CN116512007A - Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device - Google Patents
Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116512007A CN116512007A CN202310545621.7A CN202310545621A CN116512007A CN 116512007 A CN116512007 A CN 116512007A CN 202310545621 A CN202310545621 A CN 202310545621A CN 116512007 A CN116512007 A CN 116512007A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device, and belongs to the field of machining. The invention comprises an upper plate, a vibrating mechanism, a carrier platform, an adjusting plate and a vertical plate, wherein the vibrating mechanism is arranged on the upper plate and comprises fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics and a vibrating body, 2 rows of fan-shaped grooves are arranged on the vibrating body, a grinding tool bit is arranged at the bottom of the vibrating body, the carrier platform is provided with the carrier plate, the bottom of the carrier platform is contacted with an adjusting bolt to realize up-and-down movement, the carrier platform is provided with transverse and longitudinal through grooves for the transverse and longitudinal movement of the carrier platform, the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves excite bending vibration, the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics arranged in the lower row of fan-shaped grooves excite longitudinal vibration, and the longitudinal and bending vibration are compounded on the surface of the grinding tool bit to generate elliptical ultrasonic vibration for grinding a workpiece. The ultrasonic elliptic vibration processing belongs to intermittent grinding, and can effectively improve the temperature rise of a processed workpiece and a cutter head and ensure the processing quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding machining device.
Background
With the rapid development of high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aerospace, microelectronics and the like, the use frequency of fine parts is higher and higher, and the requirements on the processing quality such as the surface roughness of the fine parts brought by the use frequency of the fine parts are higher and higher, so that the grinding device research is widely focused by domestic and foreign personnel. The traditional grinding device takes a rotary electromagnetic motor as a power source to drive a cutter to directly grind a workpiece, dry friction occurs between the cutter and the workpiece due to direct contact, and larger grinding force is required in the machining process, so that local temperature rise of the workpiece and the cutter head is directly accelerated, a series of problems such as damage to the surface/subsurface of the workpiece, abrasion of the cutter, service life reduction and the like are caused, and even the structural shape of a fine part can be damaged, so that the grinding device cannot be normally applied. In addition, in some special fields such as aerospace, the grinding device can be conveniently moved to meet the grinding requirements of fine parts at any time and any place, and strict requirements are provided for the structural complexity, the size and the like of the grinding device, and the traditional electromagnetic motor usually needs external mechanisms such as a speed reducing device, a self-locking device and the like, so that the traditional grinding device is directly complicated in structure, large in size, inconvenient to move and use and limited in application in some special occasions.
In recent years, the application of the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration grinding technology in the special processing field is more extensive, and compared with the traditional grinding mode using an electromagnetic motor as a power source, the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration grinding technology has the characteristics of no electromagnetic interference, no reduction gear, simple structure, flexible design and the like, and the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration grinding technology directly carries out grinding processing on a workpiece by exciting a piezoelectric ceramic element to generate micro-amplitude (mu m magnitude) mechanical vibration of ultrasonic frequency in the processing process. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration grinding processing has the outstanding advantages of high grinding processing efficiency, small grinding temperature rise, capability of effectively improving the service life of the cutter and the like due to the special processing mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device, which aims to solve the problems that the traditional grinding device has complex structure, large volume and inconvenient moving and use in the use process and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device comprises an upper plate, a vibration mechanism, a carrier table, an adjusting plate and a vertical plate, wherein the upper plate is connected with the vibration mechanism through bolts; the vibration mechanism comprises fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics and a vibration body, wherein 2 rows of fan-shaped grooves are formed in the vibration body along the circumferential direction and used for mounting the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics, 4 upper rows of fan-shaped grooves are formed in the circumferential direction, the corresponding central angle of each upper row of fan-shaped grooves is 80 degrees, 2 lower rows of fan-shaped grooves are formed in the circumferential direction, the corresponding central angle of each lower row of fan-shaped grooves is 170 degrees, and a round table-shaped grinding cutter head is arranged at the bottom of the vibration body and connected with the vibration body through bolt fastening;
two opposite fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics in 4 fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics which are arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and along the same circumference have opposite polarization directions, and bending vibration is generated integrally when electric signal excitation is applied; the polarization directions of the 2 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics arranged along the same circumference in the lower row of fan-shaped grooves are the same, and the longitudinal vibration is generated integrally when the electric signal excitation is applied.
