CN116463691A - A precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil - Google Patents
A precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 369
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,其中系统包括生产执行机构和生产控制模块,生产时,先获取目标电流效率值,然后根据目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度,再向生产执行机构发送信号开始生产,最后获取实际生产规格,并根据实际生产规格和目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到修正电流强度,并根据修正电流强度向生产执行机构发送信号继续生产。相比于现有技术,本发明并非采用固定的参数进行生产,而是采用不固定的电流,并且在生产过程中随时调整至修正电流强度,使得生产具有灵活性,同时更具精确性。
The present invention relates to a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, wherein the system includes a production executive mechanism and a production control module. During production, the target current efficiency value is obtained first, and then according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity are obtained, and then a signal is sent to the production executive mechanism to start production. Signals continue to be produced. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use fixed parameters for production, but uses unfixed current, and adjusts to correct current intensity at any time during the production process, making production more flexible and more accurate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电解箔材制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种电解铜箔精确生产及电解铜箔精确生产方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic foil manufacturing, in particular to a precise production of electrolytic copper foil and a method for precise production of electrolytic copper foil.
背景技术Background technique
随着科学技术的发展,各行各业对金属箔材的需求也日益增加,电解法是金属箔材最常见的生产方法该法得到的金属箔材用途广泛,如铜箔、铝箔、镍箔、铁箔等。With the development of science and technology, the demand for metal foil in all walks of life is also increasing. Electrolysis is the most common production method for metal foil. The metal foil obtained by this method is widely used, such as copper foil, aluminum foil, nickel foil, iron foil, etc.
目前,在电解铜箔领域中,影响最终成品质量及数量的因素众多,如电解过程中的电流效率值、电解时间等。现有技术中,普遍采用固定的电流效率值计算,并且采用固定的参数生产,这样往往会导致最终生产的误差极大。虽然可以通过在生产过程中调节某些参数,以达到调控生产结果的目的,但是目前的解决方案仍旧无法达到人们所期望的精确程度。At present, in the field of electrolytic copper foil, there are many factors that affect the quality and quantity of the final product, such as the current efficiency value and electrolysis time during the electrolysis process. In the prior art, a fixed current efficiency value is generally used for calculation, and fixed parameters are used for production, which often leads to extremely large errors in final production. Although it is possible to adjust certain parameters during the production process to achieve the purpose of controlling the production results, the current solutions still cannot achieve the level of precision that people expect.
因此,人们亟需一种新的电解铜箔生产的工艺方案,以达到精确生产的目的。Therefore, people urgently need a new process scheme for the production of electrolytic copper foil to achieve the purpose of precise production.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,用以达到精确生产铜箔的目的。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil to achieve the purpose of precise production of copper foil.
为达到上述技术目的,本发明采取了以下技术方案:In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention has taken the following technical solutions:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种电解铜箔精确生产系统,包括生产执行机构和生产控制模块,所述生产执行机构用于电解得到铜箔,所述生产执行机构电连接所述生产控制模块,所述生产控制模块包括依次电连接的效率值确定模块、初始参数计算模块、生产启动模块和生产调节模块,其中:In the first aspect, the present invention provides a precise production system for electrolytic copper foil, including a production actuator and a production control module, the production actuator is used to obtain copper foil by electrolysis, the production actuator is electrically connected to the production control module, and the production control module includes an efficiency value determination module, an initial parameter calculation module, a production start module, and a production adjustment module that are electrically connected in sequence, wherein:
所述效率值确定模块用于获取目标电流效率值;The efficiency value determination module is used to obtain a target current efficiency value;
所述初始参数计算模块用于获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度;The initial parameter calculation module is used to obtain the target production specification, and according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, obtain the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity;
所述生产启动模块用于根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解;The production start module is used to send a signal to the production actuator according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to start electrolysis;
所述生产调节模块用于获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。The production adjustment module is used to obtain actual production specifications, obtain a corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specifications and the target production specifications, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述生产执行机构还包括电机、减速传动机构、阴极辊和电解槽,所述电机传动连接所述减速传动机构,所述减速传动机构传动连接所述阴极辊,所述阴极辊的周面延伸至所述电解槽中。Further, the production executive mechanism also includes a motor, a reduction transmission mechanism, a cathode roller and an electrolytic cell, the motor is connected to the reduction transmission mechanism, the reduction transmission mechanism is connected to the cathode roller, and the peripheral surface of the cathode roller extends into the electrolytic cell.
