CN116485165A - Forest fire control strategy formulation method, system and storage medium based on fusion factors - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forest fire control strategy formulation method, a system and a storage medium based on fusion factors, which relate to the technical field of forest intelligent fire control and comprise the following steps: acquiring tree density distribution data of a forest area; determining the spreading base numbers of fire in all parts of a forest; acquiring distribution point location data of a fireproof fire station; determining the fire extinguishing capacity of each fire prevention fire station; judging whether a forest has a fire condition or not; establishing a fire spreading prediction model with respect to time; determining rescue time for each fire prevention fire station to reach a fire place; comprehensively calculating a fire prevention fire station which needs to participate in rescue; a fire rescue location for each fire station is determined. The invention has the advantages that: through comprehensive analysis of forest environment and fire, an effective comprehensive fire control strategy can be determined at the early stage of forest fire discovery, and the utilization of fire control resources is maximized under the condition that forest fire is effectively rescued.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest intelligent fire control, in particular to a forest fire control strategy formulation method, a forest fire control strategy formulation system and a storage medium based on fusion factors.
Background
Because the unique natural environment of the forest is often the place where the fire occurs, the huge destructive power of the forest fire brings about irrecoverable great economic loss, disastrous casualties and serious damage to the ecological environment to human beings.
In order to reduce the loss caused by forest fires, rapid response needs to be made as much as possible in the primary stage of fire occurrence, and fire is extinguished, so that rapid response needs to be carried out in the early stage of fire discovery, a set of effective technical means is lacking in the prior art, comprehensive and intelligent fire control strategy formulation can be carried out on the forest fires, accurate judgment on the forest fires is difficult to realize, accurate allocation of fire control resources is difficult to realize when forest fires are extinguished, and forest fires are easily expanded or fire control resource waste is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the method, the system and the storage medium for formulating the forest fire control strategy based on the fusion factors are provided, and the technical scheme solves the problems that the forest fire can be comprehensively and intelligently formulated by lacking a set of effective technical means in the prior art, the accurate judgment on the forest fire is difficult to realize, the accurate allocation of fire resources is difficult to realize when the forest fire is extinguished, and the forest fire is easily expanded or the fire resources are wasted.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a forest fire control strategy formulation method based on fusion factors comprises the following steps:
acquiring overlooking image data of a forest area through a high-altitude image acquisition device;
analyzing and calculating tree density distribution data of the forest area based on overlook image data of the forest area;
determining a fire spreading base number of each part of a forest based on tree density distribution data of the forest area;
acquiring distribution point position data of the fireproof and firefighting stations based on the positions of the fireproof and firefighting stations in the forest;
determining a fire suppression capacity of each fire protection and firefighting station based on a scale of each fire protection and firefighting station;
monitoring forest states in real time based on a forest fire early warning system, judging whether a fire appears in the forest, if so, determining a place and a fire range where the fire appears, and if not, not responding;
establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on environmental factors of forest areas at fire places;
determining rescue time of each fire prevention and fire control station reaching a fire place based on the distribution point position data and forest topography data of the fire prevention and fire control station;
based on a fire spread prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fireproof fire station reaching a fire place and the fire extinguishing capability of each fireproof fire station, comprehensively calculating the fireproof fire stations needing to participate in rescue;
determining fire suppression priority in each direction based on environmental conditions in each direction of the fire position, and acquiring fire suppression priority data;
fire rescue locations for each fire station are determined based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spread prediction model with respect to time.
Preferably, the determining the fire spreading cardinality of the forest based on the tree density distribution data of the forest area specifically includes:
determining the types of the trees in the forest zone, and determining the inflammable standard value of the forest based on the types of the trees, wherein the inflammable standard value is determined by the types of the trees in the forest zone, the more inflammable the types of the trees in the forest zone, the larger the inflammable standard value of the forest, the less inflammable the types of the trees in the forest zone, and the smaller the inflammable standard value of the forest;
determining fire spreading correction values of all parts of a forest based on the tree density of the forest area, wherein the fire spreading correction values are in positive correlation with the tree density of the forest area, and the greater the tree density of the forest area is, the greater the fire spreading correction values are, the smaller the tree density of the forest area is, and the smaller the fire spreading correction values are;
based on the fire spreading correction value and the inflammable reference value of the forest, calculating the fire spreading base numbers of all the places of the forest through a fire spreading base number calculation formula;
wherein, the fire spreading base number calculation formula is:in (1) the->For the base of the spread of the fire,for fire spread correction value, < >>Is a flammable reference value of the forest.
