CN116505137A - Bionic impact-resistant light-weight new energy automobile battery pack - Google Patents
Bionic impact-resistant light-weight new energy automobile battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN116505137A CN116505137A CN202310768876.XA CN202310768876A CN116505137A CN 116505137 A CN116505137 A CN 116505137A CN 202310768876 A CN202310768876 A CN 202310768876A CN 116505137 A CN116505137 A CN 116505137A
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- proof valve
- valve body
- buffer cell
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 244000241796 Christia obcordata Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010015780 Viral Core Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
- H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic impact-resistant light-weight new energy automobile battery pack, which relates to the technical field of battery packs and comprises a battery pack shell, wherein the lower end of the battery pack shell is in threaded connection with an air inlet pipe outlet, and the air inlet pipe inlet is communicated with an air conditioner cold air pipe; the battery package shell circumference intercommunication has a plurality of tuber pipes, the export of a plurality of tuber pipes is through polymerization pipe and play tuber pipe mouth intercommunication, be equipped with the bent in the battery package shell, it has a plurality of fixed orificess that are used for retraining the cylinder electricity core to distribute on the bent, battery package shell lower extreme passes through bottom bolt and vehicle chassis fastening connection, battery package shell upper end passes through fastening bolt and explosion-proof valve subassembly to be connected, niTi energy-absorbing buffer cell roof beam sets up on the bent and be porous lattice structure, the cylinder electricity core sets up in the fixed orifices, heat conduction silicone grease fills between NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell roof beam and cylinder electricity core, explosion-proof valve subassembly is used for when battery package thermal runaway condition appears, discharge high temperature high pressure gas through circuitous route steady.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a bionic impact-resistant light-weight new energy automobile battery pack.
Background
With the vigorous development of new energy automobiles, the battery is the most important part on the new energy automobiles, namely a power battery, and is focused on each large automobile enterprise. Battery packages such as blade batteries, kylin batteries, 4680 batteries, soft package batteries and the like are endless, but the test of the final finished product is free from the problems of water resistance, vibration reduction, flame retardance, heat dissipation (thermal management), puncture resistance and energy density. In the mandatory standards of the electric automobile in the country of 2020, the requirements of thermal safety, mechanical safety, electrical safety and functional safety of a battery system are emphasized, and experimental items comprise thermal diffusion, external burning, mechanical impact, simulated collision, damp-heat circulation, vibration water soaking, external short circuit, over-temperature overcharge and the like of the system. The design of a new bionic battery pack must be conceived and improved by these several standards.
The standard power battery pack in the market mainly comprises an electric core, a flow guide row, a wire, a heat insulation layer, a discharge flue, a cooling plate, a transverse longitudinal beam and other supporting structures. The battery cells in the power battery are generally cylindrical, soft-package and square-shell battery cells, and different battery cells are formed in different battery package modes. In order to conveniently arrange the bionic heat dissipation channel, a cylindrical battery is selected as a battery core of the power battery pack.
Power batteries are a major core problem in the field of new energy automobiles, and because a large amount of heat is generated in the process of energy storage and release, the heat can have a great influence on the service life and performance of the batteries. The heat dissipation of the power cells becomes particularly important. The heat dissipation mode of the battery pack mainly comprises natural heat dissipation, forced convection heat dissipation, liquid cooling heat dissipation and the like, wherein the forced convection heat dissipation is to forcedly discharge hot air through equipment such as a heat dissipation fan and the like, so that fresh air enters a battery module for heat dissipation, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation. In the design of the internal air duct, we obtain a inspiration from the butterfly wings, which are much larger than their body, and this huge wing is very unfavorable for their survival if it is overheated by heat absorption in strong sunlight, but the butterfly wings are internally arranged with a large number of hollow structures consisting of parallel ridges and short ribs, each ridge of the butterfly wings has a hollow body structure and forms a channel, and are connected to each other by intersecting ribs, thus forming a complex multidirectional tubular structure. Researchers have found that this unique multi-directional tubular structure can effectively dissipate heat. The bionic design is carried out by taking the bionic design as a prototype, and the shape of the air channel inside the obtained battery pack can effectively improve the forced convection heat dissipation effect.
