CN111546946A - Method for improving operating characteristics of fuel cell under light load - Google Patents
Method for improving operating characteristics of fuel cell under light load Download PDFInfo
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- CN111546946A CN111546946A CN202010403003.5A CN202010403003A CN111546946A CN 111546946 A CN111546946 A CN 111546946A CN 202010403003 A CN202010403003 A CN 202010403003A CN 111546946 A CN111546946 A CN 111546946A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002842 PtOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the working characteristics of a fuel cell under light load, wherein a fuel cell system comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC (direct current/direct current), an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein the gas circuit and liquid circuit system provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is the core of energy conversion and converts the chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the DC/DC supplies power to the load and charges the auxiliary battery, the auxiliary battery is used for providing an initial energy starting system for the whole system, the auxiliary electric pile outputs power together for the load and stores redundant energy, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system; the method can avoid the problems that the auxiliary battery is fully charged when the vehicle is at a constant speed and a low speed for a long time, the electric pile has to work under a low load, the current is reduced, the voltage is increased, and the output performance is reduced, and can obviously improve the performance of the battery and obviously prolong the service life of the electric pile.
Description
[ technical field ]
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly relates to a method for improving the working characteristics of a fuel cell under light load.
[ background art ]
At present, the hydrogen fuel cell has a tendency to be applied to automobiles on a large scale, but the power output characteristic of the hydrogen fuel cell and the load characteristic of the automobile during operation are respectively characterized. The hydrogen fuel cell has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, strong conversion capability of used power, cleanness, silence and the like. The service life of a fuel cell can reach decades if it is in its optimal operating condition range. However, automobiles are heavily loaded, requiring several times or even ten times more power than when driving at a normal constant speed, at engine start-up and acceleration of travel. And even when the vehicle is running at a constant speed, the difference between the required power for high-speed running and the required power for low-speed running is very large. Therefore, driving a vehicle with a fuel cell, such vehicle load characteristics pose a great challenge to the fuel cell. Since the fuel cell has an adverse effect on its service life in the case of an excessively large or excessively small load.
When the fuel cell is operated at a low load, the current density is reduced, and the voltage of the single cell is increased, for example, higher than 0.8V, so that a series of problems affecting the stability of the output performance occur. At this time, Pt in the fuel cell catalyst is gradually oxidized into PtOx, which causes a decrease in output performance over a long period of operation; secondly, in such a low current density operation, the generation of water in the fuel cell is relatively small, the humidity of the reaction layer becomes low, the proton membrane conduction resistance increases, the cell output performance gradually decreases, and the stable operation is adversely affected. Therefore, not only is the fuel efficiency low, but also the generated PtOx is one of the key factors that reduce the operating life of the proton membrane of the fuel cell at the low output performance.
[ summary of the invention ]
The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned deficiencies and providing a method for improving the operating characteristics of a fuel cell under light load, which can avoid the problems of the fuel cell under low load operation that the current density is reduced, the output performance of the fuel cell is gradually reduced, and the adverse effect is caused to the stable operation.
The fuel cell system comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC, an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein the gas circuit and liquid circuit system is connected with the electric pile and provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is an energy conversion core and converts chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the output end of the electric pile is connected with the DC/DC, the DC/DC is respectively connected with the auxiliary battery and the automobile load, the DC/DC is used for converting unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage which is matched with and stable with the automobile load and supplies power to the automobile load and charges the auxiliary battery, and the automobile load comprises an automobile motor and a power consumption part of a circuit, the auxiliary battery is used for providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, the auxiliary galvanic pile outputs power for the automobile load at the same time, and stores redundant energy to participate in driving the automobile load during high output, the gas-path and liquid-path system, the galvanic pile, the DC/DC, the auxiliary battery and the automobile load are respectively connected with the controller, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system and enables the whole system to operate orderly; the control method comprises the following steps that when the automobile runs at a constant speed or a low speed for a long time, the controller controls the DC/DC to be fully charged for the auxiliary battery, the electric pile works under a low load to reduce the performance of the fuel cell, and at the moment, the controller is utilized to control the gas circuit and liquid circuit system to reduce the air intake amount and increase the output current so as to keep the total output voltage of the battery from obviously changing; due to the increase of the current, the voltage of the battery single chip is reduced, so that the oxidized Pt catalyst is effectively reduced; and because of the increase of the current, the water amount generated by the internal reaction of the fuel cell is increased, the humidity of the reaction layer is increased, and the conduction resistance of the proton membrane is reduced; and finally, when the air supply is recovered to be normal, the output current of the battery is reduced by using the controller, so that the battery is recovered to the initial proper low-power output working range.