Preferably, 2 threaded holes are formed in the right side of the upper plate, 4 through holes are formed in the upper plate along the circumferential direction, the top end of the vibrator is of a flange-shaped structure, 4 threaded holes are formed in the top end of the vibrator along the circumferential direction of the vibrator, and the threaded holes are matched with the 4 through holes of the upper plate to realize fastening and installation of the vibrating mechanism on the upper plate through bolts; the vibration mechanism is connected with a power supply, and when the vibration mechanism works, the power supply is turned on to apply an electric signal to the piezoelectric fan-shaped electroceramic.
Preferably, a carrier plate for placing a workpiece is arranged on the carrier table, the carrier table is provided with 2 transverse through grooves and 2 longitudinal through grooves, bolts penetrate through the transverse through grooves or the longitudinal through grooves and are screwed on the carrier table to realize fastening installation of the carrier table, the transverse through grooves and the longitudinal through grooves are respectively used for realizing transverse and longitudinal adjustment of the carrier plate, and threaded holes for installing sliding blocks are formed in the side surfaces of the carrier table.
Preferably, the middle part of the adjusting plate is provided with a threaded hole for penetrating through the adjusting bolt, the end part of the adjusting bolt is a ball head mechanism and is contacted with the lower surface of the carrier table, the lower surface of the adjusting plate is provided with 4 supporting feet, the side surface of the adjusting plate is provided with a threaded hole, and the adjusting plate is installed on the vertical plate through the bolt.
Preferably, the cross section of the vibration mechanism is circular; the number of layers of the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and the lower row of fan-shaped grooves is even.
Preferably, the height of the supporting feet on the lower surface of the adjusting plate is higher than that of the adjusting bolts.
Preferably, the upper plate, the vibration mechanism, the carrier table and the adjusting plate are all located on the same side of the vertical plate.
Preferably, the vertical plate is provided with 2 parallel arrangement's guide rail, and the slider cooperation of guide rail and carrier platform side realizes carrier platform reciprocating adjustment through adjusting bolt, and vertical plate top is provided with 2 parallel groove structures of row, and the bolt passes the groove structure and screws up in the screw hole of loading board side and realize loading board fastening installation, and the groove structure can realize loading board and vibration mechanism whole reciprocates adjustment.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, longitudinal and bending vibration of the vibration mechanism is compounded on the surface of the grinding tool bit to generate micro-amplitude (tens of micrometers) elliptical ultrasonic vibration, so that the workpiece is ground under the action of pre-pressure between the workpiece and the grinding tool bit, the elliptical ultrasonic vibration is used for grinding in an intermittent grinding state instead of continuous grinding for a long time, thus the temperature rise of the surface of the workpiece and the grinding tool bit can be effectively reduced, the surface/subsurface damage of the workpiece and the abrasion condition of the tool are reduced, the machining efficiency can be effectively improved, and the grinding quality can be effectively improved. In addition, the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device has the advantages of flexible structural design, simple structure and small volume (the diameter of the vibration mechanism is usually in the order of mm-cm), so that the piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device is very convenient to move and carry, is not affected by electromagnetic interference, can grind fine parts at any time and any place in the fields of aerospace and the like, and can ensure the machining quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a structure of 4 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics installed in upper-row fan-shaped grooves and arranged along the same circumference;