第二方面,本发明还提供一种电解铜箔精确生产方法,应用于上述电解铜箔精确生产系统,包括:In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, which is applied to the above precise production system of electrolytic copper foil, including:
获取目标电流效率值;Obtain the target current efficiency value;
获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度;Obtain the target production specification, and obtain the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value;
根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解;Sending a signal to the production actuator according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to start electrolysis;
获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,包括:Further, the acquiring the actual production specification, and according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, obtain the corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, including:
根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,得到第一生产偏差值;Obtaining a first production deviation value according to the actual production specification and the target production specification;
根据所述第一生产偏差值,基于所述预设电解模型,修正所述初始电流强度,得到所述修正电流强度;Correcting the initial current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the first production deviation value to obtain the corrected current intensity;
根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Sending a signal to the production actuator according to the modified current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,在所述获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解之前,还包括:Further, before obtaining the actual production specification, obtaining the corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and sending a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, it also includes:
获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电解时间,并根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected electrolysis time based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected electrolysis time, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电解时间,并根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,包括:Further, the acquiring the actual production specification, and obtaining the corrected electrolysis time based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and sending a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected electrolysis time to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, including:
根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,得到第二生产偏差值;Obtaining a second production deviation value according to the actual production specification and the target production specification;
根据所述第二生产偏差值,基于所述预设电解模型,修正所述初始电解时间,得到所述修正电解时间;Correcting the initial electrolysis time based on the preset electrolysis model according to the second production deviation value to obtain the corrected electrolysis time;
根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Sending a signal to the production actuator according to the modified electrolysis time, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,包括:Further, the sending a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected electrolysis time to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis includes:
获取所述阴极辊的阴极辊规格参数;Obtaining the specification parameters of the cathode roller of the cathode roller;
根据所述阴极辊规格参数、所述修正电解时间,得到目标阴极辊转速;Obtain the target cathode roller rotation speed according to the specification parameters of the cathode roller and the corrected electrolysis time;
根据所述目标阴极辊转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。According to the target cathode roller rotation speed, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述根据所述目标阴极辊转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,包括:Further, the sending a signal to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis according to the target cathode roller speed includes:
获取所述电机的电机规格参数和所述减速传动机构的传动规格参数;Obtaining the motor specification parameters of the motor and the transmission specification parameters of the reduction transmission mechanism;
根据所述电机规格参数、所述传动规格参数和所述目标阴极辊转速,得到目标电机转速;Obtaining a target motor speed according to the motor specification parameter, the transmission specification parameter and the target cathode roller speed;
根据所述目标电机转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。According to the target motor speed, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,所述预设电解模型包括:Further, the preset electrolysis model includes:
M=KITηM=KITη
式中M为所述生产规格,K为电化学当量,I为电流强度,T为电解时间,η为电流效率值。In the formula, M is the production specification, K is the electrochemical equivalent, I is the current intensity, T is the electrolysis time, and η is the current efficiency value.
进一步的,所述获取目标电流效率值,包括:Further, the acquisition of the target current efficiency value includes:
向所述生产执行机构发送信号进行试生产,得到试生产产品参数和所述生产执行机构的实际机构状态参数;Send a signal to the production executive body for trial production, and obtain the trial production product parameters and the actual mechanism state parameters of the production executive body;
根据所述实际机构状态参数,得到初始电流效率值;Obtaining an initial current efficiency value according to the actual mechanism state parameters;
根据所述试生产产品参数,修正所述初始电流效率值,得到所述目标电流效率值。According to the trial production product parameters, the initial current efficiency value is corrected to obtain the target current efficiency value.