Preferably, the building the fire spread prediction model based on the fire spread base and the environmental factors at the fire place specifically includes:
determining wind direction and wind speed at the fire location, and determining fire spread wind speed correction values in various directions based on the wind direction and wind speed at the fire location;
determining gradient data of the fire scene in all directions, and determining a fire spread gradient correction value in all directions based on the gradient data;
comprehensively calculating the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions based on the fire spreading wind speed correction value, the fire spreading gradient correction value and the fire spreading base number;
predicting the spreading state of the fire based on the spreading speed of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the formula for determining the fire spreading wind speed correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,wind speed correction value for fire spread>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the wind direction, < >>For the wind speed empirical coefficients, the wind speed empirical coefficients are obtained by historical empirical analysis and/or experiments, ++>Is the wind speed;
the determination formula of the fire spreading gradient correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the correction value of the gradient of fire spread, +.>Is the gradient value in the direction of fire spreading +.>、/>The gradient empirical coefficients are obtained through historical empirical analysis and/or experiments;
the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed is as follows:in (1) the->Is the fire spreading speed.
Preferably, the predicting the spreading state of the fire based on the fire spreading speed in each direction specifically includes:
taking any point inside a fire as an origin, and establishing a polar coordinate system;
based on the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions, establishing a prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
establishing a prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire based on the prediction models of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the expression of the prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in each direction is as follows:in (1) the->For the distance between the edge point of the fire in the direction of propagation and the origin at time t, +.>The distance between the edge point of the fire in the spreading direction and the origin point at the moment 0;
the prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the perimeter of the fire at time t, +.>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the polar coordinate system.
Preferably, the fire prevention fire station for performing comprehensive calculation and participating in rescue specifically comprises:
the rescue time of a plurality of fire-proof fire stations reaching the fire place is recorded as from small to large in sequenceThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Separately calculate->The comprehensive spreading nominal speed of the fire at the moment;
judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station after reaching the fire place is greater than the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station in sequence from small to largeAnd if so, judging that i is the number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue, and if not, continuously judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the (i+1) th fire-proof and fire-fighting station reaches the fire place is greater than the fire spreading nominal speed.
Preferably, the separate calculationThe calculation method of the spreading nominal speed of the fire at the moment comprises the following steps:
respectively determining fire rescue directions of the first i fire-proof fire-fighting stations reaching a fire place, correcting and calculating fire spreading speeds in the corresponding fire spreading directions based on fire extinguishing capability of the fire-proof fire-fighting stations, and obtaining fire spreading speed correction values in all time periods;
calculating by a fire spread prediction model with respect to time based on the fire spread speed correction value in each time periodThe perimeter of the fire at the moment;
calculating the comprehensive spreading nominal speed of the fire based on a nominal speed formula;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed correction value is as follows:in (1) the->Is in the fire spreading direction->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is at->To->Number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations for suppressing the direction of fire spread in a time period, < >>Fire suppression efficiency in the fire spreading direction of the fire prevention and fire control station for suppressing the mth fire spreading direction; />The calculation formula of the fire perimeter at the moment is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Distance between the edge point of the fire at the moment in the direction of propagation and the origin, +.>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->The perimeter of the fire at the moment;
the nominal speed formula is: />is->The nominal rate of integrated spread of the fire at moment, < >>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->Line integration of the fire edge line.
Preferably, the determining the fire rescue position of each fire-proof fire station based on the fire suppression priority data and the fire spread prediction model with respect to time specifically includes:
calculating fire priority suppression indexes in all directions based on the fire suppression priorities in all directions and the fire spreading speed correction values in all directions;
screening out a direction area with the maximum fire priority suppression index, namely a priority rescue direction area;
taking the area in the direction of the preferential rescue as the fire rescue position of the fire prevention and fire control station which arrives next;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire priority suppression index is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,fire priority suppression index in fire spreading direction, < ->Fire suppression priority in the direction of fire spread, +.>Is in the fire spreading direction->To->A correction value of the fire propagation speed in the time period.
