CN115287545B - Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fastener and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fastener and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115287545B CN115287545B CN202211042511.0A CN202211042511A CN115287545B CN 115287545 B CN115287545 B CN 115287545B CN 202211042511 A CN202211042511 A CN 202211042511A CN 115287545 B CN115287545 B CN 115287545B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017028 MnSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 silicon-aluminum-calcium Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000720 Silicomanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.07 to 0.10 percent; si: 0.06-0.12%; mn:0.25 to 0.45 percent; p:0 to 0.035 percent; s:0 to 0.035 percent; als:0.007 to 0.010 percent; iron, impurities: the balance. The grain grade of the cold heading steel wire rod is more than or equal to 9.0 grade, the tensile strength is less than or equal to 410MPa, and the elongation after breaking is more than or equal to 30 percent; the non-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 5.5-10 mm is not more than 0.30mm, the non-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 10.5-15 mm is not more than 0.40mm, and the non-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 15.5-20 mm is not more than 0.50mm. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener, which comprises the working procedures of smelting, aluminum wire feeding, continuous casting, heating, dephosphorization, rolling and the like, and effectively improves the cold heading processability of the cold heading steel wire rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Q195L cold heading steel wire rod is widely used for manufacturing various fasteners such as bolts, nuts, screws and the like, and manufacturing cold extrusion parts and various cold heading formed parts. In the cold heading process, the deformation amount is particularly large, so that the supported deformation speed is high, the defects of surface cracks, scars, inclusions and the like are easy to occur, and a large number of unqualified products are generated. The key reasons for influencing the workability and mechanical properties of cold-heading steel wire rods are the chemical composition of the steel, surface defects, inclusions and grain size of the steel and rolling process parameters. In this regard, development of a cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener is urgently required to ensure the quality of the cold heading member.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener and a preparation method thereof, which solve the technical problems that the existing cold heading steel wire rod is easy to have surface cracks, scars, inclusions and the like in the cold heading process. The invention is beneficial to improving the cold heading processability of the cold heading steel wire rod and provides a basis for preparing a fastener with higher quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
further, the mass ratio of Mn to Si is more than or equal to 2.8.
Further, a preparation method of the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener comprises the following steps:
s1, taking molten iron and scrap steel as raw materials, and adding quicklime, light burned dolomite and light burned magnesium ball slag former for smelting;
s2, tapping after smelting is completed, adding a silicon-manganese alloy and SiAlCA composite deoxidizer in the tapping process, and adding a covering agent after tapping is completed to obtain molten steel;
s3, feeding aluminum wires into the molten steel under the argon blowing condition to obtain refined molten steel;
s4, carrying out continuous casting by using refined molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
s5, heating and dephosphorizing the steel billet;
s6, rolling the steel billet, and sequentially performing rough rolling, pre-finish rolling, finish rolling and wire spinning in the rolling process to obtain a wire rod;
and S7, cooling the wire rod in an air cooling line, and collecting, bundling, weighing and marking to obtain the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener.
In the step S1, smelting end point control C is 0.05-0.08%, P, S is less than or equal to 0.025%, end point temperature 1630-1660 ℃ and slag alkalinity is 2.2-2.5.
Further, in the step S2, the method for adding the silicomanganese alloy and the SiAlCa composite deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
when the steel tapping amount reaches 1/4, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, and when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, completing the addition of the silicon-manganese alloy;
the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer is added in three times when the tapping amount reaches 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4.
Further, in the step S3, argon blowing time after aluminum wire feeding is more than or equal to 6min; the temperature of refined molten steel is 1570-1600 ℃;
in the step S4, when the refined molten steel is used for continuous casting, the temperature of the ladle molten steel is controlled to be 1535-1565 ℃, and the refined molten steel is cast from a tundish to a crystallizer by adopting a long nozzle; the casting blank drawing speed is 2.7-3.1 m/min, the casting blank process adopts a two-cooling automatic water distribution method, and the specific water quantity is 1.4+/-0.2L/kg.
