CN116514613B - System and method for preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by utilizing secondary oil - Google Patents
System and method for preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by utilizing secondary oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN116514613B CN116514613B CN202310454339.8A CN202310454339A CN116514613B CN 116514613 B CN116514613 B CN 116514613B CN 202310454339 A CN202310454339 A CN 202310454339A CN 116514613 B CN116514613 B CN 116514613B
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- material receiving
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0091—Elimination of undesirable or temporary components of an intermediate or finished product, e.g. making porous or low density products, purifying, stabilising, drying; Deactivating; Reclaiming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation system and a preparation method of a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by utilizing secondary oil, wherein the preparation system comprises a conveying mechanism, a material receiving assembly in the conveying mechanism can take out porous particles from the interior of a material storage mechanism and convey the porous particles to the interior of a bearing mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a screening mechanism and a mixing mechanism are matched in the interior of the bearing mechanism, the porous particles can be screened into porous particles with different sizes, and the porous particles with different sizes are respectively mixed with oil liquid for output, so that the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with a narrower particle size range can be obtained, the energy generated by explosion of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with a close particle size can be more uniform when acting on objects, the blasting effect can be improved, and the problem that the blasting effect is influenced due to the larger particle size difference of the existing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive production, in particular to a system and a method for preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by using secondary oil.
Background
The porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is an explosive mechanical mixture composed of porous granular ammonium nitrate and secondary oil (light diesel oil), and according to the principle that the formula of the explosive should meet zero oxygen balance, the proportion of components of the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel oil is about 94% and 6% in sequence.
Patent document CN114230426a discloses a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following components by weight: 94-95 parts of porous granular ammonium nitrate, 1-6 parts of diesel oil, 1-6 parts of waste activated carbon, wherein at least one of mineral oil steam and TNT is adsorbed on the waste activated carbon, the particles with the particle size of 1-2.5 mm account for more than 90 percent in the waste activated carbon, (1) the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the diesel oil and the waste activated carbon are weighed according to the proportion, (2) the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the diesel oil weighed in the step (1) are fully mixed to obtain an ammonium nitrate diesel oil mixture, (3) the waste activated carbon weighed in the step (1) is subjected to crushing treatment to ensure that the particles with the particle size of 1-2.5 mm account for more than 90 percent to obtain the granular waste activated carbon, and (4) the ammonium nitrate diesel oil mixture obtained in the step (2) and the granular waste activated carbon obtained in the step (3) are fully mixed to obtain the porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive product.
However, in the practical use process, the inventor finds that the particle size of the porous granular ammonium nitrate is mostly between 0.5 and 5.0mm after the porous granular ammonium nitrate is produced and molded, and the energy generated during explosion can be uneven when the energy acts on objects due to the large particle size difference between different porous particles, so that the blasting effect can be influenced, and some scrap iron is often present in the production of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, and the blasting effect of the explosive can also be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and by arranging a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive preparation system and a method using secondary oil, the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive preparation system comprises a conveying mechanism, wherein a material receiving component in the conveying mechanism can take out porous particles from the interior of a material storage mechanism and convey the porous particles to the interior of a bearing mechanism, and an adsorption mechanism, a screening mechanism and a mixing mechanism are matched in the bearing mechanism, so that the porous particles can be screened into porous particles with different sizes, and the porous particles with different sizes are respectively mixed with oil liquid for output, thereby obtaining porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with narrower particle size range.
Aiming at the technical problems, the technical scheme is as follows: a system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive utilizing a secondary oil, comprising:
the conveying mechanism is provided with a plurality of groups of material receiving components for taking out the porous particles from the storage mechanism, the material receiving components are matched with the adsorption mechanism to complete the scrap iron removing work in the porous particles in the process of penetrating through the bearing mechanism, and are matched with the screening mechanism and the mixing mechanism to respectively complete the mixing work of the porous particles with different sizes and small sizes and oil liquid;
The bearing mechanism comprises an inner barrel sleeved on the outer side of the receiving assembly, an outer barrel concentrically arranged with the inner barrel, and a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a third bearing plate, a first discharging plate and a second discharging plate which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, wherein the first bearing plate, the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inner barrel, and the first discharging plate and the second discharging plate are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the outer barrel.