Furthermore, a forest fire control strategy formulation system based on the fusion factor is provided, which is used for implementing the forest fire control strategy formulation method based on the fusion factor, and comprises the following steps:
the forest fire early warning system is used for monitoring forest states in real time;
the fire prediction module is in communication connection with the forest fire early warning system in a wired or wireless mode, and is used for determining the location and the range of the fire according to the monitoring data of the forest fire early warning system, and simultaneously establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on the fire spreading base number and the environmental factors at the fire location;
the fire control planning module is electrically connected with the fire behavior prediction module and is used for comprehensively calculating fire prevention and fire control stations needing to participate in rescue and determining the fire prevention and fire control rescue position of each fire prevention and fire control station.
Optionally, the fire protection planning module includes:
the fire-fighting quantity calculation unit is used for comprehensively calculating the fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue based on a fire spreading prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fire-fighting station reaching a fire place and the fire-fighting capacity of each fire-fighting station;
the fire control position planning unit is used for determining fire suppression priority in all directions based on environmental states in all directions of the fire position, acquiring fire suppression priority data and determining the fire rescue position of each fire prevention fire station based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spreading prediction model relative to time.
Still further, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer readable program is stored, which when invoked performs the above-described forest fire control policy formulation method based on fusion factors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the forest fire strategy formulation scheme based on the fusion factors, when forest fires appear, a forest fire spreading prediction model is built through comprehensive analysis of forest environments and fires, the development condition of the fires is predicted through the model, the fire spreading prediction model of the fires is updated in real time based on the extinguishing capability of each fire prevention and fire station and the arrival time of the fire station, and further fire resources required by the fire are determined.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a forest fire control strategy formulation method based on fusion factors;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of determining the cardinality of fire spread throughout a forest in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of building a model of fire propagation prediction with respect to time in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for predicting the spread of fire in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for comprehensively calculating fire-fighting stations needed to participate in rescue in the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of calculating nominal rates of fire propagation when different fire stations arrive at a fire, respectively, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of determining the fire rescue location of each fire protection and protection station according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a forest fire control strategy formulation system based on fusion factors.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a forest fire control strategy formulation method based on fusion factors includes:
acquiring overlooking image data of a forest area through a high-altitude image acquisition device;
analyzing and calculating tree density distribution data of the forest area based on overlook image data of the forest area;
determining a fire spreading base number of each part of a forest based on tree density distribution data of the forest area;
acquiring distribution point position data of the fireproof and firefighting stations based on the positions of the fireproof and firefighting stations in the forest;
determining a fire suppression capacity of each fire protection and firefighting station based on a scale of each fire protection and firefighting station;
monitoring forest states in real time based on a forest fire early warning system, judging whether a fire appears in the forest, if so, determining a place and a fire range where the fire appears, and if not, not responding;
establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on environmental factors of forest areas at fire places;
determining rescue time of each fire prevention and fire control station reaching a fire place based on the distribution point position data and forest topography data of the fire prevention and fire control station;
based on a fire spread prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fireproof fire station reaching a fire place and the fire extinguishing capability of each fireproof fire station, comprehensively calculating the fireproof fire stations needing to participate in rescue;
determining fire suppression priority in each direction based on environmental conditions in each direction of the fire position, and acquiring fire suppression priority data;
fire rescue locations for each fire station are determined based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spread prediction model with respect to time.
In the invention conception of the scheme, when forest fire appears, a forest environment and comprehensive analysis of the fire are performed to establish a forest fire spreading prediction model, the development condition of the fire is predicted through the model, the fire spreading prediction model is updated in real time based on the fire extinguishing capability of each fireproof fire station and the arrival time of each fireproof fire station, and further fire resources required by the fire are determined.
