CN116519344A - Hanging basket deformation testing method and testing device thereof - Google Patents
Hanging basket deformation testing method and testing device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116519344A CN116519344A CN202310192903.3A CN202310192903A CN116519344A CN 116519344 A CN116519344 A CN 116519344A CN 202310192903 A CN202310192903 A CN 202310192903A CN 116519344 A CN116519344 A CN 116519344A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/24—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids in closed containers partially filled with liquid so as to leave a gas bubble
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/062—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with mechanical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0033—Weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0605—Mechanical indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hanging basket deformation testing method and a testing device thereof, which solve the problems of insufficient measurement precision and higher requirements on the geographical environment of the lower side of a hanging basket in the prior art, wherein 6 identical hanging basket deformation testing devices (A) are adopted in the testing method; the lifting device comprises a nut (1), a gasket (2), a lifting bolt (3), 2 identical copper rings (4), a steel wire rope (5) and a lifting weight (6), wherein the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope is tightly connected with the lifting bolt (3) through the copper rings (4), and the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope is tightly connected with the lifting weight (6) through a second copper ring (4); the hanging basket deformation testing method comprises the following steps: 1) Assembling a hanging basket; 2) Erecting a level gauge; 3) Installing a hanging basket deformation monitoring device (A); 4) S before pre-pressing of hanging basket 1 Scale mark height Cheng DouA number; 5) S after hanging basket prepressing 2 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark; 6) S after hanging basket unloading 3 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark; 7) And determining the deformation of the hanging basket.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring method for concrete bridge cantilever pouring construction, in particular to a method and a device for testing hanging basket deformation in the concrete bridge cantilever pouring construction process.
Background
The cantilever pouring construction method is a construction method that working platforms are arranged on two sides of a pier, cement concrete beams are poured into the cantilever in a balanced section-by-section manner, and prestress is applied section by section. The main equipment involved in the cantilever casting construction method is a pair of hanging baskets capable of walking, the hanging baskets move on beam sections which are already tensioned and anchored and are connected with the pier body into a whole, binding reinforcing steel bars, erecting a mould, casting concrete and applying prestress are all carried out on the hanging baskets, and after the current section construction is completed, the hanging baskets are symmetrically and forwards cantilever casting construction until midspan closure is achieved. In order to ensure smooth line type and even internal force distribution of the bridge after the bridge is folded in each span, the monitoring in the bridge cantilever pouring construction process is particularly important. The construction monitoring is to perform simulation calculation on the construction process of the whole bridge through finite element software to obtain the construction accumulated deformation of each section of the bridge in the cantilever pouring construction process, and then to obtain the formwork erection elevation of each section of the bridge in the cantilever pouring construction process through correlation calculation according to the actual deformation of the formwork before and after the load pre-pressing of the hanging basket obtained in the bridge cantilever pouring construction site. The formwork erection elevation refers to the elevation of the basket hanging template before the bridge pouring, and the monitoring key point in the bridge cantilever pouring construction process is the formwork erection elevation of each section. The pre-pressing of the hanging basket is to pre-press the hanging basket with equivalent load by using sand bags, water tanks and the like to obtain the linear relation between the elastic deformation and the load of the hanging basket, eliminate the inelastic deformation of the hanging basket, and the testing of the deformation of the templates of the hanging basket before and after pre-pressing is the key point in the monitoring of the pouring construction of the bridge cantilever.
The deformation test method of the existing basket hanging template before and after load preloading mainly comprises the following steps:
total station prism observation method
The required instruments are a high-precision total station, a tripod, a total station prism and a centering rod. The total station is a high-technology measuring instrument integrating light, mechanical and electrical, and is a surveying instrument system integrating horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance (inclined distance and flat distance) and height difference measuring functions. The working principle of the total station is that the total station emits infrared rays, the infrared rays are reflected by a prism of the total station, received by the total station and calculated by an electronic element in the total station, and the purposes of ranging and angle measurement are achieved. When testing the elevation before and after the pre-pressing of the hanging basket template, a stand point with wide visual field and firm ground is selected, a tripod is stably set up on the stand point, and then the total station is arranged on the tripod and is centered and leveled. The total station prism is arranged on a centering rod, a leveling bubble is arranged on the centering rod, the centering rod with the total station prism is placed at a control point with a known elevation coordinate, an operator holds the centering rod so that the bottom of the centering rod is propped against the control point, and the centering rod is kept in a vertical state by observing the leveling bubble on the centering rod. Another total station prism was mounted on the centering rod and then the bottom of the centering rod was abutted against the basket template where the deformation was to be tested. After the total station is adjusted horizontally and the two centering rods are in a vertical state, the total station prism on the centering rods is observed by the total station respectively, and the data observed on the total station are recorded, so that the elevation of the hanging basket to-be-measured template positions before and after pre-pressing can be calculated through the principle of triangular elevation measurement.
The method has the following problems: when the total station is used for observation, the fine focusing screw of the total station is required to be manually adjusted, so that the cross wires in the ocular are aligned to the center of the total station prism, and then reading is carried out. And the further the horizontal distance between the total station and the total station prism, the greater the error it produces. And secondly, the larger the vertical included angle between the total station and the total station prism is, the larger the error of the test result is.
Steel ruler transmission observation method
The required instruments are a steel tape, a level gauge, a tower ruler with a level bubble and a tripod. The principle of leveling by using a level gauge is as follows: the leveling measurement is to directly measure the height difference between two points on the ground by using the horizontal sight provided by the leveling instrument and by means of a staff with scales, and then calculate the height of an unknown point according to the known point height and the measured height difference. When the elevation of the hanging basket template is measured, firstly, a tower ruler and a level gauge are used for guiding the elevation at a known elevation control point to the lower part of a to-be-measured point of the hanging basket template through a closed level route method, and the elevation at the point is marked and recorded and named as a temporary elevation control point. When the elevation test of the hanging basket template is carried out, an operator presses the starting end (0 scale end) of the steel tape at the position to be tested of the hanging basket template, then throws the steel tape downwards, and when the steel tape throwing end is close to the ground or above a construction bridge deck, another operator catches the steel tape throwing end and pulls the steel tape throwing end downwards vertically so that the starting end of the steel tape and the steel tape in the middle part of the throwing end keep a tight and vertical state. After the body of the middle part of the steel tape is tightened and stabilized and kept in a vertical state, an operator stands the tower ruler with the level bubble on the temporary elevation control point and keeps the tower ruler in a vertical state. The tripod is erected on a solid ground capable of simultaneously observing the scales on the steel tape body and the scales on the tower ruler on the temporary elevation control point, and then leveling operation is carried out on the leveling instrument. After leveling the leveling instrument, adjusting the observation direction of the leveling instrument, respectively reading out scales corresponding to the leveling instrument cross wires on the body of the tower ruler and the body of the steel tape ruler, and then obtaining the elevation of the to-be-measured point of the hanging basket template through a leveling principle.
The test method has the following problems: the blade of the middle part of the steel tape cannot be accurately ensured to be in a vertical state. If the blade of the steel tape is curved, not vertical, due to an operator or weather conditions, a large error occurs. In windy weather, the steel tape body part cannot be kept stable under the action of wind, and larger interference and error can be brought to observation.
Three dial gauge measuring method
The required instrument is a dial indicator, a steel wire rope, a copper ring, a heavy hammer and a steel wire rope fixing device and a dial indicator fixing device. The testing process of the testing method comprises the following steps: determining the position to be measured of the hanging basket template; the steel wire rope fixing device is stuck to the position to be tested of the template by using glue; connecting the steel wire rope with a steel wire rope fixing device through a copper ring; the other end of the steel wire rope is lowered to the vicinity of the ground, and the steel wire rope is connected with the heavy hammer through the copper ring; placing a dial indicator fixing device below the heavy hammer, and adjusting the height of the heavy hammer to enable the heavy hammer to be located on the dial indicator; the number of turns of the dial indicator before and after pre-pressing is recorded.
The method has the following problems: if the geographical environment below the hanging basket is bad, such as when the hanging basket is in a water area, a construction bridge or a traffic channel, the test method cannot be implemented. The method comprises the following steps: the dial indicator fixing device cannot be erected when the water area is arranged below the hanging basket; the shaking of the construction temporary bridge before and after the pre-pressing of the hanging basket when the temporary bridge is constructed is larger in interference to the test result; when the traffic is carried below the hanging basket, the traffic can not be sealed for a long time, and even if the road is sealed, the intensive vehicles coming and going can interfere with the testing precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient measurement precision and high requirements on the geographical environment below a hanging basket in the prior art, and provides a hanging basket deformation testing method and a testing device thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the hanging basket deformation testing method comprises the following steps:
1) Assembling a hanging basket;
2) Erecting a level gauge;
3) Installing a hanging basket deformation testing device;
4) S before pre-pressing of hanging basket 1 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
5) S after hanging basket prepressing 2 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
6) S after hanging basket unloading 3 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
7) And determining the deformation of the hanging basket.
