CN116497261B - Vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116497261B CN116497261B CN202310722688.3A CN202310722688A CN116497261B CN 116497261 B CN116497261 B CN 116497261B CN 202310722688 A CN202310722688 A CN 202310722688A CN 116497261 B CN116497261 B CN 116497261B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 9
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, a preparation method and application thereof. According to the preparation method of the vulcanized cold heading steel wire rod, provided by the invention, the cold heading steel wire rod with the strip-shaped structure of the wire rod less than or equal to 1.0 level, the tensile strength of 700-850 MPa, the reduction of area of 45-55% and good cold heading performance and cutting performance can be obtained through component design and matching with a specific production process. Specifically, proper sulfur element and aluminum element are added through chemical composition design, and a reasonable LF refining process is matched, so that the problem of the casting property of the vulcanized aluminum-added molten steel is solved; reasonable continuous casting parameters and a cooling process after rolling are set, the strip-shaped structure of the wire rod is controlled, the plasticity of the wire rod is improved, the cold heading deformation capacity of the wire rod is not reduced, the cutting performance of the wire rod is improved, and the service life of a machining cutter is prolonged. And the preparation process does not comprise an RH refining step, so that the smelting cost is low, and the popularization and the application of the wire rod are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The cold heading steel is steel for producing various cold heading parts such as bolts, nuts, sleeves and the like by adopting a cold heading forming process. The cold heading forming process has the advantages of high production efficiency, low production cost, high steel utilization rate and the like, and is widely applied to the manufacturing fields of parts such as machinery, automobiles, ships, railways, instruments and the like. The cold heading steel has larger demand and is an important base material. For cold heading parts with complex shapes or higher surface quality requirements, after the hot rolled wire rods are drawn and cold-headed to be formed, the interior or the surface of the steel needs to be machined, so that the service life of a machining tool is prolonged, the production cost is reduced, and higher requirements are put forward on the cutting performance of the steel.
In the prior art, two approaches are generally adopted to improve the cutting performance of steel: (1) the element for improving the cutting performance is added, and the cheaper sulfur element with obvious effect is generally added, but the plasticity of the wire rod is reduced, so that the drawing performance or cold heading performance of the wire rod is influenced; (2) the steel strength is improved and the plasticity is reduced by improving the content of alloy elements or controlling cooling after rolling, so that the aim of improving the cutting performance of the steel is fulfilled, but the improvement of the wear resistance is caused by improving the strength of the steel, so that the service life and the production cost of a cutter are reduced, and in addition, the wire rod strength is too high, so that the drawing and cold heading performance of the wire rod are not facilitated.
Therefore, it is particularly important to produce a sulfur-containing free-cutting cold-heading steel wire rod having both good cold-heading performance and cutting performance. For example, the prior patent literature discloses a sulfur-containing free-cutting cold heading steel wire rod and a production method thereof, wherein the sulfur-containing free-cutting cold heading steel wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.10 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.40 percent of Si, 0.60 to 0.90 percent of Mn, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Cr, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Mo, 0.030 to 0.060 percent of S, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Alt, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of Ti, and the balance of iron and trace impurities. According to the method, solid solution strengthening elements such as C, si, mn and the like are reasonably designed, harmful elements such as P, cu, ti and the like are reduced, and LF+RH double refining and bloom processes are adopted, so that the purposes of reducing the hardness of a hot rolled wire rod and improving the plasticity of the wire rod are achieved; according to the method, the cutting performance of the wire rod is improved by adding the S element, and finally the cold heading steel wire rod with good cold heading performance and cutting performance is produced. However, the technical route of the technical proposal disclosed in the patent document is to design a low carbon and high alloy component system, add 