CN116511738A - Metal laser drilling and inner wall efficient electrolysis post-treatment processing method and device with thermal barrier coating - Google Patents
Metal laser drilling and inner wall efficient electrolysis post-treatment processing method and device with thermal barrier coating Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical group [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for metal laser drilling with a thermal barrier coating and high-efficiency electrolytic aftertreatment processing of an inner wall, and belongs to the field of special processing. The invention realizes high-efficiency drilling by laser; while the micro holes are drilled through, the capillary force enables the electrolyte to fill the micro holes and overflow from the upper surface part; introducing a cryogenic environment above to realize instant freezing of the electrolyte containing the carbon nano tubes in the micropores, and perfectly fitting the shape of the conductive icicle with the inner wall of the hole; then, using a net electrode on the thermal barrier coating as a cathode, using a metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating as an anode, and gradually melting the ice column by generated current and starting electrolysis on the inner wall; the low pressure environment introduced below causes the electrolyte to begin to flow inside the pores, further electrolyses the inner walls and carries away the processed product. The method ensures that the heat damage position of the inner wall of the hole is isolated by oxygen to the greatest extent and is subjected to accurate electrolytic treatment, and simultaneously, the melted electrolyte can carry out secondary electrolytic treatment on the heat damage position and take away products, so that the wall of the high-quality air film hole can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special processing, in particular to a device and a method for metal laser drilling with a thermal barrier coating and high-efficiency electrolytic aftertreatment processing of an inner wall.
Background
Improving the high temperature resistance of turbine blades is a key to improving the aeroengine technology, and the current mainstream methods are a gas film cooling technology and a thermal barrier coating technology. The thermal barrier coating has low thermal conductivity, can reduce the temperature of the blade substrate, plays a role in thermal protection, and simultaneously forms a layer of cooling air film with low temperature on the surface of the blade by spraying cold air into high-temperature air flow, so that the temperature of the surface of the blade is reduced.
The blade air film hole has the characteristics of small aperture, large quantity, high depth-diameter ratio, complex space angle and extremely high quality requirement, and is mainly processed by adopting modes such as electric spark, long pulse laser, electrohydraulic beam current and the like at present. Because the thermal barrier coating is not conductive, the electrical processing technology cannot realize processing; the traditional long pulse laser can cause defects of coating surface falling, cracks, coating edge breakage and the like; the electro-hydraulic beam current has low processing efficiency, difficult hole type control, corrosive electrolyte and difficult processing of special holes; secondary processing can be realized by the combined processing modes of electrohydraulic beam current, electrochemistry, laser, electric spark and the like, but the uniformity of holes is limited to a certain extent.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN112171184A discloses a composite processing method of a blade air film hole, wherein laser is utilized to drill a required air film hole on a thermal barrier coating alloy substrate; then, taking the drill bit rotating at a high speed as a cathode, taking a blade as an anode, moving the drill bit up and down, carrying out online electrolysis post-treatment on the gas film hole of the metal matrix part, and eliminating the defects of residual stress, heat affected zone and the like in the drilling process; simultaneously, micro abrasive particles are suspended in the electrolyte, and under the drive of a drill bit rotating at a high speed, the hole wall is scratched by micro impact, so that a grinding and polishing-like effect is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for processing metal with a thermal barrier coating by laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolytic aftertreatment of an inner wall, thereby solving the difficult problems of difficult processing of the metal with the thermal barrier coating and great thermal damage.
The present invention achieves the above technical object by the following means.
A metal laser drilling and inner wall high-efficiency electrolysis post-treatment processing method with a thermal barrier coating comprises the following steps: carrying out laser micropore punching on the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, filling electrolyte into micropores, and freezing the electrolyte in the micropores to enable the electrolyte to be frozen into micro icicles; the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is used as an anode, and the netlike electrode is used as a cathode to electrochemically process the inner wall of the micropore so as to eliminate or reduce the heat damage of the inner wall caused by laser processing the micropore.
