CN116493608A - Forming cavity station switching system and method of additive manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
Forming cavity station switching system and method of additive manufacturing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116493608A CN116493608A CN202310753898.9A CN202310753898A CN116493608A CN 116493608 A CN116493608 A CN 116493608A CN 202310753898 A CN202310753898 A CN 202310753898A CN 116493608 A CN116493608 A CN 116493608A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 8
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
- B22F12/82—Combination of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/86—Serial processing with multiple devices grouped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for switching stations of a molding cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, wherein the system comprises a controller, a powder cleaning cabin, a sealing cabin, a molding cavity, a powder cleaning station, a molding cavity moving assembly, a jacking mechanism and a Z-axis push rod guide assembly; a powder cleaning station is arranged below the powder cleaning cabin, and a forming station is arranged below the sealing cabin; the molding cavity moving assembly is arranged above the molding station and the powder cleaning station, the molding cavity is arranged above the molding cavity moving assembly and can be switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station, and the molding cavity can be respectively in sealing connection with the powder cleaning cabin or the sealing cabin above when being switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station. The system of the invention is used for realizing the airtight space of the integral printing cavity and the airtight space of the powder cleaning cavity of the powder cleaning station through the molding cavity, the sealed cabin and the powder cleaning cabin; the butt joint at different positions does not need an additional power source, can be realized by a Z-axis power system, and has simple structure and high working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a system and a method for switching stations of a forming cavity of additive manufacturing equipment.
Background
3D printing (3 DP), a type of rapid prototyping technology, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technology that builds objects by means of layer-by-layer printing, using bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic, based on digital model files.
3D printing is typically implemented using a digital technology material printer. Often in the fields of mould manufacture, industrial design, etc., are used to manufacture models, and later gradually in the direct manufacture of some products, parts have been printed using this technique. The technology has application in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.
With the continuous innovation of selective laser melting and sintering additive manufacturing equipment, the requirements of the market on the processing size and the processing efficiency of the equipment are continuously increased, the selective laser melting and sintering additive manufacturing equipment is now developing towards the large-size and high-efficiency direction, and the station switching of a cavity can provide great convenience for equipment operation. The stable, reliable and high-precision station switching of the forming cavity is particularly important, and particularly for the forming station, if the station switching can be performed, the working efficiency can be greatly improved, so that a stable, reliable and high-working-efficiency station switching system of the forming cavity is urgently needed to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for switching stations of a molding cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which can switch stations of the molding cavity of additive manufacturing, are provided with a molding cavity and a molding cavity moving assembly, wherein the molding cavity is placed on the molding cavity moving assembly, and the molding cavity moving assembly are locked in position through a locating pin, so that repeated placement accuracy is ensured, and displacement generated between the molding cavity and the molding cavity moving assembly is avoided, so that accurate translation cannot be realized. The whole device is connected with the airtight space of the integral printing cavity and the airtight space of the powder cleaning cavity of the powder cleaning station through the forming cavity, the sealed cabin and the powder cleaning bin; the butt joint at different positions can be realized by a Z-axis power system without an additional power source, so that the structure is simplified and the energy is saved on the basis of improving the working efficiency.