0.030-0.06% of S content, and match the post-rolling slow cooling process at the same time, so that the wire rod has good cold heading performance and cutting performance. Namely, the C content is 0.10-0.20%, 0.90-1.20% of alloy Cr element and 0.10-0.30% of noble metal Mo element are added, the cooling speed is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 ℃/S after rolling, a large amount of ferrite is formed in the wire rod tissue, the plasticity of the wire rod is improved, the cold heading performance of the wire rod is further improved, and the cutting performance is improved by adding 0.030-0.06% of S content. The technical problems or defects exist: (1) after rolling, a slow cooling process (the cooling speed is 0.5-0.8 ℃/s), which is not beneficial to control of a banded structure, influences the cold heading performance of the wire rod, and has the quality risk of surface quenching layering cracking; (2) the LF+RH double refining method is adopted, so that the production process is complex, the period is long, and the refining production cost is high; (3) a large amount of alloy elements Cr and noble metal Mo are used, so that the alloy cost is high, and the popularization in the market is not favored; (4) the influence of the S content on the strength or hardenability of the wire rod is not considered or explicitly proposed, and the relation between the S element and the alloy elements Mn, cr and Mo is not explicitly proposed when designing the components.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the cold heading steel wire rod in the prior art, thereby providing a sulfurized cold heading steel wire rod, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, which sequentially comprises the following steps: converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling;
in the LF refining process, adding sulfur and iron into a molten steel refining station, wherein the adding amount is 1.25-1.55 kg/t, and before argon soft stirring, feeding a silicon-calcium wire, wherein the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.5-0.8 m/t; controlling the binary alkalinity of the refining slag to be 2.5-3.0, and controlling the Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The content is 20-25%;
controlling the superheat degree of molten steel at 35-55 ℃ and the pulling speed at 0.60-0.65 m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling at 0.22-0.24L/kg and the total rolling reduction at light rolling reduction at 18-20 mm;
in the cooling process after rolling, cooling to 620-630 ℃ at a cooling speed of 1.5-5 ℃/s, and then preserving heat and slowly cooling;
the vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod comprises, by mass, 0.44-0.48% of C, 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.70-0.90% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, 0.020-0.035% of S, 0.1-0.3% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.05% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.020-0.055% of Al, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Optionally, the contents of Mn, cr and S elements in the vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod satisfy the following relation:
Mn%=(0.7~0.8%)+1.72×w(S)，
alternatively, cr% = (0.1 to 0.2%) +1.63×w (S),
wherein w (S) is the mass percent of sulfur in the steel.
The following describes the effect and limiting reason of each element in the vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod:
c is the most basic strengthening element in the steel, but as the carbon content increases, the strength of the wire rod increases, but the plasticity of the wire rod deteriorates, so the carbon content range of the invention is limited to 0.44-0.48%.
Si is a strengthening element and a deoxidizing element in steel, but an excessively high silicon content may lower the cold heading property and drawing property of the wire rod. The silicon content range in the invention is 0.15-0.25%.
Mn is a strengthening element in steel, so that the strength of the steel can be improved, but Mn element and S element generate MnS (the solid solution temperature is about 1200 ℃), so that the Mn element in solid solution in the steel is reduced, the effect of solid solution strengthening of Mn element is reduced, and the strength of the steel is reduced. Therefore, the manganese content is controlled to be 0.70-0.90%, and preferably, the manganese content is within the following range: (0.7-0.8%) +1.72×w (S), w (S) being the sulfur content in the steel.
Al is a deoxidizing element in steel, and can effectively remove oxygen in the steel and improve the cleanliness of the steel. In addition, al and N can form AlN, so that the effect of refining grains is achieved, and the cold heading deformability of the steel can be improved. The aluminum content of the invention is controlled to be 0.020-0.055%.
P is an impurity element in steel, and the segregation at grain boundaries causes embrittlement of the grain boundaries, thereby reducing strength and plasticity of the steel. The invention controls the P content below 0.015%.