Preferably, the material receiving assembly comprises a material receiving unit a, a material receiving unit b and a material receiving unit c which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the conveying mechanism;
the receiving unit a comprises a receiving barrel fixedly arranged on the conveying mechanism, a baffle plate arranged inside a receiving barrel shell in a sliding mode through a reset spring and a control block arranged at the upper end of the baffle plate.
Preferably, the inner barrel is provided with a plurality of notches for the porous particles to pass through at the position corresponding to the striker plate, and the inner wall of the inner barrel is provided with a pushing block at the position corresponding to the control block.
Preferably, the adsorption mechanism comprises a first pushing component, an adsorption component and a discharge component, wherein the first pushing component is arranged at the upper end of the first bearing plate and used for pushing the porous particles back into the receiving component, the adsorption component is used for adsorbing scrap iron in the porous particles, and the discharge component is used for discharging the scrap iron in the adsorption component.
Preferably, the first pushing component comprises a baffle plate which is arranged on the outer barrel in a sliding manner and is attached to the upper end face of the first bearing plate, a first telescopic unit for controlling the baffle plate to slide on the outer barrel, a pushing plate arranged on one side of the baffle plate and used for pushing porous particles back to the inside of the receiving component, and a second telescopic unit for controlling the pushing plate to move;
The adsorption assembly comprises a separation plate fixedly arranged on the outer barrel, a plurality of groups of electromagnetic iron plates which are rotatably arranged on the outer barrel and provided with rotary gears on rotating shafts thereof, and a spacing rack which is arranged at the upper end of the first bearing plate and corresponds to the rotary gears;
The discharging assembly comprises an adsorption plate connected with the upper end of the electromagnetic iron plate through a third telescopic unit, a collecting barrel arranged on the outer side of the outer barrel and a scraping plate arranged in the collecting barrel and used for scraping scrap iron on the adsorption plate.
Preferably, the screening mechanism comprises a screening plate and a material guide plate which are fixedly arranged in the outer barrel and are arranged in parallel up and down;
the screening plate and the material guiding plate are spiral, and a plurality of screening holes are formed in the screening plate.
Preferably, the mixing mechanism comprises a second pushing component, a mixing component and a spraying component, wherein the second pushing component is respectively arranged at the upper ends of the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate, the mixing component is arranged at one side of the second pushing component, and the spraying component is used for injecting oil liquid into porous particles.
Preferably, the mixing assembly comprises a stirring rod rotatably arranged on the outer barrel and provided with a driving gear on a rotating shaft thereof, a driving rack arranged at the upper end of the second bearing plate and corresponding to the driving gear, a sliding plate arranged at one side of the stirring rod and slidingly arranged on the outer barrel, and a driving plate connected with the second pushing assembly and used for controlling the sliding plate to lift;
the spraying assembly comprises an oil storage barrel arranged on the outer side of the outer barrel, an oil pipe connected with the oil storage barrel and a plurality of oil injection units communicated with the oil pipe and arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod.
Preferably, the storage mechanism comprises a storage barrel arranged at the lower end of the bearing mechanism and lifting plates connected to two sides inside the storage barrel through a plurality of connecting springs.