According to the scheme, micropores are formed in the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through laser, the lower side of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is contacted with electrolyte, and when laser drilling is completed, the electrolyte fills the micropores under the action of the change factors of capillary force and optical breakdown pressure and overflows on the upper surface of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, and liquid drop bulges are formed near inlets of the micropores; and introducing a cryogenic environment above the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, instantly freezing electrolyte in the micropores, forming electrolyte icicles in the micropores after laser drilling is completed, attaching the icicles to the inner walls of the micropores, and forming microprotrusions at the inlets of the micropores.
In the scheme, the electrolyte contains the carbon nano tube, and the carbon nano tube can form a conductive network after freezing so as to endow the ice column with conductivity.
In the scheme, a reticular electrode is adopted as a cathode, is attached to the upper surface of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating and is connected with each micro-ice column through micro-protrusions at the micropore inlets; the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is used as an anode, an external direct current pulse power supply is connected to generate current, heat is generated on the interface between the ice column and the microporous inner wall, the ice column is gradually melted, and meanwhile, the inner wall of the hole starts to electrolyze.
In the scheme, a low-pressure environment is introduced below the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, after the micro-ice column is completely melted, electrolyte starts to flow through the micropores from top to bottom under the action of an upper pressure difference and a lower pressure difference, further electrolytic treatment is carried out on the inner walls of the micropores, and meanwhile, a processed product is taken away.
In the scheme, the electrolyte is stirred by the stirring device to provide a low-pressure environment.
In the scheme, the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is a DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade.
The processing device with the thermal barrier coating metal laser drilling and inner wall efficient electrolytic post-processing method comprises an optical path system, an electrolytic processing system, a cooling system and a stirring system, wherein the optical path system comprises a laser, an optical fiber and a focusing lens; the laser is connected with the optical fiber, laser is irradiated onto the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through the focusing lens, the upper end of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is arranged in the cooling system, and the electrolytic machining system comprises a direct current pulse power supply, a voltmeter, an ammeter and a netlike electrode; the positive electrode of the direct current pulse power supply is connected with the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, the negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply is connected with the netlike electrode, and electrolytic reaction is observed and regulated through the voltmeter and the ammeter; the cooling system comprises a pressure supply device, a cylindrical cryogenic sealing device, a vaporization spray head and a liquid nitrogen storage tank; the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank is pressurized by the pressure supply device, is conveyed to a circulation hole of the cylindrical cryogenic sealing device through a pipeline, and is finally sprayed above the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through the vaporization spray head, so that a cryogenic environment is formed; the stirring system comprises an anchor type stirring device; the anchor stirring device is positioned in the middle of the processing groove, when the blades rotate at high speed, a spinning phenomenon can be generated, and a low-pressure environment is formed below the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating.
In the scheme, the electrolyte is sodium nitrate or sodium chloride, and the mass fraction is 10% -30%.
In the above scheme, the laser is a nanosecond or picosecond laser.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) According to the invention, the electrolyte containing the carbon nano tube is frozen in the air film hole by utilizing capillary force and a cryogenic environment while laser drilling, so that electrolytic treatment is further performed. The oxygen is effectively isolated, the icicle is precisely attached to the inner wall of the hole, and thermal damage is reduced.
(2) The interface of the hole wall generates heat and the low-pressure environment, and ice melts down to carry out secondary electrolytic treatment on the hole wall, so that the polishing effect is generated, and the quality of the inner wall of the air film hole is further improved; at the same time, the melted electrolyte can efficiently carry away the product.
(3) The method is efficient and accurate, and the problem that the conventional electric processing method cannot process the thermal barrier coating is solved by laser processing; the high-efficiency and accurate electrolytic treatment of the conductive ice solves the problems of low alloy processing efficiency and thermal damage of laser processing.