S can improve the cutting performance of steel, but the segregation of S at the grain boundary embrittles the grain boundary, thereby reducing the strength and plasticity of the steel, and finally causing the cold heading performance to be poor; in addition, the main existence form of sulfur in the steel is MnS, and due to the existence of sulfur, part of Mn element in the steel is fixed, so that the solid solution strengthening effect of Mn element is reduced, and the hardenability and strength of the steel are reduced. The invention controls the S content to be 0.020-0.035%.
Cr is an strengthening element in steel, can improve the hardenability and strength of the steel, and aims to solve the problem of reduced strength and hardenability of the steel caused by adding sulfur element to fix Mn element. The chromium content is controlled to be 0.1-0.3%, and preferably, the chromium content is within the following range: (0.1-0.2%) +1.63×w (S), w (S) being the sulfur content in the steel.
Ni and Cu belong to impurity elements in steel, and in order to reduce the influence of Ni and Cu on the performance of the steel and improve the quality stability of the steel, the content of Ni and the content of Cu are controlled below 0.05 percent.
Optionally, in the converter steelmaking process, the sulfur content of molten iron in the converter is 0.020-0.060%, and the temperature of the molten iron is more than or equal to 1300 ℃;
and/or when the tapping weight of the converter is 30-35%, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, the high-carbon ferrochrome, the aluminum block, the lime and the low-alkalinity premelted slag with the binary alkalinity of 0.9-1.1 in sequence, wherein the addition amount of the aluminum block is 1.0-2.0 kg/t, the addition amount of the lime is 2-3 kg/t, and the addition amount of the low-alkalinity premelted slag with the binary alkalinity of 0.9-1.1 is 2.4-2.6 kg/t.
Optionally, in the LF refining process, the argon soft stirring time is 15-20 min.
Optionally, the heating temperature of the cogging process is 1200-1240 ℃, the heating time is 240-280 min, and the cogging finishing rolling speed is 0.75-0.85 m/s.
Optionally, the heating temperature of the high-line rolling process is 1080-1120 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1000-1030 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 870-900 ℃, the spinning temperature is 820-840 ℃, and the rolling specification is 5.5-16 mm.
Optionally, in the cooling process after rolling, the speed of a roller way of the Siteur inlet section is 0.5-1.5 m/s, at least a 1-4 # fan is started, the air quantity of the fan is 50-100%, and the temperature of the wire rod is cooled to 620-630 ℃ and enters the heat insulation cover.
The invention provides the vulcanized cold heading steel wire rod prepared by the preparation method.
Optionally, the band-shaped structure of the wire rod is less than or equal to 1.0 level, the tensile strength is 700-850 MPa, and the area shrinkage is 45-55%.
The invention also provides application of the vulcanized cold heading steel wire rod in cold heading parts.
Optionally, the cold heading part comprises a bolt, a nut, a sleeve, and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the preparation method of the vulcanized cold heading steel wire rod, provided by the invention, the cold heading steel wire rod with the strip-shaped structure of the wire rod less than or equal to 1.0 level, the tensile strength of 700-850 MPa, the reduction of area of 45-55% and good cold heading performance and cutting performance can be obtained through component design and matching with a specific production process.
