CN114871397A - High-quality steel wire rod for cold heading and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-quality steel wire rod for cold heading and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical group [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-quality steel wire rod for cold heading, which comprises the following alloy components: less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.35 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, more than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al and the balance of Fe. The wire rod has the tensile strength of 345-370 MPa, the elongation of 40.5-43.5%, the reduction of area of 75-79%, the nonmetallic inclusion A + C of less than or equal to 1.5 and the B + D of less than or equal to 1.5. The preparation process sequentially comprises the steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, LF furnace refining, continuous casting, heating by a heating furnace and rolling. The method can effectively solve the problem of the nodulation of the water gap of the Al-containing steel billet, reduce the tensile strength of the wire rod, meet the performance requirement of the steel wire rod for cold heading and have good drawing performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-quality steel wire rod for cold heading and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The steel grade of the cold heading steel wire rod is generally low-medium carbon high-quality carbon structural steel and alloy structural steel. The product is mainly used in the industries of automobiles, shipbuilding, equipment manufacturing, electronics, household appliances, bicycles, tools, light steel structures, buildings and the like. The steel is a main raw material of steel for forming cold heading steel, and a fastener and a connecting piece (such as a bolt, a nut, a screw, a rivet and the like) can be prepared by adopting a cold heading processing method. Is one of high-end and high-added value brand steel grades in high-speed wire rod products.
QQG08Al surface quality: the part of the wire rod which does not pass water through the head and the tail and the defective part are cut off; the surface of the wire rod is not required to be scarred, folded, eared, scratched or cracked by naked eyes; indentations and local bumps, scratches, pitted surfaces are allowed, but the depth or height (from the actual size) should not be greater than 0.10 mm.
QQG08Al belongs to low-carbon low-silicon aluminum-containing steel, and the product has the advantages of strict requirements on chemical components, stable components, low harmful elements, high purity of steel, high dimensional accuracy, few surface defects, stable cold heading performance and the like. Because the steel wire rod is not subjected to heat treatment, the deformation of parts is large in the cold heading forming process, the forming speed is high, and the steel wire rod is required to obtain low tensile strength and a small performance fluctuation range in order to avoid the defects of cracks and the like. This can improve the processing energy efficiency and reduce the die loss for the user.
Therefore, how to prepare the wire rod which can meet the performance requirement of the cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod and has good drawing performance has great economic value and wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high quality cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod, comprising the steps of: molten iron pretreatment, 120t converter, external refining LF, continuous casting billet, heating by a heating furnace, controlled rolling and controlled cooling rolling and heat preservation. The method can effectively solve the problem of the nodulation of the Al-containing steel billet nozzle, reduce the tensile strength of the wire rod, meet the performance requirements of the cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod and have good drawing performance.
The specific invention content is as follows:
the utility model provides a high quality steel wire rod for cold-heading, the alloy composition of steel wire rod for cold-heading is: less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.35 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, more than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al and the balance of Fe.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the wire rod ranges from 345 MPa to 370MPa, the elongation ranges from 40.5% to 43.5%, the reduction of area ranges from 75% to 79%, the nonmetallic inclusion A + C is less than or equal to 1.5, and the B + D is less than or equal to 1.5.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high quality steel wire rod for cold heading, which comprises the steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, LF furnace refining, continuous casting, heating furnace heating, rolling and heat preservation channel slow cooling in sequence, wherein the molten iron pretreatment: and (3) hoisting the molten iron into an S removing station, then adding active lime and magnesium powder to treat the molten iron for 20-25 min, so that the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005%, the leaving temperature is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, and the slag removing requirement reaches the mirror surface effect.