The invention particularly provides a station switching system of a forming cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises a controller, a powder cleaning cabin, a sealing cabin, a forming cavity, a powder cleaning station, a forming cavity moving assembly, a jacking mechanism and a Z-axis push rod guide assembly;
a powder cleaning station is arranged below the powder cleaning cabin, and a forming station is arranged below the sealing cabin; the molding cavity moving assembly is arranged above the molding station and the powder cleaning station, the molding cavity is arranged above the molding cavity moving assembly and can be switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station, and the molding cavity can be respectively connected with the powder cleaning cabin or the sealing cabin above in a sealing way when being switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station;
the Z-axis push rod guide assemblies are respectively arranged below the powder cleaning station and the forming station;
the molding cavity moving assembly comprises a transverse guide rail by means of which the molding cavity can be moved; the transverse guide rail is provided with a servo motor and a synchronous belt, and the servo motor drives the transverse guide rail to move by means of the synchronous belt;
a group of Z-axis push rod guide assemblies are arranged below the powder cleaning station and the forming station, each Z-axis push rod guide assembly comprises a Z-axis push rod and a locking mechanism, a piston is arranged in each forming cavity, each Z-axis push rod is connected with each piston and can be locked or separated by the aid of each locking mechanism, and each Z-axis push rod is provided with a butt joint switch and a jacking power block; the jacking mechanism is fixedly connected with the forming cavity, and when the jacking power block is in contact with the jacking mechanism, the controller controls the jacking mechanism to overturn and enables the forming cavity to move upwards or downwards under the driving of the jacking power block;
when the molding cavity is positioned at the powder cleaning station and needs to be switched to the molding station, the Z-axis push rod of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly below the powder cleaning station drives the piston and the molding cylinder to move downwards, and when the molding cavity is lowered to a lower limit position, the controller opens the locking mechanism, and the Z-axis push rod and the piston continue to move downwards;
the jacking power block of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station is contacted with the jacking mechanism and continuously runs downwards, the forming cavity is turned over downwards along with the jacking mechanism and falls down to the forming cavity moving assembly, and the transverse position of the forming cavity is switched through the forming cavity moving assembly, so that the switching from the powder cleaning station to the forming station is completed;
when the molding cavity moves from the powder cleaning station to the molding station, the molding cavity ascends after the powder cleaning station moves to the molding station through the molding cavity moving assembly, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly ascends, the jacking power block contacts with the jacking mechanism and continues to run upwards, and the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn upwards and ascend; when the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity is lifted to a final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity and the sealing cabin is tightly pressed and sealed;
then, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continues to ascend, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continue to ascend for a certain distance, the locking mechanism is used for locking through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve, and the piston is fixed with the Z-axis push rod guide assembly;
when the molding cavity is positioned at the molding station and needs to be moved to the powder cleaning station, the locking mechanism is inflated through the electromagnetic valve to unlock, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the molding station drives the piston to move downwards;
when the jacking power block is touched with the jacking mechanism, the jacking mechanism is turned over, the forming cavity continuously descends after being turned over along with the jacking mechanism until the forming cavity falls onto the forming cavity moving assembly, and the transverse position of the forming cavity is switched through the forming cavity moving assembly, so that the switching from the forming station to the powder cleaning station is completed;
after the molding cavity moves to the powder cleaning station, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station continuously rises, after the Z-axis push rod guide assembly rises to a certain height, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continuously rises, and the molding cavity is jacked up by the jacking mechanism; when the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity is lifted to a final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity and the powder cleaning cabin is compressed to play a sealing role;
and then, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continuously ascends, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continuously ascend for a certain distance, and the locking mechanism is used for locking through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve to fix the piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly together.
Preferably, the lower limit is the lowest position of the piston within the forming chamber.
Preferably, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continue to ascend for a distance of 3-4mm.
Preferably, the locking mechanism is pneumatically controlled and comprises a locking male head, a shell, a locking steel ball, a locking seat, a spring, an air port, a locking mechanism piston and a piston sealing ring; the locking seat is fixedly connected with the shell, the locking male head is arranged above the locking seat, the locking mechanism piston is arranged in the shell, one end of the spring is connected with the locking mechanism piston, the locking seat is provided with a flow channel for accommodating the locking steel balls, the locking mechanism piston is provided with a notch, when the locking mechanism piston is inflated, under the sealing effect of the sealing ring, the air pressure overcomes the elasticity of the spring, the locking mechanism piston rises, the locking steel balls flow into the notch of the locking mechanism piston, and the locking male head is opened; when the exhaust is carried out, the piston of the locking mechanism moves downwards under the action of the spring to push the locking steel balls to flow back to the locking seat, and the locking steel balls squeeze the locking male head to lock the locking mechanism.
Preferably, 4 sets of jacking mechanism, powder cleaning station and forming station are respectively arranged.
Preferably, the locking male head is of a mushroom head structure, and the internal flow passage of the locking seat is of a bell mouth structure.
Preferably, more than 3 locking steel balls are uniformly arranged in each circle.
Preferably, the forming cavity moving assembly is provided with a positioning pin, and when the forming cavity falls to the forming cavity moving assembly, the forming cavity is fixedly connected with the forming cavity moving assembly by means of the positioning pin.