Specifically, the problem of the castability of the vulcanized aluminum-added molten steel is solved by formulating a reasonable LF refining process. Namely, adding 1.25-1.55 kg/t of sulfur iron into molten steel LF to a station, controlling low-alkalinity refining slag (the binary alkalinity of the refining slag is 2.5-3.0), preventing the desulfurization intensity of the refining slag from being too high, ensuring that the sulfur loss in the LF process is less than or equal to 0.005%, and not adding sulfur iron later; aluminum ingots are not added in the middle and later stages of refining, so that molten steel is prevented from being storedAt a large amount of high melting point Al 2 O 3 Affecting the castable properties of the molten steel. To prevent Al 2 O 3 Blocking the submerged nozzle of continuous casting, generally feeding pure calcium wire, al into the steel 2 O 3 Forming low-melting point 7Al with calcium element 2 O 3 12CaO, avoiding clogging of the continuous casting submerged nozzle; however, for aluminum-and-sulfur-added steel, pure calcium wire is fed, so that high-melting-point CaS is formed, and a water gap is blocked. In order to achieve both effects, the addition of Al ingot is strictly forbidden at middle and late stages to prevent the generation of a large amount of Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Adding sulfur iron into molten steel LF to a station, and subsequently, not adding sulfur iron, so as to prevent the local enrichment of sulfur elements; meanwhile, the silicon-calcium wire is fed, so that the local concentration of calcium element is reduced, secondary oxidization of molten steel caused by calcium gasification is weakened, and a large amount of Al caused by secondary oxidization is avoided 2 O 3 The production of the silicon-calcium wire is that the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.5-0.8 m/t, and the calcium content in molten steel is reasonably controlled so as to lead the Al 2 O 3 Conversion to low melting 7Al 2 O 3 12CaO, and simultaneously prevents the generation of a large amount of CaS, and solves the problem of the castability of the vulcanized aluminum-added steel water. The invention can solve the problem of casting property of the vulcanized aluminum-added steel water by adopting an LF refining means, and does not need an LF+RH double refining means.
By setting reasonable continuous casting parameters and a cooling process after rolling, the strip structure of the wire rod is controlled, and the plasticity of the wire rod is improved. Namely, central segregation and dendrite segregation are controlled through continuous casting parameters, and a rapid cooling speed after rolling is adopted, so that the grading of a banded structure is reduced, and the plasticity and cold heading performance of the wire rod are improved; meanwhile, 0.020-0.035% of S element is added, so that the cutting performance of the wire rod is improved and the service life of a machining cutter is prolonged while the cold heading deformation capability of the wire rod is not reduced. And the preparation process does not comprise an RH refining step, so that the smelting cost is low, and the popularization and the application of the wire rod are facilitated.
The post-rolling cooling line for high-line rolling is characterized in that the rotating speeds of rollers at different sections of the bottom of the cooling line are set, wire rods after spinning are tiled on the cooling line, a fan is arranged below the rollers, the wire rods are rapidly cooled, a heat preservation cover is arranged at the top of the cooling line, the heat preservation cover is closed, the wire rods can be slowly cooled and preserved, and the wire rods are cooled to be coiled through an integrated drum. Because the wire rod is tiled on the cooling line, and the thickness of the wire rod tiled on the cooling line is thinner by setting a faster roller speed, the wire rod obtained by high-line rolling has better wire rod passing property and consistency. The post-rolling cooling of large coil rolling is that after coil collecting, the coil is coiled through coil collecting before cooling, the subsequent cooling is pile cooling, although a fan is arranged at the bottom of a pile cooling line, the cooling speed can only be controlled through air quantity, the control means is single, in addition, the difference of internal and external cooling of the coil is large, the cooling is uneven, and the uniformity of the coil obtained by large coil rolling are poor.
In addition, after feeding the Si-Ca wire, the argon soft stirring time is ensured to be 15-20 min, and residual Al in the steel 2 O 3 And the casting performance of the molten steel is further improved along with the floating of the argon bubbles.