(4) The method of the invention can obtain maximum oxygen isolation and accurate electrolytic treatment at the heat injury position of the inner wall of the hole, and simultaneously, the melted electrolyte can carry out secondary electrolytic treatment on the heat injury position and take away products, thereby obtaining the wall of the high-quality air film hole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a processing diagram of laser drilling and efficient electrolytic aftertreatment of an inner wall of a metal with a thermal barrier coating according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the addition of a DC pulse power supply and mesh electrode to the system of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cylindrical cryogenic seal device of fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
1-a laser; 2-optical fiber; 3-focusing lens; 4-a pressure supply device; 5-a cylindrical cryogenic seal device; 6-vaporizing spray heads; 7-a liquid nitrogen storage tank; 8-a metal workpiece with a thermal barrier coating; 9-a processing groove; 10-clamping; 11-anchor stirring device; 12-direct current pulse power supply; 13-voltmeter; 14-ammeter; 15-mesh electrode; 16-flow holes; 17-an outer cylinder; 18-insulating sealant; 19-inner cylinder.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
A processing method for laser drilling and efficient electrolytic aftertreatment of an inner wall of a gas film hole with a thermal barrier coating comprises the following steps:
step one, realizing efficient drilling of a metal workpiece with a thermal barrier coating by laser, wherein the hole diameter is small, the inclination angle and the drilling position are adjustable; the lower part of the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating is contacted with electrolyte, and simultaneously, the electrolyte fills micropores under the action of factors such as capillary force, optical breakdown pressure change and the like while laser drilling is completed, overflows from the upper surface of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, and forms droplet bulges near the inlets of the micropores; introducing a deep cooling environment above the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating, realizing instantaneous freezing of electrolyte in micropores, forming electrolyte icicles in the holes after laser drilling is finished, perfectly fitting the shape of the icicles with the inner walls of the holes, and forming microprotrusions at the inlets of the holes; the electrolyte is special electrolyte, the inside of the electrolyte contains carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes can form a conductive network after freezing to endow the ice column with conductivity;
step two, adopting a mesh electrode 15 as a cathode, attaching the mesh electrode with the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating, and connecting each ice column through a microprotrusion at the inlet of the hole; the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating is taken as an anode, an external direct current pulse power supply 12 is connected to generate current, heat is generated on the interface between the ice column and the inner wall of the hole, the micro ice column is gradually melted, and meanwhile, the inner wall starts to electrolyze, so that the thermal damage of the inner wall caused by laser processing is eliminated or reduced; meanwhile, electrolyte is arranged above the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating, a low-pressure environment is introduced below the metal workpiece, after the micro-ice column is completely melted, the electrolyte starts to flow through the micropore array from top to bottom under the action of the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference, the inner wall is further subjected to electrolytic treatment, and meanwhile, a processed product can be taken away efficiently.
According to the invention, when the laser drilling holes are drilled, the electrolyte fills the hole cavities, the electrolyte is broken through in a narrow range in the hole by the laser, the laser softening substances on the inner wall of the hole are efficiently peeled off by the mechanical force, and the obtained blade air film hole has small taper and high depth-diameter ratio; meanwhile, by utilizing a cryogenic environment, after the laser is perforated at a certain position, the electrolyte in the air forms micro icicles rapidly, oxygen is isolated to the greatest extent, side wall oxidation is prevented, and thermal damage is further reduced.
The electrolyte contains carbon nano tubes, so that the frozen electrolyte can form a conductive network with high conductivity.
The micro-conductive ice columns generated in the air film holes and the microprotrusion joints at the inlet can be communicated through the flexible reticular electrodes to form a cathode array, and the shape, the size, the angle and the position of the cathode array are completely matched with those of the air film holes.
The metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating is a DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade. The electrolytic machining parameters are controlled, the interface heating between the micro ice column and the inner wall of the air film hole can be controlled, the ice column is controlled to be gradually melted from outside to inside, and the flowing of electrolyte and the post-electrolysis treatment are formed; controlling the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the blade, controlling the flow velocity of electrolyte above the blade along the air film hole, carrying out secondary electrolytic treatment on the inner wall of the hole, and repeatedly polishing the surface of the inner wall.
