slowed down, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged;
2. by matching with an external power battery and a control strategy of a fuel battery system, the load-reducing/loading rate of the fuel battery in the load-reducing/loading process is effectively reduced, and performance attenuation of fuel battery components caused by frequent and rapid load-reducing/load-pulling is avoided;
3. in the loading process of the fuel cell, the loading rate of the fuel cell is reduced by the control strategy, and the irreversible damage to parts and stacks caused by signal response lag of auxiliary parts of the fuel cell system can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell control flow;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fuel cell load reduction control method;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a fuel cell load control method;
FIG. 4 is a plot of fuel cell load shedding process power;
fig. 5 is a graph of fuel cell loading process power variation.
Detailed Description
In the following description, technical solutions are set forth in connection with specific illustrations in order to provide a full understanding of the present application. This application may be carried out in a number of ways other than those herein set forth, and similar embodiments would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure.
Example 1
(1) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal load reducing instruction is received and the terminal sends out a lower power 70kW demand, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15 seconds, and the rated power is still maintained to run at 100 kW;
(2) The fuel cell system receives a terminal load reducing instruction, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15s, the redundant power output by the fuel cell system in the process is 30kW, an external power battery is charged, and the redundant capacity is recovered by the external power battery;
(3) If the fuel cell system receives a terminal load reduction instruction and the terminal load reduction demand duration exceeds 15s, detecting that the system is still in lower power 70kW operation, and reducing the power to the final required power 70kW of the terminal by the system at a lower load reduction rate of 5A/s;
(4) In the load reduction process of the fuel cell system, the output redundant power also charges an external power battery, and energy recovery is carried out until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to 70kW;
(5) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal loading instruction is received and the terminal sends out a higher power 130kW demand, the system does not carry out load reduction control within 15 seconds, and still maintains the rated power to operate at 100 kW;
(6) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, the system does not carry out loading control within 15 seconds, still maintains rated power to run at 100kW, and the external power battery is used for supplementing the required power by 30kW preferentially;
(7) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, if the duration of the terminal loading requirement exceeds 15s, the system is detected to be still in operation with higher power of 130kW, and the system is loaded at a smaller loading rate of 5A/s at the moment, so that the power is increased to 130kW which is finally required by the terminal;
(8) In the loading process of the fuel cell system, along with the increase of the output power of the fuel cell, the required power of the external power cell is correspondingly and continuously reduced until the output power of the external power cell is 0.
The load reduction process of the fuel cell is shown in fig. 4, after the fuel cell system is started, the system is loaded to rated power of 100kW for operation, an instruction of reducing the power to 70kW is received in the operation process, the system maintains 100kW for operation within 15s after the load reduction instruction is received, and after the load reduction speed exceeds 15s, the system is reduced to 70kW at the load reduction speed of 5A/s. And the system receives the load reducing instruction until the power is reduced to 70kW, and the redundant energy in the process of reducing the power is recovered by the power battery.
The loading process of the fuel cell is shown in fig. 5, after the fuel cell system is started, the system is loaded to rated power of 100kW for operation, an instruction of increasing the power to 130kW is received in the operation process, the system maintains 100kW for 15s after receiving the loading instruction, and after exceeding 15s, the system is loaded to 130kW at a loading rate of 5A/s. Insufficient power is provided by the power cell during the load command received by the system to power up to 130kW.
Example 2
(1) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal load reducing instruction is received and the terminal sends out a lower power 70kW demand, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 20 seconds, and the rated power is still maintained to run at 100 kW;
(2) The fuel cell system receives a terminal load reducing instruction, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 20s, the redundant power output by the fuel cell system in the process is 30kW, an external power battery is charged, and the redundant capacity is recovered by the external power battery;
(3) If the fuel cell system receives a terminal load reduction instruction and the terminal load reduction demand duration exceeds 20s, detecting that the system is still in lower power 70kW operation, and reducing the power to the final required power 70kW of the terminal by the system at a lower load reduction rate of 5A/s;
(4) In the load reduction process of the fuel cell system, the output redundant power also charges an external power battery, and energy recovery is carried out until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to 70kW;
(5) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal loading instruction is received and the terminal sends out a higher power 130kW demand, the system does not carry out load reduction control within 20 seconds, and still maintains the rated power to operate at 100 kW;
(6) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, the system does not carry out loading control within 20 seconds, still maintains rated power to run at 100kW, and the external power battery is used for supplementing the required power to 30kW preferentially;
(7) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, if the duration of the terminal loading requirement exceeds 20s, the system is detected to be still in operation with higher power of 130kW, and the system is loaded at a smaller loading rate of 5A/s at the moment, so that the power is increased to 130kW which is finally required by the terminal;
(8) In the loading process of the fuel cell system, along with the increase of the output power of the fuel cell, the required power of the external power cell is correspondingly and continuously reduced until the output power of the external power cell is 0.