The assembly hanging basket in the technical scheme is as follows:
1) And (3) installing a running rail:
the number of the running rails is 2 in each group, running rail cushion beams are paved on the top plate of the 0# box girder, the adjacent two running rail cushion beams are equidistant along the longitudinal bridge direction, the running rail cushion beams are perpendicular to the web plate of the 0# box girder, the running rails are paved on the running rail cushion beams, the running rails are perpendicular to the rail cushion beams, and the running rails are connected with the top plate of the 0# box girder through finish rolling deformed steel bars and washers and nuts matched with the finish rolling deformed steel bars;
2) And (3) installing a main truss:
the main trusses are hung on the running track and are arranged on the running track through the back-buckling wheel sets, and the main trusses are in rolling connection with the running track;
3) After installation, the suspender is:
the rear suspenders are divided into two groups, namely, two groups on the left side and two groups on the right side, 2 rear suspenders of each group are symmetrically distributed along the transverse bridge direction relative to the longitudinal bridge axial line, the upper ends of the 2 rear suspenders (12) with the same structure are fixed on a top plate on one side of the 0# box girder through gaskets and nuts, the lower ends of the 2 rear suspenders with the same structure are fixedly connected with two ends of a rear lower cross beam through gaskets and nuts, and the rotation axes of the 2 rear suspenders with the same structure are vertical to the top plate of the 0# box girder;
4) And (3) mounting a rear lower beam:
the number of the rear lower cross beams is 2, and one rear lower cross beam is arranged on the left side and the right side; the rear suspender is inserted into the through holes at the two ends of the rear lower cross beam, the downward extending ends of the rear suspender from the two ends of the lower cross beam are connected with the finish rolling threaded steel matched nuts and the rear lower cross beam by adopting a steel plate with holes, the rear lower cross beam is in a horizontal state, and the rear lower cross beam is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the bridge;
5) Upper beam before installation:
2 front upper cross beams are arranged, 1 basket is hung on each of the left side and the right side, the front upper cross beams are hoisted to the upper surface of a horizontal No. 1 prefabricated steel beam at the middle upper end of the 2 main trusses, the front upper cross beams are perpendicular to the 2 main trusses at the same side, and the contact parts of the front upper cross beams and the 2 main trusses are welded;
6) Boom before installation:
the front suspender is divided into 2 groups, namely, one group is arranged on the left side and the right side, and 4 groups are arranged in each group; the front suspender is inserted into a through hole on the front upper cross beam from bottom to top, the extending end of the front suspender in the through hole of the front upper cross beam is connected with the front upper cross beam through a steel plate with holes and a nut matched with finish rolling screw steel, the front suspender is in a vertical state, the front suspender is positioned on the same straight line along the transverse bridge direction, the lower end of the front suspender is positioned on the same height, and the lower end of the front suspender is connected with the front lower cross beam;
7) Lower beam before installation:
the number of the front lower cross beams is 2, and one front lower cross beam is arranged on the left side and the right side of the front lower cross beam; the front lower cross beam is hoisted to be right below the front boom, then the front boom is inserted into a through hole on the front lower cross beam from top to bottom, the extending end in the through hole of the front lower cross beam is connected with the front lower cross beam through a steel plate with holes and a matched nut of finish rolling screw steel, the front lower cross beam is in a horizontal state, the front lower cross beam is right below the front upper cross beam, the front lower cross beam is parallel to the rear lower cross beam, the two ends of the front lower cross beam and the two ends of the rear lower cross beam are respectively aligned, the front lower cross beam is higher than the rear lower cross beam, and the ratio of the height difference to the horizontal distance is the gradient of a basket bottom template of the current pouring section;
8) And (3) mounting a bottom plate longitudinal beam:
the number of the bottom plate longitudinal beams is two, the number of the bottom plate longitudinal beams is one on the left side and the right side, and 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged in each group; the bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged on the front lower cross beam and the rear lower cross beam one by one, the bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged along the longitudinal bridge direction, the bottom plate longitudinal beams, the front lower cross beam and the rear lower cross beam are mutually perpendicular, the transverse bridge direction spacing of 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams on each side is 30cm according to the spacing below the web plate, and the rest position spacing is 50 cm; the longitudinal beams of the bottom plates on the same side are positioned in the same plane, and the front ends and the rear ends of the longitudinal bridges of the longitudinal beams of the bottom plates are respectively positioned on the same straight line; the bottom plate longitudinal beam is connected with the front lower cross beam and the rear lower cross beam in a welding mode;
9) Installing a hanging basket bottom template:
the number of the hanging basket bottom templates is two, and 1 is arranged on the left side and the right side respectively; the basket hanging bottom template is arranged on the bottom plate longitudinal beam, so that the longitudinal direction of the basket hanging bottom template is in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the width of the basket hanging bottom template is aligned with the bottom plate width boundary of the 0# box girder, and the basket hanging bottom template is connected with the bottom plate longitudinal beam in a welding mode;
10 Mounting a hanging basket side template):
the basket hanging side templates are divided into two groups, namely a left group and a right group, and each group is divided into 2 pieces; the thickness of a steel plate adopted by the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template, the longitudinal bridge length of the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template, the installed hanging basket side template is tightly attached to the outer side of a web plate and the outer side of a flange plate of a bridge, and 1 hanging basket bottom template and 2 hanging basket side templates on the same side of a bridge pier are welded together;
The erection level in the technical scheme means:
1) Setting a temporary level control point
The known elevation of the national elevation control point is led to the vicinity of a construction site and marked as a temporary leveling control point, a professional measurement team is required to operate according to a leveling measurement principle, and the temporary leveling control point is required to have wide vision and can observe the whole construction of the bridge;
2) Level gauge
Vertically standing a staff with a level on the temporary level control point, and manually adjusting the staff until the level on the staff is centered to be in a centered state;
the method comprises the steps of selecting a visual field to be wide, observing solid ground of a tower ruler and a hanging basket at the same time, stably standing a tripod on the ground, adjusting the tripod to be stable, installing a level with the model number of the Leica NAK2 on the tripod, and leveling the level.
The installation hanging basket deformation testing device in the technical scheme is as follows:
1) Drilling holes at a position to be monitored of the hanging basket bottom template:
firstly, determining a point to be detected on a hanging basket bottom template;
drilling holes at the position to be tested of the hanging basket bottom template after the point to be tested is selected, wherein the diameter of the drilled holes is 1-5 mm larger than the diameter of the screw rod of the eye bolt and smaller than the diameter of the bolt head of the eye bolt, so that the screw rod of the eye bolt can be inserted into the drilled holes from bottom to top and left in the drilled holes;
2) Installing an eye bolt:
inserting a screw rod of the eye bolt into a drilling hole at a position to be detected on the hanging basket bottom template from bottom to top, sleeving a gasket on the screw rod of the eye bolt extending out of the hanging basket bottom template, sleeving a nut matched with the eye bolt on the screw rod of the eye bolt extending out of the gasket, and screwing the nut until the eye bolt is tightly connected with the hanging basket bottom template;
3) Connecting the upper end of the steel wire rope with an eye bolt:
after the upper end of the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the copper ring and the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting bolt from bottom to top, the upper end of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the copper ring again from top to bottom, when the length of the upper end of the steel wire rope passing through the copper ring exceeds the lower edge of the copper ring by 1 cm to 5cm, the copper ring is pinched by pliers, so that the copper ring and the steel wire rope in the copper ring are fastened without relative sliding;
4) Connecting the lower end of a steel wire with a lifting ring heavy hammer:
placing another copper ring right above the lifting ring in the lifting ring heavy hammer, enabling the lower end of the steel wire rope to sequentially penetrate through the copper ring and the lifting ring inner hole on the lifting ring heavy hammer from top to bottom, enabling the lower end of the steel wire rope to penetrate through the copper ring inner hole again from bottom to top, adjusting the height of the lifting ring heavy hammer, enabling scales on the lifting ring heavy hammer to be in an observation range of a level gauge, enabling the lower end length of the steel wire rope to exceed the upper edge of the copper ring by 1-5 cm, and pinching the flat copper ring to be fastened between the steel wire rope and the inner wall of the copper ring by pliers without relative sliding;
Under the action of gravity, the lifting ring heavy hammer is vertical to the horizontal plane, and the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer is parallel to the horizontal plane.
S before hanging basket prepressing 1 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
the deformation of the bottom templates of the hanging basket on the same side is taken as the average value of the deformation measured by the 3 hanging basket deformation measuring devices:
adjusting the level to the visual angle, and observing the scale marks on the tower ruler and the lifting ring heavy hammer at the same time;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 Before pre-pressing the hanging basket, observing the reading of a tower ruler erected on a temporary level control point through a level gauge, and recording the reading as H 1 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer, and marking the scale mark as S 1 S is then 1 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 1 ；
The front 6 hanging basket deformation monitoring devices for hanging basket prepressing all need to read, and the process is as described above.