A preparation method of a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by using secondary oil comprises the following steps:
Step one, a material receiving procedure, namely, a plurality of material receiving components are circularly moved under the drive of a conveying mechanism, and porous particles are taken out from the inside of a material storage mechanism and conveyed to a bearing mechanism;
step two, the impurity removal process, the material receiving assembly conveys the porous particles in the material receiving assembly to the first bearing plate, under the action of the adsorption mechanism, the scrap iron in the porous particles can be adsorbed and discharged, and after the impurity removal process of the scrap iron is completed, the porous particles on the first bearing plate can be conveyed to the interior of the material receiving assembly again;
step three, a screening procedure, namely conveying porous particles to a screening mechanism by a material receiving component, completing screening work of different particles with different sizes, and conveying the porous particles with different sizes into different material receiving barrels;
Step four, a mixing procedure, namely conveying porous particles with different sizes to the upper ends of the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate respectively, and matching with a mixing mechanism to realize the mixing work of the porous particles and oil;
and fifthly, a discharging procedure, namely respectively passing through the first discharging plate and the second discharging plate by porous particles with different sizes after the mixing work is finished, and finishing the discharging work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, through arranging the conveying mechanism, the material receiving component in the conveying mechanism can take out porous particles from the interior of the material storage mechanism and convey the porous particles to the interior of the bearing mechanism, the porous particles can be screened into porous particles with different sizes by matching the adsorption mechanism, the screening mechanism and the mixing mechanism in the bearing mechanism, and the porous particles with different sizes are respectively mixed with oil to be output, so that the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with a narrower particle size range can be obtained;
(2) According to the invention, by arranging the adsorption mechanism, the adsorption mechanism comprises the first pushing component, the adsorption component and the discharge component, and in the process that the material receiving component drives the porous particles to be conveyed, the first pushing component is matched with the adsorption component and the discharge component, so that the work of adsorbing and discharging redundant scrap iron in the porous particles is realized, and in this way, the automatic impurity removal work of the porous particles is completed before the porous particles are mixed with diesel oil, and the explosion effect of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive can be further ensured;
(3) According to the invention, the bearing mechanism comprises an inner barrel, an outer barrel, a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a third bearing plate, a first discharging plate and a second discharging plate, and a plurality of gaps matched with the material receiving assembly are arranged on the inner barrel, so that the material receiving assembly can convey porous particles in the material receiving assembly to the first bearing plate, the second bearing plate or the third bearing plate through the gaps, and subsequent processing work on the porous particles is facilitated;
In conclusion, the equipment has the advantages of high automation degree and improved explosion effect of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the receiving assembly.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another structure of the receiving assembly.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the adsorption mechanism when particles enter the first carrier plate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the adsorption mechanism when particles enter the receiving assembly.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the screening mechanism.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the mixing mechanism.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a mixing mechanism from another perspective.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the storage mechanism.
Figure 14 is a schematic flow diagram of a system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive using secondary oil, comprising:
The conveying mechanism 1, a plurality of groups of material receiving components 11 arranged in the conveying mechanism 1 take out porous particles from the interior of the material storage mechanism 2, the material receiving components 11 are matched with the adsorption mechanism 4 to complete the work of removing scrap iron in the porous particles in the process of passing through the bearing mechanism 3, and are matched with the screening mechanism 5 and the mixing mechanism 6 to respectively complete the mixing work of the porous particles with different sizes and small sizes and oil liquid;
The bearing mechanism 3 comprises an inner barrel 31 sleeved on the outer side of the material receiving assembly 11, an outer barrel 32 concentrically arranged with the inner barrel 31, a first bearing plate 33, a second bearing plate 34, a third bearing plate 35, a first discharging plate 36 and a second discharging plate 37 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and are arranged between the inner barrel 31 and the outer barrel 32, the first bearing plate 33, the second bearing plate 34 and the third bearing plate 35 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inner barrel 31, the first discharging plate 36 and the second discharging plate 37 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the outer barrel 32, and the prepared large and small porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is conveyed to the packer 7 through the first discharging plate 36 and the second discharging plate 37 respectively.
In this embodiment, through setting up conveying mechanism 1, the material receiving subassembly 11 in conveying mechanism 1 can take out porous granule from the inside of storage mechanism 2 and carry to the inside of loading mechanism 3, the inside cooperation adsorption facility 4 of loading mechanism 3, screening mechanism 5 and mixing mechanism 6, can realize sieving porous granule into big, little different porous granule, and carry out mixed output with fluid respectively to big, little different granule, thereby can obtain the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive of particle diameter range narrower, in this way, on the one hand, this device has realized carrying, screening and mixing operation to different particle diameter granule, the production efficiency of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has been improved, on the other hand, the energy that the particle diameter is close can be more even when the explosion produced acts on the object, thereby can improve the effect of blasting.