According to the preparation method of the sulfur-added cold heading steel wire rod, provided by the invention, the content of Mn, cr and S elements in the wire rod is further limited, so that the problem of poor strength or hardenability of the wire rod caused by adding sulfur elements is solved. The main existence form of sulfur in the steel is MnS, and due to the addition of sulfur, part of Mn element in the steel is fixed, so that the solid solution strengthening effect of Mn element is reduced, and the hardenability and strength of the steel are reduced. The invention provides the relation between the S content and the Mn content or the relation between the S content and the Cr content, and ensures the strength or the hardenability of the wire rod. Sulfur exists in the steel in the form of MnS, and 1 mole of Mn element is fixed per mole of S element, and the manganese content is fixed without exerting a solid solution strengthening effect: w (S)/32×55 (i.e., sulfur content/relative atomic mass of sulfur element×relative atomic mass of manganese element), further calculated as 1.72, w (S). In order to ensure the strength or the hardenability, 1.72 percent w (S) is added on the basis of 0.7 to 0.8 percent of Mn content; in addition, strength or hardenability can be ensured by increasing the Cr content, and the Mn element fixed by the S element is offset by the Cr element of equal molar amount, and 1.63 w (S) is added in addition to 0.1 to 0.2% of Cr content (sulfur content/relative atomic mass of sulfur element×relative atomic mass of chromium element, w (S)/32×52 is further calculated as 1.63 w (S)).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a picture of the machined-out scrap iron of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a picture of the machined-out scrap iron of comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a metallographic structure (7 mm from the surface of a wire rod) of the wire rod obtained in example 4 after quenching;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a metallographic structure (7 mm from a wire rod surface) of a wire rod obtained in example 3 after quenching.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rod is shown in a table 1, and the specific process parameters are as follows:
the sulfur content of molten iron entering the converter is 0.045%, and the temperature of molten iron is 1310 ℃. When the weight of the converter tapping is 32%, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, the high-carbon ferrochrome, the aluminum block, the lime and the low-alkalinity pre-slag (with binary alkalinity of 1.05) in sequence, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum block is 1.5 kg/t, the adding amount of the lime is 2.5 kg/t, and the adding amount of the low-alkalinity pre-slag is 2.5 kg/t.
Molten steel LF refining arrives at a station, 1.35kg/t of ferro-sulphur is added, the binary alkalinity of refining slag is 3.0, and Al in the refining slag is controlled 2 O 3 The content is 21%; before soft stirring of argon, feeding a silicon-calcium wire, wherein the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.62m/t; argon soft stirring time was 20min.
Continuous casting of bloom: the superheat degree of molten steel is 40 ℃, the pulling speed is 0.62m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling is 0.24L/kg, the specification of continuous casting billet is 300X 390mm, and the total rolling reduction under light rolling is 19mm.
The cogging heating temperature is 1230 ℃, the heating time is 255min, and the cogging finishing rolling speed is 0.85m/s.
High-line rolling: the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 1100 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1020 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 890 ℃, the spinning temperature is 830 ℃, and the rolling specification is 8mm.
Cooling after rolling: the speed of a roller way at the entrance section of the Steyr is 1.2m/s, a 1-4 # fan is started, the air quantity of the fan is 100%, 60% and 60% respectively, the wire laying temperature is controlled to be within a temperature range of 630 ℃, the cooling speed of a wire rod is controlled to be 2.5 ℃/s, and the wire rod is cooled to 630 ℃ and is subjected to heat preservation cover slow cooling until the collecting coil is taken off line.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rod is shown in a table 1, and the specific process parameters are as follows:
the sulfur content of molten iron entering the converter is 0.035%, and the temperature of molten iron is 1305 ℃. When the weight of converter tapping is 30%, adding silicon-manganese alloy, high-carbon ferrochrome, aluminum blocks, lime and low-alkalinity premelting slag (binary alkalinity is 0.99) in sequence, wherein the addition amount of the aluminum blocks is 1.8 kg/t, the addition amount of the lime is 2.3 kg/t, and the addition amount of the low-alkalinity premelting slag is 2.55 kg/t.
Molten steel LF refining to a station, adding 1.25kg/t of ferro-sulphur, controlling the binary alkalinity of refining slag to be 2.6, and Al in slag 2 O 3 The content is 23%; feeding argon before soft stirringAdding a silicon-calcium wire, wherein the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.55m/t; argon soft stirring time was 18min.
Continuous casting of bloom: the superheat degree of molten steel is 38 ℃, the drawing speed is 0.61m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling is 0.23L/kg, the specification of continuous casting billet is 300X 390mm, and the total rolling reduction under light rolling is 18mm.