S after hanging basket prepressing 2 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
1) Hanging basket prepressing
The pre-pressing of the hanging basket is needed to be symmetrically performed, namely the hanging baskets on the two sides are pre-pressed simultaneously, the maximum section weight of the bridge is equivalently replaced by the load of a sand bag or a water bag, then the bridge is uniformly and stepwise applied to the bottom template of the hanging basket, the weight of the applied sand bag or water bag is 80%,100% and 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge, and when the applied load reaches 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the bottom template of the hanging basket does not continue to deform within 24 hours, the bridge can be unloaded step by step;
2) S after prepressing 2 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
When the weight of the applied sand bag or water bag reaches 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the hanging basket does not continue to deform within 24 hours, reading can be carried out on the hanging basket deformation monitoring device;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 When the load of 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge is pre-pressed by the hanging basket and the bottom template of the hanging basket does not continue to deform within 24 hours, measuring the read number of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point by a level gauge, and recording the read number on the tower ruler as H 2 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale on the lifting ring heavy hammer, and marking the scale as S 2 S is then 2 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 2 。
S after hanging basket unloading 3 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
1) Unloading of hanging basket
Lifting the sand bags or the water bags from the hanging basket step by using a crane, and unloading and loading in reverse order;
2) S after unloading 3 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
After the load on the hanging basket is unloaded, the bottom template of the hanging basket is stable and does not deform, and reading is carried out again on the hanging basket deformation monitoring device;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 The reading of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point is observed through a level gauge, and the reading is recorded as H 3 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer, and marking the scale mark as S 3 S is then 3 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 3 。
The deformation of the determined hanging basket in the technical scheme is as follows:
1) Elastic deformation at hanging basket monitoring position
S on hanging basket pre-pressing front hanging ring heavy hammer 1 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 1 After 120% of the maximum section of the bridge with the pre-pressed hanging basket is stable for 24 hours and does not deform, S on the heavy hammer of the hanging ring 2 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 2 The elevation of the S1 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer is H 0 +H 2 +S 1 -S 2 So the sum of the elastic deformation and the plastic deformation of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 2 +S 2 -S 1 ；
After the basket bottom template is stable and does not deform after the basket is unloaded, the elevation of the S3 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer is H 0 +H 3 At the moment, the elevation of the S1 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer is H 0 +H 3 +S 1 -S 3 Elastic deformation of the position to be monitored of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 3 +S 3 -S 1 ；
2) Plastic deformation at basket monitoring location
The plastic deformation at the hanging basket monitoring position is the difference between the elevation of the S1 scale mark after the hanging basket bottom template is not deformed and the elevation of the S1 scale mark after the unloading is stabilized within 24 hours when the weight of 120% of the maximum section of the hanging basket prepressing bridge is stable, and is specifically H 3 -H 2 +S 2 -S 3 。
The hanging basket deformation testing device used in the hanging basket deformation testing method comprises a nut, a flat washer, a lifting bolt, 2 copper rings with the same structure, a steel wire rope and a lifting ring heavy hammer;
The nut is a hollow metal piece with a hexagonal prism shape, an internal thread is arranged on a central hole of the nut, and the inner diameter of the nut is the same as the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt; the flat washer is a circular metal piece, and the inner diameter of the flat washer is larger than the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt and smaller than the diameter of a bolt head on the eye bolt; the lifting bolt is formed by integrally manufacturing a screw rod, a bolt head and a lifting ring by adopting a quenching process, the lifting ring is a circular steel ring piece, the bottom end of the steel ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the bolt head, the rotation axis of the steel ring is vertically intersected with the symmetry axis of the bolt head, the bolt head is a cylindrical steel piece, and the diameter of the bolt head is larger than the diameter of the screw rod and smaller than the inner diameter of the lifting ring; the screw is a cylinder with external threads; the copper ring is a ring-shaped copper member, the inner diameter of the copper ring can ensure that 2 steel wire ropes are inserted smoothly and simultaneously, the wall thickness of the copper ring is 1-2 mm, and the height of the copper ring is 1-2 cm; the steel strand is made of 304 stainless steel, and the standard part is 1.2mm in specification, namely 1.2mm in diameter; the lifting ring heavy hammer consists of a main body and a lifting ring, wherein the lifting ring heavy hammer is made of 304 stainless steel and is a non-standard piece, the main body is a cylinder with scale marks, in the embodiment, the height of the main body is 20cm, the diameter of the main body is 5cm, and the scale precision on the main body is 1mm; the left ends of the scale marks are aligned, and the measuring range is increased from bottom to top, namely, the 0 scale mark is arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer main body, the 20cm scale mark is arranged on the top surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer main body, and the scale mark is arranged on the main body surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer and is parallel to the horizontal plane; the lifting ring is a stainless steel lifting ring in a circular ring shape, and is arranged above the main body, namely the bottom end of the lifting ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the main body, and the rotation axis of the lifting ring is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the main body; the hanging ring and the top end of the main body are manufactured through an integral pouring method, and scales on the main body are realized through laser imprinting;
After the upper end of the steel wire rope passes through the copper ring and the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting bolt, the upper end of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the copper ring again, and the copper ring is pinched by pliers to tightly connect the steel wire rope with the copper ring; after the lower end of the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the second copper ring and the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting ring heavy hammer, the lower end of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the second copper ring again, and the second copper ring is pinched by pliers to tightly connect the steel wire rope with the lifting ring heavy hammer.
Because the steel wire rope and the lifting ring heavy hammer are in a vertical state under the action of gravity, the scale marks on the main body of the lifting ring heavy hammer are horizontal to the horizontal plane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in theory, the measuring precision of the basket deformation testing method is high, the measuring precision can be controlled within 1mm by directly using a high-precision automatic leveling level by an operator to read, the testing device is always fixed at the position to be tested of the basket template in the whole pre-pressing process of the basket, the tested basket deformation value is always obtained from the same testing device at the same position, and the measuring precision can be controlled within 1mm, so that the requirements of relevant testing specifications are met;
2. structurally, the testing device adopted by the hanging basket deformation testing method is convenient in material drawing, simple and reasonable in connection and good in external interference resistance;
3. From the compatibility, the hanging basket deformation testing method and the hanging basket deformation testing device are suitable for hanging baskets of various types, can test the deformation of any position of the hanging basket, are suitable for various geographic environments below the hanging basket, and are particularly suitable for river-crossing bridges and highway-crossing bridges.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a connection between a basket deformation testing device and a basket bottom template used in a basket deformation testing method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a connection relationship between a hanging basket deformation testing device and a hanging basket bottom template used in a hanging basket deformation testing method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structural components of a basket deformation testing apparatus used in the basket deformation testing method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram of a method for testing deformation of a hanging basket according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. nut, flat washer, lifting bolt, copper ring, steel wire rope, lifting ring weight, hanging basket bottom template, bottom plate longitudinal beam, front lower cross beam, rear lower cross beam, front boom, rear boom, front upper cross beam, main truss, walking track, 16.0# box girder, bridge pier, hanging basket deformation testing device, upper end of steel wire rope, and lower end of steel wire rope.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 3, a basket deformation testing device a used in the basket deformation testing method of the present invention includes a nut 1, a flat washer 2, an eye bolt 3, 2 copper rings 4 with the same structure, a wire rope 5 and an eye weight 6.
The nut 1 is a fastener which is provided with internal threads and is matched with a bolt for use, the shape of the nut is a hexagonal prism, the material of the nut is 304 stainless steel, the standard is GB/T6170-2000, the model is M20, namely the diameter of the internal threads of the nut is 20mm, and the diameter of the internal threads of the nut 1 is the same as the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt 3.
The flat washer 2 is a circular metal piece, the material of the flat washer is 304 stainless steel, the standard piece is GB/T95-2002, the size of the flat washer is 22mm in inner diameter, 37mm in outer diameter and 3mm in thickness, and the inner diameter of the flat washer is larger than the diameter of a screw of the eye bolt 3 and smaller than the diameter of a bolt head on the eye bolt 3. The flat gasket 2 functions to disperse pressure and protect the connection surface.
The eye bolt 3 is a standard component, the eye bolt 3 consists of a screw rod, a bolt head and an eye ring, and the eye bolt 3 is integrally manufactured by adopting a quenching process. The lifting ring is a ring-shaped steel piece, the bottom end of the steel ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the screw rod, and the rotation axis of the steel ring is perpendicularly intersected with the symmetry axis of the screw rod; the bolt head is a cylindrical steel piece and has a certain height, and the diameter of the bolt head is larger than that of the screw rod and smaller than the inner diameter of the hanging ring; the screw rod is a cylinder with external threads, in the embodiment, the material of the eye bolt 3 is 304 stainless steel, the model is M20X30, namely the length of the screw rod is 30mm, the diameter of the screw rod is 20mm, the inner diameter of the eye ring is 41mm, and the thickness of the eye ring is 15mm;
The eye bolt 3 is used together with the nut 1 and the flat washer 2 to play a role in connection and fixation. The specific connection relation is as follows: drilling a hole at the position to be tested of the hanging basket bottom template 7, wherein the diameter of the drilled hole is 1-5 mm larger than that of a screw rod of the lifting bolt 3, placing a flat washer 2 on the upper surface of the template of the hanging basket bottom template 7, taking out the lifting bolt 3, inserting the screw rod into the drilled hole and the flat washer 2 from bottom to top, taking out a nut 1 and sleeving the nut 1 on the screw rod when the bolt head of the lifting bolt 3 is attached to the lower surface of the position to be tested of the hanging basket bottom template 7, screwing the nut 1 until the lower surface of the nut 1 contacts with the upper surface of the flat washer 2, and continuing to screw the nut 1 to firmly fix the lifting bolt 3 on the hanging basket bottom template 7.