The converter smelting comprises the following steps: the raw materials are molten iron and scrap steel, wherein the scrap steel accounts for 6-10% of the total weight of the molten iron and the scrap steel; oxygen top-bottom combined blowing is carried out, the tapping temperature is 1625-1660 ℃, the tapping end point C is 0.03-0.045%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, and slag discharging is strictly forbidden; alloying a steel ladle, namely adding 10-15 Kg/t of lime, pre-deoxidizer and ferroalloy when discharging 1/4-1/3 steel, and blowing argon for more than or equal to 5 min; the temperature before treatment is 1600-1635 ℃, the temperature after treatment is 1585-1605 ℃, after static argon blowing is carried out for 8-10 min, 1 kg-1.2 kg/t of pure calcium core-spun yarn is fed, and the yarn feeding speed is 3 m/s.
Further, the pre-deoxidizer is low-carbon ferromanganese, and the addition amount of the pre-deoxidizer is 2.74kg/t steel; the iron alloy is aluminum iron, aluminum particles and aluminum wires, the addition amount of the iron alloy is 3.25kg/t steel of aluminum iron, 0.13kg/t steel of aluminum particles and 0.2-0.4 m/t steel of aluminum wires.
Further, the LF refining requires white slag operation, under the condition of ensuring slag fluidity, the slag alkalinity R is controlled to be 4.2-10.6, the oxygen potential FeO in the slag is less than 1%, the refining time is 60-80 min, the total analysis temperature is 1580-1620 ℃, 9.33-10.5 Kg/t of active lime and 40 Kg/t of carbide slag and 0.50-0.60 Kg/t of carbonized rice husk are added, the molten steel is detected constantly, 0.15-0.30 Kg/t of medium carbon ferromanganese is added to fine-tuning steel alloy, the molten steel component is ensured to reach the standard requirement, the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 12min, and the calcium feeding line is 80-150 m.
Further, the continuous casting is: electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer, the current is 240A, the frequency is 5Hz, the rotation speed is 5 revolutions per second. The platform temperature is 1605 +/-5 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1565-1585 ℃, the superheat degree is kept at 25-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is 2.4-2.6 m/min. The whole process is casting-protected, and the crystallizer casting powder is high-carbon steel casting powder.
Further, the heating of the heating furnace is as follows: heating by adopting a stepping heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a preheating section is 880 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a heating section is 1100 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a soaking section is 1140 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 30-35 min, and the total heating time is less than or equal to 2.5 h.
Further, the rolling process comprises the following steps: rough rolling temperature: 1000-1030 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 880 +/-20 ℃, the spinning temperature is 900 +/-20 ℃, and the air cooling roller speed is as follows: the head roller way is 0.2-0.3m/s, and the roller way speed increasing is set to be 2-5%.
Further, the heat preservation channel: the heat preservation channel is effectively utilized, the effective release of the tissue stress and the internal stress is ensured, and the requirements of poor performance of the product and poor performance of the poker are further ensured. The temperature of the heat preservation channel is ensured to be more than or equal to 60 ℃.
The preparation method of the high-quality steel wire rod for cold heading further comprises the conventional steps of preparing steel, such as the step of preparing blast furnace molten iron before the step of pretreating the molten iron; the method comprises the process steps of checking, collecting coils, sampling, inspecting, judging, packaging, delivering warehouse and the like after rolling and spinning, wherein the process steps are carried out according to a mode disclosed by the prior art, and the process requirements are met.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the Al content in the steel is reduced by strictly controlling the cleanliness of the molten steel 2 O 3 The content of impurities and sulfur in steel is strictly controlled, and the acid-soluble aluminum in the steel is controlled to be 0.2-0.4%, so that the problems of poor castability of molten steel and easy generation of nozzle nodulation can be solved.
(2) The continuous casting crystallizer electromagnetic stirring and the tail end electromagnetic stirring are adopted, so that the surface quality of a casting blank can be improved, and internal cracks and central defects are reduced.
(3) Through a stelmor rolling and cooling control process of steel rolling and a slow cooling process, a metallographic structure composed of ferrite and pearlite is obtained.
(4) The dimensional accuracy of the wire rod can be controlled to reach B in GB/T14981 + And (4) precision.