The device comprises a light path system, an electrolytic machining system, a cooling system and a stirring system, wherein the light path system comprises a laser 1, an optical fiber 2 and a focusing lens 3; the laser 1 is connected with the optical fiber 2, and irradiates laser onto the thermal barrier coating metal workpiece 8 through the focusing lens 3, wherein the upper end of the thermal barrier coating metal workpiece 8 is arranged on the inner side of the inner cylinder 19; the electrolytic machining system comprises a direct current pulse power supply 12, a voltmeter 13, an ammeter 14 and a mesh electrode 15; the positive electrode of the direct current pulse power supply 12 is connected with the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating, the negative electrode is connected with the netlike electrode 15, and the electrolytic reaction is observed and regulated through the voltmeter 13 and the ammeter 14; the cooling system comprises a pressure supply device 4, a cylindrical cryogenic sealing device 5, a vaporization spray head 6 and a liquid nitrogen storage tank 7; the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank 7 is pressurized by the pressure supply device 4, is conveyed to the flow hole 16 of the cylindrical cryogenic sealing device 5 through a pipeline, and is finally sprayed above the metal workpiece 8 with the thermal barrier coating through the vaporization spray head 6, so that a cryogenic environment is formed; the stirring system comprises an anchor stirring device 11; the anchor stirring device 11 is positioned in the middle of the processing tank, and when the blades rotate at high speed, a spinning phenomenon can be generated, and a low-pressure environment is formed below the processing sample 8. The laser 1 is a nanosecond or picosecond laser. The electrolyte is neutral electrolyte, preferably sodium nitrate or sodium chloride, and the mass fraction of the electrolyte is 10% -30%.
The cylindrical cryogenic sealing device 5 comprises an outer cylinder 17 and an inner cylinder 19, wherein the outer cylinder 17 and the inner cylinder 19 are sealed by insulating sealant 18, the side wall of the inner cylinder 19 is provided with a flow hole 16, the flow hole 16 is communicated with the output end of the pressure supply device 4, and liquid nitrogen with certain pressure enters the vaporizing nozzle 6 through the flow hole 16 and then is sprayed into the inner cylinder 19 so as to freeze electrolyte in micropores of a metal workpiece 8 with a thermal barrier coating.
In the invention, the voltage of the direct current pulse power supply 12 is selected to be 3-5V, the laser power of the laser 1 is selected to be 16W, the pulse repetition frequency is selected to be 0.2MHz, and the scanning speed is selected to be 200mm/s.
Examples
In this embodiment, the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade is selected as the metal with the thermal barrier coating, first, the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade is irradiated by the laser 1 to obtain micropores, the diameter of the micropores is 100-600 μm, and a cryogenic environment is manufactured under the action of the liquid nitrogen storage tank 8, the pressure supply device 4 and the vaporization spray head 6, and meanwhile, the cylindrical cryogenic sealing device 5 ensures that the cryogenic environment closely fits the upper surface of the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade and cannot be scattered. Under the action of capillary force and the upper cryogenic environment, the carbon nanotube-containing electrolyte forms a conductive icicle attached to the wall of the micro-hole. Then, covering a mesh electrode 15 on the upper surface of the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade, taking the mesh electrode 15 as a cathode, taking the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade as an anode, switching on an external direct current pulse power supply 12 for electrolytic treatment, and gradually eliminating thermal damage caused by laser processing; during electrochemical machining, the anchor stirring device 11 is started, and is positioned in the middle of the machining groove and rotates at a high speed, the rotating speed is between 1000r/min and 1500r/min, so that a spinning phenomenon can be generated, and a low-pressure environment is generated below the DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade. Under the action of interface heating and up-down pressure difference, the icicle melts and carries out secondary electrolytic treatment on thermal damage, thereby achieving the effect of grinding and polishing and obtaining high-quality air film holes. Finally, the electrolyte efficiently takes away the processed product.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A metal laser drilling and inner wall high-efficiency electrolysis post-treatment processing method with a thermal barrier coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out laser micropore punching on the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, filling electrolyte into micropores, and freezing the electrolyte in the micropores to enable the electrolyte to be frozen into micro icicles; the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is used as an anode, and the netlike electrode is used as a cathode to electrochemically process the inner wall of the micropore so as to eliminate or reduce the heat damage of the inner wall caused by laser processing the micropore.
