CN116516159A - Magnesium treatment method in vacuum refining process - Google Patents
Magnesium treatment method in vacuum refining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116516159A CN116516159A CN202310632915.3A CN202310632915A CN116516159A CN 116516159 A CN116516159 A CN 116516159A CN 202310632915 A CN202310632915 A CN 202310632915A CN 116516159 A CN116516159 A CN 116516159A
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- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- vacuum
- molten steel
- vacuum refining
- treatment
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- UPKIHOQVIBBESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;carbanide Chemical compound [CH3-].[CH3-].[Mg+2] UPKIHOQVIBBESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 vacuum refining Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002796 Si–Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009842 primary steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium treatment method in a vacuum refining process, which relates to the technical field of steel production and comprises the steps of preparation of magnesium carbide, vacuum refining, magnesium treatment and soft blowing, wherein the granularity of the magnesium carbide has the following requirements: 10-40 mm > 80%, 0-10 mm < 10%, 40-50 mm < 10%, and the composition requirements are as follows: [ Mg ]. Gtoreq.25%, and [ C ]:60 to 70 percent of magnesium carbide is added into the molten steel circulated in the vacuum chamber for magnesium treatment in the vacuum refining process, and then soft blowing is carried out. The method successfully solves the problems of secondary oxidation of molten steel and low magnesium recovery rate caused by severe reaction during magnesium treatment after RH vacuum refining, ensures the stability of magnesium treatment, improves the problem of unstable product quality, and has the recovery rate of more than 20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel production, in particular to a magnesium treatment method in a vacuum refining process.
Background
With the rapid development of the steel industry, the requirements of users on the steel performance are more and more strict, so that the improvement of the steel quality is a problem which needs to be solved by each large steel enterprise. In practical production practice, according to the deoxidizing process, the steel can be divided into two major categories of Al deoxidization and Si deoxidization, wherein part of commercial steel types adopt Si-Al composite deoxidizing process (namely Si deoxidizing in the early stage and small amount of Al deoxidizing in the later stage). For aluminum killed steel, a large amount of Al is generated after deoxidizing primary steelmaking of a converter or an electric furnace 2 O 3 Inclusions are easy to gather on the inner wall of the water gap to form nodulation objects, and the casting property of molten steel is seriously affected. In addition, al 2 O 3 The inclusions are easy to aggregate in molten steel to form large-size cluster-shaped inclusions, and the performance of steel is seriously affected.
In order to change the types and morphology of inclusions in steel, inclusion modification techniques are employed by large steel enterprises. The magnesium treatment technology is that the Al is modified at present 2 O 3 One effective means of inclusion is to make Al 2 O 3 Modification of inclusions to fine MgO-Al 2 O 3 And MgO inclusions, such inclusions being less likely to occur in steelThe raw materials gather and are distributed in a dispersion way, which is beneficial to improving the cleanliness of molten steel. After magnesium treatment, mgO-containing inclusion in the steel has promoting effect on the formation of the crystal and the refinement of the structure. Nevertheless, because magnesium is an active metal and has a low melting point, a severe reaction occurs during magnesium treatment, so that the magnesium element volatilizes, the yield of magnesium is reduced, and secondary oxidation of molten steel is possibly caused. In addition, if the magnesium addition amount is unreasonable or the control process is not mature in the magnesium treatment process, the problems of unstable product quality and the like exist, so that the industrialized application of the magnesium treatment technology is limited to a certain extent.