Referring to fig. 2, determining a fire spread base number around a forest based on tree density distribution data of a forest area of the forest specifically includes:
determining the types of the trees in the forest zone, determining the inflammable standard value of the forest based on the types of the trees, wherein the inflammable standard value is determined by the types of the trees in the forest zone, and the more inflammable standard value of the forest is, the less inflammable the types of the trees in the forest zone are, and the less inflammable standard value of the forest is;
determining fire spreading correction values of all parts of a forest based on the tree density of the forest area, wherein the fire spreading correction values are in positive correlation with the tree density of the forest area, and the greater the tree density of the forest area is, the greater the fire spreading correction values are, the smaller the tree density of the forest area is, and the smaller the fire spreading correction values are;
based on the fire spreading correction value and the inflammable reference value of the forest, calculating the fire spreading base numbers of all the places of the forest through a fire spreading base number calculation formula;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire spreading base number is:in (1) the->For the base of fire spread->For fire spread correction value, < >>Is a flammable reference value of the forest.
It can be understood that for different tree types, the inflammability degree is different, specifically, according to the historical fireproof experience, the inflammability degree of conifer trees is higher than that of broadleaf trees, the inflammability reference value is determined based on the tree type proportion growing in a forest zone of the forest, the larger the ratio of the conifer trees in the forest is, the higher the inflammability reference value is, the larger the ratio of the broadleaf trees in the forest is, the lower the inflammability reference value is, meanwhile, the fire spreading base numbers of the various areas of the forest are comprehensively analyzed based on the density of the trees in the forest, and the fire spreading base numbers are used for measuring the inflammability degree of the fire spreading of the various areas of the forest to provide basic data for the follow-up establishment of a spreading prediction model.
Referring to fig. 3, the building of a fire spread prediction model with respect to time based on a fire spread base at a fire location and environmental factors specifically includes:
determining wind direction and wind speed at the fire location, and determining fire spread wind speed correction values in various directions based on the wind direction and wind speed at the fire location;
determining gradient data of the fire scene in all directions, and determining a fire spread gradient correction value in all directions based on the gradient data;
comprehensively calculating the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions based on the fire spreading wind speed correction value, the fire spreading gradient correction value and the fire spreading base number;
predicting the spreading state of the fire based on the spreading speed of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the formula for determining the fire spreading wind speed correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,wind speed correction value for fire spread>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the wind direction, < >>For the wind speed empirical coefficients, the wind speed empirical coefficients are obtained by historical empirical analysis and/or experiments, ++>Is the wind speed;
the determination formula of the fire spreading gradient correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the correction value of the gradient of fire spread, +.>Is the gradient value in the direction of fire spreading +.>、/>The gradient empirical coefficients are obtained through historical empirical analysis and/or experiments;
the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed is as follows:in (1) the->Is the fire spreading speed.
During the spreading of fire, wind and terrain gradient are important factors influencing the spreading speed, so when a spreading prediction model is established, the fire spreading wind speed correction value and the fire spreading gradient correction value need to be determined first, and through analysis of historical experience,usually takes a value of 0.15-0.2 #>Usually takes on a value of 3.2-3.6,/i>Usually takes a value of 1.0-1.2;
the spreading speed of the fire in all directions can be comprehensively calculated based on the fire spreading wind speed correction value and the fire spreading gradient correction value of the forest and the fire spreading base number of the forest, and the spreading speed shows the forest fire spreading state in the initial five intervention states.
Referring to fig. 4, predicting the fire propagation state based on the fire propagation speed in each direction is specifically:
taking any point inside a fire as an origin, and establishing a polar coordinate system;
based on the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions, establishing a prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
establishing a prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire based on the prediction models of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the expression of the prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in each direction is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the distance between the edge point of the fire in the direction of propagation and the origin at time t, +.>The distance between the edge point of the fire in the spreading direction and the origin point at the moment 0;
the prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire is as follows:in (1) the->For the perimeter of the fire at time t, +.>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the polar coordinate system.
In a normal state, the determining factor influencing the fire difficulty is the edge perimeter of a fire scene, and the longer the edge perimeter of the fire scene is, the larger fire resources are needed to be input, so when a fire strategy is designated, the edge perimeter of the fire scene is needed to be determined first;
for facilitating the processIn particular embodiments, the polar axis direction of the polar coordinate system is usually set to be the same as the wind direction, in which case +.>And->Functional relation betweenNamely +.>And->A functional relationship between them.