The invention also provides a method for improving the working characteristics of a fuel cell under light load, wherein a fuel cell system of the fuel cell comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC, an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein the gas circuit and liquid circuit system is connected with the electric pile, the gas circuit and liquid circuit system provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is an energy conversion core and converts the chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the output end of the electric pile is connected with the DC/DC, the DC/DC is respectively connected with the auxiliary battery and the automobile load, the DC/DC is used for converting unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage which is matched with and stable with the automobile load to supply power for the automobile load and charge the auxiliary battery, the automobile load is a power consumption part comprising an automobile motor and a circuit, and the auxiliary battery is used for providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, meanwhile, the auxiliary electric pile outputs power for the automobile load together and stores redundant energy to participate in driving the automobile load during high output, the gas-path and liquid-path system, the electric pile, the DC/DC, the auxiliary battery and the automobile load are respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system and enables the whole system to operate orderly; when the auxiliary battery is normally charged, the charging is stopped before the auxiliary battery is fully charged, so that a margin is left; when the load is light for a long time, under the condition of not changing the gas flow of a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, the load current is increased for a short time; the increased output of the fuel cell can charge the auxiliary battery for a short time; when the electric pile increases the charging current, the voltage of the fuel cell single sheet is reduced, so that the oxidized Pt catalyst is effectively reduced, and the electric pile recovers the initial output performance in a short time; after the electric pile enters a low-load state and is output for a period of time, the battery enters a performance reduction state again, the charging current is increased for a short time by the recycling controller, and the electric pile can be ensured not to work in a low-performance working range for a long time by circulating the process.
Further, the control method increases the output power caused by increasing the load current, and the part of the electric energy is used for increasing the circulation rate of the automobile to the cooling system so as to reduce the temperature of the battery and keep the actual driving power of the automobile from the fuel battery stable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the working characteristics of a fuel cell under light load, which can avoid the problem that the output performance is reduced due to the fact that an auxiliary battery is fully charged when a vehicle is at constant speed and low speed for a long time, and the current of a galvanic pile is reduced and the voltage is increased when the galvanic pile has to work under low load, and the control method can obviously improve the performance of the cell, and after the control, the cell voltage works in a more ideal voltage area, as shown in attached figures 2 and 3, and the method for reducing the air inflow can obviously reduce the consumption of hydrogen, so that the service life of the galvanic pile can be obviously prolonged, and finally, the problems that the current density is reduced when the fuel cell works under low load, the output performance of the cell is gradually reduced, and adverse effects are caused to stable operation are solved, and the method is worthy of popularization and application.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a fuel cell system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the fuel cell operating time and cell output power of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell operating time versus cell voltage of the present invention.
[ detailed description of the invention ]
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention provides a method for improving the working characteristics of a fuel cell under light load, which comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC, an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein the connection mode of each part is shown in figure 1, the gas circuit and liquid circuit system is connected with the electric pile and provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is an energy conversion core and converts the chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the output end of the electric pile is connected with the DC/DC, the DC/DC is respectively connected with the auxiliary battery and the automobile load, the DC/DC is used for converting unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage which is matched with and stable with the automobile load to supply power for the automobile load and charge the power consumption auxiliary battery, the automobile load is a part comprising an automobile motor and a circuit, and the auxiliary battery is used for providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, meanwhile, the auxiliary galvanic pile outputs power for the automobile load together and stores redundant energy to participate in driving the automobile load during high output, the gas-path and liquid-path system, the galvanic pile, the DC/DC, the auxiliary battery and the automobile load are respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system and enables the whole system to operate orderly.