wherein: "+" and "-" represent the polarization directions of the respective fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of 2 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics arranged along the same circumference and installed in a lower row of fan-shaped grooves;
wherein: "+" represents the polarization direction of the corresponding sector-shaped piezoelectric ceramic.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings in the specification.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention comprises an upper plate 1, a vibrating mechanism 2, a carrier platform 3, an adjusting plate 4 and a vertical plate 5, wherein the upper plate 1, the vibrating mechanism 2, the carrier platform 3 and the adjusting plate 4 are all positioned on the same side of the vertical plate 5, and the vibrating mechanism 2 is connected with a power supply. The right side of the upper plate 1 is provided with 2 threaded holes, and the upper plate 1 is provided with 4 through holes along the circumferential direction. The cross section of vibration mechanism 2 is circular, specifically includes fan-shaped piezoceramics 7 and vibration body 8, vibration body 8 top is flange form structure, set up 4 screw holes along its circumferencial direction, this screw hole cooperates through bolt 6 with 4 through-holes of upper plate 1 and realizes vibration mechanism 2 fastening installation in upper plate 1, vibration body 8 sets up 2 rows of fan-shaped grooves along the circumferencial direction for install fan-shaped piezoceramics 7, go up row fan-shaped groove along the circumferencial direction and set up 4, the central angle that every goes up row fan-shaped groove corresponds is 80 degrees, lower row fan-shaped groove sets up 2 along the circumferencial direction, the central angle that every row fan-shaped groove corresponds down is 170 degrees, vibration body 8 bottom sets up round platform shape grinding tool bit 9, through bolt 6 fastening connection between grinding tool bit 9 and the vibration body 8.
Further, a carrier plate 10 for placing a workpiece is arranged on the carrier table 3, 2 transverse through grooves and 2 longitudinal through grooves are formed in the carrier table 3, bolts 6 penetrate through the transverse through grooves or the longitudinal through grooves and are screwed on the carrier table 3 to realize fastening installation of the carrier table 3, the transverse through grooves and the longitudinal through grooves are respectively used for realizing transverse and longitudinal adjustment of the carrier plate 10, and threaded holes for installing sliding blocks are formed in the side faces of the carrier table 3.
Further, the middle part of the adjusting plate 4 is provided with a threaded hole for penetrating through the adjusting bolt 14, the end part of the adjusting bolt 14 is a ball head mechanism and is in contact with the lower surface of the carrier table 3, the lower surface of the adjusting plate 4 is provided with 4 supporting feet 11, the height of the supporting feet 11 is higher than that of the adjusting bolt 14, the side surface of the adjusting plate 4 is provided with a threaded hole, and the adjusting plate is installed on the vertical plate 5 through the bolt 6. The vertical plate 5 is provided with 2 guide rails 12 which are arranged in parallel, the guide rails 12 are matched with sliding blocks on the side face of the carrier table 3, the carrier table moves up and down to be adjusted through adjusting bolts 14, 2 rows of parallel groove structures 13 are arranged at the top of the vertical plate 5, bolts 6 penetrate through the groove structures 13 to be screwed into threaded holes on the side face of the upper plate 1 to achieve fastening installation of the upper plate 1, and the groove structures 13 can achieve overall up-down movement adjustment of the upper plate 1 and the vibration mechanism 2.