(5) The method solves the problems that when steel QQG08Al wire rods for cold heading are produced by other methods, the nodulation phenomenon easily occurs in the square billet casting process, and the steel cannot be cast smoothly.
(6) The problem that the cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod produced by other methods has high strength and poor surface quality, so that the wire rod 1/3 is cracked during cold heading or a user cracks during use is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a metallographic photograph of a high quality cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod. It can be seen from the figure that the metallographic structure of the cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod is composed of ferrite and pearlite.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of a high quality cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod 1/3 as a real cold heading.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples are presented to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The test methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
One of the specific implementation modes is as follows:
a high-quality cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod:
design of chemical components
C: less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Si: less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Mn: 0.20% -0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.020%, Al: not less than 0.030%, and the balance Fe.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
c: carbon is the most main element influencing the cold plastic deformation of steel, and the content of C is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.08 percent.
Si: si is the residue of the deoxidizer in the smelting of steel. The reduction of the plasticity of steel is influenced, the Si content of the cold forging steel is reduced as much as possible, and the Si content is regulated to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent.
Mn: mn has a deoxidizing effect and forms manganese sulfide to improve the machinability of the steel. The Mn content is controlled to be 0.20 to 0.35 percent
P, S: P, S is a harmful element whose content is controlled to improve its purity, and is therefore required to be low. Wherein P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and S is less than or equal to 0.020 percent.
Al: the castability of the molten steel is ensured, and the Al content is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.030 percent.
Secondly, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. the process comprises the following steps: "blast furnace molten iron → molten iron pretreatment (removing S, slag) → 120t converter (top-bottom combined blowing) → ladle-bottom argon blowing → LF furnace refining → 150 × 150mm billet continuous casting (mold electromagnetic stirring) → billet slow cooling → heating furnace heating → wire rod rolling → spinning → inspection → coiling → heat preservation channel slow cooling → sampling, inspection, judgment → packaging, and delivery warehouse".
2. Key process
Pretreating molten iron; and (3) hoisting the molten iron into an S removing station, then adding active lime and magnesium powder to treat the molten iron for 20-25 min, so that the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005%, the leaving temperature is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, and the slag removing requirement reaches the mirror surface effect.
Smelting in a converter: the scrap steel accounts for about 11 percent, and the molten iron accounts for about 89 percent; and (3) top-bottom combined blowing of oxygen, wherein the tapping temperature is 1625-1660 ℃, the tapping end point C is 0.03-0.045%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, and slag is strictly forbidden.
Alloying the steel ladle: and (3) when 1/4-1/3 steel is tapped, 10-15 Kg/t of lime, pre-deoxidizer and ferroalloy are added for deoxidation alloying, and the argon blowing time is more than or equal to 5 min. Adding target amount of steel alloy per ton: 2.74kg/t of low-carbon ferromanganese steel, 3.25kg/t of aluminum iron steel, 0.13kg/t of aluminum grain steel and 0.2-0.4 m/t of aluminum wire steel.
Static argon blowing: the temperature before treatment is 1600-1635 ℃, the temperature after treatment is 1585-1605 ℃, after static argon blowing is carried out for 8-10 min, 1 kg-1.2 kg/t of pure calcium core-spun yarn is fed, and the yarn feeding speed is 3 m/s.
Refining in an LF furnace: white slag operation is required, under the condition of ensuring slag fluidity, the slag alkalinity R is controlled to be 4.2-10.6, and the oxygen potential FeO in the slag is less than 1%; detecting molten steel from time to time, and finely adjusting alloy to ensure that the components of the molten steel meet the standard requirements; LF refining time is 60-80 min, and total analysis temperature is 1580-1620 ℃. Adding amount of auxiliary materials per ton steel: 9.33-10.5 Kg/t of active lime, 40 Kg/t of carbide slag and 0.50-0.60 Kg/t of carbonized rice hulls, and detecting molten steel from time to time, adding 0.15-0.30 Kg/t of medium carbon ferromanganese fine-tuning alloy to ensure that the components of the molten steel meet the standard requirements, wherein the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 12min, and the calcium feeding line is 80-150 m.