The cogging heating temperature is 1235 ℃, the heating time is 250min, and the cogging finishing rolling speed is 0.85m/s.
High-line rolling: the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 1110 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1010 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 880 ℃, and the spinning temperature is 820 ℃. The rolling specification is 12 mm.
Cooling after rolling: the speed of a roller way at the inlet section of the Steyr is 1.0m/s, a 1-4 # fan is started, the air quantity of the fan is 100%, 80% and 80% respectively, the wire laying temperature is controlled to be within a temperature range of 620 ℃, the cooling speed of a wire rod is 2.0 ℃/s, and the wire rod is cooled to 620 ℃ for slow cooling of a heat preservation cover until the coil collection is taken off line.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rod is shown in a table 1, and the specific process parameters are as follows:
the sulfur content of molten iron entering the converter is 0.030 percent, and the temperature of molten iron is 1306 ℃. When the tapping weight of the converter is 32%, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, the high-carbon ferrochrome, the aluminum block, the lime and the low-alkalinity premelting slag (binary alkalinity is 0.95) in sequence, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum block is 1.85 kg/t, the adding amount of the lime is 2.5 kg/t, and the adding amount of the low-alkalinity premelting slag is 2.55 kg/t.
Molten steel LF refining to a station, adding 1.35kg/t of ferro-sulphur, controlling the binary alkalinity of refining slag to be 2.6, and Al in slag 2 O 3 The content is 22%; before soft stirring of argon, feeding a silicon-calcium wire, wherein the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.55m/t; the argon soft stirring time was 16min.
Continuous casting of bloom: the superheat degree of molten steel is 41 ℃, the pulling speed is 0.60m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling is 0.23L/kg, the specification of continuous casting billet is 300X 390mm, and the total rolling reduction under light rolling is 20mm.
The cogging heating temperature is 1233 ℃, the heating time is 265min, and the cogging finishing rolling speed is 0.85m/s.
High-line rolling: the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 1110 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1018 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 889 ℃, and the spinning temperature is 830 ℃. The rolling specification is 16mm.
Cooling after rolling: the speed of a roller way at the inlet section of the Steyr is 1.0m/s, a 1-4 # fan is started, the air quantity of the fan is 100%, 100% respectively, the wire laying temperature is controlled to be within a temperature range of 623 ℃, the cooling speed of a wire rod is 3.5 ℃/s, and the wire rod is cooled to 623 ℃ for heat preservation cover slow cooling until the coil collection is taken off line.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rod is shown in a table 1, and the technological parameters of each procedure are consistent with those of embodiment 3.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of cold heading steel wire rods, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rods is shown in table 1, and compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is that the technological parameters of bloom continuous casting and cooling after rolling are different:
continuous casting of bloom: the superheat degree of molten steel is 30 ℃, the pulling speed is 0.68m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling is 0.20L/kg, the specification of continuous casting billet is 300X 390mm, and the total rolling reduction under light rolling is 13mm.
The rolling specification is 8mm, and cooling is carried out after rolling: the speed of the roller way at the inlet section of the Steyr is 0.45m/s, all the heat preservation covers and the fans are closed, the cooling is slow, and the cooling speed of the wire rod is controlled to be 0.75 ℃/s.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation method of cold heading steel wire rods, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rods is shown in Table 1, and the specific process parameters are as follows:
the sulfur content of molten iron entering the converter is 0.015 percent, and the temperature of molten iron is 1280 ℃. When the weight of converter tapping is 30%, adding silicon-manganese alloy, high-carbon ferrochrome, aluminum blocks and lime in sequence, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum blocks is 2.8 kg/t, the adding amount of the lime is 4.5 kg/t, and the adding amount of fluorite is 0.3kg/t.