In the heat dissipation problem of the power battery, besides the heat dissipation of the basic air duct and other structural forms, the material with high heat conductivity plays a very important role, wherein the heat conductivity coefficient of the common heat conduction silicone grease is 0.8-1, and the maximum can reach 10. The battery module and the heat sink can be filled therebetween, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. Meanwhile, the heat conduction silicone grease can reduce the heat resistance between the radiating fin and the battery module, so that heat is more rapidly conducted to the external environment. In summary, the heat dissipation of a power cell has a crucial impact on its performance and life.
In terms of structural strength and shock resistance and shock absorption, the lattice structure has the advantages of high strength, good energy absorption capacity, shock resistance and the like, and has very excellent performance in the shock absorption aspect. The holes in the air duct can also meet the ventilation of air, and the air duct can be just used as an air duct, so that the air duct is multifunctional and integrated, and the high-efficiency utilization of the structure is realized.
Therefore, it is important to design a power battery pack which has good reliability, excellent heat dissipation performance, strong impact resistance and capability of ensuring the safety of passengers to the greatest extent after being impacted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of designing a new energy battery pack with light weight, high strength, energy absorption, shock absorption and excellent heat dissipation effect.
A bionic impact-resistant light-weight new energy automobile battery pack comprises a battery pack shell, wherein the lower end of the battery pack shell is in threaded connection with an air inlet pipe outlet, and an air inlet pipe inlet is communicated with an air conditioner cold air pipe;
the battery pack shell is communicated with a plurality of air outlet pipes in the circumferential direction, and the outlets of the air outlet pipes are communicated with air outlet pipe openings through a polymerization pipe;
the battery pack shell is internally provided with a bent frame, a plurality of fixing holes for restraining the cylindrical battery cells are distributed on the bent frame, the lower end of the battery pack shell is fixedly connected with the automobile chassis through a bottom bolt, and the upper end of the battery pack shell is connected with the explosion-proof valve assembly through a fastening bolt;
the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams are arranged on the bent frame, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cells are of a porous lattice structure, the cylindrical battery cells are arranged in the fixing holes, and the heat-conducting silicone grease is filled between the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams and the cylindrical battery cells;
the explosion-proof valve assembly is used for smoothly exhausting gas through a detour path when a thermal runaway condition of the battery pack occurs.
Preferably, the explosion-proof valve assembly mainly comprises an explosion-proof valve cover, a valve spring, an explosion-proof valve inner valve body, an explosion-proof valve outer valve body, a second sealing gasket, a spring connecting hole, an air hole, an integrated nut and a first sealing gasket;
the outer edge of the outer valve body of the explosion-proof valve is fixedly connected with a plurality of integrated nuts, the outer valve body of the explosion-proof valve is connected with the battery pack shell through the cooperation of the fastening bolts and the integrated nuts, a first sealing gasket is arranged between the outer valve body of the explosion-proof valve and the battery pack shell, the explosion-proof valve cover is of a circular ring structure, a second sealing gasket is arranged between the explosion-proof valve cover and the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve, a plurality of spring connecting holes are arranged on the explosion-proof valve cover and the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve, the upper end and the lower end of a valve spring are respectively connected with the spring connecting holes of the explosion-proof valve cover and the spring connecting holes of the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve, a plurality of penetrating air holes are arranged on the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve, and the valve spring is in a contracted state under normal conditions; after the gas generated in the battery pack, the internal gas pushes up the explosion-proof valve cover locked by the valve spring, so that the gas is discharged from the air hole to enter the explosion-proof valve cover, the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve and the outer valve body of the explosion-proof valve, and finally is stably discharged through a gap between the explosion-proof valve cover and the inner valve body of the explosion-proof valve.
Preferably, the NiTi energy absorption buffer cell beam is formed by a plurality of NiTi energy absorption buffer cells through a circular array.