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN106399633B discloses a ship plate steel molten steel magnesium treatment process, after LF refining adjusts molten steel alloy components or RH vacuum refining is finished, an Mg-Al-Fe alloy cored wire is fed into molten steel, wherein the mass percentage of magnesium in the cored wire is 5% -15%, the mass percentage of aluminum is 40% -65%, and the balance is iron and unavoidable impurities. During magnesium treatment, the cored wire is fed into the ladle at the speed of 2.5-4.0 m/s, the wire feeding position is 1/3-1/2 radius away from the center of the ladle, and soft blowing is carried out for a certain time after the wire feeding is finished, so that the purposes of controlling inclusions and improving the cleanliness of molten steel are achieved, and the product quality is improved. The technology is a conventional wire feeding magnesium treatment process, has no accurate control target, and has the problems of unstable magnesium yield, secondary oxidation generated by violent molten steel reaction, unstable product quality and the like.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN109536840A discloses a micro-magnesium treatment lifting continuous casting high-quality die steel and a preparation method thereof, develops a magnesium-containing grinding tool steel component, provides a corresponding production process, feeds a magnesium alloy wire for magnesium treatment after VD vacuum refining, wherein the mass percent of magnesium in the magnesium alloy wire is 10-25%, the mass percent of aluminum is 30-50%, and the balance is iron and impurities, and the mass of the iron and impurities is 180-220 g/m. The magnesium alloy wire is fed into the molten steel at a proper wire feeding rate and feeding quantity, so that not only can the inclusion be modified, but also the deoxidization effect can be achieved, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved. The technology is a conventional wire feeding magnesium treatment process, and still has the problems of unstable magnesium yield, severe molten steel reaction, secondary oxidation, unstable product quality and the like.
From the above analysis, it is known that reasonable magnesium treatment can effectively modify Al in steel 2 O 3 The inclusion is favorable for improving the cleanliness of molten steel, and can refine grains and the like. However, the existing magnesium treatment technology generally has the problems of unstable magnesium yield, severe molten steel reaction, secondary oxidation, unstable product quality and the like, and the existing magnesium treatment technology also becomes a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a magnesium treatment method in the vacuum refining process, which comprises the steps of preparation of magnesium carbide, vacuum refining, magnesium treatment and soft blowing, wherein the granularity of the magnesium carbide has the following requirements: 10-40 mm > 80%, 0-10 mm < 10%, 40-50 mm < 10%, and the composition requirements are as follows: [ Mg ]. Gtoreq.25%, and [ C ]:60 to 70 percent of magnesium carbide is added into the molten steel circulated in the vacuum chamber for magnesium treatment in the vacuum refining process, and then soft blowing is carried out.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in the method for treating magnesium in the vacuum refining process, molten steel is Al-killed steel subjected to Al deep deoxidization, the [ Alt ] content in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.030-0.050%, the addition range of Mg is determined, the carbon content in the molten steel is slightly lower than the level of a design target in the steel, and the [ O ] in the molten steel is less than 0.0020%.
In the method for treating magnesium in the vacuum refining process, when the molten steel component reaches the target control range, the slag shell is broken at the argon flow of 70-230 NL/min in the vacuum refining process, and the RH vacuum degree in the vacuum refining process is lower than 100Pa.
In the magnesium treatment process, when the vacuum treatment time is 3-8 min, adding 0.20-0.30 Kg/t of magnesium carbide of steel into molten steel in a vacuum circulation chamber through an RH alloy bin, and continuing vacuum refining for 3-8 min after the addition is finished, wherein the RH vacuum degree is lower than 200 Pa; argon blowing stirring is carried out at the bottom of the ladle at the argon flow of 10-30 NL/min; the thickness of ladle slag is between 100 and 200 mm.