Because no sulfur element is intentionally added, the sulfur element in the steel is removed as an impurity element, and the refining process adopts high-alkalinity refining slag which is favorable for desulfurization, and the binary alkalinity is 4.5; before soft stirring of argon, because sulfur is not added and the problem of blocking a water gap by CaS is not considered, a pure calcium wire with high calcium content is adopted for wire feeding treatment, and the pure calcium wire is fed, wherein the adding amount of the pure calcium wire is 1.2m/t; the argon soft stirring time was 25min.
Bloom continuous casting, cogging, wire rod rolling specifications, high-pass rolling, and post-rolling cooling were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a preparation method of cold heading steel wire rods, which adopts a production process of converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, large coil rolling and cooling after rolling, wherein the composition control of the wire rods is shown in Table 1, and the difference from example 3 is that the large coil rolling is adopted instead of high-line rolling;
large coil rolling: the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 1110 ℃, the initial rolling temperature is 1018 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 889 ℃, the spinning temperature is 830 ℃, and the specification of the wire rod is 16mm.
Cooling after rolling: and starting a No. 1-4 fan, wherein the air quantity of the fan is 100%, and the cooling speed is 1.25 ℃/s.
TABLE 1 chemical composition/%
Performance testing
The wire rods prepared in each example and comparative example are subjected to performance test, and the specific test method is as follows: tensile strength and reduction of area were sampled and measured according to GB/T228, and band tissue was sampled and rated according to GB/T13299; sampling and testing the cold upsetting according to YB/T5293; cutting performance and tool life are provided by the user with usage pictures and data, and test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
From the data in the table, it can be seen that the tensile strength of examples 1-4 is 700-730 MPa, the area reduction rate is 45-48%, the band-shaped structure is 0.5-1.0 grade, the 1/2 cold heading qualification rate is 95-98%, and the service life of the cutter is 530-550 min. The sulfur element was added and the composition was the same as in example 1, but the rolling process of the present invention was not employed, and the wire rod reduction, band structure, cold heading property were poor but cutting property was good (as in comparative example 1). The production process is the same as that of the example 1 (such as the comparative example 2), the tensile strength of the wire rod is 685MPa (which is lower than 700-850 MPa required by the invention), the area reduction rate is better, the cold heading performance and the strip structure are between the example 1 and the comparative example 1, the cutting performance is poor, and the service life of the cutter is short. The wire rods obtained in example 3 and comparative example 3 were identical in chemical composition, continuous casting process, and cogging process, etc., except that example 3 was produced in a high-line, and comparative example 3 was produced in a large coil, i.e., cooling mode and cooling rate after rolling were different. The cooling rate of comparative example 3 is lower than that of example 3, resulting in lower strength and area reduction of the wire rod, severe banding, 90% perfection of 1/2 cold upsetting, significantly lower mechanical properties of the wire rod and large fluctuation of the banding control range. Compared with example 3, the design of Mn and Cr elements in example 4 does not consider the S content, so that the strength of the wire rod obtained in example 4 is lower; after the wire rods obtained in example 3 and example 4 were quenched, the metallographic structure of the cross section of the wire rod was examined, 7mm from the surface of the wire rod, and the wire rod structure obtained in example 4 had a large amount of pearlite which had not been converted to martensite (as shown in fig. 3), and the wire rod structure obtained in example 3 was martensitic (as shown in fig. 4). The quenching process comprises the following steps: the heating temperature is 880+/-10 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, and the quenching medium is water.