In detail, the carrying mechanism 3 further includes a first driving unit 39 connected to the inner barrel 31 through a belt pulley unit 38, and when in operation, the first driving unit 39 works and drives the inner barrel 31 to rotate through the belt pulley unit 38, and the inner barrel 31 synchronously drives the first carrying plate 33, the second carrying plate 34 and the third carrying plate 35 to rotate during rotation, and the outer barrel 32, the first discharging plate 36 and the second discharging plate 37 are stationary.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the receiving assembly 11 includes a receiving unit a111, a receiving unit b112, and a receiving unit c113 sequentially disposed along the transmission direction of the conveying mechanism 1;
The receiving unit a111 comprises a receiving barrel 1111 fixedly arranged on the conveying mechanism 1, a baffle plate 1112 arranged in the receiving barrel 1111 in a sliding manner through a reset spring, and a control block 1113 arranged at the upper end of the baffle plate 1112;
The inner barrel 31 is provided with a plurality of notches 311 for passing through porous particles at positions corresponding to the striker plate 1112, and the inner wall of the inner barrel 31 is provided with a pushing block 312 at positions corresponding to the control block 1113.
In this embodiment, the structures of the material receiving unit a111, the material receiving unit b112 and the material receiving unit c113 are the same, and by setting the material receiving assembly 11 to be composed of three material receiving units, in the process of moving the material receiving assembly 11, the porous particles with mixed large and small particle sizes are firstly stored in the material receiving unit a111, after the sieving work is completed, the porous particles with large particle sizes enter the material receiving unit c113, and the porous particles with small particle sizes enter the material receiving unit b112, so that the subsequent processing work of the large and small particles is facilitated.
In detail, when the porous particles are stored in the receiving barrel 1111, the stop plate 1112 will pop up under the action of the return spring and intercept the porous particles in the receiving barrel 1111, the inner barrel 31 will drive the notch 311 and the pushing block 312 to rotate synchronously during the rotation, when the pushing block 312 pushes the control block 1113 and drives the stop plate 1112 to move, the notch 311 on the inner barrel 31 will be communicated with the receiving barrel 1111, and at this time, the particles in the receiving barrel 1111 will enter the position between the inner barrel 31 and the outer barrel 32 along the notch 311.
It should be noted that, the pushing block 312 needs to have a certain elasticity, and may be made of a rubber material, so that after the pushing block 312 drives the striker plate 1112 to move and compresses the return spring to the maximum deformation, the pushing block 312 will deform and separate from the control block 1113 for the next contact;
the receiving bucket 1111 begins to have a through groove 1114 in the position department that is different from striker plate 1112, the inside of through groove 1114 is provided with the baffle 1116 that connects through buffer spring 1115, the setting of baffle 1116 can ensure that the granule can not drop to the inside of through groove 1114 along the breach, conveying mechanism 1 still includes conveying component 12, conveying component 12 includes sprocket chain conveying unit 122 (not shown in the partly supporting structure diagram) that drives through second drive unit 121, the in-process that receiving bucket 1111 moved on the chain, the through groove 1114 in the receiving bucket 1111 can pass the sprocket, the sprocket can drive baffle 1116 to open in pivoted in order to receive bucket 1111 to pass the sprocket at pivoted in-process tooth, make receiving bucket 1111 can normally remove on the chain.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, the adsorbing mechanism 4 includes a first pushing assembly 41 provided at an upper end of the first loading plate 33 for pushing the porous particles back into the inside of the stock receiving assembly 11, an adsorbing assembly 42 for adsorbing the scrap iron in the porous particles, and a discharging assembly 43 for discharging the scrap iron in the adsorbing assembly 42;
The first pushing assembly 41 includes a baffle 411 slidably disposed on the outer barrel 32 and attached to the upper end surface of the first bearing plate 33, a first expansion unit 412 for controlling the baffle 411 to slide on the outer barrel 32, a push plate 413 disposed on one side of the baffle 411 for pushing porous particles back into the receiving assembly 11, and a second expansion unit 414 for controlling the push plate 413 to move;
The adsorption assembly 42 includes a partition plate 421 fixedly disposed on the outer tub 32, a plurality of groups of electromagnetic iron plates 423 rotatably disposed on the outer tub 32 and having a rotation gear 422 disposed on a rotation shaft thereof, and a spacing rack 424 disposed on an upper end of the first bearing plate 33 and disposed corresponding to the rotation gear 422;
The discharge assembly 43 includes an adsorption plate 432 connected through a third telescopic unit 431 and disposed at an upper end of the electromagnet plate 423, a collecting bucket 433 disposed at an outer side of the outer bucket 32, and a scraper 434 disposed inside the collecting bucket 433 for scraping off the scrap iron on the adsorption plate 432.