The copper ring 4 is a ring-like ring-shaped copper member, and is made of brass and is a non-standard component, the inner diameter direction of the copper ring 4 is parallel to the horizontal plane when the copper ring is static on the horizontal plane, the height of the copper ring is 1-2 cm, and the wall thickness of the copper ring is 1-2 mm.
The inner diameter of the copper ring 4 can ensure that 2 steel wire ropes 5 are inserted smoothly and simultaneously, and when the 2 steel wire ropes 5 are inserted into the copper ring 4, the copper ring 4 is tightly pinched by pliers until the copper ring 4 is deformed and tightly wraps the steel wire ropes 5, so that the steel wire ropes 5 and the copper ring 4 do not slide;
The steel wire rope 5 is made of 304 stainless steel, standard components are 1.2mm in specification, namely 1.2mm in diameter, the safety bearing is 15 kg, and the length of the steel wire rope 5 is required to be cut according to actual conditions. The wire rope 5 is used for connecting the eye bolt 3 with the eye weight 6 through the copper ring 4.
The connection relation between the steel wire rope 5 and the eye bolt 3 is as follows: the upper end C of the steel wire rope is inserted into the copper ring 4 from bottom to top, then continuously passes through the hanging ring on the hanging ring bolt 3, and then is inserted into the copper ring 4 from top to bottom, the length of the upper end C of the steel wire rope extending out of the bottom end of the copper ring 4 after being inserted into the copper ring 4 is controlled to be 1-5 cm, and the copper ring 4 is pinched by pliers until the steel wire rope 5 inside the copper ring 4 and the inner wall of the copper ring 4 do not slide relatively.
The lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is composed of a main body and a lifting ring, the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is made of 304 stainless steel and is a non-standard piece, the main body is a cylinder with scales, in the embodiment, the height of the cylinder is 20cm, the diameter of the cylinder is 5cm, the scale precision in the main body is 1mm, the left ends of scale marks are aligned, the measuring range is increased from bottom to top, namely, the 0 scale mark is arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 main body, the 20cm scale mark is arranged on the top surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 main body, and the scale marks are arranged on the main body surface of the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 and are parallel to the horizontal plane. The lifting ring is a stainless steel lifting ring in a circular ring shape, and is arranged on the main body of the lifting ring, namely the bottom end of the lifting ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the main body, and the rotation axis of the lifting ring is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the main body; the hanging ring and the top end of the main body are manufactured through an integral pouring method, and scales on the main body are achieved through laser imprinting.
The lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is connected with the steel wire rope 5 through the copper ring 4, and the connection relation is as follows: the D end of the steel wire rope 5 is inserted into the second copper ring 4 with the same structure from top to bottom, then is continuously inserted into the hanging ring on the hanging ring heavy hammer 6, after the hanging ring on the hanging ring heavy hammer 6 is inserted, the D end of the steel wire rope 5 is continuously inserted into the copper ring 4 from bottom to top, the length of the D end of the steel wire rope 5 extending from the top end of the copper ring 4 is controlled to be 1-5 cm, and the copper ring 4 is pinched by pliers until the steel wire rope 5 inside the copper ring 4 and the inner wall of the copper ring 4 do not slide relatively.
The cantilever pouring construction requires a pair of symmetrically arranged diamond hanging baskets; the main structure of the diamond hanging basket comprises bottom templates 7 and 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams 8, a front lower cross beam 9, a rear lower cross beam 10, 4 front suspenders 11 with the same structure, 2 rear suspenders 12 with the same structure, a front upper cross beam 13, 2 side templates with the same structure, 1 set of inner templates, 2 main trusses 14 with the same structure and 2 running tracks 15 with the same structure.
The number of the basket bottom templates 7 is 2, the left side and the right side of the basket bottom templates 7 are respectively rectangular steel plates, the transverse width of the basket bottom templates 7 is the same as the width of the bottom plate of each section of the bridge, the longitudinal length of the basket bottom templates is longer than the longest section of the bridge by 1m, the two basket bottom templates 7 are identical in structure, the width of the basket bottom templates 7 is equal to the width of the bottom plate of the 0# box girder, and the longitudinal bridge length of the basket bottom templates 7 is longer than the longitudinal bridge length between the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 and shorter than the longitudinal bridge length of the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8; the thickness of the steel plate is 6mm, and the basket bottom template 7 is paved on the upper surface of the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 and is connected with the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 in a welding mode.
The bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 are straight rod type steel pipe components with equal rectangular annular sections, each diamond-shaped hanging basket is internally provided with a group of bottom plate longitudinal beams 8, 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged in each group, and the transverse bridge direction distance of each group of bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 is as follows: the transverse bridge spacing below the web plate of the 0# box girder 16 is 30cm, the transverse bridge spacing at the other positions is 50cm, and the length of each group of bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 exceeds the distance between the longitudinal edges of the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 by 20 cm. The bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 is paved on the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 and is mutually perpendicular to the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10, the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 play a supporting role for the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8, and the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 is connected with the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 in a welding mode.
The front lower cross beam 9 is a straight rod type steel pipe component with an equal rectangular annular section, each diamond hanging basket is internally provided with a front lower cross beam 9, two ends of the front lower cross beam 9 are provided with through holes for installing the lower end of a front hanging rod 11, the front lower cross beam 9 has the function of providing front support for the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8, the front lower cross beam 9 is parallel to a horizontal plane, the length direction of the front lower cross beam 9 is vertical to the longitudinal direction of a bridge, the length of the front lower cross beam 9 is longer than the width of the bridge in the transverse direction, and the front hanging rod 11 is connected with the front lower cross beam 9 through special nuts, specifically: the bottom end of the front boom 11 is inserted into a through hole on the front lower cross beam 9 and extends out of the bottom end of the through hole, a matched nut is sleeved at a thread on the extending end of the front boom 11, and the front lower cross beam 9 is in a horizontal state through an adjusting nut.
The rear lower cross beam 10 is a straight rod type steel pipe component with an equal rectangular annular section, each diamond-shaped hanging basket is internally provided with a rear lower cross beam 10, two ends of the rear lower cross beam 10 are provided with through holes for installing the lower end of the rear hanging rod 12, the rear lower cross beam 10 is used for providing rear support for the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8, the length and the section size of the rear lower cross beam 10 are the same as those of the front lower cross beam 9, the rear lower cross beam 10 is lower than the front lower cross beam 9 in space, the height difference between the rear lower cross beam 10 and the front lower cross beam 9 is the bottom plate gradient of the section required to be poured next, and the size of the bottom plate gradient is provided by a design unit. The rear boom 12 and the rear lower cross member 10 are connected in the same manner as the front boom 11 and the front lower cross member 9, that is, fixedly connected by means of special nuts, and the rear lower cross member 10 is adjusted to be kept in a horizontal state.
The front suspenders 11 are straight rod type finish-rolled screw-thread steel, in the embodiment, the front suspenders 11 are finish-rolled screw-thread steel with the diameter of 40mm, each diamond-shaped hanging basket is internally provided with a group of front suspenders 11, 4 front suspenders are distributed at equal intervals along the transverse bridge direction, and the front suspenders 11 are connected with the front upper cross beam 13 and the front lower cross beam 9 through nuts; the front boom 11 is perpendicular to the front lower beam 9 and the front upper beam 13 and perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the front boom 11 serves to connect the front upper cross member 13 and the front lower cross member 9.
The rear suspender 12 is straight-bar type finish-rolled screw thread steel, in the embodiment, the rear suspender 12 is finish-rolled screw thread steel with the diameter of 40mm, a group of rear suspenders 12 are arranged in each diamond-shaped hanging basket, 2 rear suspenders are symmetrically distributed along the transverse bridge direction, the upper end of each rear suspender 12 is connected with the top plate of the 0# box girder 16 through a steel plate with holes, the lower end of each rear suspender 12 is connected with the rear lower cross girder 10 through a gasket and a nut, and the rear suspender 12 plays a role in connecting the rear lower cross girder 10 with the 0# box girder 16.
The front upper cross beam 13 is a straight rod type steel pipe component with an equal rectangular annular section, each diamond-shaped hanging basket is internally provided with a front upper cross beam 13, the front upper cross beam 13 is positioned right above the front lower cross beam 9 in a space position, and the front upper cross beam 13 is connected with one end of the main truss 14 in a welding mode; the front upper cross beam 13 is parallel to the horizontal plane and is vertical to the bridge longitudinal direction, vertical through holes for installing the front boom 11 are formed in two ends of the front upper cross beam 13, namely, a connection point is provided for the front boom 11, the front boom 11 is connected with the front upper cross beam 13 through nuts, and the front upper cross beam 13 transmits the force transmitted by the front boom to the main truss 14.
