CN116470298A - Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial - Google Patents

Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116470298A
CN116470298A CN202210028798.5A CN202210028798A CN116470298A CN 116470298 A CN116470298 A CN 116470298A CN 202210028798 A CN202210028798 A CN 202210028798A CN 116470298 A CN116470298 A CN 116470298A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
metamaterial
transmission line
microwave transmission
electromagnetic radiation
radiation shielding
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Pending
Application number
CN202210028798.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李艳禄
管政涛
王蒙军
魏豪毅
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Hebei University of Technology
Hongqisheng Precision Electronics Qinhuangdao Co Ltd
Avary Holding Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hebei University of Technology
Hongqisheng Precision Electronics Qinhuangdao Co Ltd
Avary Holding Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hebei University of Technology, Hongqisheng Precision Electronics Qinhuangdao Co Ltd, Avary Holding Shenzhen Co Ltd filed Critical Hebei University of Technology
Priority to CN202210028798.5A priority Critical patent/CN116470298A/en
Publication of CN116470298A publication Critical patent/CN116470298A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/007Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with means for controlling the absorption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/003Coplanar lines
    • H01P3/006Conductor backed coplanar waveguides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/008Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0073Shielding materials
    • H05K9/0081Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line by adopting a metamaterial. The designed electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line adopting the metamaterial mainly comprises a microwave transmission line, a medium spacing layer and a metamaterial shielding layer from bottom to top, wherein the microwave transmission line is used for signal transmission; the metamaterial shielding layer is used for inhibiting the microwave transmission line from radiating electromagnetic waves to the space; a dielectric spacer layer is positioned between the two for isolation of the metal conductors. The metamaterial electromagnetic radiation suppression structure adopted by the invention has the characteristics of smaller size, simple structure, easiness in processing, wide suppression frequency band and the like, and can effectively reduce electromagnetic radiation interference under the condition of not affecting the transmission performance of a microwave transmission line as an absorption type radiation suppression method.

Description

Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic shielding, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line by adopting a metamaterial.
Background
With the development of mobile communication technology, the communication rate is continuously improved, and the current 5G millimeter wave technology is widely applied in the fields of mobile communication, medical equipment, military electronics and the like. As the operating frequency of devices increases, the problem of electromagnetic radiation encountered by communication systems increases, and a critical component of electronic systems is the PCB, which carries most of the electronic components in the electronic system, and thus the PCB becomes the main part of the leakage of electromagnetic radiation. The transmission of microwave signals in the PCB is mainly completed through a transmission line, and along with the improvement of transmission frequency, the equivalent loop inductance and capacitance induced by the transmission line when transmitting high-frequency signals are increased, so that a large part of electromagnetic energy is radiated into space to cause the abnormality of other electronic elements, and if the radiated energy reaches a certain degree, the whole electronic system is even collapsed. The microwave signal transmission line generally has a broadband transmission characteristic, so that electromagnetic radiation generated by the microwave signal transmission line also has abundant frequency components, and the electromagnetic radiation generated by the microwave signal transmission line has wide influence on other electronic components in the system because the transmission line is generally used for connection between a PCB (printed circuit board) or a PCB and a chip. The existing microwave transmission line electromagnetic shielding technology is generally of a reflective structure, and the metal via holes and the metal plates are used for reflecting leaked electromagnetic waves, so that the scheme is not beneficial to processing and manufacturing. On the one hand, the reflection type electromagnetic shielding structure can not inhibit electromagnetic radiation from the root, and the electromagnetic wave leakage risk still exists. On the other hand, the reflection type structure can cause the electromagnetic wave to repeatedly oscillate in the shielding cavity to interfere with the transmitted signal, so as to influence the normal transmission of the microwave signal. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a shielding structure that has little influence on the transmission performance of a microwave transmission line and can effectively suppress electromagnetic radiation.