In this embodiment, through setting up first pushing component 41 cooperation adsorption component 42 and discharge subassembly 43, at the in-process that receiving component 11 drove porous granule and carry, first pushing component 41 cooperation adsorption component 42 and discharge subassembly 43 have realized adsorbing the unnecessary iron fillings in the porous granule and the work of discharging, so, accomplish automatic edulcoration work to the porous granule before mixing porous granule and diesel oil, can further guarantee the explosion effect of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
In detail, when the conveying mechanism 1 drives the material receiving unit c113 to move to the position of the first bearing plate 33, the second driving unit 121 pauses to work, at this time, the lowest end of the outlet of the material receiving barrel 1111 is higher than the height of the first bearing plate 33, so that porous particles fall onto the first bearing plate 33 through the notch 311, then, the particles on the first bearing plate 33 rotate along with the first bearing plate 33, when the particles pass through the position of the electromagnetic iron plate 423 and the electromagnetic iron plate 423 faces downwards, the electromagnetic iron plate 423 is electrified and absorbs iron scraps in the particles on the electromagnetic iron plate 423 by magnetism, along with the rotation of the first bearing plate 33 by the interval rack 424, after a part of the interval rack 424 contacts the rotation gear 422, the rotation gear 422 and the electromagnetic iron plate 423 are driven to rotate 180 °, then the electromagnetic iron plate 423 is powered off and loses magnetism, at this time, the third telescopic unit 431 works and drives the adsorption plate 432 to move to the upper end of the electromagnetic iron plate 423 to transfer the adsorbed iron scraps onto the adsorption plate 432, after the adsorption is completed, the third telescopic unit 431 works reversely and drives the adsorption plate 432 to retract, the adsorption plate 432 moves back to the electromagnetic iron plate 423 to the first bearing plate 33, rotates along with the interval rack 423, rotates along with the interval rack 424, and drives the rotation gear 433 to rotate along with the first bearing plate 33, and then, and the electromagnetic iron plate 423 rotates along with the interval rack 423, and the interval rack 423 rotates along with the interval rack 423, and returns to the interval rack, and the operation, and the electromagnetic iron plate 423, and the electromagnetic carrier is completely.
After the porous particles fall on the first carrying plate 33 and the striker plate 1112 is reset, the second driving unit 121 will work reversely and make the height of the upper end surface of the first carrying plate 33 higher than that of the receiving barrel 1111, the first telescopic unit 412 works and drives the baffle 411 to slide on the outer barrel 32, the particles after the iron filings are adsorbed to the first carrying plate 33 will continue to move and gather on one side of the baffle 411, and when the notch 311 rotates to the front end of the first carrying plate 33, the second telescopic unit 414 works and drives the push plate 413 to push the particles back to the inside of the receiving barrel 1111 from the upper end of the receiving barrel 1111 along the notch 311.