The main truss 14 is a straight rod type steel pipe component with an equal rectangular annular section, a group of straight rod type steel pipe components are arranged in each diamond hanging basket, 2 pieces of straight rod type steel pipe components are arranged in each group, each main truss 14 is formed by two horizontally parallel No. 1 prefabricated steel beams, two obliquely parallel No. 2 prefabricated steel beams and one vertical No. 3 prefabricated steel beam through bolting and welding, the horizontally No. 1 prefabricated steel beams at the lower end of the main truss 14 are located right above the running track 15, the opposite buckling wheel groups are arranged at two ends of the longitudinal bridge of the main truss 14, the upper parts of the opposite buckling wheel groups are connected to the horizontally No. 1 prefabricated steel beams at the lower end of the main truss 14 through welding, the lower ends of the opposite buckling wheel groups are buckled in grooves of the running track 15, the opposite buckling wheel groups provide support for the main truss 14 in the vertical direction, and the opposite buckling wheel groups play a horizontal sliding role for the main truss 14 along the longitudinal bridge direction. The two main trusses 14 on the same side of the longitudinal bridge are welded and fixed along the transverse bridge direction by adopting steel plate beams, and the running track 15 is connected with finish rolling threaded steel reserved above the top plate of the 0# box girder 16 through nuts, wherein the nuts are special nuts with the height of 10cm and the inner diameter of 4 cm. The main truss 14 is located right above the web plate in the 0# box girder 16 in the space position, and the distance between the 2 trusses in the same group is the transverse bridge direction distance between the two web plates in the 0# box girder 16, and the stability of the 2 main trusses 14 in the same group is enhanced by welding and connecting the two web plates through steel plates.
The running track 15 is a straight rod type steel pipe component with a uniform cross section, the cross section of the running track is formed by splicing edges of two I-steel flange plates, and particularly a rectangular cross section is formed by webs of the two I-steels and upper and lower flange plates on the splicing side, and one side flange plate, which is not spliced by the two I-steels, provides running conditions for the back-buckling wheel set. Each diamond-shaped hanging basket is internally provided with a group of 2 walking rails 15, the length of each group is longer than the length of a horizontal No. 1 prefabricated steel beam at the lower end of the main truss 14 and shorter than half of the longitudinal bridge length of the No. 0 box girder 16, and the transverse bridge distance is the transverse bridge distance between webs of the No. 0 box girder 16; the running track 15 is located on the surface of the upper beam body of the web plate of the 0# box beam 16, and is connected with the upper reserved finish rolling screw thread steel of the top plate of the 0# box beam 16 through a steel plate with holes and nuts. The main truss 14 in the diamond hanging basket is arranged on the running track 15 through the back-buckling wheel set, the running track 15 provides a back-buckling position for the back-buckling wheel set, when the hanging basket moves forward, the back-buckling wheel set can slide forward on the running track 15 to reach a designated position, and then the back-buckling wheel set is fixed.
The side templates are divided into two groups, namely a group on the left side and a group on the right side, and 2 sheets are respectively arranged in each group; the thickness of the steel plate adopted by the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template 7, and the longitudinal bridge length of the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template 7. The welded sideform engages the remainder of the 0# box girder 16 except for the top and bottom outer surface portions, and the bottom of the sideform exceeds the height at which the 0# box girder bottom plate, i.e., the bottommost end of the sideform, is spatially lower than the 0# box girder bottom plate.
The diamond hanging baskets which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the 0# box girder 16, and the 0# box girder 16 is poured on the bridge pier 17;
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the method for testing deformation of the hanging basket comprises the following steps:
1. assembled hanging basket
The sizes of all the components of the hanging basket are designed by a hanging basket design unit according to the length and the weight of each bridge construction section, then the hanging basket production unit is used for producing and performing stability tests according to the structural sizes provided by the design unit, and after the tests pass, the hanging basket can be transported to a construction site for assembly.
1) Mounting running rail
A running rail pad beam is paved on the top plate of the 0# block box beam 16, is perpendicular to the running rail 15, is paved on the top plate of the 0# block box beam 16 at equal intervals along the longitudinal bridge direction, is I-shaped steel, and is 50cm long in the embodiment, and is used for providing support for the running rail 15; the number of the running rails 15 is 2 in each group, the running rails 15 are paved on the running rail pad beams, finish rolling deformed steel bars reserved on the top plate of the 0# box beam 16 are inserted into through holes on the running rails 15, and the running rails 15 and the 0# box beam 16 are connected together through a steel plate with holes and a finish rolling deformed steel bar matched nut;
2) Installation main truss
The main trusses 14 are arranged in two groups of 2 pieces each, and the two groups of main trusses 14 are symmetrically arranged left and right; hoisting the main trusses 14 above the running rails 15 and sitting on the two sets of running rails 15, wherein the two sets of main trusses 14 are connected with the two sets of running rails 15 through a back-buckling wheel set;
3) Post-installation boom
The rear suspender 12 is divided into two groups, namely, two groups on the left side and the right side, 2 rear suspenders 12 of each group are symmetrically distributed along the transverse bridge direction relative to the longitudinal bridge direction axis, the upper ends of the rear suspenders 12 are connected with the top plate of the 0# box girder 16 through a perforated steel plate and finish rolling screw thread steel matched nuts, the lower ends of the 2 rear suspenders 12 with the same structure are fixedly connected with the two ends of the rear lower cross beam 10 through gaskets and nuts, and the connected rear suspenders 12 are in a vertical state;
4) Rear lower beam
The number of the rear lower cross beams 10 is 2, and one is arranged on the left side and the right side; inserting rear suspenders 12 into through holes at two ends of the rear lower cross beam 10, connecting the rear suspenders 12 with finish rolling screw-thread steel matched nuts and the rear lower cross beam 10 by adopting a steel plate with holes and downward extending ends of the two ends of the lower cross beam 10, and adjusting the rear lower cross beam 10 to be in a horizontal state by screwing the finish rolling screw-thread steel matched nuts, wherein the rear lower cross beam 10 is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the bridge;
5) Front upper beam
The number of the front upper cross beams 13 is 2, and one is arranged on the left side and the right side; hoisting the front upper cross beam 13 onto the horizontal No. 1 prefabricated steel beams at the upper ends of the 2 main trusses 14, adjusting the front upper cross beam 13 until the beam length direction of the front upper cross beam is along the transverse bridge direction, namely, the front upper cross beam 13 is perpendicular to the 2 main trusses 14 at the same side, and then welding the contact part of the front upper cross beam 13 and the main trusses 14;
6) Boom before installation
The front suspender 11 is divided into 2 groups, namely, one group is arranged on the left side and the right side, and 4 groups are arranged in each group; inserting a front suspender 11 into a through hole on a front upper cross beam 13 from bottom to top, connecting the front suspender 11 from the extending end in the through hole of the front upper cross beam 13 with a finish rolling screw thread steel matched nut and the front upper cross beam 13 through a steel plate with holes, connecting the connected front suspender 11 with the steel plate with holes, connecting the front suspender 11 with the finish rolling screw thread steel matched nut and the front lower cross beam 9, wherein the front suspender 11 is positioned on the same straight line along the transverse bridge direction, the lower end of the front suspender 11 after being installed is positioned on the same height, and the lower end of the front suspender 11 is connected with the finish rolling screw thread steel matched nut and the front lower cross beam 9 through the steel plate with holes;
7) Front lower beam
The number of the front lower cross beams 9 is 2, and one front lower cross beam is arranged on the left side and the right side; the front lower cross beam 9 is hoisted to be right below the front boom 11, then the front boom 11 is inserted into a through hole on the front lower cross beam 9 from top to bottom, the extending end in the through hole of the front lower cross beam 9 is connected with the front lower cross beam 9 through a steel plate with holes and a finish rolling screw thread steel matched nut, the front lower cross beam 9 is in a horizontal state by an adjusting nut after the front lower cross beam 9 is connected with the front boom 11, the adjusted front lower cross beam 9 is right below the front upper cross beam 13, the front lower cross beam 9 is parallel to the rear lower cross beam 10 along the transverse bridge direction, the two ends of the beam length of the front lower cross beam 9 are respectively aligned, the front lower cross beam 9 is higher than the rear lower cross beam 10, and the ratio of the height difference to the horizontal distance of the front lower cross beam 9 is the gradient of the basket bottom template 7 of the current pouring section;
8) Mounting baseplate longitudinal beam
The number of the bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 is two, one is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side, and 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged in each group; hoisting the bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 onto the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 one by one, arranging the bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 along the longitudinal bridge direction, mutually perpendicular the bottom plate longitudinal beams 8, the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10, wherein the transverse bridge direction spacing of the 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 on each side is 30cm according to the spacing below a web plate, and the rest position spacing is 50 cm; after the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 is installed, the bottom plate longitudinal beams 8 on the same side are positioned in the same plane, and the front end and the rear end of the longitudinal bridge direction of the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 are respectively positioned on the same straight line; after the adjustment of the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 is finished, the bottom plate longitudinal beam is connected with the front lower cross beam 9 and the rear lower cross beam 10 in a welding mode;
9) Bottom template for installing hanging basket
The number of the basket hanging bottom templates 7 is two, and 1 is arranged on the left side and the right side respectively; hoisting the hanging basket bottom template 7 onto the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8, then adjusting the position of the hanging basket bottom template 7 until the longitudinal direction of the hanging basket bottom template 7 is in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the bridge, aligning the width of the hanging basket bottom template 7 with the bottom plate width boundary of the 0# box girder 16, and connecting the hanging basket bottom template 7 onto the bottom plate longitudinal beam 8 in a welding mode after the adjustment is finished;