Further, the number of layers of the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics 7 installed in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and the lower row of fan-shaped grooves is even. The polarization directions of two opposite pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics 7 in 4 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics 7 which are arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and along the same circumference are opposite, as shown in fig. 2, after an excitation electric signal with the phase phi is applied, one piece of the opposite pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics is thickened and the other piece of the opposite pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics is thinned, so that bending vibration is generated as a whole; the 2 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics 7 arranged along the same circumference in the lower row of fan-shaped grooves have the same polarization direction, and as shown in fig. 3, thin or thick deformation is generated after an excitation signal with the phase of phi + -90 DEG is applied, so that longitudinal vibration is generated as a whole. The bending vibration and the longitudinal vibration have an orthogonal relationship, and the lower surface of the grinding tool bit 9 at the end part of the vibration mechanism 2 generates an elliptical vibration track through vibration recombination in the two orthogonal directions, so that the grinding processing of a workpiece is further realized.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a compound meticulous part abrasive machining device of piezoelectricity ultrasonic vibration, includes upper plate (1), vibration mechanism (2), carrier platform (3), regulating plate (4) and vertical board (5), its characterized in that: the upper plate (1) is connected with the vibration mechanism (2) through a bolt (6); the vibration mechanism (2) comprises fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7) and a vibration body (8), wherein the vibration body (8) is provided with 2 rows of fan-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction and used for mounting the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7), the upper rows of fan-shaped grooves are provided with 4 rows of fan-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction, the corresponding central angle of each upper row of fan-shaped grooves is 80 degrees, the lower rows of fan-shaped grooves are provided with 2 rows of fan-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction, the corresponding central angle of each lower row of fan-shaped grooves is 170 degrees, the bottom of the vibration body (8) is provided with a truncated cone-shaped grinding cutter head (9), and the grinding cutter heads (9) are fixedly connected with the vibration body (8) through bolts (6);
the polarization directions of two opposite fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7) in 4 fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7) which are arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and along the same circumference are opposite, and bending vibration is generated integrally when electric signal excitation is applied; the polarization directions of 2 pieces of fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7) which are arranged along the same circumference in the lower row of fan-shaped grooves are the same, and the whole piezoelectric ceramics generate longitudinal vibration when being excited by an electric signal.
2. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: 2 screw holes are formed in the right side of the upper plate (1), 4 through holes are formed in the upper plate (1) along the circumferential direction, the top end of the vibrator (8) is of a flange-shaped structure, 4 screw holes are formed in the top end of the vibrator along the circumferential direction of the vibrator, and the screw holes are matched with the 4 through holes of the upper plate (1) to realize that the vibration mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on the upper plate (1) through bolts (6).
3. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that a carrier plate (10) for placing a workpiece is arranged on the carrier table (3), 2 transverse through grooves and 2 longitudinal through grooves are formed in the carrier table (3), bolts (6) penetrate through the transverse through grooves or the longitudinal through grooves and are screwed on the carrier table (3), and threaded holes for installing sliding blocks are formed in the side faces of the carrier table (3).
4. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the adjusting plate (4) is provided with a threaded hole for penetrating through the adjusting bolt (14), the end part of the adjusting bolt (14) is a ball head mechanism and is in contact with the lower surface of the carrier table (3), 4 supporting feet (11) are arranged on the lower surface of the adjusting plate (4), the side surface of the adjusting plate (4) is provided with a threaded hole, and the adjusting plate is installed on the vertical plate (5) through the bolt (6).
5. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of layers of the fan-shaped piezoelectric ceramics (7) arranged in the upper row of fan-shaped grooves and the lower row of fan-shaped grooves is even.
6. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the vibration mechanism (2) is circular.
7. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the supporting feet (11) on the lower surface of the adjusting plate (4) is higher than that of the adjusting bolts (14).
8. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper plate (1), the vibrating mechanism (2), the carrier table (3) and the adjusting plate (4) are all positioned on the same side of the vertical plate (5).
9. The piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite type fine part grinding device according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical plate (5) is provided with 2 guide rails (12) of parallel arrangement, and slider cooperation of guide rail (12) and carrier platform (3) side realizes carrier platform reciprocating adjustment through adjusting bolt (14), and vertical plate (5) top is provided with 2 parallel groove structures (13) of row, and bolt (6) pass groove structures (13) screw up in the screw hole of upper plate (1) side and realize upper plate (1) fastening installation, and groove structures (13) can realize upper plate (1) and vibration mechanism (2) whole reciprocating adjustment.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202310545621.7A CN116512007A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device |
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CN202310545621.7A CN116512007A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibration composite fine part grinding device |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN117484291A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 中北大学 | Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary polishing device |
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2023
- 2023-05-16 CN CN202310545621.7A patent/CN116512007A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117484291A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 中北大学 | Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary polishing device |
CN117484291B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-03-29 | 中北大学 | Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary polishing device |
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