本发明提供一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,其中系统包括生产执行机构和生产控制模块,生产时,先获取目标电流效率值,然后获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度,再根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解,最后获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。相比于现有技术,本发明并非采用固定的参数进行生产,而是采用不固定的电流,并且在生产过程中随时调整至修正电流强度,使得生产具有灵活性,同时更具精确性。The present invention provides a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, wherein the system includes a production executive mechanism and a production control module. During production, the target current efficiency value is obtained first, and then the target production specification is obtained, and according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity are obtained, and then according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, a signal is sent to the production executive mechanism to control the production executive mechanism to start electrolysis, and finally the actual production specification is obtained, and according to the actual production specification and the target The production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model, obtains the corrected current intensity, and sends a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use fixed parameters for production, but uses unfixed current, and adjusts to correct current intensity at any time during the production process, making production more flexible and more accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的电解铜箔精确生产系统一实施例的系统架构图;Figure 1 is a system architecture diagram of an embodiment of an electrolytic copper foil precision production system provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的电解铜箔精确生产方法一实施例的方法流程图;Fig. 2 is a method flow chart of an embodiment of the precise production method of electrolytic copper foil provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的电解铜箔精确生产方法又一实施例的方法流程图。Fig. 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of the precise production method of electrolytic copper foil provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图来具体描述本发明的优选实施例,其中,附图构成本申请一部分,并与本发明的实施例一起用于阐释本发明的原理,并非用于限定本发明的范围。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the application and together with the embodiments of the present invention are used to explain the principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
在本申请的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference herein to an "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The occurrences of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
本发明通过在电解铜箔的生产过程中,调节电解的电流强度这一种类的参数,以达到精确控制的目的。In the present invention, during the production process of the electrolytic copper foil, the parameter of electrolytic current intensity is adjusted to achieve the purpose of precise control.
本发明提供了一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,,以下分别进行说明。The present invention provides a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, which will be described respectively below.
结合图1所示,本发明的一个具体实施例,公开了一种电解铜箔精确生产系统,包括生产执行机构110和生产控制模块120,所述生产执行机构用于电解得到铜箔,所述生产执行机构110电连接所述生产控制模块120,所述生产控制模块包括依次电连接的效率值确定模块121、初始参数计算模块122、生产启动模块123和生产调节模块124,其中:As shown in FIG. 1 , a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a precise electrolytic copper foil production system, including a production actuator 110 and a production control module 120, the production actuator is used for electrolysis to obtain copper foil, the production actuator 110 is electrically connected to the production control module 120, and the production control module includes an efficiency value determination module 121, an initial parameter calculation module 122, a production start module 123, and a production adjustment module 124 that are electrically connected in sequence, wherein:
所述效率值确定模块121用于获取目标电流效率值;The efficiency value determining module 121 is used to obtain a target current efficiency value;
所述初始参数计算模块122用于获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度;The initial parameter calculation module 122 is used to obtain the target production specification, and according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, obtain the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity;
所述生产启动模块123用于根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解;The production starting module 123 is used to send a signal to the production actuator according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to start electrolysis;
所述生产调节模块124用于获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。The production adjustment module 124 is used to obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
本发明提供一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,其中系统包括生产执行机构和生产控制模块,生产时,先获取目标电流效率值,然后获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度,再根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解,最后获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。相比于现有技术,本发明并非采用固定的参数进行生产,而是采用不固定的电流,并且在生产过程中随时调整至修正电流强度,使得生产具有灵活性,同时更具精确性。The present invention provides a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, wherein the system includes a production executive mechanism and a production control module. During production, the target current efficiency value is obtained first, and then the target production specification is obtained, and according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity are obtained, and then according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, a signal is sent to the production executive mechanism to control the production executive mechanism to start electrolysis, and finally the actual production specification is obtained, and according to the actual production specification and the target The production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model, obtains the corrected current intensity, and sends a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use fixed parameters for production, but uses unfixed current, and adjusts to correct current intensity at any time during the production process, making production more flexible and more accurate.
在一个优选的实施例中,所述生产执行机构还包括电机、减速传动机构、阴极辊和电解槽,所述电机传动连接所述减速传动机构,所述减速传动机构传动连接所述阴极辊,所述阴极辊的周面延伸至所述电解槽中。可以理解的是,实际中用于电解铜箔的生产执行机构中,除上述零部件之外的部分均为现有技术,因此本文并不做过多说明。In a preferred embodiment, the production execution mechanism further includes a motor, a reduction transmission mechanism, a cathode roller and an electrolytic cell, the motor is connected to the reduction transmission mechanism, the reduction transmission mechanism is connected to the cathode roller, and the peripheral surface of the cathode roller extends into the electrolytic cell. It can be understood that in the actual production actuators used for electrolytic copper foil, the parts other than the above-mentioned parts are all prior art, so this article does not give too much explanation.