Preferably, a heat dissipation cavity is arranged between the upper surface of the cylindrical battery cell and the valve body in the explosion-proof valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer porous lattice structure designed by imitating the vein heat dissipation structure on the butterfly wings can effectively improve the forced convection heat dissipation effect;
the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam, the buffer cell auxiliary beam and the buffer cell reinforcing beam are prepared in the battery pack by using additive manufacturing means and are constructed into a bearing beam which is completely attached to the shape of an air duct, and the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam, the buffer cell auxiliary beam and the buffer cell reinforcing beam have the advantages of light weight, high strength, energy absorption and shock absorption, and the pores in the interior of the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam, the buffer cell auxiliary beam and the buffer cell reinforcing beam just can enable air to effectively circulate, so that the functions of bearing, shock absorption, anti-collision, heat dissipation and the like are integrated into a whole;
the invention adopts a forced convection heat dissipation mode to control the heat in the battery pack, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the cold air port of the automobile air conditioner, natural air can be introduced into the battery pack, cold air of the air conditioner can be blown in, and finally the heat in the battery pack is taken away by the air outlet;
the design of the explosion-proof valve component solves the problems that the high-temperature high-pressure gas is easy to be discharged and high-speed flame is easy to be discharged in the existing general emergency direct discharge mode, the tension force of the explosion-proof valve cover and the valve body in the explosion-proof valve is regulated and controlled through the tension force of the valve spring, the stable discharge of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the battery pack is realized, the roundabout discharge path is prolonged, the discharge path is prolonged, and the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure gas discharged under the condition of thermal runaway in the battery pack can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a bent mounted inside a battery pack case;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical cell and a NiTi energy absorbing buffer cell beam, a buffer cell auxiliary beam, and a buffer cell reinforcement beam distributed inside a battery pack housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a NiTi energy absorbing buffer cell beam, a buffer cell auxiliary beam, and a buffer cell reinforcement beam;
FIG. 5 is a partially exploded schematic illustration of the explosion proof valve assembly;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the connection of the explosion proof valve cover, the explosion proof valve inner valve body and the explosion proof valve outer valve body;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a partially enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 7.
In the figure:
1. an air inlet pipe; 2. a bottom bolt;
3. a battery pack case; 31. a fixing hole; 32. an air outlet pipeline opening; 33. a through hole;
4. an air outlet pipe;
51. an explosion-proof valve cover; 52. a valve spring; 53. an explosion-proof valve inner valve body; 54. an outer valve body of the explosion-proof valve; 55. a second gasket; 56. a spring connection hole; 57. air holes; 58. an integral nut; 59. a first gasket;
6. a polymerization tube; 7. a cylindrical cell;
81. a NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam; 82. buffer cell auxiliary beams; 83. buffer cell stiffening beams;
9. and (5) a bent frame.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a bionic impact-resistant lightweight new energy automobile battery pack comprises a battery pack shell 3, wherein the lower end of the battery pack shell 3 is in threaded connection with an outlet of an air inlet pipe 1, the threaded connection is convenient for installing and detaching the air inlet pipe 1 and the battery pack shell 3, and an inlet of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with an air conditioner cold air pipe;
referring to fig. 1, a battery pack housing 3 is circumferentially communicated with a plurality of air outlet pipes 4, and the outlets of the air outlet pipes 4 are communicated with an air outlet pipe port 32 through a polymerization pipe 6; finally, the air flow with heat is discharged through the air outlet pipeline mouth 32;
referring to fig. 1 to 3, a bent 9 is arranged in a battery pack housing 3, a plurality of fixing holes 31 for restraining a cylindrical battery cell 7 are distributed on the bent 9, the bent 9 plays a role in fixing and protecting the cylindrical battery cell 7, the lower end of the battery pack housing 3 is fixedly connected with an automobile chassis through a bottom bolt 2, and the upper end of the battery pack housing 3 is connected with an explosion-proof valve assembly through a fastening bolt;
referring to fig. 2 to 4, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams 81 are arranged on the bent frame 9, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams 81 are of a porous lattice structure, the cylindrical battery cells 7 are arranged in the fixing holes 31, and the heat-conducting silicone grease is filled between the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams 81 and the cylindrical battery cells 7, so that the heat-conducting silicone grease has high heat conductivity, and is more beneficial to heat dissipation;
referring to fig. 1 to 8, the explosion-proof valve assembly is used to smoothly discharge high-temperature and high-pressure gas through a detour path when thermal runaway of a battery pack or the like occurs.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8, further, the explosion-proof valve assembly mainly includes an explosion-proof valve cover 51, a valve spring 52, an explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53, an explosion-proof valve outer valve body 54, a second sealing gasket 55, a spring connecting hole 56, an air hole 57, an integral nut 58 and a first sealing gasket 59;
