CN116511216A - Kitchen waste wet heat treatment process - Google Patents

Kitchen waste wet heat treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116511216A
CN116511216A CN202310520493.0A CN202310520493A CN116511216A CN 116511216 A CN116511216 A CN 116511216A CN 202310520493 A CN202310520493 A CN 202310520493A CN 116511216 A CN116511216 A CN 116511216A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat treatment
wet heat
kitchen waste
liquid separation
solid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310520493.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何小平
邓金华
李霞
邓天成
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Wuhan Tianji Ecology Energy Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Tianji Ecology Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202310520493.0A priority Critical patent/CN116511216A/en
Publication of CN116511216A publication Critical patent/CN116511216A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/70Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/02Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/70Kitchen refuse; Food waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kitchen waste wet heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps: carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to obtain a mixed material A; carrying out damp-heat treatment on the mixed material A to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is a mixed solution of water and methanol; and (3) carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, and separating grease and wastewater in a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation in a standing layering mode. According to the invention, the mixed solution of water and methanol is used as a solvent to perform wet heat treatment on the kitchen waste subjected to primary solid-liquid separation, so that the extraction effect of grease in the kitchen waste is improved. Meanwhile, the finally obtained grease can be directly used in the preparation process of biodiesel, the waste water can be repeatedly used in the wet heat treatment process, the process flow is simple, and the production energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Kitchen waste wet heat treatment process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a kitchen waste wet heat treatment process.
Background
The kitchen waste is organic waste such as leftovers and leftovers generated by restaurant, canteen, restaurant and the like. The kitchen waste has very complex components, improper treatment, environmental pollution and endangerment of human health. Therefore, recycling of kitchen waste has become a hot spot for global research.
In order to meet the requirements of harmless recycling treatment of kitchen waste, several applicable technologies are introduced and developed in China in recent years, and mainly comprise the following steps: physical disruption, biological treatment, drying heat treatment, damp heat treatment, and the like. The wet heat treatment is to add water into kitchen waste, heat the kitchen waste in a closed container, and control the temperature, water adding amount, time and other reaction conditions by using the water as a heat conducting mass, a reaction medium and a solvent to make the kitchen waste undergo a series of physical and chemical reactions under the action of certain pressure and temperature to obtain the required water, oil and solid three-phase products. After the reaction is finished, the solid phase can be processed through filtration, and finally can be made into feed or fertilizer, and the upper layer grease can be further recycled. However, this method has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and low extraction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a kitchen waste wet heat treatment process, and solves the technical problems of high energy consumption and low extraction efficiency of the kitchen waste wet heat treatment process in the prior art.
The invention provides a kitchen waste wet heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to obtain a mixed material A;
carrying out damp-heat treatment on the mixed material A to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is a mixed solution of water and methanol;
and (3) carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, and separating grease and wastewater in a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation in a standing layering mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the mixed solution of water and methanol is used as a solvent to perform wet heat treatment on the kitchen waste subjected to primary solid-liquid separation, so that the extraction effect of grease in the kitchen waste is improved. Meanwhile, the finally obtained grease can be directly used in the preparation process of biodiesel, the waste water can be repeatedly used in the wet heat treatment process, the process flow is simple, and the production energy consumption is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a kitchen waste wet heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on kitchen waste from which impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to obtain a mixed material A;
s2, carrying out damp-heat treatment on the mixed material A to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is a mixed solution of water and methanol;
s3, carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, and separating grease and wastewater in a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation in a standing layering mode.
According to the invention, the mixed solution of water and methanol is used as a solvent to perform wet heat treatment on the kitchen waste subjected to primary solid-liquid separation, so that the extraction effect of grease in the kitchen waste is improved. Meanwhile, the finally obtained grease can be directly used in the preparation process of biodiesel, the waste water can be repeatedly used in the wet heat treatment process, the process flow is simple, and the production energy consumption is reduced.
In this embodiment, the solid portion is pulverized to 80 mesh or less.
In this embodiment, the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1: (1-5). In the proportion range, the oil removal effect is optimal; preferably 1: (2-3).