10 Side template for installing hanging basket
The basket hanging side templates are divided into two groups, namely a left group and a right group, and 2 pieces are respectively arranged in each group; the thickness of a steel plate adopted by the hanging basket side templates is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom templates 7, the longitudinal bridge length of the hanging basket side templates is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom templates 7, the installed hanging basket side templates are tightly attached to the outer side of a web plate and the outer side of a flange plate of a bridge, 1 hanging basket bottom template 7 and 2 hanging basket side templates on the same side of a pier 17 are welded together, the welded templates are called outer templates, and the outer templates are used for providing supporting conditions for the subsequent pouring of concrete;
2. Level gauge
1) Setting a temporary level control point
The known elevation of the national elevation control point is led to the vicinity of a construction site and marked as a temporary leveling control point, a professional measurement team is required to operate according to a leveling measurement principle, and the temporary leveling control point is required to have wide vision and can observe the whole construction of the bridge;
2) Level gauge
Vertically standing a tower ruler with the leveling bubble on the temporary leveling control point, and manually adjusting the tower ruler until the leveling bubble on the tower ruler is in a centered state;
selecting a visual field to be wide, observing solid ground of the tower ruler and the hanging basket at the same time, stably standing the tripod on the ground, adjusting the tripod to be stable, then installing a level with the model of the Leika NAK2 on the tripod, and leveling the level;
3. deformation testing device for mounting hanging basket
1) Drilling holes at a position to be monitored of the hanging basket bottom template:
firstly, determining a to-be-measured point on the hanging basket bottom template 7, and if the length of a concrete section to be poured at present is 4m, selecting a rule for deformation to-be-measured point on the hanging basket bottom template 7 as follows: 3 points are selected along the transverse bridge direction at the position with the horizontal distance of 4m from the tail end of the last stretched concrete segment, 2 points on the outer side are positioned at two ends of the transverse bridge direction of the basket bottom template 7, and 1 point on the inner side is positioned at the center of the transverse bridge direction of the basket bottom template 7;
After the point position is selected, drilling holes are formed in the position to be detected of the hanging basket bottom template 7, wherein the diameter of the drilled holes is 1-5 mm larger than the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt 3 and smaller than the diameter of a bolt head of the eye bolt 3, so that the screw rod of the eye bolt 3 can be inserted into and left in the drilled holes from bottom to top;
2) Installing an eye bolt:
inserting the screw rod of the eye bolt 3 into a hole at a position to be detected on the hanging basket bottom template 7 from bottom to top, sleeving the flat gasket 2 on the screw rod extending out of the hanging basket bottom template 7, sleeving the nut 1 matched with the eye bolt 3 on the screw rod extending out of the eye bolt 3 of the gasket 2, and screwing the nut 1 until the eye bolt 3 is tightly connected with the hanging basket bottom template 7;
3) Connecting the upper end of the steel wire rope with an eye bolt:
the upper end C of the steel wire rope penetrates through the inner hole of the copper ring 4 from bottom to top, the upper end C of the steel wire rope penetrates through the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting bolt 3, then the upper end C of the steel wire rope penetrates through the inner hole of the copper ring 4 from top to bottom, and when the length of the upper end C of the steel wire rope penetrating through the copper ring 4 exceeds the lower edge of the copper ring 4 by 1 cm to 5cm, the copper ring 4 is pinched by pliers until the steel wire rope 5 is fastened with the inner wall of the copper ring 4 without relative sliding;
4) Connecting the lower end of the steel wire rope with a lifting ring heavy hammer:
placing the other copper ring 4 right above the lifting ring in the lifting ring heavy hammer 6, inserting the lower end D of the steel wire rope into the copper ring 4 and the lifting ring inner hole on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 from top to bottom, then inserting the lower end D of the steel wire rope into the copper ring 4 inner hole from bottom to top, and adjusting the height of the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 to ensure that the scale on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is in the observation range of the level gauge, so that the length of the lower end D of the steel wire rope exceeds the upper edge of the copper ring 4 by 1-5 cm, and pinching the copper ring 4 with pliers until the steel wire rope 5 is fastened with the inner wall of the copper ring 4 without relative sliding;
Under the action of gravity, the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is vertical to the horizontal plane, and the scale on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the accuracy guarantee is provided for the subsequent test;
4. s before pre-pressing of hanging basket 1 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
After the hanging basket deformation monitoring device A is installed, the testing before hanging basket pre-pressing is carried out through a level, the following test description takes the testing of one device in the hanging basket deformation testing device A as an example, and the deformation of the hanging basket bottom template 7 on the same side takes the average value of the deformation measured by the 3 hanging basket deformation testing devices:
adjusting the level to the visual angle, and observing the scale marks on the tower ruler and the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 at the same time;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 Before pre-pressing the hanging basket, observing the reading of a tower ruler erected on a temporary level control point through a level gauge, and recording the reading as H 1 The observation angle of the level gauge is adjusted, the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is observed, and the scale mark is marked as S 1 S is then 1 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 1 ；
5. S after hanging basket prepressing 2 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
1) Hanging basket prepressing
The pre-pressing of the hanging basket is needed to be symmetrically performed, namely the hanging baskets on the two sides are pre-pressed simultaneously, the maximum section weight of the bridge is equivalently replaced by the load of a sand bag or a water bag, then the bridge is uniformly and stepwise applied to the hanging basket bottom template 7, the weight of the applied sand bag or water bag is 80 percent, 100 percent and 120 percent of the maximum section weight of the bridge, and when the applied load reaches 120 percent of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the hanging basket bottom template 7 does not continuously deform within 24 hours, the bridge can be gradually unloaded;
2) S after prepressing 2 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
When the weight of the applied sand bag or water bag reaches 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the hanging basket bottom template 7 does not continue to deform within 24 hours, reading can be conducted on the hanging basket deformation monitoring device A;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 When the load of 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge is pre-pressed by the hanging basket, and the hanging basket bottom template 7 does not deform continuously within 24 hours, the reading of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point is tested by a level gauge, and the reading number on the tower ruler is recorded as H 2 The observation angle of the level gauge is adjusted, the scale on the lifting ring weight 6 is observed, and the scale is marked as S 2 S is then 2 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 2 ；
6. S after hanging basket unloading 3 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
1) Unloading of hanging basket
Lifting the sand bags or the water bags from the hanging basket step by using a crane, and unloading and loading in reverse order;
2) S after unloading 3 The height of the graduation markCheng Doushu
After the load on the hanging basket is unloaded, namely the hanging basket bottom template 7 is stable and does not deform, reading the hanging basket deformation monitoring device A again;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 The reading of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point is observed through a level gauge, and the reading is recorded as H 3 The observation angle of the level gauge is adjusted, the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is observed, and the scale mark is marked as S 3 S is then 3 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 3 ；
7. Determining deformation of hanging basket
1) Elastic deformation at hanging basket monitoring position
S on hanging basket pre-pressing front hanging ring heavy hammer 6 1 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 1 S on the hanging basket weight hammer 6 after the hanging basket bottom template 7 is stable and not deformed within 24 hours of the weight of 120% of the maximum section of the hanging basket pre-pressing bridge 2 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 2 S on the lifting ring weight 6 1 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 2 +S 1 -S 2 So the sum of the elastic deformation and the plastic deformation of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 2 +S 2 -S 1 ；
S on the hanging basket heavy hammer 6 after the hanging basket is unloaded and the hanging basket bottom template 7 is stable and does not deform 3 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 3 At this time S on the lifting ring weight 6 1 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 3 +S 1 -S 3 Elastic deformation of the position to be monitored of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 3 +S 3 -S 1 ；
2) Plastic deformation at basket monitoring location
S after plastic deformation at the hanging basket monitoring position is that the hanging basket bottom template 7 is not deformed within 24 hours after the weight of the plastic deformation which is 120% of the maximum section of the hanging basket prepressing bridge is obtained 1 Elevation at scale mark and S after unloading is stable 1 The difference in elevation at the graduation marks, in particular H 3 -H 2 +S 2 -S 3 。
Examples:
1. assembled hanging basket
The assembly of the hanging basket is carried out by site constructors;
2. level gauge
Erecting a leveling instrument, taking out a southern surveying tripod, erecting the tripod on the solid ground and the wide visual field, installing a high-precision automatic leveling instrument on the tripod, enabling the high-precision automatic leveling instrument to observe a temporary leveling control point and a hanging ring heavy hammer 6 at the same time, and leveling the high-precision automatic leveling instrument;
3. Deformation testing device for mounting hanging basket
Hanging the hanging basket deformation testing device A at a point to be tested of the hanging basket bottom template 7, and adjusting the scale on the hanging ring heavy hammer 6 to be in the high-precision automatic leveling level observation view; and a pre-compaction reading is started.