On the other hand, the invention provides a station switching method of a station switching system of a molding cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the locking mechanism is unlocked through inflation of the electromagnetic valve, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station drives the piston to move downwards, so that the forming cavity falls onto the forming cavity moving assembly and moves transversely by means of the forming cavity moving assembly.
S2, after the forming cavity moves to a target station through the forming cavity moving assembly, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the station ascends, the jacking power block contacts with the jacking mechanism and continues to operate upwards, and the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn upwards and ascend.
S2, the jacking mechanism drives the jacking power block to continuously ascend, and after the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity ascends to a final butting position and is in sealing connection with the target cabin.
S3, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continues to ascend, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continue to ascend for a certain distance, and the locking mechanism locks through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve to fix the piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly together.
S4, forming the forming cavity at a forming station or cleaning powder at a powder cleaning station.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a station switching system for a forming cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which has the advantages of simple integral structure and small occupied area, can switch the station of the forming cavity of the additive manufacturing equipment, is convenient for switching powder cleaning and forming, does not need to arrange a separate powder cleaning device, can perform 3D printing of the whole process, simplifies the equipment process line, and greatly improves the integral working efficiency. The station switching system of the forming cavity of the additive manufacturing equipment is provided with the forming cavity and the forming cavity moving assembly, the forming cavity is placed on the forming cavity moving assembly, and the forming cavity moving assembly are locked in position through the locating pin, so that repeated placement accuracy is guaranteed.
(2) The molding cavity station switching system of the additive manufacturing equipment is used for abutting the airtight space of the integral printing cavity and the airtight space of the powder cleaning cavity of the powder cleaning station through the molding cavity, the sealed cabin and the powder cleaning bin; the butt joint of different positions does not need an additional power source, the position can be switched by the Z-axis power system, other power devices are not needed, and the energy is further saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a station switching system for a molding cavity of an additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a station switching system for a molding cavity of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a piston structure of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the piston lock locking mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a molding cavity station switching system of an additive manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting mechanism and the turning base of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flip seat according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a station switching system of a forming cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which is shown in fig. 1-2 and comprises a controller, a powder cleaning cabin 1, a sealing cabin 2, a forming cavity 3, a powder cleaning station 4, a forming station 5, a forming cavity moving assembly 6, a jacking mechanism 7 and a Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8. The forming cavity 3 can be switched between the forming station 5 and the powder cleaning station 4, so that the forming cavity 3 can be respectively in butt joint with the sealed cabin 2 or the powder cleaning cabin 1, and when the forming cavity 3 is positioned at the powder cleaning station 4, the forming cavity 3 is in butt joint with the powder cleaning cabin 1, so that powder cleaning work is completed. After the powder cleaning is finished, the molding cavity 3 is moved from the powder cleaning station to the molding station by using the molding cavity moving assembly 6, the molding cavity 3 is in butt joint with the sealed cabin 2 on the molding station, 3D printing molding operation is performed, and the molding operation is moved to the powder cleaning station for powder cleaning after the operation is finished, so that the molding operation is reciprocated. In other embodiments, the remaining stations may be docked in addition to a molding station and a purge station.
A powder cleaning station 4 is arranged below the powder cleaning cabin 1, and a forming station 5 is arranged below the sealed cabin 2. The molding cavity moving assembly 6 is arranged above the molding station 5 and the powder cleaning station 4, the molding cavity is arranged above the molding cavity moving assembly 6 and can be switched between the powder cleaning station 4 and the molding station 5, and the molding cavity can be respectively in sealing connection with the powder cleaning cabin 1 or the sealing cabin 2 above when being switched between the powder cleaning station 4 and the molding station 5. The lower parts of the powder cleaning station 4 and the forming station 5 are respectively provided with a Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8,Z, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 can drive the forming cavity 3 to move upwards or downwards.
When the molding cavity 3 moves down onto the molding cavity moving assembly 6, a positioning pin provided on the molding cavity moving assembly 6 is connected with the molding cavity 3 to fix the molding cavity 3 on the molding cavity moving assembly 6. The mould cavity moving assembly 6 comprises a transverse guide rail by means of which the mould cavity 3 can be moved transversely between the different stations, in this embodiment the transverse guide rail is driven by means of a motor and a conveyor belt, in other embodiments also by means of other components, as long as the mould cavity 3 can be driven to move transversely.