Further, the grade of internal looseness, cracks and shrinkage holes of the steel billet obtained in the step S4 is less than or equal to grade 1, and the external dimension and the surface quality of the steel billet accord with the standard YB/T2011-2014.
Further, in step S5, after the steel billet is heated, the soaking temperature of the steel billet is 1070±30 ℃, and the temperature difference of the steel billet along the length direction is not more than 30 ℃; the dephosphorization method is to adopt high-pressure water with the water pressure of more than or equal to 16MPa to remove the scale on the surface of the steel billet.
Further, in step S6, the temperatures of rough rolling, pre-finish rolling, finish rolling and spinning are 1050+ -30 ℃, 930+ -20 ℃, 900+ -20 ℃ and 880+ -20 ℃, respectively; after spinning, the wire rod enters an air cooling line to control cooling, and the roller speed is 0.5-0.6 m/s.
Further, the grain grade of the cold heading steel wire rod obtained in the step S7 is more than or equal to 9.0 grade, the tensile strength is less than or equal to 410MPa, and the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 30%; the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 5.5-10 mm is not more than 0.30mm, the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 10.5-15 mm is not more than 0.40mm, and the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 15.5-20 mm is not more than 0.50mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the components of the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener are optimized, so that the C, si content in steel is reduced, the consumption of ferrosilicon alloy is saved, and the cold heading processability of the ferrosilicon alloy is improved well;
(2) According to the invention, the components of the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener are optimized, the mass ratio of Mn/Si is controlled to be more than or equal to 2.8, the fluidity and the castability of molten steel are ensured, and the casting temperature and the superheat degree of the molten steel are reduced, so that the consumption of working procedure materials and energy sources is reduced, and the quality of steel billets is improved;
(3) According to the invention, through component optimization of Q195L cold heading steel wire rods for fasteners, acid-soluble aluminum Als in steel is controlled: 0.007 to 0.010 percent, ensures the castability of molten steel, and also has the functions of refining grains, improving the strength of steel and improving the cold heading processability;
(4) According to the invention, through molten steel smelting, deoxidization alloying, refining and continuous casting precise control, the grade of internal looseness, cracks, shrinkage cavities and inclusions of the produced steel billet is less than or equal to 1 grade, and the external dimension and the surface quality of the steel billet accord with the relevant regulations of YB/T2011-2014;
(5) The invention ensures the grain size, the surface quality and the external dimension of round steel by advanced technologies of high-pressure water descaling, temperature control rolling, sizing instrument, precise control of material, guide, rolling tension and air cooling line temperature control of the steel billet before rough rolling, so that the cold heading steel wire rod has qualified mechanical property and good cold heading processing property;
(6) The invention optimizes each technological parameter in the preparation method and effectively improves the quality of the steel wire rods.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and clear from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
The Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener and the preparation method thereof are provided by the invention through chemical composition and manufacturing process design, the prepared cold heading steel wire rod has excellent processing performance and mechanical performance, surface quality and external dimension, the process requirements of cold forging processing are better met, and the qualification rate of various fasteners, cold extrusion parts and various cold heading formed parts and components can be greatly improved. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.07 to 0.10 percent; si: 0.06-0.12%; mn:0.25 to 0.45 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.035%; s is less than or equal to 0.035%; mn/Si is more than or equal to 2.8; acid soluble aluminum Als:0.007 to 0.010 percent; the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein C is one of elements for increasing the strength and hardness of the steel, and decreases the toughness and plasticity of the steel. The cold heading steel needs to have higher ductility, and is more beneficial to cold heading processing. Therefore, the invention controls the carbon content at the lower level of 0.07-0.10%, and improves the cold heading workability of the steel.
In the components of the cold heading steel wire rod, mn/Si is more than or equal to 2.8, the Mn and Si content in the steel not only affects the castability of molten steel, but also affects the mechanical property of the steel, the Mn/Si ratio is properly increased, and the deoxidized product (MnO.SiO) 2 ) The steel is in a liquid state, improves the fluidity of molten steel, is beneficial to continuous casting production, improves the plasticity and cold working performance of the wire rod, and improves the cold heading workability of the steel.