Referring to fig. 5, the fire-proof fire-fighting station for comprehensive calculation to participate in rescue specifically includes:
the rescue time of a plurality of fire-proof fire stations reaching the fire place is recorded as from small to large in sequenceThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Separately calculate->The comprehensive spreading nominal speed of the fire at the moment;
judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station after reaching the fire place is greater than the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station in sequence from small to largeAnd if so, judging that i is the number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue, and if not, continuously judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the (i+1) th fire-proof and fire-fighting station reaches the fire place is greater than the fire spreading nominal speed.
It can be understood that based on the position of each station, the time for each fire station to reach the fire condition is different, and meanwhile, based on the fire-fighting capability of the fire station, the fire-fighting effect achieved by the fire station is different, based on the fact that a plurality of time periods are generated according to the time point of each fire station reaching the fire scene in the scheme, and the time periods are used as time analysis units to comprehensively analyze and predict the spreading condition of the forest fire scene, so that the accurate analysis of the fire condition is realized.
Referring to FIG. 6, the calculation is performed separatelyThe calculation method of the spreading nominal speed of the fire at the moment comprises the following steps:
respectively determining fire rescue directions of the first i fire-proof fire-fighting stations reaching a fire place, correcting and calculating fire spreading speeds in the corresponding fire spreading directions based on fire extinguishing capability of the fire-proof fire-fighting stations, and obtaining fire spreading speed correction values in all time periods;
calculating by a fire spread prediction model with respect to time based on the fire spread speed correction value in each time periodThe perimeter of the fire at the moment;
calculating the comprehensive spreading nominal speed of the fire based on a nominal speed formula;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed correction value is:in (1) the->Is in the fire spreading direction->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is at->To->Number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations for suppressing the direction of fire spread in a time period, < >>Fire suppression efficiency in the fire spreading direction of the fire prevention and fire control station for suppressing the mth fire spreading direction; />The calculation formula of the fire perimeter at the moment is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->Distance between the edge point of the fire at the moment in the direction of propagation and the origin, +.>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->The perimeter of the fire at the moment; the nominal speed formula is:
/>is->The nominal rate of integrated spread of the fire at moment, < >>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->Line integration of the fire edge line.
It can be understood that when each fire station arrives at a fire place, the fire spreading can be inhibited, so that in the fire spreading calculation process of the scheme, when each fire station arrives at the fire place for fire rescue, the fire spreading speed in each direction is corrected based on the fire rescue efficiency and the fire rescue direction of the fire station, the actual spreading distance of each method after the fire station is referred to for fire rescue is comprehensively calculated based on the corrected fire spreading speed, the edge perimeter of the fire station is further predicted, the number of fire stations needing to participate is comprehensively calculated in combination with the fire efficiency of the fire station, the required fire stations can be comprehensively calculated at the initial stage of the occurrence of the fire, the allocation instruction is sent to each fire station, the high-efficiency quick allocation of the fire station is realized, and the quick extinguishing of the fire can be realized.
Referring to fig. 7, determining a fire rescue location of each fire station based on fire suppression priority data and a model of fire spread prediction with respect to time specifically includes:
calculating fire priority suppression indexes in all directions based on the fire suppression priorities in all directions and the fire spreading speed correction values in all directions;
screening out a direction area with the maximum fire priority suppression index, namely a priority rescue direction area;
taking the area in the direction of the preferential rescue as the fire rescue position of the fire prevention and fire control station which arrives next;
wherein, the calculation formula of fire priority suppression index is:in (1) the->Fire priority suppression index in fire spreading direction, < ->Fire suppression priority in the direction of fire spread, +.>Is in the fire spreading direction->To->A correction value of the fire propagation speed in the time period.
Because the environments of forests in all directions are different, the loss of property resources caused by fire spreading in all directions is different, and particularly, for areas with high tree density, the loss caused by fire spreading to the areas is large, and the fire suppression priority of the areas in the directions is higher, in the scheme formulation of the fire rescue areas of all fire stations, the fire suppression indexes are comprehensively calculated by combining the fire spreading speed and the rescue priority, and the fire scene direction areas needing to be subjected to the priority rescue are determined based on the fire suppression indexes.