the outer edge of the explosion-proof valve outer valve body 54 is fixedly connected with a plurality of integrated nuts 58, the explosion-proof valve outer valve body 54 is connected with the battery pack shell 3 through the cooperation of fastening bolts and the integrated nuts 58, a first sealing gasket 59 is arranged between the explosion-proof valve outer valve body 54 and the battery pack shell 3, the explosion-proof valve cover 51 is of a circular ring structure, a second sealing gasket 55 is arranged between the explosion-proof valve cover 51 and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53 to prevent gas leakage, a plurality of spring connecting holes 56 are arranged on the explosion-proof valve cover 51 and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53, the upper end and the lower end of the valve spring 52 are respectively connected with the spring connecting holes 56 of the explosion-proof valve cover 51 and the spring connecting holes 56 of the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53, a plurality of penetrating air holes 57 are arranged on the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53, and the valve spring 52 is in a contracted state under normal conditions; after high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated in the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve cover 51 locked by the valve spring 52 is propped open by the high-pressure gas in the battery pack, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is discharged from the air hole 57 and enters between the explosion-proof valve cover 51, the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53 and the explosion-proof valve outer valve body 54, and finally is discharged stably through gaps between the explosion-proof valve cover 51 and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body 53. The flow paths of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharge are illustrated by arrows in fig. 7 and 8.
Referring to fig. 4 and 8, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam 81 is formed by a plurality of NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cells passing through a circular array;
the multi-directional tubular structure on the butterfly wings is used as design inspiration, a multi-directional heat dissipation channel which evenly radiates outwards from the center is designed, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams 81 passing through the circular array serve as intra-ridge hollow bodies in the butterfly wings, on the basis of the multi-directional heat dissipation channel, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams 81, the buffer cell auxiliary beams 82 and the buffer cell reinforcing beams 83 are prepared through manufacturing means of selective laser melting, and the multi-channel multi-hole 3D periodic structure is more beneficial to realizing high heat dissipation and plays roles of impact protection, energy absorption, vibration absorption, heat dissipation and air exhaust on the cylindrical battery cells 7.
Referring to fig. 4, further, a buffer cell auxiliary beam 82 or a buffer cell reinforcing beam 83 is disposed between two adjacent NiTi energy absorbing buffer cell beams 81, and the buffer cell auxiliary beam 82 or the buffer cell reinforcing beam 83 has the effects of improving the impact protection effect and enhancing the heat dissipation.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, a heat dissipation cavity is further provided between the upper surface of the cylindrical battery cell 7 and the explosion-proof valve body 53.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the outside of the NiTi energy absorbing buffer cell is attached to the inner wall of the battery pack case 3.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention designs the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam 81, the buffer cell auxiliary beam 82 and the buffer cell reinforcing beam 83 by imitating the vein radiating structure on the butterfly wings, the porous lattice structure has good radiating performance, the vein radiating structure on the butterfly wings is used as a prototype for bionic design, and the shape of an internal air duct of the battery pack can effectively improve the forced convection radiating effect. Inside the battery pack, the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beam 81, the buffer cell auxiliary beam 82 and the buffer cell reinforcing beam 83 are prepared by using additive manufacturing means, and are constructed into a bearing beam which is completely attached to the shape of an air duct. And the shape memory effect of the NiTi alloy is that the battery pack can realize the self-recovery of the structure after the battery pack is subjected to small collision, and the maintenance cost of the battery pack can be reduced.
The invention adopts a forced convection heat dissipation mode to control the heat in the battery pack, the inlet of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the air conditioner cold air pipe, natural air can be introduced inwards, cold air of the air conditioner can be blown in, the introduced natural air or cold air enters the heat dissipation cavity after passing through the NiTi energy absorption buffer cell beam 81, the heat dissipation cavity flows into the air outlet pipe 4, and finally the internal heat is taken away by the air outlet pipe orifice 32, wherein the design of the explosion-proof valve assembly solves the problem that the high-temperature high-pressure gas is easily discharged in the existing general emergency direct discharge mode and is easy to cause discharge of high-speed flame, the tension force of the explosion-proof valve cover 51 and the valve body 53 in the explosion-proof valve is regulated and controlled by the tension force of the valve spring 52, so that the stable discharge of the high-temperature high-pressure gas in the battery pack is realized, a roundabout discharge path is prolonged, and the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure gas discharged in the battery pack under the condition of thermal runaway is also reduced.