In the method for treating magnesium in the vacuum refining process, the soft blowing time is 3-6 min, and the flow rate of bottom blowing argon is less than or equal to 3Nm 3 /h。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, magnesium carbide is used as a magnesium supply source, magnesium treatment is carried out when RH vacuum treatment is carried out on molten steel, the favorable environment of vacuum is fully utilized, magnesium carbide is added into a vacuum chamber, magnesium treatment inclusion modification is carried out on the molten steel, the floating of the magnesium treated inclusion is promoted, the uniformity of magnesium in the molten steel can be ensured, the problem of secondary oxidation of the molten steel caused by severe reaction during magnesium treatment after RH vacuum refining is successfully solved, and the stability of magnesium treatment is ensured, so that the problem of unstable product quality is improved;
(2) In the RH vacuum refining process, magnesium carbide is added into molten steel in a vacuum circulation chamber through an RH alloy bin to carry out inclusion modification, the magnesium treatment process is stable and controllable, the magnesium content in the molten steel after the magnesium treatment can be accurately controlled, and the recovery rate of magnesium is as high as more than 20%;
(3) Compared with the traditional wire feeding technology, the invention does not need to separately set a magnesium treatment station, reduces the ladle conveying steps and shortens the soft blowing time; and a large amount of smoke dust does not directly enter the factory building, so that the method is more environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a magnesium treatment method in the vacuum refining process of the invention.
Description of the embodiments
The method for magnesium treatment in the vacuum refining process provided in this embodiment includes, as shown in fig. 1, preparation of magnesium carbide, vacuum refining, magnesium treatment and soft blowing, wherein in the vacuum refining process, the prepared magnesium carbide is added into molten steel circulated in a vacuum chamber to perform magnesium treatment, and then soft blowing is performed.
In the preparation process of magnesium carbide, when the granularity of the magnesium carbide is too small, the magnesium carbide with small particles is easily pumped away by vacuum to increase the consumption of the magnesium carbide, the yield of the magnesium is not guaranteed, and when the granularity of the magnesium carbide is too large, incomplete melting of the magnesium carbide is easily caused, the product quality is influenced, and in order to ensure the yield of the magnesium and the product quality stability, the granularity of the magnesium carbide has the following requirements: 10-40 mm > 80%, 0-10 mm < 10%, 40-50 mm < 10%, and the composition requirements are as follows: [ Mg ]. Gtoreq.25%, and [ C ]:60% -70%.
In the vacuum refining process, molten steel is Al-killed steel subjected to Al deep deoxidization, the [ Alt ] content in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.030% -0.050%, the adding range of Mg is determined, the carbon content in the molten steel is slightly lower than the level of a design target in the steel, the carbon content in the steel after magnesium carbide treatment is prevented from exceeding the steel type requirement, and when the [ Alt ] content in the molten steel is within the target range, the [ O ] content in the molten steel is less than 0.0020%, so that the risk of magnesium oxidation is reduced, and the yield of magnesium is improved. When the molten steel component reaches the target control range, the slag crust is broken by using the argon flow of 70-230 NL/min, and the actual argon flow is adjusted according to the ventilation condition of the furnace. The RH vacuum degree in the vacuum refining process should be lower than 100Pa.
And determining reasonable vacuum treatment time according to different steel types, when the vacuum treatment time is 3-8 min, adding 0.20-0.30 Kg/t of magnesium carbide of steel into molten steel in a vacuum circulation chamber through an RH alloy bin, after the addition, continuously refining for 3-8 min at the RH vacuum degree lower than 200Pa to ensure uniformity of magnesium in the molten steel, removing a large amount of modified inclusions, and blowing argon and stirring at the bottom of a steel ladle at the argon flow rate of 10-30 NL/min in the whole process of adding magnesium carbide. In order to avoid a large amount of smoke dust from directly entering a factory building in the magnesium treatment process, the thickness of ladle slag in the whole vacuum refining process should be controlled between 100 and 200 mm.
In the soft blowing process, after RH is added into magnesium carbide, vacuum refining is continuously maintained for 3-8 min, inclusions in molten steel are fully modified, magnesium is uniformly distributed in the molten steel, the inclusions are fully accumulated and grown up in the vacuum refining process for 3-8 min, and large-size inclusions are fully floated and absorbed by a slag layer, so that after the vacuum refining is finished, soft blowing time can be properly shortened, generally the soft blowing time is 3-6 min, the bottom blowing argon flow is 50NL/min, and the soft blowing time is more than 5min.