为了更好实施本发明实施例中的电解铜箔精确生产系统,在前一电解铜箔精确生产系统实施例的基础之上,对应的,结合图2所示,本发明还提供一种电解铜箔精确生产方法,应用于前一实施例中的电解铜箔精确生产系统,包括:In order to better implement the precise production system of electrolytic copper foil in the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the previous embodiment of the precise production system of electrolytic copper foil, correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention also provides a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, which is applied to the precise production system of electrolytic copper foil in the previous embodiment, including:
S201、获取目标电流效率值;S201. Obtain a target current efficiency value;
S202、获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度;S202. Obtain the target production specification, and obtain the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value;
S203、根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解;S203. Send a signal to the production actuator according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to start electrolysis;
S204、获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。S204. Obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
在一个优选的实施例中,预设电解模型包括:In a preferred embodiment, the preset electrolysis model includes:
M=KITηM=KITη
式中M为所述生产规格,K为电化学当量,I为电流强度,T为电解时间,η为电流效率值。其中,生产规格M即电解沉积层重量,就是产品的规格型号,用产品面密度(每平方厘米克重)来衡量,是生产的最终产品,也是人们进行质量管控的最终对象。电化学当量K是指在不同的电解液中,通过相同的电量(一般为1C)时,所析出的物质量,如1g当量任何物质定通过95600C或26.8A的电量,本实施例中电化学当量为1.186g/A.h,实际中也可以根据具体情况确定。电流强度I用安培(A)来度量,是生产中可以调节控制的生产条件,而不是最终管控对象。电解时间T是连续运转的电极(阴极辊)在电解槽中的停留时间,本实施例中可以用阴极辊转动的线速度来控制。阴极辊的线速度用电机的转动速度通过减速机构传递。控制电机转速就是控制了阴极辊线速度,间接地控制了电解时间。电流效率η是百分比,是随设备运行情况实时变化的,是主要干扰源,不应该随意使用固定数值代替,应该准确计算和管控。In the formula, M is the production specification, K is the electrochemical equivalent, I is the current intensity, T is the electrolysis time, and η is the current efficiency value. Among them, the production specification M is the weight of the electrolytic deposition layer, which is the specification model of the product, measured by the surface density of the product (gram weight per square centimeter), and is the final product of production and the final object of people's quality control. The electrochemical equivalent K refers to the amount of material precipitated when passing the same amount of electricity (generally 1C) in different electrolytes, such as the amount of electricity that 1g equivalent of any substance passes through 9560°C or 26.8A. In this embodiment, the electrochemical equivalent is 1.186g/A.h, which can also be determined according to specific conditions in practice. The current intensity I is measured by ampere (A), which is a production condition that can be adjusted and controlled in production, not the final control object. The electrolysis time T is the residence time of the continuously running electrode (cathode roll) in the electrolytic cell, which can be controlled by the linear speed of the cathode roll in this embodiment. The linear speed of the cathode roller is transmitted through the reduction mechanism by the rotation speed of the motor. Controlling the rotational speed of the motor means controlling the line speed of the cathode roller and indirectly controlling the electrolysis time. The current efficiency η is a percentage, which changes in real time with the operation of the equipment, and is the main source of interference. It should not be replaced by a fixed value at will, but should be accurately calculated and controlled.
上述预设电解模型的具体推导过程如下:The specific derivation process of the above preset electrolysis model is as follows:
法拉第第一电解定律:在电极上所析出的物质重量与电流强度和通过的时间成正比,即与通过的电量成正比。Faraday's first law of electrolysis: The weight of the substance precipitated on the electrode is proportional to the current intensity and the passing time, that is, it is proportional to the passing electricity.
m=Kit=kQm=Kit=kQ
式中:m为电极上析出(或溶解)物质的量/g;I为通过的电流强度/A;t为通过的时间/h;Q为通过的电量/(A.h);m为比例常数。In the formula: m is the amount of precipitated (or dissolved) substances on the electrode/g; I is the passing current intensity/A; t is the passing time/h; Q is the passing electricity/(A.h); m is a proportional constant.
法拉第第二电解定律:在不同的电解液中,通过相同的电量时,在多个溶液中所析出的物质重量与它的化学当量成正比,并析出1g当量的任何物质定通过96500C或26.8A.h的电量。Faraday's second law of electrolysis: in different electrolytes, when the same amount of electricity is passed, the weight of the substance precipitated in multiple solutions is proportional to its chemical equivalent, and any substance that precipitates 1g equivalent must pass through the electricity of 96500C or 26.8A.h.
式中:m为电极上析出(或溶解)物质的量/g;Q为通过的电量/(A.h);n为该物质的克当量;F为电解时电极上析出(或溶解)1g物质的量时所需的电量。In the formula: m is the amount/g of the precipitated (or dissolved) substance on the electrode; Q is the electricity passed through/(A.h); n is the gram equivalent of the substance; F is the amount of electricity required for 1g of the substance precipitated (or dissolved) on the electrode during electrolysis.