It should be noted that, the baffle 411 is attached to the upper end surface of the first bearing plate 33 to ensure that the porous particles will be intercepted on one side of the baffle 411, in order to ensure stability in the process of sliding the baffle 411 on the outer barrel 32, an arc slot 321 concentric with the outer barrel 32 needs to be formed on the outer barrel 32, and the baffle 411 will not deflect randomly in the process of sliding inside the arc slot 321, so as to ensure that the baffle 411 always faces the center position of the outer barrel 32 along the length direction of the baffle 411, meanwhile, since the piston rod in the second telescopic unit 414 moves along the linear direction, the connecting part of the piston rod and the baffle 411 is not fixedly connected, but is movably connected, and when the piston rod moves along the linear direction, the piston rod can drive the baffle 411 to slide in the arc slot 321;
The interval between the partition plate 421 and the first carrier plate 33 is not more than 10mm, so that the porous particles can be spread out while ensuring that all the porous particles pass through the lower end of the partition plate 421, so that the subsequent processing work can be facilitated.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, the screening mechanism 5 includes a screening plate 51 and a guide plate 52 fixedly disposed inside the outer tub 32 and disposed in parallel up and down;
the screening plate 51 and the material guiding plate 52 are both spiral, and a plurality of screening holes 511 are formed in the screening plate 51.
In this embodiment, the screening effect of the large and small particles can be achieved by setting the screening plate 51 and the material guiding plate 52, and the particles with different sizes can automatically fall into different material receiving barrels 1111 under the guidance of the screening plate 51 and the material guiding plate 52.
It should be noted that, the particles in the receiving unit a111 in the receiving assembly 11 in the previous group will enter the receiving unit c113 and the receiving unit b112 in the receiving assembly 11 in the next group after passing through the sieving mechanism 5, and the aperture of the sieving hole 511 is preferably between 2mm and 3mm, so that the helix angle of the sieving plate 51 and the guiding plate 52 is not less than 20 ° to ensure that the porous particles can smoothly slide down along the sieving plate 51 and the guiding plate 52.
Further, as shown in fig. 10 to 12, the mixing mechanism 6 includes a second pushing assembly 61 disposed at the upper ends of the second and third carrying plates 34 and 35, a mixing assembly 62 disposed at one side of the second pushing assembly 61, and a spraying assembly 63 for injecting oil into the porous particles;
The mixing assembly 62 comprises a stirring rod 622 rotatably arranged on the outer barrel 32 and provided with a driving gear 621 on a rotating shaft thereof, a driving rack 623 arranged at the upper end of the second bearing plate 34 and arranged corresponding to the driving gear 621, a sliding plate 624 arranged at one side of the stirring rod 622 and slidingly arranged on the outer barrel 32, and a driving plate 625 connected with the second pushing assembly 61 and used for controlling the sliding plate 624 to lift;
the spray assembly 63 includes an oil storage tub 631 disposed at an outer side of the outer tub 32, an oil pipe 632 connected to the oil storage tub 631, and a plurality of oil spray units 633 connected to the oil pipe 632 and disposed at an upper end of the stirring rod 622.
In this embodiment, the second pushing component 61 is matched with the mixing component 62 and the spraying component 63, so that automatic and full mixing of particles and oil is realized.
In detail, the second pushing assembly 61 has the same structure as the first pushing assembly 41, so after the particles enter the second carrying plate 34 and the third carrying plate 35 from the receiving unit b112 and the receiving unit a111 respectively, the particles will move along with the second carrying plate 34 and be accumulated on one side of the sliding plate 624, then the spraying assembly 63 works, the oil in the oil storage barrel 631 will be pumped into the oil spraying unit 633 and sprayed on the particles at the position, and the driving gear 621 will be driven to rotate during the rotation of the driving rack 623 so as to drive the stirring rod 622 to stir the particles, so that the particles and the oil are fully mixed, the blocking plate 411 will drive the driving plate 625 to slide on the outer barrel 32 when sliding on the outer barrel 32, and the driving plate 625 will drive the sliding plate 624 to rise in the sliding process, at this time, the sliding plate 624 will not block the particles, and the particles will continue to move along with the second carrying plate 34 and be sent back to the inside of the receiving barrel 1111 again.
It should be noted that, products such as sensitization solution may be sprayed in the spraying component 63, which is not described in detail in the present application;
To prevent particles from entering the gap between the driving racks 623, a protective ring 626 may be provided on the outside of the driving racks 623.