That is, the respective components of the vehicular hydrogen fuel cell system function as: the gas circuit and liquid circuit system provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the galvanic pile; the electric pile is the core of energy conversion, and converts the chemical energy of the hydrogen fuel into electric energy; the DC/DC converts the unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage which is matched with the load and stable to supply power for the load, and the DC/DC also has the function of charging an auxiliary battery; the auxiliary battery has the first function of providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, the second function of outputting power for the load by the auxiliary electric pile, and the third function of storing redundant energy and participating in driving the automobile load at high output; the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system, so that the whole system can operate orderly; the automobile load is the power consumption parts of an automobile motor, a circuit and the like.
The specific working process is as follows: under the conventional condition, when the automobile is started or accelerated, the load is heavier, and the controller controls the DC/DC and the auxiliary battery to simultaneously supply power to the load; when the automobile is in a constant speed or runs downhill, the load is light, and the controller controls the DC/DC to supply power to the automobile and charge the auxiliary battery to supplement energy, so that the output of the galvanic pile works in a relatively suitable area, and the performance of the galvanic pile is ensured to be normally exerted. However, in a special situation, such as a constant speed and a low speed for a long time, the auxiliary battery is fully charged, and at this time, the stack has to operate under a low load, the current of the stack decreases, and the voltage of the stack increases, which causes the aforementioned problem of the decrease in the output performance.
The first method is that when the automobile runs at constant speed or low speed for a long time and the controller controls the DC/DC to fully charge the auxiliary battery, and the electric pile has to work under low load to reduce the performance of the fuel cell, the controller can be used to control the gas circuit and liquid circuit system to reduce the air intake and increase the output current to keep the total output voltage of the battery from changing obviously. But now the cell monolith voltage has been lowered due to the increase in current and the oxidized Pt catalyst can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, due to the increase of the current, the amount of water generated by the internal reaction of the fuel cell is increased, the humidity of the reaction layer is increased, the conduction resistance of the proton membrane is reduced, and the output performance of the cell is gradually improved. When the air supply is recovered to normal, the output current of the battery is reduced, and the battery can be recovered to the initial proper low-power output working range.
The second method is that when the auxiliary battery is normally charged, the charging is stopped before the auxiliary battery is fully charged, so that a margin is left; when the load is light for a long time, under the condition of not changing the gas flow of a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, the load current is increased for a short time; the increased output of the fuel cell can charge the auxiliary battery for a short time; when the charge current of the electric pile is increased, the voltage of the fuel cell single piece is reduced, so that the oxidized Pt catalyst can be effectively reduced, and the electric pile can recover the initial output performance in a short time. After the galvanic pile enters a low-load state and is output for a period of time, the battery can enter a performance reduction state, the charging current can be increased for a short time at the moment, and the cycle is repeated, so that the galvanic pile can be ensured not to work in a low-performance working range for a long time, the energy efficiency is improved, the performance and the service life of the battery are not influenced, or the influence degree can be reduced at least. In addition, the output power is increased due to the increase of the load current, and the part of electric energy can also be used for increasing the circulation rate of the automobile to a cooling system and reducing the temperature of the battery, so that the actual driving power of the fuel battery to the automobile is kept stable.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of improving the operating characteristics of a fuel cell at light loads, characterized by: the fuel cell system comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC, an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein,
the gas circuit and liquid circuit system is connected with the electric pile, provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is an energy conversion core and converts chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the output end of the electric pile is connected with a DC/DC (direct current/direct current), the DC/DC is respectively connected with an auxiliary battery and an automobile load, the DC/DC is used for converting unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage matched and stable with the automobile load to supply power for the automobile load and charge the auxiliary battery, the automobile load is a power consumption part comprising an automobile motor and a circuit, the auxiliary battery is used for providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, the auxiliary electric pile outputs power for the automobile load simultaneously and stores redundant energy to participate in driving the automobile load during high output, and the gas circuit and liquid circuit system, The electric pile, the DC/DC, the auxiliary battery and the automobile load are respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system and enables the whole system to operate orderly;
the control method comprises the following steps that when the automobile runs at a constant speed or a low speed for a long time, the controller controls the DC/DC to be fully charged for the auxiliary battery, the electric pile works under a low load to reduce the performance of the fuel cell, and at the moment, the controller is utilized to control the gas circuit and liquid circuit system to reduce the air intake amount and increase the output current so as to keep the total output voltage of the battery from obviously changing; due to the increase of the current, the voltage of the battery single chip is reduced, so that the oxidized Pt catalyst is effectively reduced; and because of the increase of the current, the water amount generated by the internal reaction of the fuel cell is increased, the humidity of the reaction layer is increased, and the conduction resistance of the proton membrane is reduced; and finally, when the air supply is recovered to be normal, the output current of the battery is reduced by using the controller, so that the battery is recovered to the initial proper low-power output working range.