4. S before pre-pressing of hanging basket 1 Height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark:
elevation H at temporary leveling control point 0 At 129m, reading H on the tower with the temporary level control point standing up is read by a level gauge 1 1.45m, adjusting the observation angle of the level, and reading S on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 1 The corresponding number at the scale is 10cm, namely S on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 1 The corresponding elevation at the (10 cm) scale mark is 130.45m, and the principle is that the level measurement principle is that the scale mark observed by a level gauge is at the same height;
5. s after hanging basket prepressing 2 Height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark:
when the load of 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge is pre-pressed by the hanging basket, and the hanging basket bottom template 7 does not continue to deform within 24 hours, reading H on a tower ruler erected by the temporary level control point is read through a high-precision automatic leveling level 2 1.46m, the observation angle of the high-precision automatic leveling level is adjusted, and S on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is read out 2 The corresponding number at the scale is 14cm, namely the corresponding elevation at the scale of 14cm on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is 130.46m. S on the sling weight 6 1 The corresponding elevation at the (10 cm) scale mark is 130.42m, namely the elasticity of the hanging basket bottom template 7 is changed by the load of 120 percent of the maximum section weight of the hanging basket prepressing bridgeThe sum of the shape and the plastic deformation is 3cm;
6. s after hanging basket unloading 3 Height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark:
after the hanging basket is unloaded, reading H on a tower ruler erected on the temporary level control point is read through a high-precision automatic leveling level 3 1.42m, the observation angle of the high-precision automatic leveling level is adjusted, and the scale S on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is read out 3 The corresponding number of the position is 9cm, namely the corresponding elevation of the position of the scale 9cm on the lifting ring heavy hammer 6 is 130.42m. S on the sling weight 6 1 The corresponding elevation at the scale mark of (10 cm) is 130.43m, namely the elastic deformation of the cradle bottom template 7 after being pre-pressed by the load of 120 percent of the weight of the maximum section of the bridge is 1cm, and the plastic deformation is 2cm;
7. determining deformation of hanging basket
And obtaining elastic deformation of the hanging basket pre-compaction, and obtaining the vertical formwork elevation of each section of the bridge construction according to the bridge design elevation and the construction accumulated deformation of each section obtained by finite element calculation, thereby carrying out the next construction stage.
Claims (9)
1. The hanging basket deformation testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Assembling a hanging basket;
2) Erecting a level gauge;
3) Installing a hanging basket deformation testing device (A);
4) S before pre-pressing of hanging basket 1 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
5) S after hanging basket prepressing 2 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
6) S after hanging basket unloading 3 The height Cheng Doushu at the graduation mark;
7) And determining the deformation of the hanging basket.
2. The method for testing deformation of a hanging basket according to claim 1, wherein the assembling of the hanging basket is:
1) And (3) installing a running rail:
two groups of 2 running rails (15) are arranged on the top plate of the 0# box girder (16), running rail cushion beams are paved on the top plate of the 0# box girder (16), the adjacent two running rail cushion beams are equidistant along the longitudinal bridge direction, the running rail cushion beams are perpendicular to the web plate of the 0# box girder (16), the running rails (15) are paved on the running rail cushion beams, the running rails (15) are perpendicular to the rail cushion beams, and the running rails (15) are connected with the top plate of the 0# box girder (16) through finish rolling screw steel and washers and nuts matched with the finish rolling screw steel;
2) And (3) installing a main truss:
the main trusses (14) are arranged in two groups of 2 pieces, the main trusses (14) are hoisted on the running rails (15) and are arranged on the running rails (15) through the back-buckling wheel sets, and the main trusses (14) are in rolling connection with the running rails (15);
3) After installation, the suspender is:
the rear suspenders (12) are divided into two groups, namely, two groups on the left side and two groups on the right side, wherein 2 rear suspenders (12) of each group are symmetrically distributed along the transverse bridge direction relative to the longitudinal bridge axial line, the upper ends of the 2 rear suspenders (12) with the same structure are fixed on a top plate on one side of a 0# box girder (16) through gaskets and nuts, the lower ends of the 2 rear suspenders (12) with the same structure are fixedly connected with the two ends of a rear lower cross beam (10) through gaskets and nuts, and the rotation axes of the 2 rear suspenders (12) with the same structure are perpendicular to the top plate of the 0# box girder (16);
4) And (3) mounting a rear lower beam:
the number of the rear lower cross beams (10) is 2, and one rear lower cross beam is arranged on the left side and the right side; the rear suspender (12) is inserted into through holes at two ends of the rear lower cross beam (10), the downward extending ends of the rear suspender (12) from the two ends of the lower cross beam (10) are connected with the rear lower cross beam (10) by adopting a steel plate with holes and a nut matched with finish rolling screw steel, the rear lower cross beam (10) is in a horizontal state, and the rear lower cross beam (10) is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the bridge;
5) Upper beam before installation:
2 front upper cross beams (13) are arranged, 1 hanging basket is arranged on each of the left side and the right side, the front upper cross beams (13) are hoisted to the upper surface of a horizontal No. 1 prefabricated steel beam at the middle upper end of a 2-piece main truss (14), the front upper cross beams (13) are perpendicular to the 2-piece main truss (14) at the same side, and the contact parts of the front upper cross beams (13) and the 2-piece main truss (14) are welded;
6) Boom before installation:
the front suspender (11) is divided into 2 groups, namely, one group is arranged on the left side and the right side, and 4 groups are arranged in each group; the front suspender (11) is inserted into a through hole on the front upper cross beam (13) from bottom to top, the extending end of the front suspender (11) in the through hole of the front upper cross beam (13) is connected with the front upper cross beam (13) through a steel plate with holes and a matched nut of finish rolling screw steel, the front suspender (11) is in a vertical state, the front suspender (11) is positioned on the same straight line along the transverse bridge direction, the lower end of the front suspender (11) is positioned on the same height, and the lower end of the front suspender (11) is connected with the front lower cross beam (9);
7) Lower beam before installation:
the number of the front lower cross beams (9) is 2, and one front lower cross beam is arranged on the left side and the other front lower cross beam are arranged on the right side; the front lower cross beam (9) is hoisted to the position right below the front boom (11), then the front boom (11) is inserted into a through hole on the front lower cross beam (9) from top to bottom, the extending end in the through hole of the front lower cross beam (9) is connected with a finish rolling threaded steel matched nut and the front lower cross beam (9) through a steel plate, the front lower cross beam (9) is in a horizontal state, the front lower cross beam (9) is positioned right below the front upper cross beam (13), the front lower cross beam (9) is parallel to the rear lower cross beam (10), the two ends of the front lower cross beam (9) and the rear lower cross beam (10) are respectively aligned, and the ratio of the height difference of the front lower cross beam (9) to the horizontal distance of the front lower cross beam (9) is the gradient of a basket bottom template (7) of the current pouring section;
8) And (3) mounting a bottom plate longitudinal beam:
the number of the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) is two, one is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side, and 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams are arranged in each group; the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) are arranged on the front lower cross beam (9) and the rear lower cross beam (10) one by one, the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) are arranged along the longitudinal bridge direction, the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) and the front lower cross beam (9) are mutually perpendicular to the rear lower cross beam (10), the transverse bridge direction spacing of the 9 bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) on each side is 30cm according to the spacing below the web, and the rest position spacing is 50 cm; the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) on the same side are positioned in the same plane, and the front ends and the rear ends of the longitudinal bridge directions of the bottom plate longitudinal beams (8) are respectively positioned on the same straight line; the bottom plate longitudinal beam (8) is connected with the rear lower cross beam (10) through a welding mode and the front lower cross beam (9);
9) Installing a hanging basket bottom template:
the number of the basket hanging bottom templates (7) is two, and 1 is arranged on the left side and the right side respectively; the basket hanging bottom template (7) is arranged on the bottom plate longitudinal beam (8), so that the longitudinal direction of the basket hanging bottom template (7) is in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the bridge, the width of the basket hanging bottom template (7) is aligned with the bottom plate width boundary of the 0# box girder (16), and the basket hanging bottom template (7) is connected with the bottom plate longitudinal beam (8) in a welding mode;
10 Mounting a hanging basket side template):
the basket hanging side templates are divided into two groups, namely a left group and a right group, and each group is divided into 2 pieces; the thickness of the steel plate adopted by the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template (7), the longitudinal bridge length of the hanging basket side template is the same as that of the hanging basket bottom template (7), the installed hanging basket side template is tightly attached to the outer side of the web plate and the outer side of the flange plate of the bridge, and the 1 hanging basket bottom template (7) and 2 hanging basket side templates on the same side of the bridge pier (17) are welded together.
3. A method of testing deformation of a hanging basket according to claim 1, wherein the level means:
1) Setting a temporary level control point
The known elevation of the national elevation control point is led to the vicinity of a construction site and marked as a temporary leveling control point, a professional measurement team is required to operate according to a leveling measurement principle, and the temporary leveling control point is required to have wide vision and can observe the whole construction of the bridge;
2) Level gauge
Vertically standing a staff with a level on the temporary level control point, and manually adjusting the staff until the level on the staff is centered to be in a centered state;
the method comprises the steps of selecting a visual field to be wide, observing solid ground of a tower ruler and a hanging basket at the same time, stably standing a tripod on the ground, adjusting the tripod to be stable, installing a level with the model number of the Leica NAK2 on the tripod, and leveling the level.