The X65MS steel type is selected, the production is carried out by a 120 ton RH vacuum refining furnace, magnesium carbide is adopted for magnesium treatment, the main chemical compositions of pipeline steel are shown in Table 1, and the whole magnesium treatment process is controlled as follows:
TABLE 1X 65MS chemical composition (wt%)
(1) Preparing magnesium carbide. The magnesium carbide composition is shown in Table 2 and the particle size requirements are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 2 magnesium carbide component (wt%)
TABLE 3 particle size requirement (wt%)
(2) The chemical composition of the molten steel during RH vacuum refining is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 chemical composition (wt%) of molten steel during refining 4 RH
(3) When RH vacuum refining time is left for 5min, 30kg of magnesium carbide is added into each furnace of molten steel in a vacuum circulation chamber through an RH alloy bin, RH vacuum degree is 80Pa, vacuum refining is continued for 5min after the feeding is finished, vacuum degree is 180Pa, argon blowing and stirring are carried out at the bottom of a ladle at the argon flow rate of 20NL/min, and the thickness of ladle slag in the vacuum refining process is 150mm.
(4) The chemical composition of the molten steel after RH vacuum refining is shown in Table 5.
Table 5 RH chemical composition of molten steel after refining
After RH vacuum refining is finished, soft blowing of molten steel5min, and the flow of bottom blowing argon in the soft blowing process is 2.8Nm 3 And (3) the magnesium yield is over 20 percent, and the yields of the furnace times 1, 2 and 3 are respectively 22.1 percent, 20.7 percent and 20.7 percent, so that the production requirements are met.
(5) The inclusion rating is shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 inclusion rating
In conclusion, the recovery rate of magnesium is up to more than 20%, and the problem of secondary oxidation of molten steel caused by severe reaction during magnesium treatment after RH vacuum refining is successfully solved, and the stability of magnesium treatment is ensured, so that the problem of unstable product quality is solved.
In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for magnesium treatment in a vacuum refining process, characterized by: comprises the steps of preparation of magnesium carbide, vacuum refining, magnesium treatment and soft blowing, wherein the granularity of the magnesium carbide has the following requirements: 10-40 mm > 80%, 0-10 mm < 10%, 40-50 mm < 10%, and the composition requirements are as follows: [ Mg ]. Gtoreq.25%, and [ C ]:60 to 70 percent of magnesium carbide is added into the molten steel circulated in the vacuum chamber for magnesium treatment in the vacuum refining process, and then soft blowing is carried out.
2. A method of magnesium treatment in a vacuum refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the vacuum refining process, the molten steel is Al-killed steel subjected to Al deep deoxidization, the [ Alt ] content in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.030% -0.050%, the adding range of Mg is determined, the carbon content in the molten steel is slightly lower than the level of a design target in the steel, and the [ O ] in the molten steel is less than 0.0020%.
3. A method of magnesium treatment in a vacuum refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the vacuum refining process, when the molten steel component reaches the target control range, the slag shell is broken at the argon flow of 70-230 NL/min, and the RH vacuum degree in the vacuum refining process is lower than 100Pa.
4. A method of magnesium treatment in a vacuum refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the magnesium treatment process, when the vacuum treatment time is left for 3-8 min, adding 0.20-0.30 Kg/t of magnesium carbide of steel into molten steel in a vacuum circulation chamber through an RH alloy bin, and after the addition is finished, continuously refining for 3-8 min under the RH vacuum degree of below 200 Pa; argon blowing stirring is carried out at the bottom of the ladle at the argon flow of 10-30 NL/min; the thickness of ladle slag is between 100 and 200 mm.
5. A method of magnesium treatment in a vacuum refining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the soft blowing process, the soft blowing time is 3-6 min, and the flow rate of bottom blowing argon is less than or equal to 3Nm 3 /h。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310632915.3A CN116516159A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Magnesium treatment method in vacuum refining process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310632915.3A CN116516159A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Magnesium treatment method in vacuum refining process |
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| Country | Link |
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