Further, referring to fig. 8, the present solution provides a forest fire control strategy formulation system based on the same inventive concept as the forest fire control strategy formulation method based on the fusion factor, which includes:
the forest fire early warning system is used for monitoring the forest state in real time;
the fire prediction module is in communication connection with the forest fire early warning system in a wired or wireless mode, and is used for determining the location and the range of the fire according to the monitoring data of the forest fire early warning system, and simultaneously establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on the fire spreading base number and the environmental factors at the fire location;
the fire control planning module is electrically connected with the fire behavior prediction module and is used for comprehensively calculating fire prevention and fire control stations which need to participate in rescue and determining the fire prevention and fire control rescue position of each fire prevention and fire control station.
Wherein, the fire control planning module includes:
the fire-fighting quantity calculation unit is used for comprehensively calculating the fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue based on a fire spreading prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fire-fighting station reaching a fire place and the fire-fighting capacity of each fire-fighting station;
the fire control position planning unit is used for determining fire suppression priority in all directions based on environmental states of the fire position in all directions, acquiring fire suppression priority data and determining the fire rescue position of each fire prevention and fire station based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spreading prediction model relative to time.
The working process of the forest fire control strategy making system integrating the factors is as follows:
step one: the forest fire early warning system monitors the forest state in real time, comprehensively judges whether fire occurs or not based on the forest state by a plurality of infrared image real-time monitoring devices, and if the fire occurs, transmits the acquired fire information to the fire prediction module;
step two: after the fire prediction model receives fire information sent by a forest fire early warning system, firstly determining a fire spreading base number at a fire, then calculating a fire spreading wind speed correction value at the fire through meteorological environment data and a fire spreading gradient correction value at the fire according to the topography at the fire, comprehensively calculating fire spreading speeds of the fire in all directions by combining the fire spreading wind speed correction value, the fire spreading gradient correction value and the fire spreading base number, and predicting the edge spreading state of the fire according to the calculated fire spreading speeds of the fire in all directions so as to further determine a fire spreading prediction model in a free state about time;
step three: the fire quantity calculation unit firstly calculates the time required by each fire station to reach the fire place, corrects and calculates the fire spreading speed in the corresponding fire spreading direction based on the fire extinguishing capability of the fire-proof fire station, acquires the fire spreading speed correction value in each time period, feeds back the fire spreading speed correction value in each time period to the fire prediction model, predicts the fire spreading prediction model about time under the intervention of fire rescue of each fire station through the fire prediction model, calculates and judges the quantity of fire stations required to be put into based on the comprehensive fire extinguishing capability of the fire station and the fire spreading prediction model, and sends out an dynamic allocation signal to the fire stations required to be moved;
step four: the fire position planning unit determines fire suppression priorities in all directions based on environmental states in all directions of the fire position, and calculates fire priority suppression indexes in all directions based on the fire suppression priorities in all directions and fire spreading speed correction values in all directions; and screening out a direction area with the maximum fire priority inhibition index, namely a priority rescue direction area, and taking the priority rescue direction area as a fire rescue position of a fire prevention fire station which arrives next.