Continuous casting: the electromagnetic stirring current of the crystallizer is 240A, the frequency is 5Hz, the crystallizer rotates positively and negatively, and the rotating speed is 5 revolutions per second. The platform temperature is 1605 +/-5 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1565-1585 ℃, the superheat degree is kept at 25-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is 2.4-2.6 m/min. The whole process is casting-protected, and the crystallizer casting powder uses square billet low-carbon steel casting powder; the casting blank cutting adopts a mode of combining automation and manpower.
And (3) heating process: heating by a stepping heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a preheating section is 880 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a heating section is 1100 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a soaking section is 1140 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 30-35 min, and the total heating time is less than or equal to 2.5 h.
The rolling process comprises the following steps: rough rolling temperature: 1000-1030 ℃; finish rolling inlet temperature: 880 plus or minus 20 ℃; spinning temperature: 900 plus or minus 20 ℃; air-cooled roller table speed: the head roller way is 0.2-0.3 m/s; the roller way speed increasing is set to be 2-5%.
A heat preservation channel: the heat preservation channel is effectively utilized, the effective release of the tissue stress and the internal stress is ensured, and the requirements of poor performance of the product and poor performance of the poker are further ensured. The temperature of the heat preservation channel is ensured to be more than or equal to 60 ℃.
In order to ensure QQG08Al casting blank quality, the surface quality of the casting blank is improved and internal cracks and center defects are reduced by controlling effective measures such as molten steel superheat degree, casting speed, electromagnetic stirring of a continuous casting crystallizer, end electromagnetic stirring and the like.
The cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod has the tensile strength of 345-370 MPa, the elongation of 40.5-43.5%, the reduction of area of 75-79% and nonmetallic inclusions (A + C is less than or equal to 1.5 and B + D is less than or equal to 1.5).
Example 1
The best embodiment of manufacturing the high-quality cold heading steel QQG08Al wire rod by adopting the technical scheme of the invention specifically comprises the following production steps:
1. pretreating molten iron; and (3) hoisting the molten iron into an S removing station, then adding active lime and magnesium powder to treat the molten iron for 20-25 min, so that the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005%, the leaving temperature is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, and the slag removing requirement reaches the mirror surface effect.
2. Smelting in a converter: the scrap steel accounts for about 11 percent, and the molten iron accounts for about 89 percent; and (3) top-bottom combined blowing of oxygen, wherein the tapping temperature is 1625-1660 ℃, the tapping end point C is 0.03-0.045%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, and slag is strictly forbidden.
3. Alloying the steel ladle: and (3) when 1/4-1/3 steel is tapped, 10-15 Kg/t of lime, pre-deoxidizer and ferroalloy are added for deoxidation alloying, and the argon blowing time is more than or equal to 5 min. Adding target amount of ton steel alloy: 2.74kg/t of low-carbon ferromanganese steel, 3.25kg/t of aluminum iron steel, 0.13kg/t of aluminum grain steel and 0.2-0.4 m/t of aluminum wire steel.
4. Static argon blowing: the temperature before treatment is 1600-1635 ℃, the temperature after treatment is 1585-1605 ℃, after static argon blowing is carried out for 8-10 min, 1 kg-1.2 kg/t of pure calcium core-spun yarn is fed, and the yarn feeding speed is 3 m/s.