A group of independent Z-axis push rod guide assemblies 8 are arranged below the powder cleaning station and the forming station, if other stations are arranged, each station is also provided with a group of Z-axis push rod guide assemblies 8,Z respectively, each push rod guide assembly 8 comprises a Z-axis push rod 81 and a locking mechanism 82, a piston 31 is arranged in the forming cavity 3, the Z-axis push rod 81 is connected with the piston 31 and can be locked or separated by means of the locking mechanism, a butt joint switch 811 and a jacking power block 812 are arranged on the Z-axis push rod 81, the butt joint switch 811 is arranged on the jacking power block 812, and the butt joint switch 811 is used for sensing the position of the piston, so that the piston and the Z-axis push rod 81 are locked at corresponding positions. The jacking mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the forming cavity 3, and when the jacking power block is in contact with the jacking mechanism 7, the controller controls the jacking mechanism 7 to drive the forming cavity 3 to overturn and move upwards or downwards under the drive of the jacking power block 812.
The locking mechanism 82 is used for locking the Z-axis push rod 81 with the piston after the movement of the molding cavity is completed or unlocking the molding cavity when the movement of the molding cavity is required, as shown in fig. 5, the locking mechanism 82 is pneumatically controlled, and comprises a locking male head 821, a housing 822, a locking steel ball 823, a locking seat 824, a spring 825, an air port 826, a locking mechanism piston 827 and a piston seal 828. The locking seat 824 is fixedly connected with the shell 822, the locking male head 821 is arranged above the locking seat 824, the locking mechanism piston 827 is arranged inside the shell, one end of the spring 825 is connected with the locking mechanism piston, a flow passage for containing locking steel balls is formed in the locking seat 824, the locking mechanism piston 827 is provided with a notch 829, when the locking mechanism piston 827 is inflated, under the sealing effect of the sealing ring, the air pressure overcomes the elasticity of the spring 825, the locking mechanism piston 827 rises, the locking steel balls 823 flow into the notch of the locking mechanism piston, and accordingly the locking force of the locking steel balls 823 on the locking male head 821 is released, and the locking male head 821 is opened. When the air is exhausted, the locking mechanism piston 827 moves downwards under the action of the spring to push the locking steel balls 823 to flow back to the locking seat 824, and the locking steel balls 823 squeeze the locking male heads 821 to lock the locking mechanism.
In the embodiment, the locking male is mushroom head type, and the locking is a main male with steel balls which can be clamped; the locking steel ball is arranged in a runner reserved on the locking seat, and the runner is preferably a horn mouth as shown in the figure, so that the beads can leak out less than 1/2 of the diameter and can flow freely. In the embodiment, more than 3 locking steel balls are uniformly distributed in one circle, so that uniform tension can be realized. When the pulling force is needed to be large, the number of steel balls can be increased, and the number of beads can be increased, and meanwhile, a plurality of rows of mushroom heads can be matched. The locking male head is precisely matched with the locking seat, so that the piston is precisely positioned in a butt joint way.
The spring is a high-temperature spring, and the equipment can not fail after long-term heating printing; the air pressure is more than or equal to 0.6Mpa and less than 1Mpa, and the piston is easy to seal; the notch of the locking mechanism piston is chamfered at a fixed angle, so that the beads can flow conveniently.
On the other hand, the invention provides a station switching method of a station switching system of a molding cavity of additive manufacturing equipment, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the locking mechanism is unlocked through inflation of an electromagnetic valve, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 of the forming station 5 drives the piston to move downwards so that the forming cavity 3 falls onto the forming cavity moving assembly 6 and moves transversely by means of the forming cavity moving assembly 6.
S2, after the forming cavity 3 moves to a target station through the forming cavity moving assembly 6, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 of the station ascends, the jacking power block contacts with the jacking mechanism 7 and continues to run upwards, and the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism 7 to overturn upwards and ascend.
S2, the jacking mechanism 7 drives the jacking power block to continuously ascend, and after the jacking mechanism 7 is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity 3 ascends to a final butting position and is in sealing connection with the target cabin by means of the sealing strip 100. The target cabin is a powder cleaning cabin or a forming sealed cabin which needs to be in butt joint.