Still further, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer readable program is stored, which executes the above-mentioned forest fire control policy formulation method based on fusion factors when called;
it is understood that the computer readable storage medium may be a magnetic medium, e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, tape; optical media such as DVD; or a semiconductor medium such as a solid state disk SolidStateDisk, SSD, etc.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that: through comprehensive analysis of forest environment and fire, an effective comprehensive fire control strategy can be determined at the early stage of forest fire discovery, and the utilization of fire control resources is maximized under the condition that forest fire is effectively rescued.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A forest fire control strategy formulation method based on fusion factors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring overlooking image data of a forest area through a high-altitude image acquisition device;
analyzing and calculating tree density distribution data of the forest area based on overlook image data of the forest area;
determining a fire spreading base number of each part of a forest based on tree density distribution data of the forest area;
acquiring distribution point position data of the fireproof and firefighting stations based on the positions of the fireproof and firefighting stations in the forest;
determining a fire suppression capacity of each fire protection and firefighting station based on a scale of each fire protection and firefighting station;
monitoring forest states in real time based on a forest fire early warning system, judging whether a fire appears in the forest, if so, determining a place and a fire range where the fire appears, and if not, not responding;
establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on environmental factors of forest areas at fire places;
determining rescue time of each fire prevention and fire control station reaching a fire place based on the distribution point position data and forest topography data of the fire prevention and fire control station;
based on a fire spread prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fireproof fire station reaching a fire place and the fire extinguishing capability of each fireproof fire station, comprehensively calculating the fireproof fire stations needing to participate in rescue;
determining fire suppression priority in each direction based on environmental conditions in each direction of the fire position, and acquiring fire suppression priority data;
fire rescue locations for each fire station are determined based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spread prediction model with respect to time.
2. The forest fire control strategy formulation method based on the fusion factor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determining the fire spreading cardinality of each forest based on the tree density distribution data of the forest area comprises the following steps:
determining the types of the trees in the forest zone, and determining the inflammable standard value of the forest based on the types of the trees, wherein the inflammable standard value is determined by the types of the trees in the forest zone, the more inflammable the types of the trees in the forest zone, the larger the inflammable standard value of the forest, the less inflammable the types of the trees in the forest zone, and the smaller the inflammable standard value of the forest;
determining fire spreading correction values of all parts of a forest based on the tree density of the forest area, wherein the fire spreading correction values are in positive correlation with the tree density of the forest area, and the greater the tree density of the forest area is, the greater the fire spreading correction values are, the smaller the tree density of the forest area is, and the smaller the fire spreading correction values are;
based on the fire spreading correction value and the inflammable reference value of the forest, calculating the fire spreading base numbers of all the places of the forest through a fire spreading base number calculation formula;
wherein, the fire spreading base number calculation formula is:in (1) the->For the base of fire spread->For fire spread correction value, < >>Is a flammable reference value of the forest.
3. The forest fire control strategy formulation method based on the fusion factors as claimed in claim 2, wherein the building of the fire spread prediction model with respect to time based on the fire spread base and the environmental factors at the fire place specifically comprises:
determining wind direction and wind speed at the fire location, and determining fire spread wind speed correction values in various directions based on the wind direction and wind speed at the fire location;
determining gradient data of the fire scene in all directions, and determining a fire spread gradient correction value in all directions based on the gradient data;
comprehensively calculating the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions based on the fire spreading wind speed correction value, the fire spreading gradient correction value and the fire spreading base number;
predicting the spreading state of the fire based on the spreading speed of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the formula for determining the fire spreading wind speed correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,wind speed correction value for fire spread>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the wind direction, < >>For the wind speed empirical coefficients, the wind speed empirical coefficients are obtained by historical empirical analysis and/or experiments, ++>Is the wind speed;
the fire isThe determination formula of the potential spread gradient correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the correction value of the gradient of fire spread, +.>Is the gradient value in the direction of fire spreading +.>、/>The gradient empirical coefficients are obtained through historical empirical analysis and/or experiments;
the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed is as follows:in (1) the->Is the fire spreading speed.
4. A forest fire control strategy formulation method based on a fusion factor according to claim 3, wherein the predicting the fire spreading state based on the fire spreading speed in each direction specifically comprises:
taking any point inside a fire as an origin, and establishing a polar coordinate system;
based on the fire spreading speed of the fire in all directions, establishing a prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
establishing a prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire based on the prediction models of the spreading distance and time of the fire in all directions;
wherein, the expression of the prediction model of the spreading distance and time of the fire in each direction is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the distance between the edge point of the fire in the direction of propagation and the origin at time t, +.>The distance between the edge point of the fire in the spreading direction and the origin point at the moment 0;
the prediction model of the perimeter and time of the fire is as follows:in (1) the->For the perimeter of the fire at time t, +.>Is the included angle between the direction of fire spreading and the polar coordinate system.