综上两个公式可得电化当量K:In summary, the electrochemical equivalent K can be obtained from the above two formulas:
上式表示各物质的电化当量与它们的原子量成正比,与其化合价成反比。对于变价元素,因不同的价态有不同的当量数值,所以它的电化当量也不相同。在本实施例中铜是一价的。The above formula shows that the electrochemical equivalent of each substance is directly proportional to their atomic weight and inversely proportional to their valence. For variable valence elements, because different valence states have different equivalent values, their electrochemical equivalents are also different. Copper is monovalent in this embodiment.
Cu++e=CuCu + +e = Cu
所以,一价铜的电化当量为63.55/2/26.8=1.186g/A.hTherefore, the electrochemical equivalent of monovalent copper is 63.55/2/26.8=1.186g/A.h
由于副反应的存在:Due to the existence of side reactions:
Zn2++2e→ZnZn 2+ +2e→Zn
2H++2e→H2↑2H + +2e→H 2 ↑
这样,通入电解槽的电量就存在一个效率问题。实际析出的物质的质量总是与理论上计算出的重量不一样,实际析出的重量与理论计算出重量之比用百分率表示,称之为电流效率,常以“η”表示。Thus, there is an efficiency problem with the electricity fed to the electrolyzer. The mass of the actually precipitated substance is always different from the theoretically calculated weight. The ratio of the actual precipitated weight to the theoretically calculated weight is expressed as a percentage, which is called the current efficiency, and is often expressed by "η".
式中,m为实际析出的物质重量/g;I为电流/A;t为时间/h;k为电化当量/【g×(A×h)-1】。In the formula, m is the weight of the actual precipitated substance/g; I is the current/A; t is the time/h; k is the electrochemical equivalent/[g×(A×h) -1 ].
综上一系列公式,便可以得到本申请中的预设电解模型。Based on the above series of formulas, the preset electrolysis model in this application can be obtained.
可以理解的是,实际中也可以根据具体的情况选择其他的模型作为预设电解模型。It can be understood that in practice, other models can also be selected as the preset electrolysis model according to specific situations.
在一个优选的实施例中,上述步骤S201、获取目标电流效率值,具体包括:In a preferred embodiment, the above step S201, obtaining the target current efficiency value, specifically includes:
向所述生产执行机构发送信号进行试生产,得到试生产产品参数和所述生产执行机构的实际机构状态参数;Send a signal to the production executive body for trial production, and obtain the trial production product parameters and the actual mechanism state parameters of the production executive body;
根据所述实际机构状态参数,得到初始电流效率值;Obtaining an initial current efficiency value according to the actual mechanism state parameters;
根据所述试生产产品参数,修正所述初始电流效率值,得到所述目标电流效率值。According to the trial production product parameters, the initial current efficiency value is corrected to obtain the target current efficiency value.
现有生产过程中均采用固定的电流效率值进行计算,指导生产。而实际工作中,受温度、压力、电解液浓度、化学成分(如氯离子含量,酸含量等)电极和极间距和电解槽的材料与形状等因素的影响,电流效率不是固定值。同一台生产设备在不同工况,不同时段时的电流效率也不是固定值。采用固定的电流效率值会造成误差。In the existing production process, a fixed current efficiency value is used for calculation to guide production. In actual work, the current efficiency is not a fixed value due to factors such as temperature, pressure, electrolyte concentration, chemical composition (such as chloride ion content, acid content, etc.), electrode and electrode spacing, and the material and shape of the electrolytic cell. The current efficiency of the same production equipment in different working conditions and different time periods is not a fixed value. Using a fixed current efficiency value introduces errors.
因此本实施例中,在正式生产前试生产,进行产品检验。用检验的结果(即所述试生产产品参数),结合试生产时的电流强度、阴极辊转速(即所述实际机构状态参数),得出正确的电流效率值(即初始电流效率值)。每批次首尾进行产品检验,校正电流效率值(即得到目标电流效率值),形成闭环的质量控制模式。上述过程可以重复进行,可以得到不同生产设备不同工况的准确电流效率值,消除电流效率值不准确造成的产品误差。Therefore, in this embodiment, trial production is carried out before formal production, and product inspection is carried out. The correct current efficiency value (i.e. the initial current efficiency value) is obtained by using the test results (i.e. the trial production product parameters) in combination with the current intensity and the cathode roller speed during the trial production (i.e. the actual mechanism state parameters). Product inspection is carried out at the beginning and end of each batch, and the current efficiency value is corrected (that is, the target current efficiency value is obtained), forming a closed-loop quality control mode. The above process can be repeated, and accurate current efficiency values of different production equipment and different working conditions can be obtained, and product errors caused by inaccurate current efficiency values can be eliminated.