Further, as shown in fig. 13, the storage mechanism 2 includes a storage bucket 21 disposed at the lower end of the carrying mechanism 3, and lifting plates 23 connected to two sides of the interior of the storage bucket 21 through a plurality of connecting springs 22.
In the embodiment, the automatic conveying work of the particles is realized by arranging the material storage mechanism 2 to be matched with the conveying mechanism 1.
In detail, the receiving bucket 1111 can scoop up a part of porous particles after entering the storage bucket 21 and drive the porous particles to enter the next process, along with gradual reduction of the particles inside the storage bucket 21, the pressure applied by the connecting spring 22 is also gradually reduced so as to drive the lifting plate 23 to lift, and the particles in the storage bucket 21 are gathered towards the middle after the lifting plate 23 is lifted, so as to facilitate scooping of the receiving bucket 1111, in this embodiment, a feeding mechanism may be set to throw a certain amount of particles into the receiving bucket 1111 successively.
Example two
As shown in fig. 14, wherein the same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, only the points of distinction from the first embodiment will be described below for the sake of brevity. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
a preparation method of a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by using secondary oil comprises the following steps:
Step one, a material receiving procedure, namely, under the drive of a conveying mechanism 1, a plurality of material receiving assemblies 11 circularly move and take out porous particles from the inside of a material storage mechanism 2 and convey the porous particles to a bearing mechanism 3;
Step two, in the impurity removal process, the material receiving assembly 11 conveys the porous particles in the material receiving assembly to the first bearing plate 33, under the action of the adsorption mechanism 4, the scrap iron in the porous particles can be adsorbed and discharged, and after the impurity removal process of the scrap iron is completed, the porous particles on the first bearing plate 33 can be conveyed to the material receiving assembly 11 again;
step three, a screening process, namely conveying porous particles to a screening mechanism 5 by a material receiving assembly 11, completing screening work of different particles with different sizes, and conveying the porous particles with different sizes into different material receiving barrels 1111;
step four, a mixing procedure, namely conveying porous particles with different sizes to the upper ends of the second bearing plate 34 and the third bearing plate 35 respectively, and matching the upper ends with a mixing mechanism 6 to realize the mixing work of the porous particles and oil;
And fifthly, a discharging procedure, namely, porous particles with different sizes after the mixing work is finished pass through the first discharging plate 36 and the second discharging plate 37 respectively, and the discharging work is finished.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "front and rear", "left and right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or component in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Of course, in this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that the term "a" or "an" is to be interpreted as "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, and in another embodiment, the number of elements may be multiple, and the term "a" is not to be construed as limiting the number.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art under the technical teaching of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive utilizing a secondary oil comprising:
the conveying mechanism is provided with a plurality of groups of material receiving components for taking out the porous particles from the storage mechanism, the material receiving components are matched with the adsorption mechanism to complete the scrap iron removing work in the porous particles in the process of penetrating through the bearing mechanism, and are matched with the screening mechanism and the mixing mechanism to respectively complete the mixing work of the porous particles with different sizes and small sizes and oil liquid;
The bearing mechanism comprises an inner barrel sleeved on the outer side of the material receiving assembly, an outer barrel concentrically arranged with the inner barrel, and a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a third bearing plate, a first discharging plate and a second discharging plate which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and are arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, wherein the first bearing plate, the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inner barrel, and the first discharging plate and the second discharging plate are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the outer barrel;
The material receiving assembly comprises a material receiving unit a, a material receiving unit b and a material receiving unit c which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the conveying mechanism;
The receiving unit a comprises a receiving barrel fixedly arranged on the conveying mechanism, a baffle plate arranged in the receiving barrel shell in a sliding manner through a reset spring and a control block arranged at the upper end of the baffle plate;
the inner barrel is provided with a plurality of notches for the porous particles to pass through at the position corresponding to the striker plate, and the inner wall of the inner barrel is provided with a pushing block at the position corresponding to the control block;
The adsorption mechanism comprises a first pushing component, an adsorption component and a discharge component, wherein the first pushing component is arranged at the upper end of the first bearing plate and used for pushing the porous particles back into the receiving component, the adsorption component is used for adsorbing scrap iron in the porous particles, and the discharge component is used for discharging the scrap iron in the adsorption component;
The first pushing assembly comprises a baffle plate which is arranged on the outer barrel in a sliding manner and is attached to the upper end face of the first bearing plate, a first telescopic unit for controlling the baffle plate to slide on the outer barrel, a pushing plate arranged on one side of the baffle plate and used for pushing porous particles back into the receiving assembly, and a second telescopic unit for controlling the pushing plate to move;
The adsorption assembly comprises a separation plate fixedly arranged on the outer barrel, a plurality of groups of electromagnetic iron plates which are rotatably arranged on the outer barrel and provided with rotary gears on rotating shafts thereof, and a spacing rack which is arranged at the upper end of the first bearing plate and corresponds to the rotary gears;
The discharging assembly comprises an adsorption plate connected with the upper end of the electromagnetic iron plate through a third telescopic unit, a collecting barrel arranged on the outer side of the outer barrel and a scraping plate arranged in the collecting barrel and used for scraping scrap iron on the adsorption plate.