5. The forest fire control strategy formulation method based on the fusion factor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fire prevention and fire control station for participating in rescue for comprehensive calculation specifically comprises:
the rescue time of a plurality of fire-proof fire stations reaching the fire place is recorded as from small to large in sequence；
Separately calculateComprehensive spreading nominal speed of fire at momentA degree;
judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station after reaching the fire place is greater than the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the ith fireproof fire station in sequence from small to largeAnd if so, judging that i is the number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue, and if not, continuously judging whether the comprehensive fire suppression speed of the (i+1) th fire-proof and fire-fighting station reaches the fire place is greater than the fire spreading nominal speed.
6. A method for establishing a forest fire control strategy based on a fusion factor as defined in claim 5, wherein the calculation is performed separatelyThe calculation method of the spreading nominal speed of the fire at the moment comprises the following steps:
respectively determining fire rescue directions of the first i fire-proof fire-fighting stations reaching a fire place, correcting and calculating fire spreading speeds in the corresponding fire spreading directions based on fire extinguishing capability of the fire-proof fire-fighting stations, and obtaining fire spreading speed correction values in all time periods;
calculating by a fire spread prediction model with respect to time based on the fire spread speed correction value in each time periodThe perimeter of the fire at the moment;
calculating the comprehensive spreading nominal speed of the fire based on a nominal speed formula;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire spreading speed correction value is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is in the fire spreading direction->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is at->To->Number of fire-proof and fire-fighting stations for suppressing the direction of fire spread in a time period, < >>Fire suppression efficiency in the fire spreading direction of the fire prevention and fire control station for suppressing the mth fire spreading direction;
the calculation formula of the fire perimeter at the moment is as follows: />
In the method, in the process of the invention,is->Distance between the edge point of the fire at the moment in the direction of propagation and the origin, +.>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->The perimeter of the fire at the moment;
the nominal speed formula is: is->The nominal rate of integrated spread of the fire at moment, < >>Is->To->Correction value of the fire spreading speed in the time period, < >>Is->Line integration of the fire edge line.
7. The method for formulating a forest fire control strategy based on a fusion factor according to claim 6, wherein the determining the fire rescue position of each fire station based on the fire suppression priority data and the fire spread prediction model with respect to time specifically comprises:
calculating fire priority suppression indexes in all directions based on the fire suppression priorities in all directions and the fire spreading speed correction values in all directions;
screening out a direction area with the maximum fire priority suppression index, namely a priority rescue direction area;
taking the area in the direction of the preferential rescue as the fire rescue position of the fire prevention and fire control station which arrives next;
wherein, the calculation formula of the fire priority suppression index is as follows:in (1) the->Fire priority suppression index in fire spreading direction, < ->Fire suppression priority in the direction of fire spread, +.>Is in the fire spreading direction->To->A correction value of the fire propagation speed in the time period.
8. A forest fire control policy making system based on a fusion factor for implementing the forest fire control policy making method based on a fusion factor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
the forest fire early warning system is used for monitoring forest states in real time;
the fire prediction module is in communication connection with the forest fire early warning system in a wired or wireless mode, and is used for determining the location and the range of the fire according to the monitoring data of the forest fire early warning system, and simultaneously establishing a fire spreading prediction model about time based on the fire spreading base number and the environmental factors at the fire location;
the fire control planning module is electrically connected with the fire behavior prediction module and is used for comprehensively calculating fire prevention and fire control stations needing to participate in rescue and determining the fire prevention and fire control rescue position of each fire prevention and fire control station.
9. The system for formulating a forest fire control strategy based on a fusion factor of claim 8, wherein the fire control planning module comprises:
the fire-fighting quantity calculation unit is used for comprehensively calculating the fire-fighting stations which need to participate in rescue based on a fire spreading prediction model about time, the rescue time of each fire-fighting station reaching a fire place and the fire-fighting capacity of each fire-fighting station;
the fire control position planning unit is used for determining fire suppression priority in all directions based on environmental states in all directions of the fire position, acquiring fire suppression priority data and determining the fire rescue position of each fire prevention fire station based on the fire suppression priority data and a fire spreading prediction model relative to time.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program when invoked performs the fusion factor based forest fire strategy formulation method of any one of claims 1-7.
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