The standard components used in the embodiment can be directly purchased from the market, and the nonstandard structural components according to the description of the specification and the drawings can also be directly and unambiguously processed according to the common general knowledge in the prior art, meanwhile, the connection mode of each component adopts the conventional means mature in the prior art, and the machinery, the components and the equipment adopt the conventional models in the prior art, so the specific description is not needed here.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A bionic impact-resistant light new energy automobile battery pack is characterized in that: the air conditioner comprises a battery pack shell (3), wherein the lower end of the battery pack shell (3) is in threaded connection with an outlet of an air inlet pipe (1), and an inlet of the air inlet pipe (1) is communicated with an air conditioner cold air pipe;
the battery pack shell (3) is circumferentially communicated with a plurality of air outlet pipes (4), and the outlets of the air outlet pipes (4) are communicated with air outlet pipe openings (32) through a polymerization pipe (6);
a bent frame (9) is arranged in the battery pack shell (3), a plurality of fixing holes (31) used for restraining the cylindrical battery cells (7) are distributed on the bent frame (9), the lower end of the battery pack shell (3) is fixedly connected with the automobile chassis through a bottom bolt (2), and the upper end of the battery pack shell (3) is connected with the explosion-proof valve assembly through a fastening bolt;
the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams (81) are arranged on the bent frame (9) and are of a porous structure, the cylindrical battery cells (7) are arranged in the fixing holes (31), and the heat-conducting silicone grease is filled between the NiTi energy-absorbing buffer cell beams (81) and the cylindrical battery cells (7);
the explosion-proof valve assembly is used for smoothly exhausting gas through a detour path when a thermal runaway condition of the battery pack occurs.
2. The bionic impact-resistant lightweight new energy automobile battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the explosion-proof valve assembly mainly comprises an explosion-proof valve cover (51), a valve spring (52), an explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53), an explosion-proof valve outer valve body (54), a second sealing gasket (55), a spring connecting hole (56), an air hole (57), an integrated nut (58) and a first sealing gasket (59);
the outer edge of the explosion-proof valve outer valve body (54) is fixedly connected with a plurality of integrated nuts (58), the explosion-proof valve outer valve body (54) is connected with the battery pack shell (3) through the cooperation of a fastening bolt and the integrated nuts (58), a first sealing gasket (59) is arranged between the explosion-proof valve outer valve body (54) and the battery pack shell (3), the explosion-proof valve cover (51) is of a circular ring structure, a second sealing gasket (55) is arranged between the explosion-proof valve cover (51) and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53), a plurality of spring connecting holes (56) are respectively arranged on the explosion-proof valve cover (51) and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53), the upper end and the lower end of the valve spring (52) are respectively connected with the spring connecting holes (56) of the explosion-proof valve cover (51) and the spring connecting holes (56) of the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53), a plurality of penetrating air holes (57) are arranged on the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53), and the valve spring (52) is in a contracted state under normal conditions; after gas is generated in the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve cover (51) locked by the valve spring (52) is jacked up by the gas in the battery pack, so that the gas is discharged from the air hole (57) and enters between the explosion-proof valve cover (51), the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53) and the explosion-proof valve outer valve body (54), and finally is discharged stably through a gap between the explosion-proof valve cover (51) and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53).
3. The bionic impact-resistant lightweight new energy automobile battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: the NiTi energy absorption buffer cell beam (81) is formed by a plurality of NiTi energy absorption buffer cells through a circular array.
4. The bionic impact-resistant lightweight new energy automobile battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: a buffer cell auxiliary beam (82) or a buffer cell reinforcing beam (83) is arranged between two adjacent NiTi energy absorption buffer cell beams (81).
5. The bionic impact-resistant lightweight new energy automobile battery pack according to claim 2, wherein: a heat dissipation cavity is arranged between the upper surface of the cylindrical battery cell (7) and the explosion-proof valve inner valve body (53).
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