The metamaterial is a specific artificial material with certain electric response or magnetic response designed according to electromagnetic theory, and is generally formed by arranging and combining sub-wavelength structural units in a periodic or regular aperiodic mode. It has many properties that natural materials do not possess, such as negative refractive index, negative dielectric constant, and negative permeability. Compared with the traditional wave-absorbing material, the metamaterial unit has the advantages that the thickness is relatively thinner and far smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves, the absorption bandwidth is larger, and the absorption frequency is higher. Therefore, the metamaterial has good application prospect in electromagnetic radiation shielding of microwave transmission lines.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line by adopting the metamaterial.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line adopting the metamaterial is designed and comprises a lower microwave transmission line, a middle dielectric spacer layer and an upper metamaterial shielding layer;
the lower microwave transmission line comprises three parts from bottom to top, namely a grounded metal conductor backboard, a dielectric substrate and a coplanar waveguide structure;
the middle dielectric spacer layer comprises an insulating dielectric substrate with a certain thickness;
the upper metamaterial shielding layer comprises three parts from bottom to top, namely a metamaterial surface pattern, a dielectric substrate and a metal conductor backboard.
Further, the coplanar waveguide structure in the lower microwave transmission line is symmetrical along the x-axis, the length is l1=10mm, the width of the central signal line is h=0.12 mm, the width of the ground wires at two sides is w=0.19 mm, and the gap between the ground wires and the signal line is g=0.25 mm.
Further, the surface pattern part of the upper metamaterial shielding layer is formed by directly connecting 10 basic metamaterial pattern units in series, and ten identical single pattern units are arranged periodically along x. The single pattern unit is composed of three mutually coupled split square rings with openings, and is attached to a dielectric substrate with the length (along the x-axis direction) and the width (along the y-axis direction) of L2=1 mm, wherein the outer ring side length of the outermost ring is h1=0.98 mm, the inner ring side length is h2=0.86 mm, the outer ring side length of the middle ring is h3=0.72 mm, the inner ring side length is h4=0.56 mm, the outer ring side length of the innermost ring is h5=0.48 mm, and the inner ring side length is h6=0.24 mm.
Further, the dielectric substrate of the lower microwave transmission line, the dielectric substrate of the upper metamaterial shielding layer and the insulating dielectric material of the middle dielectric spacer layer comprise at least one of polyimide, liquid crystal high polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene sulfide, and the metal conductor backboard of the lower microwave transmission line and the metal conductor backboard of the upper metamaterial shielding layer comprise at least one of copper, silver and aluminum.
Further, the dielectric substrate of the lower microwave transmission line, the dielectric substrate of the upper metamaterial shielding layer and the insulating dielectric material of the middle dielectric spacer layer comprise polyimide with a dielectric constant of 3.5; the material of the metal conductor backboard in the lower microwave transmission line and the upper metamaterial shielding layer is copper, and the conductivity is 5.96 multiplied by 107S/m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. electromagnetic radiation shielding is carried out on the microwave transmission line by adopting the metamaterial, and the electromagnetic radiation shielding device belongs to an absorption type structure, converts electromagnetic waves leaked to the surface of the metamaterial structure into heat energy for absorption, and reduces the possibility of outward radiation of the electromagnetic waves from the source.
2. The thickness of the metamaterial structure is thinner than that of the conventional wave absorbing material and is far smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the absorption frequency band.
3. The absorption type shielding scheme reduces the component of electromagnetic waves reflected back to the microwave transmission line and reduces the influence of the reflected electromagnetic waves on the signal transmission performance.
4. Compared with the traditional shielding scheme of metal through holes and metal reflecting plates, the metamaterial shielding structure is lower in manufacturing difficulty.
5. The metamaterial can be designed and adjusted according to the target absorption frequency band, the size and the structure of the basic metamaterial pattern unit are changed, the absorption frequency of the metamaterial structure can be adjusted by the material, the thickness and the like of the dielectric substrate, and the metamaterial can be flexibly applied to microwave transmission lines of various working frequency bands.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line using a metamaterial according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lower layer microwave transmission line structure of an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line using a metamaterial in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a lower microwave transmission line of the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line using a metamaterial according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an upper metamaterial shielding layer of a microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure using a metamaterial in the invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a basic metamaterial pattern in an upper metamaterial shield layer of a microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure employing metamaterials in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the absorption effect of a metamaterial shielding layer of a microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure using a metamaterial in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph comparing the non-shielding structure of the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line using the metamaterial and the microwave transmission line S11 with the metamaterial shielding layer added.