The pictures of the machined turning scrap iron of the wire rods obtained in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 2 are shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the scrap iron which is removed by the machining in the embodiment 1 is mainly short scrap iron (shown in fig. 1), so that the cutting performance is good; comparative example 2 machine-worked and detached scrap iron was mainly long scrap iron (as shown in fig. 2), indicating poor cutting performance. Other examples and comparative example 1, in which the machined and detached scrap iron was mainly short scrap iron, were similar to those of fig. 1, and demonstrated good cutting performance.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of: converter steelmaking, LF refining, bloom continuous casting, cogging, high-line rolling and cooling after rolling;
in the LF refining process, adding sulfur and iron into a molten steel refining station, wherein the adding amount is 1.25-1.55 kg/t, and before argon soft stirring, feeding a silicon-calcium wire, wherein the adding amount of the silicon-calcium wire is 0.5-0.8 m/t; controlling the binary alkalinity of the refining slag to be 2.5-3.0, and controlling the Al in the refining slag 2 O 3 The content is 20-25%;
controlling the superheat degree of molten steel at 35-55 ℃ and the pulling speed at 0.60-0.65 m/min, the specific water quantity of secondary cooling at 0.22-0.24L/kg and the total rolling reduction at light rolling reduction at 18-20 mm;
in the cooling process after rolling, cooling to 620-630 ℃ at a cooling speed of 1.5-5 ℃/s, and then preserving heat and slowly cooling;
the vulcanizing cold heading steel wire rod comprises, by mass, 0.44-0.48% of C, 0.15-0.25% of Si, 0.70-0.90% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, 0.020-0.035% of S, 0.1-0.3% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.05% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 0.020-0.055% of Al, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
wherein the contents of Mn, cr and S elements satisfy the following relation:
the Mn element content falls within the following range: (0.7-0.8%) +1.72 xw (S),
alternatively, the Cr element content falls within the following range: (0.1-0.2%) +1.63×w (S),
wherein w (S) is the mass percent of sulfur in the steel.
2. The method for preparing the steel wire rod of the sulfur-added cold heading steel according to claim 1, wherein in the converter steelmaking process, the sulfur content of molten iron charged into a converter is 0.020-0.060, and the temperature of the molten iron is more than or equal to 1300 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the sulfur-added cold heading steel wire rod according to claim 1, wherein when the weight of converter tapping is 30-35%, silicon-manganese alloy, high-carbon ferrochrome, aluminum blocks, lime and low-alkalinity premelted slag with binary alkalinity of 0.9-1.1 are sequentially added, the addition amount of the aluminum blocks is 1.0-2.0 kg/t, the addition amount of the lime is 2-3 kg/t, and the addition amount of the low-alkalinity premelted slag with binary alkalinity of 0.9-1.1 is 2.4-2.6 kg/t.
4. The method for preparing the sulfur-added cold heading steel wire rod according to claim 1, wherein in the LF refining process, argon soft stirring time is 15-20 min.
5. The method for producing a sulfur-added cold heading steel wire rod according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in the cogging step is 1200-1240 ℃, the heating time is 240-280 min, and the cogging finishing speed is 0.75-0.85 m/s.
6. The method for producing a steel wire rod for cold heading with sulfur according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the high-pass rolling process has a heating temperature of 1080 to 1120 ℃, an initial rolling temperature of 1000 to 1030 ℃, a finish rolling inlet temperature of 870 to 900 ℃, a spinning temperature of 820 to 840 ℃ and a rolling specification of 5.5 to 16mm.
7. The method for preparing the steel wire rod of the sulfur-added cold heading steel according to claim 6, wherein in the cooling process after rolling, the speed of a roller way of a Siteur inlet section is 0.5-1.5 m/s, at least a 1 # fan to a 4# fan is started, the air quantity of the fan is 50-100%, the temperature of the wire rod is cooled to 620-630 ℃ and the wire rod enters a heat preservation cover for slow cooling.
8. A steel wire rod of a cold-heading steel with sulphur prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The steel wire rod of claim 8, wherein the strip structure of the wire rod is less than or equal to 1.0 grade, the tensile strength is 700-850 mpa, and the reduction of area is 45-55%.
10. Use of a sulphided cold-heading steel wire rod according to claim 8 or 9 in a cold-heading part.
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| CN116083806A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-05-09 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Cold heading steel hot rolled wire rod for delayed fracture resistant 14.9-grade quenched and tempered bolt and preparation method thereof |
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