2. The method for processing the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall is characterized in that the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is subjected to micropore drilling through laser, electrolyte is contacted with the lower part of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, and when the laser drilling is completed, the electrolyte fills the micropores under the action of the change factors of capillary force and optical breakdown pressure, overflows on the upper surface of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, and liquid drop bulges are formed near inlets of the micropores; and introducing a cryogenic environment above the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, instantly freezing electrolyte in the micropores, forming electrolyte icicles in the micropores after laser drilling is completed, attaching the icicles to the inner walls of the micropores, and forming microprotrusions at the inlets of the micropores.
3. The method for processing the metal with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall according to claim 2 is characterized in that the electrolyte contains carbon nanotubes, and the frozen carbon nanotubes can form a conductive network to endow the icicle with conductivity.
4. The method for processing the metal with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that a reticular electrode is adopted as a cathode, is attached to the upper surface of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating and is connected with each micro-ice column through micro-protrusions at the inlet of the micro-hole; the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is used as an anode, an external direct current pulse power supply is connected to generate current, heat is generated on the interface between the ice column and the microporous inner wall, the ice column is gradually melted, and meanwhile, the inner wall of the hole starts to electrolyze.
5. The method for processing the metal with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that a low-pressure environment is introduced below the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, after the micro-ice column is completely melted, electrolyte starts to flow through the micropores from top to bottom under the action of an upper pressure difference and a lower pressure difference, further electrolysis treatment is carried out on the inner wall of the hole, and meanwhile, a processed product is taken away.
6. The method for processing the metal with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall according to claim 5 is characterized in that the electrolyte is stirred by a stirring device to provide a low-pressure environment.
7. The method for processing the metal with the thermal barrier coating through laser drilling and high-efficiency electrolysis aftertreatment of the inner wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is a DD6 nickel-based single crystal superalloy blade.
8. The processing device of the high-efficiency electrolytic post-processing method for metal laser drilling and inner wall with thermal barrier coating according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising an optical path system, an electrolytic processing system, a cooling system and a stirring system, wherein the optical path system comprises a laser, an optical fiber and a focusing lens; the laser is connected with the optical fiber, laser is irradiated onto the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through the focusing lens, the upper end of the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating is arranged in the cooling system, and the electrolytic machining system comprises a direct current pulse power supply, a voltmeter, an ammeter and a netlike electrode; the positive electrode of the direct current pulse power supply is connected with the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating, the negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply is connected with the netlike electrode, and electrolytic reaction is observed and regulated through the voltmeter and the ammeter; the cooling system comprises a pressure supply device, a cylindrical cryogenic sealing device, a vaporization spray head and a liquid nitrogen storage tank; the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage tank is pressurized by the pressure supply device, is conveyed to a circulation hole of the cylindrical cryogenic sealing device through a pipeline, and is finally sprayed above the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating through the vaporization spray head, so that a cryogenic environment is formed; the stirring system comprises an anchor type stirring device; the anchor stirring device is positioned in the middle of the processing groove, when the blades rotate at high speed, a spinning phenomenon can be generated, and a low-pressure environment is formed below the metal workpiece with the thermal barrier coating.
9. The processing device according to claim 8, wherein the electrolyte is sodium nitrate or sodium chloride, and the mass fraction thereof is 10% -30%.
10. The processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the laser is a nanosecond or picosecond laser.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116967596A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 应急管理部上海消防研究所 | Device and method for processing micro-texture on surface of water lubrication bearing of submersible pump for fire control |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116967596A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 应急管理部上海消防研究所 | Device and method for processing micro-texture on surface of water lubrication bearing of submersible pump for fire control |
| CN116967596B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-28 | 应急管理部上海消防研究所 | Device and method for processing micro-texture on surface of water lubrication bearing of submersible pump for fire control |
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