5. Refining in an LF furnace: white slag operation is required, and the slag alkalinity and the oxygen potential (R4.2-10.6; FeO < 1%) in slag are controlled under the condition of ensuring the slag fluidity; detecting molten steel from time to time, and adding 0.15-0.30 Kg/t of medium carbon ferromanganese to fine-tune alloy to ensure that the components of the molten steel meet the standard requirements; LF refining time is 60-80 min, and total analysis temperature is 1580-1620 ℃. Adding amount of auxiliary materials per ton steel: 9.33-10.5 Kg/t of active lime, 40 Kg/t of carbide slag and 0.50-0.60 Kg/t of carbonized rice hulls, and detecting molten steel from time to time, finely adjusting alloy to ensure that the components of the molten steel meet the standard requirements, the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 12min, and the calcium wire is fed for 80-150 m.
6. Continuous casting: the electromagnetic stirring current of the crystallizer is 240A, the frequency is 5Hz, the crystallizer rotates positively and negatively, and the rotating speed is 5 revolutions per second. The platform temperature is 1605 +/-5 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1565-1585 ℃, the superheat degree is kept at 25-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is 2.4-2.6 m/min. The whole process is casting-protected, and the crystallizer casting powder uses square billet low-carbon steel casting powder; the casting blank cutting adopts a mode of combining automation and manpower.
7. A heating process: heating by a stepping heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a preheating section is 880 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a heating section is 1100 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a soaking section is 1140 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 30-35 min, and the total heating time is less than or equal to 2.5 h.
8. The rolling process comprises the following steps: rough rolling temperature: 1000-1030 ℃; finish rolling inlet temperature: 880 plus or minus 20 ℃; spinning temperature: 900 plus or minus 20 ℃; air-cooled roller table speed: the head roller way is 0.2-0.3 m/s; the roller way speed increasing is set to be 2-5%.
9. Heat preservation channel
The heat preservation channel is effectively utilized, the effective release of the tissue stress and the internal stress is ensured, and the requirements of poor performance of the product and poor performance of the poker are also ensured. The temperature of the heat preservation channel is ensured to be more than or equal to 60 ℃.
The preparation method of the high-quality steel wire rod for cold heading further comprises the conventional steps of preparing steel, such as the step of preparing blast furnace molten iron before the step of pretreating the molten iron; the method comprises the process steps of checking, collecting coils, sampling, inspecting, judging, packaging, delivering warehouse and the like after rolling and spinning, wherein the process steps are carried out according to a mode disclosed by the prior art, and the process requirements are met.
Product inspection and performance testing
The process according to example 1 was repeated 4 times and the final product was tested for chemical composition, casting slab low power defects, mechanical properties and microstructure and non-metallic inclusions. The test results are shown in tables (1) to (4):
table (1) results of chemical composition test:
number plate | Smelting number | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Alt | Cu |
QQG08Al | 1C27550 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 0.014 | 0.005 | 0.035 | 0.01 |
QQG08Al | 1C38258 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.039 | 0.01 |
QQG08Al | 1C38259 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.044 | 0.01 |
QQG08Al | 1C27554 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.33 | 0.013 | 0.005 | 0.039 | 0.01 |
The method has the advantages that:
mechanical properties of surface and bottom
Smelting number | Tensile strength | Elongation percentage | Reduction of area |
1C27550 | 350 | 40.5 | 79 |
1C38258 | 352 | 43 | 78 |
1C38259 | 360 | 42.5 | 77 |
1C27554 | 366 | 43 | 78 |
Table four microscopic structure and nonmetallic inclusions:
the inspection results of tables (1) to (4) show that the invention can effectively improve the quality of the high-quality steel wire rod QQG08Al for cold heading, particularly strictly control the acid-soluble aluminum in the steel to be 0.2-0.4% in the steel-making link, ensure the castability of molten steel and prevent nozzle nodulation; the continuous casting adopts electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer, so that the surface quality of a casting blank is improved, and internal cracks and central defects are reduced; through a stelmor rolling and cooling control process of steel rolling and a slow cooling process, a metallographic structure composed of ferrite and pearlite is obtained.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high quality is steel wire rod for cold-heading which characterized in that: the steel wire rod for cold heading comprises the following alloy components: less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, 0.20 to 0.35 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, more than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al and the balance of Fe.