进一步的,在一个优选的实施例中,步骤S204、获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,具体包括:Further, in a preferred embodiment, in step S204, obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected current intensity according to the actual production specification and the target production specification based on the preset electrolysis model, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, specifically including:
根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,得到第一生产偏差值;Obtaining a first production deviation value according to the actual production specification and the target production specification;
根据所述第一生产偏差值,基于所述预设电解模型,修正所述初始电流强度,得到所述修正电流强度;Correcting the initial current intensity based on the preset electrolysis model according to the first production deviation value to obtain the corrected current intensity;
根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Sending a signal to the production actuator according to the modified current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
通过上述过程调整电流强度,能够实现生产过程中的精确控制,具体原理会在后文具体说明。By adjusting the current intensity through the above process, precise control in the production process can be realized, and the specific principle will be explained in detail later.
进一步的,结合图3所示,在一个优选的实施例中,在步骤S204之前,还包括:Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , in a preferred embodiment, before step S204, it also includes:
S205、获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电解时间,并根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。S205. Obtain the actual production specification, and obtain the corrected electrolysis time based on the preset electrolysis model according to the actual production specification and the target production specification, and send a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected electrolysis time, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
调节电解时间虽然也能够控制最终的规格,但是其精确程度远不如调整电流强度,本实施例中先调整电解时间,再调整电流强度,达到先粗调,再精调的效果。Although adjusting the electrolysis time can also control the final specifications, its accuracy is far less than that of adjusting the current intensity. In this embodiment, the electrolysis time is first adjusted, and then the current intensity is adjusted to achieve the effect of rough adjustment first and then fine adjustment.
具体地,在一个优选的实施例中,上述所述获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电解时间,并根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,包括:Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the actual production specification is obtained above, and the corrected electrolysis time is obtained based on the actual production specification and the target production specification based on the preset electrolysis model, and a signal is sent to the production actuator according to the corrected electrolysis time to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, including:
根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,得到第二生产偏差值;Obtaining a second production deviation value according to the actual production specification and the target production specification;
根据所述第二生产偏差值,基于所述预设电解模型,修正所述初始电解时间,得到所述修正电解时间;Correcting the initial electrolysis time based on the preset electrolysis model according to the second production deviation value to obtain the corrected electrolysis time;
根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。Sending a signal to the production actuator according to the modified electrolysis time, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
调节电解时间的具体手段有很多,需要根据实际生产执行机构的结构而定,因此,结合前文实施例中的生产执行机构的具体结构,在一个优选的实施例中,上述步骤中的根据所述修正电解时间向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,具体包括:There are many specific means for adjusting the electrolysis time, which need to be determined according to the structure of the actual production actuator. Therefore, in combination with the specific structure of the production actuator in the previous embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, in the above steps, according to the corrected electrolysis time, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, specifically including:
获取所述阴极辊的阴极辊规格参数;Obtaining the specification parameters of the cathode roller of the cathode roller;
根据所述阴极辊规格参数、所述修正电解时间,得到目标阴极辊转速;Obtain the target cathode roller rotation speed according to the specification parameters of the cathode roller and the corrected electrolysis time;
根据所述目标阴极辊转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。According to the target cathode roller rotation speed, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
进一步的,在一个优选的实施例中,上述过程中的根据所述目标阴极辊转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解,具体包括:Further, in a preferred embodiment, according to the target cathode roller speed in the above process, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis, specifically including:
获取所述电机的电机规格参数和所述减速传动机构的传动规格参数;Obtaining the motor specification parameters of the motor and the transmission specification parameters of the reduction transmission mechanism;
根据所述电机规格参数、所述传动规格参数和所述目标阴极辊转速,得到目标电机转速;Obtaining a target motor speed according to the motor specification parameter, the transmission specification parameter and the target cathode roller speed;
根据所述目标电机转速,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。According to the target motor speed, a signal is sent to the production actuator to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis.