Fig. 8 is a graph comparing a non-shielding structure of an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line using a metamaterial and a microwave transmission line S21 with a metamaterial shielding layer added.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the effect of a metamaterial shielding layer of a metamaterial electromagnetic radiation shielding structure for a microwave transmission line on 3m far-field shielding of the microwave transmission line.
Description of the main reference signs
Lower microwave transmission line 1
Middle dielectric spacer layer 2
Upper metamaterial shielding layer 3
Metal conductor back plates 4, 11
Dielectric substrate 5
Coplanar waveguide structure 6
Center signal line 7
Ground wire 8
Metamaterial surface pattern 9
Dielectric substrate 10
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the invention provides an electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line adopting a metamaterial. Referring to fig. 1, the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line using the metamaterial comprises a lower microwave transmission line 1, a middle dielectric spacer layer 2 and an upper metamaterial shielding layer 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the lower microwave transmission line 1 includes a grounded metal conductor back plate 4, a dielectric substrate 5 and a coplanar waveguide structure 6.
Referring to fig. 3, the coplanar waveguide structure 6 is symmetrical along the x-axis, and has a length l1=10 mm, a width of the central signal line 7 is h=0.12 mm, widths of the ground lines on both sides are w=0.19 mm, and a gap between the ground line 8 and the central signal line 7 is g=0.25 mm.
Referring to fig. 4, the upper metamaterial shielding layer 3 includes a metamaterial surface pattern 9, a dielectric substrate 10, and a metal conductor back plate 11.
Referring to fig. 5, the metamaterial surface pattern 9 is formed by periodically connecting 10 identical basic metamaterial pattern units in series along the x-axis, wherein each basic metamaterial pattern unit is formed by three mutually coupled split square rings, and the basic metamaterial pattern units are attached to a dielectric substrate with the length (along the x-axis direction) and the width (along the y-axis direction) of l2=1 mm, wherein the outer ring side length of the outermost ring is h1=0.98 mm, the inner ring side length h2=0.86 mm, the outer ring side length of the middle ring is h3=0.72 mm, the inner ring side length h4=0.56 mm, the outer ring side length of the innermost ring is h5=0.48 mm, and the inner ring side length h6=0.24 mm. The three open square rings are mutually coupled to form an equivalent capacitance and an equivalent inductance to cause electromagnetic resonance, and current is generated to convert incident electromagnetic waves into heat energy for consumption.
The absorption effect of the metamaterial shielding layer is shown in fig. 6, the incident electromagnetic wave in the frequency range of 22.14GHz-28.90GHz can be efficiently absorbed, the overall thickness of the structure is 0.516mm, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is only 0.046λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength corresponding to the upper limit 28.90GHz of the efficient absorption frequency range).
The comparison of the transmission performance of the lower microwave transmission line 1 (without shielding structure) and the S11 after the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line adopting the metamaterial is shown in fig. 7, the S11 is not obviously reduced after the shielding by using the metamaterial structure, and the transmission performance is still lower than-10 dB in the transmission frequency range of 20GHz-40 GHz.
The comparison of the transmission characteristics of the lower microwave transmission line 1 (without shielding structure) and the S21 after the electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of the microwave transmission line adopting the metamaterial is shown in fig. 8, the S21 is not obviously reduced after the shielding by using the metamaterial structure, and the transmission frequency is still higher than-3 dB in the transmission frequency band of 20GHz-40 GHz.
The shielding effect of the metamaterial shielding layer on the microwave transmission line is shown in fig. 9, and the highest electromagnetic radiation inhibition performance in the whole transmission frequency band of 20GHz-40GHz can reach more than 8 dB.
The dielectric substrate 5 of the lower microwave transmission line 1 adopts Polyimide (PI) with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a thickness of 0.05mm, and the metal conductor backboard 4 adopts copper with a thickness of 0.018mm and a conductivity of 5.96×107S/m, so that the microwave transmission line has good mechanical properties and electromagnetic reliability.