2. The wire rod according to claim 1, wherein: the wire rod has the tensile strength of 345-370 MPa, the elongation of 40.5-43.5%, the reduction of area of 75-79%, the nonmetallic inclusion A + C of less than or equal to 1.5 and the B + D of less than or equal to 1.5.
3. The method for producing a high-quality steel wire rod for cold heading as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the process sequentially comprises the steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, LF furnace refining, continuous casting, heating of a heating furnace, rolling and heat preservation channel slow cooling, wherein the molten iron pretreatment is carried out; and (3) hoisting the molten iron into an S removing station, then adding active lime and magnesium powder to treat the molten iron for 20-25 min, so that the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005%, the leaving temperature is more than or equal to 1300 ℃, and the slag removing requirement reaches the mirror surface effect.
The converter smelting comprises the following steps: the raw materials are molten iron and scrap steel, wherein the scrap steel accounts for 6-10%; oxygen top-bottom combined blowing is carried out, the tapping temperature is 1625-1660 ℃, the tapping end point C is 0.03-0.045%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, and slag discharging is strictly forbidden; alloying a steel ladle, namely adding 10-15 Kg/t of lime, pre-deoxidizer and ferroalloy when discharging 1/4-1/3 steel, and blowing argon for more than or equal to 5 min; the temperature before treatment is 1600-1635 ℃, the temperature after treatment is 1585-1605 ℃, after static argon blowing is carried out for 8-10 min, 1 kg-1.2 kg/t of pure calcium core-spun yarn is fed, and the yarn feeding speed is 3 m/s.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the pre-deoxidizer is low-carbon ferromanganese, and the addition amount is 2.74kg/t steel; the iron alloy is aluminum iron, aluminum particles and aluminum wires, the addition amount of the iron alloy is 3.25kg/t steel of aluminum iron, 0.13kg/t steel of aluminum particles and 0.2-0.4 m/t steel of aluminum wires.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the LF refining requires white slag operation, under the condition of ensuring slag fluidity, the slag alkalinity R is controlled to be 4.2-10.6, the oxygen potential FeO in slag is less than 1%, the refining time is 60-80 min, the total analysis temperature is 1580-1620 ℃, 9.33-10.5 Kg/t of active lime, 40 Kg/furnace of carbide slag and 0.50-0.60 Kg/t of carbonized rice husk are added, the molten steel is detected from time to time, 0.15-0.30 Kg/t of steel fine-tuning alloy is added, the molten steel components are ensured to reach the standard requirement, the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 12min, and the calcium feeding line is 80-150 m.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the continuous casting comprises the following steps: electromagnetic stirring is carried out by adopting a crystallizer, the current is 240A, the frequency is 5Hz, the rotation speed is 5 revolutions per second. The platform temperature is 1605 +/-5 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1565-1585 ℃, the superheat degree is kept at 25-35 ℃, and the drawing speed is 2.4-2.6 m/min. The whole process is casting-protected, and the crystallizer casting powder uses square billet low-carbon steel casting powder.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein: the heating of the heating furnace is as follows: heating by adopting a stepping heating furnace, wherein the temperature of a preheating section is 880 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a heating section is 1100 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 45-50 min, the temperature of a soaking section is 1140 +/-20 ℃, the heating time is 30-35 min, and the total heating time is less than or equal to 2.5 h.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein: the rolling process comprises the following steps: rough rolling temperature: 1000-1030 ℃, the finish rolling inlet temperature is 880 +/-20 ℃, the spinning temperature is 900 +/-20 ℃, and the air-cooled roller speed is as follows: the head roller way is 0.2-0.3m/s, and the roller way speed increasing is set to be 2-5%.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein: the heat preservation channel is slowly cooled as follows: the temperature of the heat preservation channel is ensured to be more than or equal to 60 ℃.
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