Example 3
(1) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal load reducing instruction is received and the terminal sends out a lower power 70kW demand, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15 seconds, and the rated power is still maintained to run at 100 kW;
(2) The fuel cell system receives a terminal load reducing instruction, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15s, the redundant power output by the fuel cell system in the process is 30kW, an external power battery is charged, and the redundant capacity is recovered by the external power battery;
(3) If the fuel cell system receives a terminal load reduction instruction and the terminal load reduction demand duration exceeds 15s, detecting that the system is still in lower power 70kW operation, and reducing the power to the final required power 70kW of the terminal by the system at the lower load reduction rate of 10A/s;
(4) In the load reduction process of the fuel cell system, the output redundant power also charges an external power battery, and energy recovery is carried out until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to 70kW;
(5) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal loading instruction is received and the terminal sends out a higher power 130kW demand, the system does not carry out load reduction control within 15 seconds, and still maintains the rated power to operate at 100 kW;
(6) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, the system does not carry out loading control within 15 seconds, still maintains rated power to run at 100kW, and the external power battery is used for supplementing the required power by 30kW preferentially;
(7) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, if the duration of the terminal loading requirement exceeds 15s, the system is detected to be still running at a higher power of 130kW, and the system is loaded at a smaller loading rate of 10A/s at the moment, so that the power is increased to 130kW which is finally required by the terminal;
(8) In the loading process of the fuel cell system, along with the increase of the output power of the fuel cell, the required power of the external power cell is correspondingly and continuously reduced until the output power of the external power cell is 0.
Example 4
(1) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, and when a terminal load reducing instruction is received and the terminal sends out a lower power 80kW demand, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15 seconds, and the rated power is still maintained to run at 100 kW;
(2) The fuel cell system receives a terminal load reducing instruction, the system does not carry out load reducing control within 15s, the redundant power 20kW output by the fuel cell system in the process charges an external power battery, and the external power battery recovers the redundant capacity;
(3) The fuel cell system receives a terminal load reduction instruction, if the duration of the terminal load reduction requirement exceeds 15s, the system is detected to be still in operation with lower power of 80kW, and at the moment, the system reduces the power to the final required power of 80kW by carrying out load reduction at a lower load reduction rate of 5A/s;
(4) In the load reduction process of the fuel cell system, the output redundant power also charges an external power battery, and energy recovery is carried out until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to 80kW;
(5) The rated power of the fuel cell system works at 100kW, when a terminal loading instruction is received and the terminal sends out a higher power 120kW demand, the system does not carry out load reduction control within 15 seconds, and the rated power is still maintained to run at 100 kW;
(6) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, the system does not carry out loading control within 15 seconds, still maintains rated power to run at 100kW, and the external power battery is used for supplementing required power to 20kW preferentially;
(7) The fuel cell system receives a terminal loading instruction, if the duration of the terminal loading requirement exceeds 15s, the system is detected to still operate at a higher power of 120kW, and at the moment, the system is loaded at a smaller loading rate of 5A/s to increase the power to 120kW which is finally required by the terminal;
(8) In the loading process of the fuel cell system, along with the increase of the output power of the fuel cell, the required power of the external power cell is correspondingly and continuously reduced until the output power of the external power cell is 0.
The terminology used in the description presented herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description. As used in this specification, one or more embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present specification refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Claims (1)
1. A control method for improving the life of a fuel cell system, comprising the steps of:
after the fuel cell system is started, loading the fuel cell system to the rated power P1, and when the system receives a terminal load reduction instruction and the terminal sends out a lower power P2 demand, the system does not carry out load reduction control within a certain time T1 and still maintains the rated power P1 to operate; at this time, the redundant output power P2-P1 of the fuel cell system charges the external power battery, and the redundant power of the fuel cell system is carried by the external power battery; if the duration of the load reduction requirement of the terminal exceeds T1, detecting that the system is still in a lower power P2 operation, reducing the power to the final required power P2 of the terminal by the system at a lower load reduction rate V1, and charging an external power battery by the fuel cell system in the load reduction process by the redundant power output by the fuel cell system, so as to perform energy recovery until the output power of the fuel cell is reduced to P2;
after the fuel cell system is started, loading the fuel cell system to rated power P1, when the system receives a terminal loading instruction and sends out a larger power P3 demand, the system does not carry out loading control within a certain time T2, still maintains the rated power P1 to run, and the external power battery is used for supplementing the required power P3-P1 preferentially so as to quickly reach the terminal power demand; if the loading demand duration of the terminal exceeds T2, loading and lifting power to the final required power P3 of the terminal by the system at a smaller loading rate V2, and correspondingly reducing the required power of the external power battery along with the improvement of the output power of the fuel battery in the loading process until the output power of the external power battery is 0;
P1-P2≥5kW，10≤T1≤20s；
0＜V1＜10A/s；
P3-P1≥5kW，10≤T2≤20s；
0＜V2＜10A/s。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6787259B2 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-09-07 | Metallic Power, Inc. | Secondary power source for use in a back-up power system |
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- 2023-06-20 CN CN202310732494.1A patent/CN116525893B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101132071A (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2008-02-27 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Testing method for accelerative checking service life of fuel cell |
| CN101593994A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-12-02 | 武汉银泰科技燃料电池有限公司 | The method for stabilizing voltage of fuel cell of no DC-DC converter and fuel cell system |
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