2. The system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive using secondary oil according to claim 1, wherein the screening mechanism comprises a screening plate and a material guiding plate which are fixedly arranged in the outer barrel and are arranged in parallel up and down;
the screening plate and the material guiding plate are spiral, and a plurality of screening holes are formed in the screening plate.
3. The system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive using secondary oil according to claim 1, wherein the mixing mechanism comprises a second pushing assembly respectively arranged at the upper ends of the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate, a mixing assembly arranged at one side of the second pushing assembly, and a spraying assembly for injecting oil into porous particles.
4. The preparation system of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive utilizing secondary oil according to claim 3, wherein the mixing assembly comprises a stirring rod rotatably arranged on the outer barrel and provided with a driving gear on a rotating shaft thereof, a driving rack arranged at the upper end of the second bearing plate and corresponding to the driving gear, a sliding plate arranged at one side of the stirring rod and slidingly arranged on the outer barrel, and a driving plate connected with the second pushing assembly and used for controlling the sliding plate to lift;
the spraying assembly comprises an oil storage barrel arranged on the outer side of the outer barrel, an oil pipe connected with the oil storage barrel and a plurality of oil injection units communicated with the oil pipe and arranged at the upper end of the stirring rod.
5. The system for preparing a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by using secondary oil according to claim 1, wherein the storage mechanism comprises a storage barrel arranged at the lower end of the bearing mechanism and lifting plates connected to two sides inside the storage barrel through a plurality of connecting springs.
6. A process for the preparation of a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive utilizing a secondary oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising the steps of:
Step one, a material receiving procedure, namely, a plurality of material receiving components are circularly moved under the drive of a conveying mechanism, and porous particles are taken out from the inside of a material storage mechanism and conveyed to a bearing mechanism;
step two, the impurity removal process, the material receiving assembly conveys the porous particles in the material receiving assembly to the first bearing plate, under the action of the adsorption mechanism, the scrap iron in the porous particles can be adsorbed and discharged, and after the impurity removal process of the scrap iron is completed, the porous particles on the first bearing plate can be conveyed to the interior of the material receiving assembly again;
step three, a screening procedure, namely conveying porous particles to a screening mechanism by a material receiving component, completing screening work of different particles with different sizes, and conveying the porous particles with different sizes into different material receiving barrels;
Step four, a mixing procedure, namely conveying porous particles with different sizes to the upper ends of the second bearing plate and the third bearing plate respectively, and matching with a mixing mechanism to realize the mixing work of the porous particles and oil;
and fifthly, a discharging procedure, namely respectively passing through the first discharging plate and the second discharging plate by porous particles with different sizes after the mixing work is finished, and finishing the discharging work.
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| CN202310454339.8A CN116514613B (en) | 2023-04-25 | 2023-04-25 | System and method for preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by utilizing secondary oil |
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