In this embodiment, the ratio of the amount of the mixture A to the amount of the solvent is 1kg: (0.2-1) L. In the proportion range, the oil removal effect is optimal; preferably 1kg: (0.4-0.6) L.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the wet heat treatment is 120 to 180 ℃, preferably 140 to 160 ℃; the time of the wet heat treatment is 10 to 60 minutes, preferably 20 to 40 minutes. Compared with the traditional process, the method can obviously shorten the reaction time without reducing the grease removal effect, and is beneficial to reducing the production cost.
In this embodiment, both the primary solid-liquid separation and the secondary solid-liquid separation are performed by press filtration.
In this embodiment, the liquid portion obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation may be subjected to ultrasonic treatment before standing and delamination. According to the invention, the liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the oil recovery rate in the wastewater is further improved by utilizing the demulsification effect of ultrasonic waves.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ultrasonic power is 100-300W and the ultrasonic time is 10-20 min.
Examples 1 to 5
Examples 1 to 5 verify the effect of the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment on the grease removal effect of kitchen waste, and the specific procedures are as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to below 80 meshes to obtain a mixed material A;
(2) Mixing 1kg of the mixed material A with 0.4L of a methanol-water mixed solvent, and performing wet heat treatment at 160 ℃ for 30min to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein, the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1: (1-5);
(3) Carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation, and then standing and layering to obtain grease and wastewater; wherein, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 10min.
TABLE 1
Water and its preparation method Methanol Grease removal Rate (%)
Example 1 1 1 83.7
Example 2 1 2 90.1
Example 3 1 3 92.3
Example 4 1 4 87.6
Example 5 1 5 85.5
As can be seen from table 1, in the system of the present invention, the volume ratio of water to methanol is 1: in the range of (2-3), the oil removal effect is the highest.
Examples 6 to 10
Examples 6 to 10 verify the effect of the ratio of the amount of the mixture A to the amount of the solvent used in the wet heat treatment on the grease removal effect of the kitchen waste, and the specific procedures are as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
(1) Carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to below 80 meshes to obtain a mixed material A;
(2) Mixing 1kg of the mixed material A with 0.2-1L of a methanol-water mixed solvent, and performing wet heat treatment at 160 ℃ for 30min to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein, the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1:3.
(3) Carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation, and then standing and layering to obtain grease and wastewater; wherein, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 10min.
TABLE 2
Mixed material A (kg) Solvent (L) Grease removal Rate (%)
Example 6 1 0.2 86.7
Example 7 1 0.4 92.3
Example 8 1 0.6 93.1
Example 9 1 0.8 93.4
Example 10 1 1 93.2
As can be seen from Table 2, in the system of the present invention, the ratio of the amount of the mixture A to the amount of the solvent used for the wet heat treatment was 1kg: in the range of (0.4-0.6) L, the grease removing effect is higher, and excessive solvent consumption is avoided.
Examples 11 to 14
Examples 11 to 14 verify the effect of the temperature of the wet heat treatment on the grease removal effect of the kitchen waste, and the specific procedure is as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
(1) Carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to below 80 meshes to obtain a mixed material A;
(2) Mixing 1kg of the mixed material A with 0.4L of a methanol-water mixed solvent, and performing wet heat treatment at 120-180 ℃ for 30min to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein, the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1:3.
(3) Carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation, and then standing and layering to obtain grease and wastewater; wherein, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 10min.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Temperature of damp-heat treatment (DEG C) Grease removal Rate (%)
Example 11 120 85.7
Example 12 140 90.8
Example 13 160 92.3
Example 14 180 73.4
As can be seen from Table 3, the system of the present invention has the highest grease removal effect when the temperature of the wet heat treatment is in the range of 140 to 160 ℃.
Examples 15 to 20
Examples 15 to 20 verify the effect of the time of the wet heat treatment on the grease removal effect of the kitchen waste, and the specific procedure is as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
(1) Carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to below 80 meshes to obtain a mixed material A;
(2) Mixing 1kg of the mixed material A with 0.4L of a methanol-water mixed solvent, and performing wet heat treatment at 160 ℃ for 10-60 min to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease; wherein, the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1:3.
(3) Carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation, and then standing and layering to obtain grease and wastewater; wherein, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the ultrasonic time is 10min.