The Als content is controlled to be 0.007-0.010%. Al is a strong deoxidizing and nitrogen fixing agent, can effectively reduce oxygen content and inclusion in steel, refine grains, inhibit aging of low-carbon steel, improve toughness of steel at low temperature, particularly reduce brittle transition temperature of steel, and improve cold heading workability of steel.
The Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener has the grain grade of more than or equal to 9.0 grade, the structure type of ferrite and pearlite, the tensile strength of less than or equal to 410MPa and the elongation after fracture of more than or equal to 30 percent. The out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 5.5-10 mm is not more than 0.30mm, the out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 10.5-15 mm is not more than 0.40mm, and the out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 15.5-20 mm is not more than 0.50mm.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener, which comprises the following process steps:
s1, smelting: molten iron and scrap steel converter smelting. Controlling the smelting end point to be 0.05-0.08%, P, S being less than or equal to 0.025%, the end point temperature being 1630-1660 ℃ and the slag alkalinity being 2.2-2.5; argon is blown from the bottom of the steel ladle in the whole tapping process, slag is blocked by a slag stopper during tapping, silicon-manganese alloy is added during 1/4 of tapping, and the addition is completed during 3/4 of tapping; the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer is added 3 times when tapping is performed for 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4; alloy addition amount SiAlCA composite deoxidizer 1.5-1.8 kg/t steel, si-Mn alloy 5.5-7.0 kg/t steel; after the alloy is added, a slag blocking rod is arranged to block slag, so that slag is prevented from being discharged from steel, 3 bags of covering agents are added into a steel ladle after the steel is discharged, each bag of covering agents is about 30kg, molten steel is prevented from being exposed, and heat is preserved, so that molten steel is obtained.
S2: refining molten steel: continuously blowing argon at the bottom of the steel ladle after the steel is discharged, and feeding aluminum wires at a wire feeding station, wherein the amount of the fed aluminum wires is 0.12-0.15 kg/t of steel; argon blowing time is more than or equal to 6min after aluminum wire feeding, molten steel temperature is controlled to be 1570-1600 ℃ after argon blowing refining, and steel ladle cover is added for heat preservation after wire feeding, temperature measurement and sampling are completed.
S3: continuous casting of square billets: refining molten steel to a continuous casting ladle table for continuous casting production, adding a composite heat preservation agent into the molten steel of a continuous casting tundish, and protecting and pouring the molten steel from the ladle to the tundish; the temperature of the ladle molten steel is controlled at 1535-1565 ℃, and the molten steel is poured from the tundish to the crystallizer by adopting a long nozzle for protection; the crystallizer adopts electromagnetic stirring and liquid level automatic control technology; the casting blank pulling speed is controlled to be 2.7-3.1 m/min, and the steel blank is obtained by adopting a two-cooling automatic water distribution technology and the specific water quantity is 1.4+/-0.2L/kg. The grade of looseness, cracks and shrinkage holes in the steel billet is less than or equal to 1 grade, and the external dimension and the surface quality of the steel billet accord with the relevant regulations of YB/T2011-2014.
S4: heating a steel billet: heating by adopting a step-by-step heating furnace, wherein a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking section are arranged in the furnace, a billet moves forward under the transmission of a furnace rib pipe, and is uniformly heated and gradually heated; the soaking temperature is controlled to 1070+/-30 ℃, and the temperature difference of the billet along the length direction is not more than 30 ℃; and the heating time is 80-90 min for hot feeding of the steel billet and 90-120 min for cold feeding of the steel billet.
S5: descaling a steel billet: and discharging the steel billet, and removing scales by high-pressure water, wherein the water pressure is more than or equal to 16MPa, so that oxide scales on the surface of the steel billet are thoroughly removed.
S6: rolling: the initial rolling temperature of the billet is controlled at 1050+/-30 ℃, the pre-finish rolling temperature is controlled at 930+/-20 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is controlled at 900+/-20 ℃, and the wire laying temperature is 880+/-20 ℃; the spinning wire enters an air cooling line to be cooled, the roller speed is 0.55m/s, and the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener is obtained after wire rod coiling, bundling, weighing and marking.