4. A hanging basket deformation testing method according to claim 1, wherein the hanging basket deformation testing device (a) is:
1) Drilling holes at a position to be monitored of the hanging basket bottom template:
firstly, determining a point to be detected on a basket bottom template (7);
drilling holes at the position to be tested of the hanging basket bottom template (7) after the point to be tested is selected, wherein the diameter of the drilled holes is 1-5 mm larger than the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt (3) and smaller than the diameter of a bolt head of the eye bolt (3), so that the screw rod of the eye bolt (3) can be inserted from bottom to top and left in the drilled holes;
2) Installing an eye bolt:
inserting a screw rod of the eye bolt (3) into a drilling hole at a position to be detected on the hanging basket bottom template (7) from bottom to top, sleeving a gasket (2) on the screw rod of the eye bolt (3) extending out of the hanging basket bottom template (7), sleeving a nut (1) matched with the eye bolt (3) on the screw rod of the eye bolt (3) extending out of the gasket (2), and screwing the nut (1) until the eye bolt (3) is tightly connected with the hanging basket bottom template (7);
3) Connecting the upper end of the steel wire rope with an eye bolt:
after the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the copper ring (4) and the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting ring bolt (3) from bottom to top, the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the copper ring (4) again from top to bottom, when the length of the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope passing through the copper ring (4) exceeds the lower edge of the copper ring (4) by 1-5 cm, the copper ring (4) is pinched by pliers, so that the copper ring (4) and the steel wire rope (5) inside the copper ring are fastened without relative sliding;
4) Connecting the lower end of a steel wire with a lifting ring heavy hammer:
placing the other copper ring (4) right above the lifting ring in the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), enabling the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope to sequentially penetrate through the copper ring (4) and the lifting ring inner hole on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) from top to bottom, enabling the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope to penetrate through the inner hole of the copper ring (4) from bottom to top again, adjusting the height of the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) to enable the scale on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) to be in the observation range of the level gauge, enabling the length of the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope to exceed the upper edge of the copper ring (4) by 1-5 cm, and pinching the copper ring (4) to be fastened between the steel wire rope (5) and the inner wall of the copper ring (4) by pliers without relative sliding;
Under the action of gravity, the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is vertical to the horizontal plane, and the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is parallel to the horizontal plane.
5. A method for testing deformation of a basket according to claim 1, wherein the basket is pre-pressed S 1 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
the deformation of the bottom templates (7) of the hanging basket on the same side is the average value of the deformation measured by the deformation measuring devices (A) of the 3 hanging baskets:
adjusting the level to the visual angle, and observing the scale marks on the tower ruler and the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) at the same time;
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 Before pre-pressing the hanging basket, observing the reading of a tower ruler erected on a temporary level control point through a level gauge, and recording the reading as H 1 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), and marking the scale mark as S 1 S is then 1 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 1 ；
The front 6 hanging basket deformation monitoring devices (A) for hanging basket prepressing all need to read, and the process is as described above.
6. The method for testing deformation of hanging basket according to claim 1, wherein the hanging basket is pre-pressed S 2 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
1) Hanging basket prepressing
The pre-pressing of the hanging basket is needed to be symmetrically performed, namely the hanging baskets on the two sides are pre-pressed simultaneously, the maximum section weight of the bridge is equivalently replaced by sand bags or water bags, then the sand bags or the water bags are uniformly and stepwise applied to the hanging basket bottom template (7), the weight of the applied sand bags or water bags is 80%,100% and 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge, and when the applied load reaches 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the hanging basket bottom template (7) is not deformed continuously within 24 hours, the bridge can be unloaded step by step;
2) S after prepressing 2 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
When the weight of the applied sand bag or water bag reaches 120% of the maximum section weight of the bridge and the hanging basket does not continue to deform within 24 hours, reading the hanging basket deformation monitoring device (A);
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 Hanging basket prepressingWhen the bridge is loaded by 120 percent of the maximum section weight and the hanging basket bottom template (7) does not deform continuously within 24 hours, measuring the read number of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point by a level gauge, and recording the read number on the tower ruler as H 2 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), and marking the scale as S 2 S is then 2 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 2 。
7. A method for testing deformation of a basket according to claim 1, wherein said basket is unloaded S 3 The height Cheng Doushu at the tick mark means:
1) Unloading of hanging basket
Lifting the sand bags or the water bags from the hanging basket step by using a crane, and unloading and loading in reverse order;
2) S after unloading 3 Scale mark height Cheng Doushu
After the load on the hanging basket is unloaded, the hanging basket bottom template (7) is stable and does not deform, and reading is carried out again on the hanging basket deformation monitoring device (A);
the elevation at the temporary level control point of the gauge is H 0 The reading of the upright tower ruler at the temporary level control point is observed through a level gauge, and the reading is recorded as H 3 Adjusting the observation angle of the level, observing the scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), and marking the scale mark as S 3 S is then 3 The elevation of the scale mark is H 0 +H 3 。
8. A method of testing deformation of a basket according to claim 1 wherein said determining deformation of the basket is:
1) Elastic deformation at hanging basket monitoring position
S on hanging basket pre-pressing front hanging ring heavy hammer (6) 1 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 1 After 120% of the maximum section of the bridge with the pre-pressed hanging basket is stable for 24 hours and does not deform, S on the hanging ring heavy hammer (6) 2 The elevation at the graduation mark is H 0 +H 2 The elevation of the S1 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is H 0 +H 2 +S 1 -S 2 So the sum of the elastic deformation and the plastic deformation of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 2 +S 2 -S 1 ；
After the basket bottom template (7) is stable and does not deform after the basket is unloaded, the elevation of the S3 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is H 0 +H 3 At the moment, the elevation of the S1 scale mark on the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is H 0 +H 3 +S 1 -S 3 Elastic deformation of the position to be monitored of the hanging basket is H 1 -H 3 +S 3 -S 1 ；
2) Plastic deformation at basket monitoring location
The plastic deformation at the hanging basket monitoring position is the difference between the elevation of the S1 scale mark after the hanging basket bottom template (7) is not deformed and the elevation of the S1 scale mark after the unloading is stabilized within 24 hours when the weight of 120 percent of the maximum section of the hanging basket prepressing bridge is stable, and the plastic deformation is specifically H 3 -H 2 +S 2 -S 3 。
9. A hanging basket deformation testing device used in the hanging basket deformation testing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the hanging basket deformation testing device (A) comprises a nut (1), a flat washer (2), an eye bolt (3), 2 copper rings (4) with the same structure, a steel wire rope (5) and an eye weight (6);
the nut (1) is a hollow metal piece with a hexagonal prism shape, an internal thread is arranged on a central hole of the nut (1), and the inner diameter of the nut (1) is the same as the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt (3);
the flat washer (2) is a circular metal piece, and the inner diameter of the flat washer is larger than the diameter of a screw rod of the eye bolt (3) and smaller than the diameter of a bolt head on the eye bolt (3);
the lifting bolt (3) is composed of a screw rod, a bolt head and a lifting ring, the lifting ring is integrally manufactured by adopting a quenching process, the lifting ring is a circular steel ring piece, the bottom end of the steel ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the bolt head, the rotation axis of the steel ring is vertically intersected with the symmetry axis of the bolt head, the bolt head is a cylindrical steel piece, and the diameter of the bolt head is larger than the diameter of the screw rod and smaller than the inner diameter of the lifting ring; the screw is a cylinder with external threads;
the copper ring (4) is a ring-shaped copper member, the inner diameter of the copper ring can ensure that 2 steel wire ropes (5) are smoothly and simultaneously inserted, the wall thickness of the copper ring (4) is 1-2 mm, and the height of the copper ring (4) is 1-2 cm;
The steel strand (5) is made of 304 stainless steel, and the standard part is 1.2mm in specification, namely 1.2mm in diameter;
the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) consists of a main body and a lifting ring, wherein the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is made of 304 stainless steel and is a non-standard part, the main body is a cylinder with scale marks, in the embodiment, the height of the main body is 20cm, the diameter of the main body is 5cm, and the scale precision on the main body is 1mm; the left ends of the scale marks are aligned, the measuring range is increased from bottom to top, namely, the 0 scale mark is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body of the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), the 20cm scale mark is arranged on the top surface of the main body of the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), and the scale mark is arranged on the surface of the main body of the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) and is parallel to the horizontal plane;
the lifting ring is a stainless steel lifting ring in a circular ring shape, and is arranged above the main body, namely the bottom end of the lifting ring is fixedly connected with the center of the top end of the main body, and the rotation axis of the lifting ring is vertically intersected with the rotation axis of the main body; the hanging ring and the top end of the main body are manufactured through an integral pouring method, and scales on the main body are realized through laser imprinting;
after the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope passes through the copper ring (4) and the inner hole of the lifting ring on the lifting bolt (3), the upper end (C) of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the copper ring (4) again, and the copper ring (4) is pinched by pliers to tightly connect the steel wire rope (5) with the copper ring (4); after the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the inner holes of the second copper ring (4) and the lifting ring heavy hammer (6), the lower end (D) of the steel wire rope passes through the inner hole of the second copper ring (4) again, and the second copper ring (4) is pinched by pliers to tightly connect the steel wire rope (5) with the lifting ring heavy hammer (6).
Because the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) and the steel wire rope (5) are in a vertical state under the action of gravity, the scale mark on the main body of the lifting ring heavy hammer (6) is horizontal to the horizontal plane.
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| CN (1) | CN116519344A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-02 CN CN202310192903.3A patent/CN116519344A/en active Pending
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