本发明还提供一更加详细的实施例,用以更加清楚地说明上述步骤S204及S205:The present invention also provides a more detailed embodiment to illustrate the above steps S204 and S205 more clearly:
本实施例的生产过程中,电解时间是连续运转的电极(阴极辊)在电解槽中的停留时间,用阴极辊转动的线速度来控制。线速度是通过电机转速、减速机构减速比、阴极辊直径和圆周率来经行计算的。由于圆周率是无理数,所以计算的线速度就是近似值,若直接用这个近似值进行控制,会造成产品误差。In the production process of the present embodiment, the electrolysis time is the residence time of the continuously running electrode (cathode roll) in the electrolytic cell, which is controlled by the linear speed of the cathode roll rotation. The line speed is calculated by the motor speed, the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism, the diameter of the cathode roller and the circumference ratio. Since pi is an irrational number, the calculated linear velocity is an approximate value. If this approximate value is directly used for control, it will cause product errors.
所以本实施例中,直接控制电机转速,间接的控制了阴极辊的线速度,最终控制了电解时间。通过实验可以得出以下结果:Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotation speed of the motor is directly controlled, the linear speed of the cathode roller is indirectly controlled, and the electrolysis time is finally controlled. The following results can be obtained through experiments:
本实施例中的设备中,所述阴极辊规格参数包括:阴极辊直径2.016米,阴极辊幅宽1.39米。所述传动规格参数包括:减速机构减速比1045.3。电机规格参数包括电机转速的上下限等。电化当量1.186,电流效率97%。In the equipment in this embodiment, the specification parameters of the cathode roller include: the diameter of the cathode roller is 2.016 meters, and the width of the cathode roller is 1.39 meters. The transmission specification parameters include: the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism is 1045.3. The motor specification parameters include the upper and lower limits of the motor speed, etc. The electrochemical equivalent is 1.186, and the current efficiency is 97%.
1)生产克重855的产品,生产电流34000A,所需线速度约等于0.548米每分钟。1) To produce products with a gram weight of 855, the production current is 34000A, and the required line speed is approximately equal to 0.548 meters per minute.
在0.548数值范围附近采用不同的线速度,所生产的产品克重如下表:Using different line speeds near the value range of 0.548, the grammage of the products produced is as follows:
表1基于不同线速度的生产结果对照表Table 1 Comparison table of production results based on different line speeds
2)生产克重855的产品,生产电流34000A,所需电机转速约为90.53RPM。2) To produce products with a gram weight of 855, the production current is 34000A, and the required motor speed is about 90.53RPM.
在90.53数值范围附近采用不同的电机转速,所生产的产品克重如下表:Using different motor speeds around the value range of 90.53, the weight of the products produced is as follows:
表2基于不同电机转速的生产结果对照表Table 2 Comparison table of production results based on different motor speeds
结合表1和表2可以看出,生产克重855的产品,生产电流34000A,线速度每调整0.01m/min时,(此分辨率为实际生产时能控制的最小单位)得到的产品克重变化15.23克。而电机转速每调整1rmp时(此分辨率为实际生产时能控制的最小单位),得到的产品克重变化9.25克。生产同样规格的产品,控制理念和方法的不同,对不同的过程参数进行控制会得到截然不同的控制效果。把控制线速度转变为控制电机转速可以提高控制的精度,消除无理数参与计算引起的误差。Combining Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that when producing products with a grammage of 855, the production current is 34000A, and when the line speed is adjusted by 0.01m/min, (this resolution is the smallest unit that can be controlled in actual production), the grammage of the product obtained changes by 15.23 grams. When the motor speed is adjusted by 1rmp (this resolution is the smallest unit that can be controlled during actual production), the gram weight of the obtained product changes by 9.25 grams. For the production of products with the same specifications, different control concepts and methods will result in completely different control effects when controlling different process parameters. Converting the control line speed to control the motor speed can improve the control accuracy and eliminate the error caused by irrational numbers involved in the calculation.
进一步的,现有生产过程中采用固定的电流强度,调整电解时间进行生产,通过上述结果可以看出,产品存在误差。所以本发明不采用固定的电流进行生产。通过实验可以得出以下结果:Furthermore, in the existing production process, a fixed current intensity is adopted, and the electrolysis time is adjusted for production. It can be seen from the above results that there are errors in the product. Therefore, the present invention does not use a fixed current for production. The following results can be obtained through experiments:
基于同样的设备,阴极辊直径2.016米,阴极辊幅宽1.39米,减速机构减速比1045.3,电化当量1.186,电流效率97%。Based on the same equipment, the diameter of the cathode roller is 2.016 meters, the width of the cathode roller is 1.39 meters, the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism is 1045.3, the electrochemical equivalent is 1.186, and the current efficiency is 97%.