TABLE 4 Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, the system of the present invention has the highest grease removal effect, with the time of the wet heat treatment being in the range of 20 to 40 minutes.
Comparative example 1
Compared to example 3, the only difference is that: in the wet heat treatment, the solvent was 0.4L of water.
In this comparative example, the grease removal rate was 65.2%.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out primary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste from which the impurities are separated, and crushing a solid part obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation to obtain a mixed material A;
carrying out damp-heat treatment on the mixed material A to obtain a mixed material B containing solids, wastewater and grease;
carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation on the mixed material B, and separating grease and wastewater in a liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation in a standing layering mode;
wherein the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is a mixed solution of water and methanol.
2. The wet heat treatment process of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the solid fraction obtained by the primary solid-liquid separation is crushed to 80 mesh or less.
3. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1: (1-5).
4. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of water to methanol in the solvent used for the wet heat treatment is 1: (2-3).
5. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the mixed material A to the solvent is 1kg: (0.2-1) L.
6. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the mixed material A to the solvent is 1kg: (0.4-0.6) L.
7. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the wet heat treatment is 120-180 ℃, and the time of the wet heat treatment is 10-60 min.
8. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the wet heat treatment is 140-160 ℃, and the time of the wet heat treatment is 20-40 min.
9. The wet heat treatment process of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the liquid part obtained by the secondary solid-liquid separation is subjected to ultrasonic treatment before standing and delamination.
10. The kitchen waste wet heat treatment process according to claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic power is 100-300W and the ultrasonic time is 10-20 min.
CN202310520493.0A 2023-05-10 2023-05-10 Kitchen waste wet heat treatment process Pending CN116511216A (en)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101642188A (en) * 2009-09-04 2010-02-10 清华大学 Method for producing protein feed material by utilizing food wastes
CN102151683A (en) * 2010-12-02 2011-08-17 北京工商大学 Damp and heat fermentation comprehensive harmless and resource processing system for kitchen waste
CN102492556A (en) * 2011-12-08 2012-06-13 北京化工大学 Treatment method for extracting grease from kitchen waste and performing biogas fermentation on kitchen waste
CN102703514A (en) * 2012-05-24 2012-10-03 无锡丰陆环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste disposal method and anaerobic fermentation reaction device
CN102921704A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-02-13 都市高科(北京)环境科技有限公司 Harmless disposal method of kitchen garbage
CN105733693A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-07-06 江苏大学 Method for preparing biological oil by co-liquefaction of algae and lignocellulosic biomass
CN107189862A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-09-22 苏州同德环保科技有限公司 A kind of three sections of oil extracting process of kitchen garbage
CN216997772U (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-07-19 四川发展中恒能环境科技有限公司 Ultrasonic demulsification device for kitchen wastewater
CN115318810A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-11 浙江工业大学 Kitchen waste disposal method for producing bio-oil and methane by using ethanol-water co-liquefaction coupled anaerobic fermentation

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101642188A (en) * 2009-09-04 2010-02-10 清华大学 Method for producing protein feed material by utilizing food wastes
CN102151683A (en) * 2010-12-02 2011-08-17 北京工商大学 Damp and heat fermentation comprehensive harmless and resource processing system for kitchen waste
CN102492556A (en) * 2011-12-08 2012-06-13 北京化工大学 Treatment method for extracting grease from kitchen waste and performing biogas fermentation on kitchen waste
CN102703514A (en) * 2012-05-24 2012-10-03 无锡丰陆环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste disposal method and anaerobic fermentation reaction device
CN102921704A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-02-13 都市高科(北京)环境科技有限公司 Harmless disposal method of kitchen garbage
CN105733693A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-07-06 江苏大学 Method for preparing biological oil by co-liquefaction of algae and lignocellulosic biomass
CN107189862A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-09-22 苏州同德环保科技有限公司 A kind of three sections of oil extracting process of kitchen garbage
CN216997772U (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-07-19 四川发展中恒能环境科技有限公司 Ultrasonic demulsification device for kitchen wastewater
CN115318810A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-11 浙江工业大学 Kitchen waste disposal method for producing bio-oil and methane by using ethanol-water co-liquefaction coupled anaerobic fermentation

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