2. A method of improving the operating characteristics of a fuel cell at light loads, characterized by: the fuel cell system comprises a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, an electric pile, a DC/DC, an auxiliary battery, an automobile load and a controller, wherein,
the gas circuit and liquid circuit system is connected with the electric pile, provides hydrogen, air and cooling liquid for the electric pile, the electric pile is an energy conversion core and converts chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electric energy, the output end of the electric pile is connected with a DC/DC (direct current/direct current), the DC/DC is respectively connected with an auxiliary battery and an automobile load, the DC/DC is used for converting unstable voltage output by the electric pile to form voltage matched and stable with the automobile load to supply power for the automobile load and charge the auxiliary battery, the automobile load is a power consumption part comprising an automobile motor and a circuit, the auxiliary battery is used for providing initial energy for the whole system to start the system, the auxiliary electric pile outputs power for the automobile load simultaneously and stores redundant energy to participate in driving the automobile load during high output, and the gas circuit and liquid circuit system, The electric pile, the DC/DC, the auxiliary battery and the automobile load are respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is a monitoring center and a control center of the whole system and enables the whole system to operate orderly;
when the auxiliary battery is normally charged, the charging is stopped before the auxiliary battery is fully charged, so that a margin is left; when the load is light for a long time, under the condition of not changing the gas flow of a gas circuit and liquid circuit system, the load current is increased for a short time; the increased output of the fuel cell can charge the auxiliary battery for a short time; when the electric pile increases the charging current, the voltage of the fuel cell single sheet is reduced, so that the oxidized Pt catalyst is effectively reduced, and the electric pile recovers the initial output performance in a short time; after the electric pile enters a low-load state and is output for a period of time, the battery enters a performance reduction state again, the charging current is increased for a short time by the recycling controller, and the electric pile can be ensured not to work in a low-performance working range for a long time by circulating the process.
3. A method for improving the operating characteristics of a fuel cell at light load according to claim 2, wherein: the control method increases the output power caused by increasing the load current, and the part of electric energy is used for increasing the circulation multiplying power of the automobile to the cooling system so as to reduce the temperature of the battery and keep the actual driving power of the fuel battery to the automobile stable.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113654233A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-16 | 电子科技大学 | Combined system and method of fuel cell and air energy water heater |
| CN114744245A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-07-12 | 北京国家新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Modularized fuel cell system and vehicle |
| CN114937795A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-23 | 清华大学 | Method for widening working domain of solid oxide fuel cell system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113654233A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-16 | 电子科技大学 | Combined system and method of fuel cell and air energy water heater |
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| CN114937795A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-23 | 清华大学 | Method for widening working domain of solid oxide fuel cell system |
| CN114937795B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-03-12 | 清华大学 | Method for widening working range of solid oxide fuel cell system |
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Denomination of invention: A method to improve the operating characteristics of fuel cells under light loads Granted publication date: 20230922 Pledgee: Shanghai Bank Co.,Ltd. Fengxian Branch Pledgor: Shanghai yihydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980014943 |