In the preparation method, high-pressure water is adopted for descaling, so that the iron scales formed in the heating furnace can be thoroughly removed, the iron scales on the surface of the round steel are prevented from being pressed in, and the surface quality of the round steel is improved.
In the preparation method, the metallographic grain size of the round steel is more than or equal to 9.0 grade, the tensile strength is less than or equal to 410MPa, and the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 30 percent by various methods such as controlled cooling, controlled rolling, air cooling, wire temperature control and the like. The out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 5.5-10 mm is not more than 0.30mm, the out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 10.5-15 mm is not more than 0.40mm, and the out-of-roundness of the wire rod with the diameter of 15.5-20 mm is not more than 0.50mm.
Examples1：
A Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener comprises the following components C in percentage by mass and with the performance: 0.07%, si:0.09%, mn:0.38%, P:0.025%, S:0.019%, als:0.008%, mn/Si:4.2, the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities; tensile strength: 400MPa, elongation after break of 38 percent and grain size of 10.0 grade.
A preparation method of Q195L cold heading steel wire rods for fasteners comprises the following specific steps:
s1, smelting: tapping the molten steel by using a double-gear slag at the tapping temperature of 1647 ℃ and with 0.05% of terminal carbon, blowing argon at the bottom of a steel ladle in the whole tapping process, deoxidizing by adding a silicon-aluminum-calcium composite deoxidizer in the tapping process, and adding a MnSi alloy to obtain the molten steel.
S2, ladle refining: the ladle is continuously subjected to bottom argon blowing, aluminum wire feeding alloying and argon blowing for 8min, the argon blowing strength ensures that the liquid level micro-turning molten steel is not exposed, and the molten steel temperature after argon blowing is 1572 ℃.
S3: continuous casting of square billets: controlling the temperature of the pouring tundish to be 1543 ℃ and the pulling speed to be 3.0m/min, and continuously casting to obtain the steel billet.
S4: heating: the heating furnace of the step-by-step heating furnace comprises a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking section which are uniformly heated and gradually heated; blank ejection temperature: 1090 ℃.
S5: rolling wire rods with the diameter of 6.5 mm: the billet is descaled by high-pressure water after being discharged from a furnace, and is rolled by a rough rolling mill, a medium rolling mill, a pre-finish rolling mill and a finish rolling mill group, wherein the water tank is arranged for controlling the temperature and the rolling mill, the initial rolling temperature is controlled to 1070 ℃, the pre-finish rolling temperature is controlled to 928 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to 910 ℃, the spinning temperature is 894 ℃, and the roller way speed is 0.55m/s.
Examples2：
A Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener comprises the following components C in percentage by mass and with the performance: 0.07%, si:0.11%, mn:0.40%, P:0.022%, S:0.017%, als:0.007%, mn/Si:3.6, the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities; tensile strength: 375MPa, elongation after break 36% and grain size 9.5 grade.
A preparation method of Q195L cold heading steel wire rods for fasteners comprises the following specific steps:
s1, smelting: the steel tapping temperature of converter smelting is 1652 ℃, the terminal carbon is 0.06%, double-gear slag tapping is carried out, a silicon-aluminum-calcium composite deoxidizer is added for deoxidization in the tapping process, and MnSi alloy is added for alloying, so that molten steel is obtained.
S2, ladle refining: argon is blown to the bottom of the steel ladle, aluminum wire is fed for alloying, argon blowing is carried out for 10min, the argon blowing strength ensures that the liquid level micro-turning molten steel is not exposed, and the temperature of the molten steel after argon blowing is 1580 ℃.
S3: continuous casting of square billets: the temperature of the pouring tundish is controlled to be 1535 ℃, the pulling speed is 3.1m/min, and the billet is obtained by continuous casting.
S4: heating: the heating furnace of the step-by-step heating furnace comprises a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking section which are uniformly heated and gradually heated; blank ejection temperature: 1060 ℃.