S3, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 continues to ascend, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 to continue to ascend for a certain distance, and the locking mechanism locks through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve to fix the piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly 8 together.
S4, forming the forming cavity 3 at a forming station 5 or cleaning powder at a powder cleaning station 4. After molding or powder cleaning is completed, the machine can continue to move to the next target station.
The structure and operation of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the overall structure schematic diagram of the station switching system of the forming cavity of the additive manufacturing equipment is shown in fig. 2, the forming cavity 3 is placed on the forming cavity moving assembly 6, and when the forming cavity 3 and the forming cavity are contacted, the position locking can be carried out through the locating pin, so that the repeated placement precision of the forming cavity is ensured. The molding cavity 3 is respectively in butt joint with the sealed cabin and the powder cleaning cabin to realize the airtight space of the integral printing cavity and the airtight space of the powder cleaning cavity of the powder cleaning station. The forming cavity 3 can realize sealing connection with different cabins by approaching to respective Z-axis power systems without additional power sources when being butted at different positions. The specific process of the butt joint of the forming cavity and the forming station or the powder cleaning station is as follows:
the process of switching the molding cavity 3 from the powder cleaning station 4 to the molding station 5 is as follows:
the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station and the piston are unlocked by the locking mechanism, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station moves downwards along with the piston, when the Z-axis push rod guide assembly falls to the lower limit, the piston is at the lowest position of the forming cavity 3, the locking mechanism is controlled to be opened by the controller, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station moves downwards along with the piston, as shown in figures 3 to 6.
When the jacking power block of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station is in contact with the jacking mechanism 7, a signal is sent to the controller, the controller controls the jacking mechanism 7 to overturn, the jacking power block of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continuously runs downwards, and the forming cavity 3 can fall downwards along with the downward overturn of the jacking mechanism 7 until the forming cavity 3 falls on the forming cavity moving assembly 6. After that, the forming cavity 3 is switched in the transverse position of the forming cavity 3 through the forming cavity moving assembly 6, the forming cavity moving assembly 6 is provided with a motor and a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is driven by the motor to enable the forming cavity 3 to generate parallel displacement, and switching between the powder cleaning station and the forming station is completed.
After the molding cavity 3 moves to the molding station 5 at the powder cleaning station through the molding cavity moving assembly 6, the Z-axis push rod guiding assembly of the molding station rises as shown in fig. 4.
After the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station rises to a certain height, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism 7, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station continues to rise, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism 7 to overturn, and at the moment, the forming cavity 3 can be jacked up by the jacking mechanism 7; when the jacking mechanism 7 is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the highest vertical limiting point, the forming cavity 3 is lifted to the final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity 3 and the sealing cabin is compressed to play a sealing role, so that a sealing structure is formed.
When the butt joint switch senses that the forming piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station to continuously ascend by 4mm (the distance is used for eliminating the sensing distance error of the butt joint switch), and the locking mechanism locks through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve to fix the forming piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station together. At the moment, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station can realize the lifting of the linkage piston; limiting the movement according to the requirement; at this time, a closed cavity printing space can be performed.
The process of switching the molding cavity 3 from the molding station 5 to the powder cleaning station 4 is as follows:
the locking mechanism is unlocked by inflating the electromagnetic valve, the forming piston is released from the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the forming station moves downwards along with the piston.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, when the Z-axis push rod guiding assembly of the forming station descends to the jacking power block and touches the jacking mechanism 7, the jacking mechanism 7 is turned by the turning seat 101, and the forming cavity 3 descends along with the turning of the jacking mechanism 7 until the forming cavity falls on the forming cavity moving assembly 6 and cooperates with the positioning pin. The molding cavity moving assembly 6 moves towards the powder cleaning station with the molding cavity 3. The turnover seat 101 is provided with four around the jacking mechanism 7. The turnover seat 101 comprises a jacking turnover connecting piece 102, a reset torsion spring 103 and a turnover shaft 104, wherein the jacking turnover connecting piece 102 is connected with the jacking mechanism 7, the turnover shaft 104 drives the jacking turnover connecting piece 102 to rotate, and the reset torsion spring 103 drives the jacking turnover connecting piece 102 to reset.
After the molding cavity 3 moves to the powder cleaning station, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station ascends, and the powder cleaning Z-axis push rod is provided with a butt joint switch and a jacking power block, as shown in the schematic diagram of fig. 4.