The middle dielectric spacer layer 2 adopts polyimide with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a thickness of 0.15mm, and has good insulation and isolation performance.
The dielectric substrate 10 of the upper metamaterial shielding layer 3 adopts polyimide with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a thickness of 0.48mm, the metal conductor backboard 11 adopts copper with a thickness of 0.018mm, and the conductivity is 5.96×107S/m, so that the thickness of the metamaterial structure is far smaller than the wavelength of a target absorption frequency band.
In other embodiments, the dielectric substrates (5, 10) and the middle dielectric spacer layer 2 may be made of dielectric materials such as Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and the metal conductor back plates (4, 11) may be made of conductive materials such as silver and aluminum.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto, therefore, equivalent variations of the invention may be made and fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure adopting metamaterial is characterized in that: the microwave transmission line comprises a lower microwave transmission line, a middle dielectric spacer layer and an upper metamaterial shielding layer;
the lower microwave transmission line comprises a three-layer structure from bottom to top, namely a grounded metal conductor backboard, a dielectric substrate and a coplanar waveguide structure;
the coplanar waveguide structure comprises a ground wire and a central signal wire which are positioned at two sides;
the middle dielectric spacer layer comprises a layer of insulating dielectric material;
the upper metamaterial shielding layer comprises a three-layer structure from bottom to top, wherein the three-layer structure comprises metamaterial surface patterns, a dielectric substrate and a metal conductor backboard.
2. The microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure using a metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the coplanar waveguide structure is symmetrical along the x-axis.
3. The microwave transmission line electromagnetic radiation shielding structure using a metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the coplanar waveguide structure has a length L, the central signal line has a width H, the ground line has a width W, and the gap between the ground line and the central signal line is g, wherein l1=10mm, h=0.12 mm, w=0.19 mm, and g=0.25 mm.
4. The electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial surface pattern is formed by arranging 10 basic metamaterial pattern units along the x-axis, wherein the basic metamaterial pattern units are attached to the dielectric substrate and are formed by three mutually coupled split square rings.
5. The electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of a microwave transmission line using a metamaterial according to claim 4, wherein the length of the dielectric substrate along the x-axis direction and the width of the dielectric substrate along the y-axis direction are both L2; the side length of the outer ring of the outermost ring in the three mutually coupled split square rings is h1, the side length of the inner ring of the outermost ring is h2, the side length of the outer ring of the middle ring is h3, the side length of the inner ring of the middle ring is h4, the side length of the outer ring of the innermost ring is h5, and the side length of the inner ring of the innermost ring is h6; wherein l2=1 mm, h1=0.98 mm, h2=0.86 mm, h3=0.72 mm, h4=0.56 mm, h5=0.48 mm, h6=0.24 mm.
6. The electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate of the lower microwave transmission line, the dielectric substrate of the upper metamaterial shielding layer and the insulating dielectric material of the intermediate dielectric spacer layer comprise at least one of polyimide, liquid crystal high molecular polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyphenylene sulfide.
7. The electromagnetic radiation shielding structure for microwave transmission line using metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the metal conductor back plate of the lower microwave transmission line and the metal conductor back plate in the upper metamaterial shielding layer comprise at least one of copper, silver, and aluminum.
8. The electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate of the lower microwave transmission line, the dielectric substrate of the upper metamaterial shielding layer and the dielectric material of the intermediate dielectric spacer layer comprise polyimide with a dielectric constant of 3.5, and the metal conductor back plate of the lower microwave transmission line and the metal conductor back plate in the upper metamaterial shielding layer are made of copper, and have a conductivity of 5.96×107S/m.
CN202210028798.5A 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial Pending CN116470298A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202210028798.5A CN116470298A (en) 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210028798.5A CN116470298A (en) 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 Electromagnetic radiation shielding structure of microwave transmission line using metamaterial

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116470298A true CN116470298A (en) 2023-07-21

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Country Status (1)

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