S5: rolling a wire rod with the diameter of 14 mm: the billet is descaled by high-pressure water after being discharged from a furnace, and is rolled by a rough rolling mill, a medium rolling mill, a pre-finish rolling mill and a finish rolling mill group, wherein the water tank is arranged for controlling the temperature and the rolling mill, the initial rolling temperature is controlled to 1064 ℃, the pre-finish rolling temperature is controlled to 922 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is controlled to 910 ℃, the spinning temperature is 890 ℃, and the roller way speed is 0.55m/s.
Examples3：
A Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for a fastener comprises the following components C in percentage by mass and with the performance: 0.08%, si:0.12%, mn:0.44%, P:0.028%, S:0.016%, als:0.009%, mn/Si:3.7, the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities; tensile strength: 380MPa, elongation after break of 33% and grain size of 9.5 grade.
A preparation method of Q195L cold heading steel wire rods for fasteners comprises the following specific steps:
s1, smelting: the steel tapping temperature of converter smelting is 1651 ℃, the terminal carbon is 0.05%, double-gear slag tapping is carried out, a silicon-aluminum-calcium composite deoxidizer is added for deoxidization in the tapping process, and MnSi alloy is added to obtain molten steel.
S2, ladle refining: argon is blown to the bottom of the steel ladle, aluminum wire is fed for alloying, argon blowing is carried out for 8min, the argon blowing strength ensures that the liquid level micro-turning molten steel is not exposed, and the temperature of the molten steel after argon blowing is 1573 ℃.
S3: continuous casting of square billets: controlling the temperature of a casting tundish to be 1547 ℃, the pulling speed to be 2.9m/min, and continuously casting to obtain a billet;
s4: heating: the heating furnace of the step-by-step heating furnace comprises a preheating section, a heating section and a soaking section which are uniformly heated and gradually heated; blank ejection temperature: 1070 ℃.
S5: rolling a wire rod with the diameter of 20 mm: the billet is descaled by high-pressure water after being discharged from a furnace, and is rolled by a rough rolling mill, a medium rolling mill, a pre-finish rolling mill and a finish rolling mill group, wherein the water tank is arranged for controlling the temperature and the rolling mill, the initial rolling temperature is controlled at 1060 ℃, the pre-finish rolling temperature is controlled at 925 ℃, the finish rolling temperature is controlled at 910 ℃, the spinning temperature is 900 ℃, and the roller way speed is 0.55m/s.
The mechanical properties of the cold heading steel hot rolled wire rods of examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1:
table 1 results of detection of mechanical properties of cold heading steel hot rolled wire rods of examples 1-3
The same batch of wire rods were manufactured by the preparation process of examples 1, 2 and 3 and performance tests were performed, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 same batch wire rod Performance test results Table
As can be seen from Table 2, the preparation method of the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod provided by the invention has the advantage of good stability, the wire rod produced in the same batch has small performance, grain size and out-of-roundness deviation, the performance deviation is within +/-13 MPa, the out-of-roundness deviation is +/-0.025 mm, and the grain size deviation is +/-0.5 level.
The invention has been described in detail in connection with the specific embodiments and exemplary examples thereof, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
the mass ratio of Mn to Si is more than or equal to 2.8;
the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener is prepared by the following method:
s1, taking molten iron and scrap steel as raw materials, and adding quicklime, light burned dolomite and light burned magnesium ball slag former for smelting;
s2, tapping after smelting is completed, adding a silicon-manganese alloy and SiAlCA composite deoxidizer in the tapping process, and adding a covering agent after tapping is completed to obtain molten steel;
s3, feeding aluminum wires into the molten steel under the argon blowing condition to obtain refined molten steel;
s4, carrying out continuous casting by using refined molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
s5, heating and dephosphorizing the steel billet;
s6, rolling the steel billet, and sequentially performing rough rolling, pre-finish rolling, finish rolling and wire spinning in the rolling process to obtain a wire rod;
s7, cooling the wire rod in an air cooling line, and collecting, bundling, weighing and marking to obtain a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener;
in the step S2, the method for adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
when the steel tapping amount reaches 1/4, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, and when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, completing the addition of the silicon-manganese alloy;
the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer is added in three times when the tapping amount reaches 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4;
in the step S3, argon blowing time after aluminum wire feeding is more than or equal to 6min; the temperature of refined molten steel is 1570-1600 ℃;
in the step S4, when the refined molten steel is used for continuous casting, the temperature of the ladle molten steel is controlled to be 1535-1565 ℃, and the refined molten steel is cast from a tundish to a crystallizer by adopting a long nozzle; the casting blank drawing speed is 2.7-3.1 m/min, the casting blank process adopts a two-cooling automatic water distribution method, and the specific water quantity is 1.4+/-0.2L/kg.