生产克重855的产品,电机转速91RPM,所需电流34175.63A,在34175.63数值范围附近采用不同的电流强度,所生产的产品克重如下表:To produce products with a grammage of 855, the motor speed is 91RPM, and the required current is 34175.63A. Different current intensities are used around the value range of 34175.63. The grammage of the produced products is as follows:
表3基于不同电流强度的生产结果对照表Table 3 Comparison table of production results based on different current intensities
通过表3可以看出,电流强度每调整1A时,(此分辨率为实际生产时能控制的最小单位)得到的产品克重变化0.025克。显然,调整电流强度比控制电解时间的方法更精准。能够把控制精度提高4个数量级。能有效消除产品误差。It can be seen from Table 3 that when the current intensity is adjusted by 1A, (this resolution is the smallest unit that can be controlled in actual production), the gram weight of the obtained product changes by 0.025 grams. Obviously, adjusting the current intensity is more accurate than controlling the electrolysis time. It can improve the control precision by 4 orders of magnitude. Can effectively eliminate product errors.
现有生产过程中首先确定生产的规格,然后用固定的电流强度进行生产。根据前文可知,固定了产品规格,又固定了电流强度,电解时间也将被固定下来,随之生产速度也被固定了。生产没有灵活性,不能根据生产需要及时调整生产速度,且误差极大。In the existing production process, the production specifications are first determined, and then the production is carried out with a fixed current intensity. According to the above, it can be seen that the product specification is fixed, and the current intensity is fixed, the electrolysis time will also be fixed, and the production speed will also be fixed. There is no flexibility in production, and the production speed cannot be adjusted in time according to production needs, and the error is extremely large.
所以本发明选定生产规格,不用固定的电流进行生产,采用灵活的生产速度,实时调整电流强度。这样的方法在生产中可以实时的调整生产速度,生产具有灵活性,并且通过调整电流强度来保障生产过程中调节的精确性。具体地,本发明提高精确度的核心主要体现在以下三个方面:Therefore, the present invention selects production specifications, does not use fixed current for production, adopts flexible production speed, and adjusts current intensity in real time. Such a method can adjust the production speed in real time during production, and the production is flexible, and the accuracy of adjustment during the production process can be guaranteed by adjusting the current intensity. Specifically, the core of the present invention to improve accuracy is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
1、控制线速度改为直接控制电机转速。1. Change the control line speed to directly control the motor speed.
2、在固定电流的条件下,调整线速度的原始生产方法,改为计算选定合适电机转速,灵活调整电流强度2. Under the condition of fixed current, the original production method of adjusting the line speed is changed to calculate and select the appropriate motor speed, and flexibly adjust the current intensity
3、固定电流效率改为电流效率的精确计算,实时闭环调整。3. The fixed current efficiency is changed to the accurate calculation of current efficiency, and real-time closed-loop adjustment.
本发明提供一种电解铜箔精确生产系统及电解铜箔精确生产方法,其中系统包括生产执行机构和生产控制模块,生产时,先获取目标电流效率值,然后获取目标生产规格,并根据所述目标生产规格,基于预设电解模型和所述目标电流效率值,得到初始电解时间和初始电流强度,再根据所述初始电解时间和所述初始电流强度,向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构开始电解,最后获取实际生产规格,并根据所述实际生产规格和所述目标生产规格,基于所述预设电解模型,得到修正电流强度,并根据所述修正电流强度向所述生产执行机构发送信号,以控制所述生产执行机构继续电解。相比于现有技术,本发明并非采用固定的参数进行生产,而是采用不固定的电流,并且在生产过程中随时调整至修正电流强度,使得生产具有灵活性,同时更具精确性。The present invention provides a precise production system of electrolytic copper foil and a precise production method of electrolytic copper foil, wherein the system includes a production executive mechanism and a production control module. During production, the target current efficiency value is obtained first, and then the target production specification is obtained, and according to the target production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model and the target current efficiency value, the initial electrolysis time and initial current intensity are obtained, and then according to the initial electrolysis time and the initial current intensity, a signal is sent to the production executive mechanism to control the production executive mechanism to start electrolysis, and finally the actual production specification is obtained, and according to the actual production specification and the target The production specification, based on the preset electrolysis model, obtains the corrected current intensity, and sends a signal to the production actuator according to the corrected current intensity, so as to control the production actuator to continue electrolysis. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use fixed parameters for production, but uses unfixed current, and adjusts to correct current intensity at any time during the production process, making production more flexible and more accurate.
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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