After the powder cleaning station rises to a certain height, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism 7, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station continues to ascend, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism 7 to overturn, and at the moment, the forming cavity 3 can be jacked up by the jacking mechanism 7; when the jacking mechanism 7 is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity 3 is lifted to the final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity 3 and the powder cleaning cabin 1 is compressed to play a sealing role.
When the butt joint switch senses that the forming piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station, software controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station to continuously ascend by 4mm (eliminating the sensing distance error of the butt joint switch), and the locking mechanism locks through the air release of the electromagnetic valve, so that the forming piston is fixed with the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station; at the moment, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station can realize the lifting of the linkage piston; limiting the movement according to the requirement; at this time, the powder can be cleaned in the closed cavity.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an material increase manufacturing equipment shaping chamber station switching system which characterized in that: the device comprises a controller, a powder cleaning cabin, a sealing cabin, a forming cavity, a powder cleaning station, a forming cavity moving assembly, a jacking mechanism and a Z-axis push rod guide assembly;
a powder cleaning station is arranged below the powder cleaning cabin, and a forming station is arranged below the sealing cabin; the molding cavity moving assembly is arranged above the molding station and the powder cleaning station, the molding cavity is arranged above the molding cavity moving assembly and can be switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station, and the molding cavity can be respectively connected with the powder cleaning cabin or the sealing cabin above when being switched between the powder cleaning station and the molding station;
a Z-axis push rod guide assembly is respectively arranged below the powder cleaning station and the forming station;
the molding cavity moving assembly comprises a transverse guide rail, the molding cavity can move by means of the transverse guide rail, the transverse guide rail is provided with a servo motor and a synchronous belt, and the servo motor drives the transverse guide rail to move by means of the synchronous belt;
the powder cleaning station and the forming station are both provided with a group of Z-axis push rod guide assemblies, each Z-axis push rod guide assembly comprises a Z-axis push rod and a locking mechanism, a piston is arranged in the forming cavity, the Z-axis push rod is connected with the piston and can be locked or separated by the aid of the locking mechanism, and a butt joint switch and a jacking power block are arranged on the Z-axis push rod; the jacking mechanism is fixedly connected with the forming cavity, and when the jacking power block is in contact with the jacking mechanism, the controller controls the jacking mechanism to overturn and enables the forming cavity to move upwards or downwards under the driving of the jacking power block;
when the molding cavity is positioned at the powder cleaning station and needs to be switched to the molding station, the Z-axis push rod of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly below the powder cleaning station drives the piston and the molding cylinder to move downwards, and when the molding cavity is lowered to a lower limit position, the controller opens the locking mechanism, and the Z-axis push rod and the piston continue to move downwards;
the jacking power block of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station is contacted with the jacking mechanism and continuously runs downwards, the forming cavity is turned over downwards along with the jacking mechanism and falls down onto the forming cavity moving assembly, and the transverse position of the forming cavity is switched through the forming cavity moving assembly, so that the switching from the powder cleaning station to the forming station is completed;
when the molding cavity moves from the powder cleaning station to the molding station, the molding cavity ascends after the powder cleaning station moves to the molding station through the molding cavity moving assembly, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly ascends, the jacking power block contacts with the jacking mechanism and continues to run upwards, and the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn upwards and ascend; when the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity is lifted to a final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity and the sealing cabin is tightly pressed and sealed;
then, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continues to ascend, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continue to ascend for a certain distance, the locking mechanism is used for locking through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve, and the piston is fixed with the Z-axis push rod guide assembly;
when the molding cavity is positioned at the molding station and needs to be moved to the powder cleaning station, the locking mechanism is inflated through the electromagnetic valve to unlock, and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the molding station drives the piston to move downwards;
when the jacking power block is touched with the jacking mechanism, the jacking mechanism is turned over, the forming cavity continuously descends after being turned over along with the jacking mechanism until the forming cavity falls onto the forming cavity moving assembly, and the transverse position of the forming cavity is switched through the forming cavity moving assembly, so that the switching from the forming station to the powder cleaning station is completed;
after the molding cavity moves to the powder cleaning station, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the powder cleaning station continuously rises, after the Z-axis push rod guide assembly rises to a certain height, the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continuously rises, and the molding cavity is jacked up by the jacking mechanism; when the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity is lifted to a final butting position, and the butting sealing ring between the forming cavity and the powder cleaning cabin is compressed to play a sealing role;
and then, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly continuously ascends, when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continuously ascend for a certain distance, and the locking mechanism is used for locking through the deflation of the electromagnetic valve to fix the piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly.
2. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 1, wherein: the lower limit is the lowest position of the piston in the forming cavity.
3. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 1, wherein: the controller controls the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continuously ascend for a distance of 3-4mm.
4. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 1, wherein: the locking mechanism is pneumatically controlled and comprises a locking male head, a shell, a locking steel ball, a locking seat, a spring, an air port, a locking mechanism piston and a piston sealing ring; the locking seat is fixedly connected with the shell, the locking male head is arranged above the locking seat, the locking mechanism piston is arranged in the shell, one end of the spring is connected with the locking mechanism piston, a flow passage for accommodating locking steel balls is formed in the locking seat, the locking mechanism piston is provided with a notch, when the locking mechanism piston is inflated, under the sealing effect of the sealing ring, the air pressure overcomes the elasticity of the spring, the locking mechanism piston rises, the locking steel balls flow into the notch of the locking mechanism piston, and the locking male head is opened; when the exhaust is carried out, the piston of the locking mechanism moves downwards under the action of the spring to push the locking steel balls to flow back to the locking seat, and the locking steel balls squeeze the locking male head to lock the locking mechanism.
5. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 1, wherein: 4 sets of jacking mechanism, powder cleaning station and forming station are respectively arranged.
6. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 4, wherein: the locking male head is of a mushroom head structure, and the internal flow passage of the locking seat is of a bell mouth structure.
7. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 4, wherein: more than 3 locking steel balls are uniformly arranged in each circle.
8. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 4, wherein: the locking male is provided with a plurality of.
9. The additive manufacturing apparatus forming chamber station switching system of claim 1, wherein: the forming cavity moving assembly is provided with a locating pin, and when the forming cavity falls to the forming cavity moving assembly, the forming cavity is fixedly connected with the forming cavity moving assembly by means of the locating pin.
10. The station switching method based on the station switching system of the forming cavity of the additive manufacturing equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, a locking mechanism is unlocked through inflation of an electromagnetic valve, a Z-axis push rod guide assembly of a forming station drives a piston to move downwards, so that a forming cavity falls onto a forming cavity moving assembly and moves transversely by means of the forming cavity moving assembly;
s2, after the forming cavity moves to a target station through the forming cavity moving assembly, the Z-axis push rod guide assembly of the station ascends, the jacking power block contacts with the jacking mechanism and continues to operate upwards, and the jacking power block touches the jacking mechanism to overturn upwards and ascend;
s2, the jacking mechanism drives the jacking power block to continuously ascend, and after the jacking mechanism is jacked by the jacking power block to pass through the vertical limiting point, the forming cavity ascends to a final butting position and is in sealing connection with the target cabin;
s3, continuously lifting the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, and when the butt joint switch senses that the piston is close to the top panel of the Z-axis push rod guide assembly, controlling the Z-axis push rod guide assembly to continuously lift for a certain distance by the controller, and locking the locking mechanism by deflating the electromagnetic valve to fix the piston and the Z-axis push rod guide assembly together;
s4, forming the forming cavity at a forming station or cleaning powder at a powder cleaning station.
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| CN114192803A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-18 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Metal 3D printing apparatus |
| CN217823678U (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-15 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Powder cylinder circuit butt joint device of large metal 3D printing equipment |
| CN116277940A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | 3D printing device and method for preparing protective clothing through multi-material laser sintering |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019225857A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | Noh Seung Mo | Molding chamber replacement structure of sls type 3d printer |
| CN110434339A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2019-11-12 | 苏州中瑞智创三维科技股份有限公司 | Metal 3D printer with exchange moulding cylinder |
| CN215879898U (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-02-22 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Powder cylinder jacking mechanism of large metal 3D printing equipment |
| CN114192803A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-18 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Metal 3D printing apparatus |
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| CN116277940A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | 3D printing device and method for preparing protective clothing through multi-material laser sintering |
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