2. The method for manufacturing a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fasteners as defined in claim 1, comprising:
s1, taking molten iron and scrap steel as raw materials, and adding quicklime, light burned dolomite and light burned magnesium ball slag former for smelting;
s2, tapping after smelting is completed, adding a silicon-manganese alloy and SiAlCA composite deoxidizer in the tapping process, and adding a covering agent after tapping is completed to obtain molten steel;
s3, feeding aluminum wires into the molten steel under the argon blowing condition to obtain refined molten steel;
s4, carrying out continuous casting by using refined molten steel to obtain a steel billet;
s5, heating and dephosphorizing the steel billet;
s6, rolling the steel billet, and sequentially performing rough rolling, pre-finish rolling, finish rolling and wire spinning in the rolling process to obtain a wire rod;
s7, cooling the wire rod in an air cooling line, and collecting, bundling, weighing and marking to obtain a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener;
in the step S2, the method for adding the silicon-manganese alloy and the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer comprises the following steps:
when the steel tapping amount reaches 1/4, adding the silicon-manganese alloy, and when the steel tapping amount reaches 3/4, completing the addition of the silicon-manganese alloy;
the SiAlCA composite deoxidizer is added in three times when the tapping amount reaches 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4;
in the step S3, argon blowing time after aluminum wire feeding is more than or equal to 6min; the temperature of refined molten steel is 1570-1600 ℃;
in the step S4, when the refined molten steel is used for continuous casting, the temperature of the ladle molten steel is controlled to be 1535-1565 ℃, and the refined molten steel is cast from a tundish to a crystallizer by adopting a long nozzle; the casting blank drawing speed is 2.7-3.1 m/min, the casting blank process adopts a two-cooling automatic water distribution method, and the specific water quantity is 1.4+/-0.2L/kg.
3. The method for producing Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fastener according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, smelting end point control C is 0.05-0.08%, P, S is less than or equal to 0.025%, end point temperature is 1630-1660 ℃, and slag alkalinity is 2.2-2.5.
4. The method for preparing the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that the grade of internal looseness, cracks and shrinkage holes of the steel billet obtained in the step S4 is less than or equal to 1 grade, and the external dimension and the surface quality of the steel billet accord with the standard YB/T2011-2014.
5. The method for manufacturing Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fastener according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, after the billet is heated, the soaking temperature of the billet is 1070±30 ℃, and the temperature difference of the billet along the length direction is not more than 30 ℃; the dephosphorization method is to adopt high-pressure water with the water pressure of more than or equal to 16MPa to remove the scale on the surface of the steel billet.
6. The method for producing a Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for fasteners according to claim 2, wherein in step S6, the temperatures of rough rolling, pre-finish rolling, finish rolling and wire spinning are 1050±30 ℃, 930±20 ℃, 900±20 ℃ and 880±20 ℃, respectively; after spinning, the wire rod enters an air cooling line to control cooling, and the roller speed is 0.5-0.6 m/s.
7. The method for preparing the Q195L cold heading steel wire rod for the fastener, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that the grain grade of the cold heading steel wire rod obtained in the step S7 is more than or equal to 9.0 grade, the tensile strength is less than or equal to 410MPa, and the elongation after break is more than or equal to 30%; the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 5.5-10 mm is not more than 0.30mm, the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 10.5-15 mm is not more than 0.40mm, and the out-of-roundness of the cold heading steel wire rod with the diameter of 15.5-20 mm is not more than 0.50mm.
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